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  • 1
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    Cytokinin oxidase regulates rice grain production (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-06-25
    Description: Most agriculturally important traits are regulated by genes known as quantitative trait loci (QTLs) derived from natural allelic variations. We here show that a QTL that increases grain productivity in rice, Gn1a, is a gene for cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (OsCKX2), an enzyme that degrades the phytohormone cytokinin. Reduced expression of OsCKX2 causes cytokinin accumulation in inflorescence meristems and increases the number of reproductive organs, resulting in enhanced grain yield. QTL pyramiding to combine loci for grain number and plant height in the same genetic background generated lines exhibiting both beneficial traits. These results provide a strategy for tailormade crop improvement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ashikari, Motoyuki -- Sakakibara, Hitoshi -- Lin, Shaoyang -- Yamamoto, Toshio -- Takashi, Tomonori -- Nishimura, Asuka -- Angeles, Enrique R -- Qian, Qian -- Kitano, Hidemi -- Matsuoka, Makoto -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 29;309(5735):741-5. Epub 2005 Jun 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15976269" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crops, Agricultural/genetics/growth & development ; Crosses, Genetic ; Cytokinins/*metabolism ; Flowers/growth & development/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes, Plant ; Meristem/metabolism ; Oryza/enzymology/*genetics/*growth & development ; Oxidoreductases/*genetics/*metabolism ; Phenotype ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; *Quantitative Trait Loci ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Deletion ; Zeatin/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of resistance to green leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens (Distant), in three varieties of rice (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The genetics of resistance to green leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens (Distant), in rice varieties ‘IR36’ and ‘Maddai Karuppan’ and breeding line ‘IR20965-11-3-3’ was studied. The reactions of F1 hybrids, F2 populations and F3 lines from the crosses of test varieties with the susceptible variety ‘TN1’ revealed that resistance in ‘IR36’ and ‘Maddai Karuppan’, is governed by single recessive genes while resistance in ‘IR20965-11-3-3’ is controlled by a single dominant gene. Allele tests with the known genes for resistance to green leafhopper revealed that the recessive gene of ‘IR36’ is different from and inherited independently of Glh1, Glh2, Glh3, Glh4, Glh5, Glh8 and Glh9t. This gene is designated as glh10t. The recessive gene of ‘Maddai Karuppan’ and the dominant gene of ‘IR20965-11-3-3’ are also non-allelic to Glh1, Glh2, Glh3, Glh4, Glh5 and Glh8t. Thus, the dominant gene of IR20965-11-3-3 is designated as Glh11t. The allelic relationships of the recessive gene of ‘Maddai Karuppan’ with glh8 and glh10t should be investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00513.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of monosomic alien addition lines and introgression of genes from Oryza australiensis Domin. to cultivated rice O. sativa L. (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 102-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Rice ; Oryza sativa ; O. australiensis ; Monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) ; Alien gene transfer ; Introgression ; Resistance to bacterial blight ; Resistance to brown planthopper
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Oryza australiensis, a diploid wild relative of cultivated rice, is an important source of resistance to brown planthopper (BPH) and bacterial blight (BB). Interspecific hybrids between three breeding lines of O. sativa (2n=24, AA) and four accessions of O. australiensis (2n=24, EE) were obtained through embryo rescue. The crossability ranged from 0.25% to 0.90%. The mean frequency of bivalents at diakinesis/metaphase I in F1 hybrids (AE) was 2.29 to 4.85 with a range of 0–8 bivalents. F1 hybrids were completely male sterile. We did not obtain any BC1 progenies even after pollinating 20,234 spikelets of AE hybrids with O. sativa pollen. We crossed the artificially induced autotetraploid of an elite breeding line (IR31917-45-3-2) with O. australiensis (Acc. 100882) and, following embryo rescue, produced six F1 hybrid plants (AAE). These triploid hybrids were backcrossed to O. sativa. The chromosome number of 16 BC1 plants varied from 28 to 31, and all were male sterile. BC2 plants had 24–28 chromosomes. Eight monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) having a 2n chromosome complement of O. sativa and one chromosome of O. australiensis were selected from the BC2 F2 progenies. The MAALs resembled the primary trisomies of O. sativa in morphology, and on the basis of this morphological similarity the MAALs were designated as MAAL-1, -4, -5, -7, -9, -10, -11, and -12. The identity of the alien chromosome was verified at the pachytene stage of meiosis. The alien chromosomes paired with the homoeologous pairs to form trivalents at a frequency of 13.2% to 24.0% at diakinesis and 7.5% to 18.5% at metaphase I. The female transmission rates of alien chromosomes varied from 4.2% to 37.2%, whereas three of the eight MAALs transmitted the alien chromosome through the male gametes. BC2 progenies consisting of disomic and aneuploid plants were examined for the presence of O. australiensis traits. Alien introgression was detected for morphological traits, such as long awns, earliness, and Amp-3 and Est-2 allozymes. Of the 600 BC2 F4 progenies 4 were resistant to BPH and 1 to race 6 of BB. F3 segregation data suggest that earliness is a recessive trait and that BPH resistance is monogenic recessive in two of the four lines but controlled by a dominant gene in the other two lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222401
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RAPD and RFLP mapping of the bacterial blight resistance gene xa-13 in rice (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Molecular mapping  ;  Xanthomonas oryzae  ;  Resistance gene  ;  Marker-aided selection  ; Oryza sativa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Bacterial blight (BB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious diseases of rice. The recessive gene xa-13 confers resistance to Philippine race 6 of Xoo. To tag xa-13 with molecular markers, RAPD analysis was conducted with the combined use of near-isogenic lines and bulked segregant analysis. From the survey of 260 arbitrary 10-nucleotide primers, one primer (OPAC05) was detected to amplify specifically a 0.9-kb band from the DNA of susceptible plants. The distance between the RAPD marker OPAC05-900 and xa-13 was estimated to be 5.3 cM. The RAPD marker was then mapped on chromosome 8 using a mapping population of doubled haploid lines derived from the cross of IR64/Azucena. The linkage between RFLP markers and the RAPD marker was analyzed using an population of 135 plants derived from a cross between a near-isogenic line for xa-13, IR66699-5-5-4-2, and IR24. No recombinants were found between RZ28 and CDO116 and their distance from xa-13 was estimated to be 4.8 cM. RG136 was located at 3.7 cM on the other side of xa-13. The mapping of xa-13 with closely linked DNA markers provides the basis for marker-aided selection for rice improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050248
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyramiding of bacterial blight resistance genes in rice: marker-assisted selection using RFLP and PCR (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 313-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Rice ; Bacterial blight ; Resistance genes ; Pyramiding ; MAS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  DNA marker-assisted selection was used to pyramid four bacterial blight resistance genes, Xa-4, xa-5, xa-13 and Xa-21. Breeding lines with two, three and four resistance genes were developed and tested for resistance to the bacterial blight pathogen (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae). The pyramid lines showed a wider spectrum and a higher level of resistance than lines with only a single gene. To speed up the gene pyramiding process and to facilitate future marker-aided selection, we developed PCR markers for the two recessive genes, xa-5 and xa-13, and used these to survey a range of rice germplasm. The results of the germplasm survey will be useful for the selection of parents in breeding programs aimed at transferring these bacterial blight resistance genes from one varietal background to another.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050565
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RAPD and RFLP mapping of the bacterial blight resistance gene xa-13 in rice (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Molecular mapping ; Xanthomonasoryzae ; Resistance gene ; Marker-aided selection ; Oryza sativa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bacterial blight (BB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious diseases of rice. The recessive gene xa-13 confers resistance to Philippine race 6 of Xoo. To tag xa-13 with molecular markers, RAPD analysis was conducted with the combined use of near-isogenic lines and bulked segregant analysis. From the survey of 260 arbitrary 10-nucleotide primers, one primer (OPAC05) was detected to amplify specifically a 0.9-kb band from the DNA of susceptible plants. The distance between the RAPD marker OPAC05-900 and xa-13 was estimated to be 5.3 cM. The RAPD marker was then mapped on chromosome 8 using a mapping population of doubled haploid lines derived from the cross of IR64/Azucena. The linkage between RFLP markers and the RAPD marker was analyzed using an F2 population of 135 plants derived from a cross between a near-isogenic line for xa-13, IR66699-5-5-4-2, and IR24. No recombinants were found between RZ28 and CDO116 and their distance from xa-13 was estimated to be 4.8 cM. RG136 was located at 3.7 cM on the other side of xa-13. The mapping of xa-13 with closely linked DNA markers provides the basis for marker-aided selection for rice improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225728
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  • 7
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    Isolation of a rice regeneration quantitative trait loci gene and its application to transformation systems (2005)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-09
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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