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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogenase inAnabaena flos-aquae filaments lacking heterocysts (1971)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 58 (1971), S. 417-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00591528
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkaloid production in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. (1981)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 1 (1981), S. 3-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of 76 cell clones derived from one leaf of a periwinkle plant (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) showed the occurrence of Corynanthe-, Strychnos-, and Aspidosperma-type alkaloids. The majority of clones (62%) displayed compounds of all three types. Variation of the alkaloid spectra of the cell clones was low when compared to that found previously with serially subcultured callus and cell suspensions derived from different plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267645
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkaloid production in Catharanthus roseus cell cultures (1982)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 1 (1982), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Callus derived from hypocotyls of periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, responded to culture on nutrient media supplementedwith IAA, BA, and zeatin with shoot formation at low frequencies. However, shoot regenerating callus could be very successfully propagated and subcultured. Alkaloid profiles of callus derived from the original explants (hypocotyls) as well as callus derived from regenerated shoots were almost identical. Subcultures of old callus (initiated in 1978) failed completely to grow shoots. In programs for long-term preservation of alkaloid producing cell lines by regeneration and storage of shoots, selection for ability to form shoots would have to precede selection for alkaloid production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269182
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures of periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don): Transition from heterotrophic to photoautotrophic growth (1986)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 5 (1986), S. 195-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chlorophyllous, heterotrophic periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) cells were capable of sustained photoautotrophic growth in sugar-free B5 medium containing naphthaleneacetic acid and kinetin when provided with a CO2-enriched atmosphere. An increase in cell fresh weight, first observed approximately 2 weeks after transfer from heterotrophic to photoautotrophic conditions, coincided with the development of maximum chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity. Electron micrographs revealed that chloroplasts of cells cultured photoautotrophically in continuous light contained large starch granules and exhibited a less extensive thylakoid system than did periwinkle mesophyll chloroplasts. Photoautotrophic cells did not accumulate vindoline or dimeric alkaloids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269117
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semi-continuous production of sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine by Papaver somniferum L. cell suspension cultures treated with fungal homogenate (1988)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 7 (1988), S. 410-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Papaver somniferum L. (opium poppy) cells were elicited with a Botrytis sp. homogenate and cultured by a semi-continuous process. Elicitation induced synthesis of sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine. Significant release of both alkaloids into the culture medium occurred. Medium exchange at 2-day intervals enabled product recovery from spent medium and maintained culture viability. Culture growth was not inhibited by elicitor treatment necessitating sub-culture prior to re-elicitation. Re-elicited cultures displayed an increasing sensitivity (reduced growth rate, higher alkaloid yield) to the elicitor with each successive treatment and did not survive a fourth elicitation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269525
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased accumulation of indole alkaloids by some cell lines of Catharanthus roseus in response to addition of vanadyl sulphate (1987)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 6 (1987), S. 142-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Vanadyl sulphate (10–500 mg/l), when added to cell suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus stimulated increased intracellular accumulation of catharanthine and ajmalicine. This response was demonstrated in both flask and fermenter (30 litre) systems. The response varied, and depended upon cell line, concentration of vanadyl sulphate and the stage of the growth phase at which the cells were treated. This process has the potential to increase the yield and reduce the production time for commercially useful secondary plant metabolites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276673
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a novel N-methyltransferase (NMT) from Catharanthus roseus plants (1987)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 6 (1987), S. 458-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Young leaves from Catharanthus roseus plants contain a novel N-methyltransferase which transfers the methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine specifically to position 1 of (2R, 3R)-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxytabersonine, producing the N-methylated product. The enzyme shows a high degree of specificity toward substrates containing a reduced double bond at position 2,3 of tabersonine derivatives but the more substituted N-desmethyldeacetylvindoline did not act as a substrate. The enzyme catalyses the third last step in vindorosine and vindoline biosynthesis, and is associated with chlorophyll-containing fractions in partially purified enzyme preparations. The lack of vindoline accumulation in cell suspension cultures is correlated with the lack of expression of this enzyme activity as well as that of an acetyltransferase which catalyses the last step in vindoline biosynthesis. Neither fungal elicitor treatment of cell line #615 nor transfer to alkaloid production medium resulted in expression of these two enzyme activities, nor was either enzyme activity detected in photoautotrophic or hormone autotrophic cultures. Cell lines #200, 615–767 and 916 could not be induced to produce DAT or NMT enzyme activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00272782
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkaloid formation by habituated and tumorous cell suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus (1987)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 6 (1987), S. 271-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Habituated and tumorous Catharanthus roseus cells grown in the absence of hormones accumulated indole alkaloids. Total alkaloids and alkaloid pattern were the same when cells were cultured in medium without hormones or in alkaloid production medium with and without indole acetic acid. Treatment of cells with Pythium homogenate as elicitor did not increase total alkaloids or change the pattern of alkaloids produced. When either habituated or tumorous cells were grown in 1B5 medium after Gamborg et al (1968) containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), their capacity to accumulate alkaloids decreased with time. The levels of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) and strictosidine synthase (SS) specific activities were constant throughout growth except when cells were exposed to 2,4-D in 1B5 medium, where enzyme activities declined in step with the decrease in alkaloid accumulation. Neither habituated nor tumorous cell suspension cultures accumulated vindoline, nor could they be induced to produce this alkaloid by any of the given treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271996
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioreactors for surface-immobilized cells (1995)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 42 (1995), S. 81-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Adhesion ; bioreactor ; immobilization ; plant cell culture ; secondary metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Surface immobilization of plant cells avoids the problem of hydrodynamic or shear stress, which tends to be characteristic of suspended cells cultured in typical, mechanically agitated bioreactor systems. Surface immobilization also promotes the natural tendency for plant cells to aggregate, which may improve the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. In addition, exchange of medium is made simple in surface-immobilized systems, and extracellular secondary products are easily recovered on a continuous basis. However, problems related to regulation of the thickness of the immobilized cell layer, maintenance of the biomass in a productive condition, and vacuolar retention of secondary products have yet to be resolved satisfactorily. This review focusses on two surface-immobilization technologies, differing primarily in the nature and the configuration of the inert support. Prototypes of these designs have been applied to a variety of plant cell systems at bioreactor volumes up to 20 litres. Results obtained with several alternative technologies are also summarized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037685
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Greening and strictosidine lactam production in two cell lines of Vinca major cv. variegata (1987)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 8 (1987), S. 177-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: vinca major ; cell suspension ; culture ; chlorophyll content ; indole alkaloids ; strictosidine lactam
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two cell lines of Vinca major L. cv. variegata produced strictosidine lactam as the main alkaloid. Quantities varied from 500–1000 μg/g DW in the high-yielding line and 1–100 μg/g DW in the low-yielding line. Transfer of cells to alkaloid production medium resulted in a 6–8 fold increase in alkaloid production with the high-yielding line, some increase in the low-yielding line and in both lines induced intense greening (up to 200 μg chlorophyll/g DW) indicating chloroplast differentiation. Though in the source plant leaves are the main storage site, no correlation between alkaloid accumulation and chloroplast differentiation could be found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00043154
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