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  • PUFA  (1)
  • biogeography  (1)
  • Springer  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of soya phosphatidylcholine in tuna orbital oil enrichment emulsions for Artemia (1997)
    Springer
    Aquaculture international 5 (1997), S. 517-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: Artemia enrichment ; DHA (22:6w-3) ; DHA:EPA (20:5w-3) ; PUFA ; Soya PC ; Tuna orbital oil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Oil-seawater emulsions of 12%, 8%, 4% and 2% soya phosphatidylcholine (PC) in tuna orbital oil (TOO) (w:w) were tested with respect to their suitability as Artemia enrichment media. Levels of essential fatty acids (EFA) accumulated by feeding Artemia nauplii were measured after enrichment periods of 0, 14, 18 and 20 h, and the stability of polyunsaturated fatty acids levels in the emulsions were also monitored throughout the enrichment process. Artemia enrichment efficiency in terms of %DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6w-3) and DHA:EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5w-3) ratios were similar for all four types of emulsions (10-12% and 1.7-1.8, respectively). However, 8% and 12% soya PC/TOO emulsions yielded nauplii with slightly higher mean lipid contents than the other two treatments (235-243 and 217-229 mg lipid g-1 dry body weight, respectively). Stability of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels within the emulsions in seawater, and of DHA and EPA levels in particular, correlated with soya PC concentration. In 12% soya PC/TOO emulsions, PUFA levels remained high after 20 h enrichment whilst those in the 2% and 4% soya PC emulsions showed a marked reduction by 18 h enrichment time. It is suggested that soya PC may protect PUFA levels in the emulsions in a dose-dependent manner, probably by acting as an antioxidant. No significant improvement in Artemia total lipid content or DHA:EPA ratio occurred when enrichment was continued for longer than 18 h. When using this enrichment system, it is preferable, therefore, to employ the 12% soya PC/TOO emulsion and to terminate the enrichment process at 18 h, thus preventing the risk of PUFA levels deteriorating in the emulsion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018353232431
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biogeography of the genusArtemia (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Anostraca) in Spain (1994)
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 3 (1994), S. 175-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: Artemia ; biogeography ; hypersaline ecosystems ; Spanish populations ; adult morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract This is an updated study on the biogeographic distribution of the populations of the genusArtemia (Branchiopoda, Anostraca) in Spain, with special focus on populations inhabiting salt lagoons and inland salterns. The populations recorded (40) belong to the bisexual speciesA. tunisiana and to the asexual groupA. parthenogenetica (diploid and tetraploid strains). They usually appear in three different hypersaline ecosystems: solar salterns and lagoons filled with sea water, solar salterns and lagoons containing brines of diluted mineral salts, and lagoons filled with athalassic (endorheic) brines. The brines in salinas are chemically characterized by high Cl− concentrations, especially in inland salinas, whose brine sources are geologically associated with evaporitic formations developed in the Triassic and Lower Liassic of eastern Spain. Brines in athalassic lagoons, geologically associated with Mesozoic and Cenozoic periods, show higher levels of sulfate (up to 40–50%) as well as Mg2+. From a geographical point of view, bisexual and diploid asexual populations are mainly found in coastal and inland salinas or lagoons below 40° N, while asexual tetraploid populations are found in inland salinas and athalassic lagoons above that latitude. These populations have been biologically characterized by the morphology of their adults through multivariate analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01990493
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