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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental Policy, Tax Incidence, and the Cost of Public Funds (1999)
    Springer
    Environmental and resource economics 13 (1999), S. 187-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1502
    Keywords: cost of public funds ; double dividend ; environmental externalities ; pollution ; public abatement ; optimal taxation ; public goods ; tax incidence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper studies under what conditions a ‘double dividend’ may occur in the sense that both environmental quality and employment rise. A simple static general equilibrium model is employed in which tax policy faces the dual task of internalising a negative environmental externality and raising revenue to finance public consumption. The model features a clearing labour market with both labour demand and supply and a fixed factor of production (e.g. capital). Hence, we can study tax incidence and its effect on employment, environmental quality, and the marginal cost of public funds. It is shown for the case of an upward sloping labour supply curve and less than full tax shifting by employers that a shift towards greener preferences cannot yield a double dividend, even if the fixed factor is important. However, if labour supply curve bends backwards, more environmental concern confers a double dividend.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008258320732
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consequences of Environmental Tax Reform for Unemployment and Welfare (1998)
    Springer
    Environmental and resource economics 12 (1998), S. 137-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1502
    Keywords: double dividend ; environmental quality ; fixed factor ; involuntary unemployment ; labour tax ; optimal taxation ; pollution ; tax reform ; triple dividend ; JEL classification: E60, H21, Q3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate the welfare effects of environmental tax reform, i.e. raising environmental taxes and using the proceeds to reduce distortionary taxes on labour. The framework of analysis is a small open economy with involuntary unemployment due to a rigid consumer wage. Environmental tax reform boosts not only environmental quality but also employment if substitution between labour and resources is easy, the production share of the fixed factor is large, and the initial tax rates on resources and profits are small. If the initial tax system is sub-optimal with a negligible tax on resources, profits rise as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016040327622
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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