ALBERT

Notes: The in vivo and in vitro potency of native and modified forms of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) to release luteotropic hormone (LH) was studied in sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax in particular the hypothalamic fish-specific sea bream GnRH form (sbGnRH) and the general mesoencephalic form chicken GnRH-II (cGnRH-II). The potencies of the natives and their analogs (GnRHas) were referred to that of [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-mGnRHa (LHRHa) at equivalent doses. Analogs of the native peptides [D-Arg6, Pro9Net]-cGnRH-II, [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-cGnRH-II, [D-Trp6, Pro9Net]-sbGnRH and [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-sbGnRH were effective in inducing in vivo LH release (at 15 µg kg−1 body mass), exhibiting longer lasting activity than their corresponding native forms. Injection of sbGnRH and cGnRH-II provoked a small but significant peak of circulating LH at 1·5 h after treatment (a.t.) decreasing down to basal levels at 4 h a.t. [D-Arg6, Pro9Net]-cGnRH-II, [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-cGnRH-II and [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-mGnRHa evoked a higher and a more sustained elevation of LH, peaking at 12 h a.t. and returning to basal levels between 48 and 72 h a.t. [D-Trp6, Pro9Net]-sbGnRH and [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-sbGnRH also induced a significant surge of LH in plasma at 4 h a.t. turning to the basal levels at 24 h a.t. These rises, however, were of less amplitude and duration than the observed after treatment with cGnRH-II analogs and [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-mGnRHa. The in vitro stimulation of dispersed pituitary cells with the different native and modified forms of GnRH resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the quantity of LH released at 24 h a.t. [D-Arg6, Pro9Net]-cGnRH-II and [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-cGnRH-II induced the highest response of LH in vitro release followed by salmon GnRH (sGnRH), [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-mGnRHa and [D-Trp6, Pro9Net]-sbGnRH. The lowest activity was exhibited by sbGnRH. Collectively, the in vitro biological activity (compared by their EC50) can be ordered as follows: [D-Arg6, Pro9Net]-cGnRH-II 〉 [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-cGnRH-II 〉 sGnRH 〉 [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-mGnRHa 〉 [D-Trp6, Pro9Net]-sbGnRH 〉 [D-Ala6, Pro9Net]-sbGnRH 〉 cGnRH-II 〉 sbGnRH.