Publication Date:
2008-08-16
Description:
During synaptic vesicle fusion, the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein syntaxin-1 exhibits two conformations that both bind to Munc18-1: a "closed" conformation outside the SNARE complex and an "open" conformation in the SNARE complex. Although SNARE complexes containing open syntaxin-1 and Munc18-1 are essential for exocytosis, the function of closed syntaxin-1 is unknown. We generated knockin/knockout mice that expressed only open syntaxin-1B. Syntaxin-1B(Open) mice were viable but succumbed to generalized seizures at 2 to 3 months of age. Binding of Munc18-1 to syntaxin-1 was impaired in syntaxin-1B(Open) synapses, and the size of the readily releasable vesicle pool was decreased; however, the rate of synaptic vesicle fusion was dramatically enhanced. Thus, the closed conformation of syntaxin-1 gates the initiation of the synaptic vesicle fusion reaction, which is then mediated by SNARE-complex/Munc18-1 assemblies.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3235364/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3235364/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gerber, Stefan H -- Rah, Jong-Cheol -- Min, Sang-Won -- Liu, Xinran -- de Wit, Heidi -- Dulubova, Irina -- Meyer, Alexander C -- Rizo, Josep -- Arancillo, Marife -- Hammer, Robert E -- Verhage, Matthijs -- Rosenmund, Christian -- Sudhof, Thomas C -- NS051262/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS37200/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Sep 12;321(5895):1507-10. doi: 10.1126/science.1163174. Epub 2008 Aug 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18703708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Calcium/metabolism
;
Epilepsy/etiology
;
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials
;
Membrane Fusion
;
Mice
;
Mice, Knockout
;
Munc18 Proteins/metabolism
;
Mutation
;
Protein Conformation
;
Protein Structure, Tertiary
;
SNARE Proteins/metabolism
;
Sucrose/metabolism
;
Synapses/physiology
;
Synaptic Vesicles/*physiology/ultrastructure
;
Syntaxin 1/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
