Publication Date:
2004-11-20
Description:
Mobilization of fatty acids from triglyceride stores in adipose tissue requires lipolytic enzymes. Dysfunctional lipolysis affects energy homeostasis and may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance. Until now, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was the only enzyme known to hydrolyze triglycerides in mammalian adipose tissue. Here, we report that a second enzyme, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), catalyzes the initial step in triglyceride hydrolysis. It is interesting that ATGL contains a "patatin domain" common to plant acyl-hydrolases. ATGL is highly expressed in adipose tissue of mice and humans. It exhibits high substrate specificity for triacylglycerol and is associated with lipid droplets. Inhibition of ATGL markedly decreases total adipose acyl-hydrolase activity. Thus, ATGL and HSL coordinately catabolize stored triglycerides in adipose tissue of mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zimmermann, Robert -- Strauss, Juliane G -- Haemmerle, Guenter -- Schoiswohl, Gabriele -- Birner-Gruenberger, Ruth -- Riederer, Monika -- Lass, Achim -- Neuberger, Georg -- Eisenhaber, Frank -- Hermetter, Albin -- Zechner, Rudolf -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Nov 19;306(5700):1383-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15550674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
3T3-L1 Cells
;
Adipocytes/enzymology/*metabolism
;
Adipose Tissue/enzymology/*metabolism
;
Adipose Tissue, Brown/enzymology/metabolism
;
Amino Acid Sequence
;
Animals
;
COS Cells
;
Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism
;
Cytoplasm/enzymology
;
DNA, Complementary
;
Diglycerides/metabolism
;
Fatty Acids/metabolism
;
Gene Silencing
;
Glycerol/metabolism
;
Humans
;
Isoproterenol/pharmacology
;
*Lipid Mobilization
;
Lipolysis
;
Lipoprotein Lipase/chemistry/genetics/immunology/*metabolism
;
Mice
;
Molecular Sequence Data
;
Phosphorylation
;
Protein Structure, Tertiary
;
RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
;
Sterol Esterase/genetics/*metabolism
;
Substrate Specificity
;
Transfection
;
Triglycerides/metabolism
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
