Publication Date:
2018-07-17
Description:
Environmental issues have become an issue of recent interest due to climate change associated with increased levels of pollution and degradation of environmental quality as a result of increased human economic activity. This paper discusses the relationship between fossil fuel consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, and economic growth, the impacts of energy conservation, as well as the projection of energy mix in Indonesia by applying Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Granger causality, and Long-run Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP). Empirical results show that in the short-run there are unidirectional Granger causalities running from coal consumption to output (growth hypothesis) and from output to oil consumption (conservation hypothesis). However, in the long-run the results suggest unidirectional Granger causality only running from oil consumption to output and carbon emissions. The projection results show that the result of LEAP Projection based on National Master Plan for Energy Conservation (RIKEN) 2005 target has a lower energy saving rate (17.32 percent) compared to the Vision 25/25 target (18 percent). Keywords: Fossil Fuel Consumption; CO 2 Emission; Economic Growth. JEL Classifications: Q43; Q53; O44
Electronic ISSN:
2146-4553
Topics:
Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
,
Economics
