ALBERT

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: August 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Heliyon, Volume 5, Issue 8〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Godshelp Osas Egharevba, Omotayo O. Dosumu, Stephen O. Oguntoye, Ngaitad S. Njinga, Samuel Olatunde Dahunsi, A. Abdulmumeen Hamid, Ajay Anand, Zehra Amtul, Priyanka Ujjukuri〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉 〈h6〉Aims〈/h6〉 〈p〉Plant extracts have long been used for the ethnomedical treatment of diabetes, microbial infections and as a source of antioxidant. This study was aimed at investigating the antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extract of 〈em〉Tephrosia bracteolata〈/em〉 leaves (TBL) as associated with the ethnobotanical knowledge of the local people of Nigeria.〈/p〉 〈/div〉 〈div〉 〈h6〉Main methods〈/h6〉 〈p〉The phytochemical composition of the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of 〈em〉T. bracteolata〈/em〉 were determined following standard procedures in literature, and it's 〈em〉in vitro〈/em〉 inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase enzyme. 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS〈sup〉.+〈/sup〉) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH〈sup〉+〈/sup〉) antioxidant activities were also examined. Well diffusion method was employed in evaluating the antimicrobial property of the extracts.〈/p〉 〈/div〉 〈div〉 〈h6〉Key findings〈/h6〉 〈p〉The ethyl acetate extract of 〈em〉T. bracteolata〈/em〉 leaves had the greatest inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase, followed by the n-hexane with IC〈sub〉50〈/sub〉 43.95 μg/ml and IC〈sub〉50〈/sub〉 ˃50 μg/ml respectively. The ethyl acetate also exhibited significant DPPH〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 and ABTS〈sup〉.+〈/sup〉 antioxidant activity with IC〈sub〉50〈/sub〉 of 24.96 μg/ml and 6.48 μg/ml as compared to Ascorbic acid and Trolox (12.24 μg/ml and 5.91 μg/ml) respectively. The zones of inhibition of the ethyl acetate extract of 〈em〉T. bracteolata〈/em〉 leaves ranges from 10 – 25 mm at a concentration of 6.25–200 mg/ml, and it showed a greater antibacterial activity than the n-hexane extract, having a zone of inhibition from 10 – 20 mm at concentration of 12.5–200 mg/ml when compared to the standard Gentamycin. Similarly, the ethyl acetate extract of 〈em〉T. bracteolata〈/em〉 showed a better anti fungi activity at concentration range 12.5–200 mg/ml than the n-hexane extract at concentration range of 25–200 mg/ml with reference to Tioconazole. These results indicated for the first time that the ethyl acetate extract of 〈em〉T. bracteolata〈/em〉 leaves extracts exerted potent inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase, actively scavenge DPPH〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 and ABTS〈sup〉.+〈/sup〉 free radicals and successfully inhibits the proliferation of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganism.〈/p〉 〈/div〉 〈div〉 〈h6〉Significance〈/h6〉 〈p〉TBL is an important source of antidiabetic, antimicrobial and antioxidant agent.〈/p〉 〈/div〉 〈/div〉