ALBERT

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2019〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Environmental Research, Volume 168〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Cheng-Yang Hu, Yuan Fang, Feng-Li Li, Bao Dong, Xiao-Guo Hua, Wen Jiang, Heng Zhang, Yong Lyu, Xiu-Jun Zhang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Air pollution has been evaluated as a possible risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), but, the present results are inconsistent and have not been combined. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and PD, given the nature of disease etiology. A total of 10 studies were identified by searching Web of Science, Science Direct, and PubMed before October 2017. We found a significantly increased risk of PD with 10 parts per billion (ppb) increase in nitrogen oxides (NO〈sub〉x〈/sub〉) exposure (relative risk (RR) = 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.09). The pooled RR for the association between carbon monoxide (CO) exposure, 1 parts per million (ppm) increment, and the risk of PD was 1.65 (95% CI: 1.10, 2.48). The pooled RRs for the association between nitrogen dioxide (NO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉) and ozone (O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉) exposure per 1 ppb increment, and the risk of PD were 1.01 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.03) and 1.01 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.02), respectively. There was a significant heterogeneity in the meta-analysis for fine particulate matter (PM〈sub〉2.5〈/sub〉), NO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, sulfur dioxide (SO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉), and CO. We concluded that NO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, NO〈sub〉x〈/sub〉, CO and O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 exposure were associated with an increased risk of PD, although there is high risk of bias. The dose-response effects evaluated by high-quality studies are needed. Researches should be expanded to low- and/or middle- income countries where indoor and outdoor air pollution are high.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈div〉 〈h6〉Capsule〈/h6〉 〈p〉Long-term exposure to ambient NO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, NO〈sub〉x〈/sub〉, CO and O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 can increase the risk of Parkinson's disease.〈/p〉 〈/div〉