ALBERT

Beschreibung: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 December 2018〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Energy, Volume 165, Part A〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Victor Onyenkeadi, Suela Kellici, Basudeb Saha〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The synthesis of 1,2-butylene carbonate (BC) from cycloaddition reaction of 1,2-butylene oxide (BO) and carbon dioxide (CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉) was investigated using several heterogeneous catalysts in the absence of organic solvent. Continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (CHFS) has been employed as a rapid and cleaner route for the synthesis of a highly efficient graphene-inorganic heterogeneous catalyst, ceria-lanthana-zirconia/graphene nanocomposite, represented as Ce〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/sbnd"〉La〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/sbnd"〉Zr/GO. The heterogeneous catalysts have been characterised using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption (BET for measuring the surface area/pore size distribution). Ceria-lanthana-zirconia/graphene nanocomposite catalyst (Ce〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/sbnd"〉La〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/sbnd"〉Zr/GO) exhibited high catalytic activity as compared to other reported heterogeneous catalysts in the absence of any organic solvent with a selectivity of 76% and 64% yield of 1,2-butylene carbonate at the reaction conditions of 408 K, 75 bar in 20 h.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉