Publication Date:
2022-05-25
Description:
The composition and fluxes of volcanic gases released by persistent open-vent degassing at Bromo Volcano, east
Java (Indonesia), were characterised in September 2014 from both in-situ Multi-GAS analysis and remote spectroscopic
(dual UVcamera)measurements of volcanic plumeemissions. Our results demonstrate that Bromo volcanic
gas is water-rich (H2O/SO2 ratios of 56–160) and has CO2/SO2 (4.1 ± 0.7) and CO2/Stot (3.2 ± 0.7) ratios
within the compositional range of other high-temperature magma-derived gases in Indonesia. H2/H2O and
H2S/SO2 ratios constrain a magmatic gas source with minimal temperature of ~700 °C and oxygen fugacity of
10-17–10-18 bars. UV camera sensing on September 20 and 21, 2014 indicates a steady daily mean SO2 output
of 166 ± 38 t d−1, which is ten times higher than reported from few previous studies. Our results indicate that
Bromo ranks amongst the strongest sources of quiescent volcanic SO2 emission measured to date in Indonesia,
being comparable to Merapi volcano in central Java. By combining our results for the gas composition with the
SO2 plume flux, we assess for the first time the fluxes of H2O (4725 ± 2292 t d−1), CO2 (466 ± 83 t d−1), H2S
(25 ± 12 t d−1) and H2 (1.1 ± 0.8) from Bromo. Our study thus contributes a new piece of information to the
still limited data base for volcanic gas emissions in Indonesia, and confirms that much remain to be done to
fully assess the contribution of this very active arc region to global volcanic gas fluxes.
Description:
Published
Description:
206-213
Description:
2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
Description:
JCR Journal
Description:
restricted
Keywords:
Bromo volcano
;
Volcanic gases
;
SO2 and CO2 fluxes
;
Tengger Caldera
;
Eastern Java, Indonesia
;
Multi-GAS
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases
Repository Name:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Type:
article
