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  • Adult  (149)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (149)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1980-1984  (149)
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (149)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer  (2)
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Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1980-12-12
    Description: Two- to threefold variations in sleep length were observed in 12 subjects living on self-selected schedules in an environment free of time cues. The duration of polygraphically recorded sleep episodes was highly correlated with the circadian phase of the body temperature rhythm at bedtime and not with the length of prior wakefulness. Furthermore, the rate of REM (rapid eye movement) sleep accumulation , REM latency, bedtime selection, and self-rated alertness assessments were also correlated with the body temperature rhythm.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Czeisler, C A -- Weitzman, E d -- Moore-Ede, M C -- Zimmerman, J C -- Knauer, R S -- AG-00792/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- GM-07365/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MH-28460/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1264-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Body Temperature ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/physiology ; Wakefulness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1323-5, 1327-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Environment ; Female ; Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Twins/*psychology ; Twins, Monozygotic/*psychology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Olfactory sensitivity to acetic acid, isobutyric acid, and 2-sec-butyl-cyclohexanone was tested in 97 adult male twin pairs to determine the extent to which variation in odor perception was genetically determined. Analysis of the data revealed no evidence for heritability of olfactory sensitivity. However, factors significantly associated with odor perception included cigar, pipe, and cigarette smoking; body fatness; alcohol consumption; and diabetes mellitus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hubert, H B -- Fabsitz, R R -- Feinleib, M -- Brown, K S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):607-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Butyrates ; Cyclohexanones ; *Environment ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Sensory Thresholds ; Skinfold Thickness ; Smell/*physiology ; Smoking ; *Twins ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):475-6, 478-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anorexia Nervosa ; Female ; *Human Experimentation ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; Lithium ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Patient Selection ; *Research ; *Research Subjects ; Sleep ; United States ; Vomiting
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: Heroin-dependent men were given buprenorphine (a partial opiate agonist-antagonist) or a placebo under duoble-blind conditions on a clinical research ward where they could acquire heroin (21 to 40.5 milligrams per day, intravenously). Buprenorphine significantly (P less than .001) suppressed the self-administration of heroin over 10 days. Control subjects took between 93 and 100 percent of the available heroin. The effects of buprenorphine were dose-dependent; a dose of 8 milligrams per day reduced heroin use by 69 to 98 percent; a dose of 4 milligrams per day reduced heroin use by 45 percent. Termination of buprenorphie maintenance did not result in opiate withdrawal signs or symptoms. The subjects liked buprenorphine and indicated that it was preferable to methadone or naltrexone. Buprenorphine should be a safe and effective new pharmacotherapy for heroin dependence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mello, N K -- Mendelson, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):657-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352279" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Buprenorphine/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Heroin Dependence/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Morphinans/*therapeutic use ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/prevention & control ; Substance-Related Disorders/prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1980-12-05
    Description: The lead content in the air at the foothills of the Himalayas in Nepal was found to be negligible. The concentration of lead in the blood of 103 children and adults living in this region was found to average 3.4 micrograms per deciliter, a level substantially lower than that found in industrialized populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piomelli, S -- Corash, L -- Corash, M B -- Seaman, C -- Mushak, P -- Glover, B -- Padgett, R -- ES-01104/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES-26437/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 5;210(4474):1135-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Air Pollutants/*analysis ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; *Industry ; Lead/*blood ; Male ; Nepal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-06-13
    Description: Teacher interactions with hyperactive and comparison boys were observed during classroom activities. A double-blind, methylphenidate-placebo cross-over design was used within the hyperactive group. With no knowledge of any child's diagnosis or drug status, the teacher was more intense and controlling toward hyperactive boys taking placebo than toward either medicated hyperactive boys or comparison boys; her behavior did not differ toward the latter two groups. Discussion focused on the need to consider the broad social ramifications of pharmacologic treatment programs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whalen, C K -- Henker, B -- Dotemoto, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 13;208(4449):1280-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375940" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Behavior/drug effects ; Child ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis/*drug therapy ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Methylphenidate/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; *Teaching
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: Phonemically similar syllables, differing only by temporal acoustic cues, were presented dichotically to investigate temporal processing mechanisms in hemispheric specialization for speech. Reducing the rate of acoustic change within syllables while keeping their phonemic characteristics constant significantly decreased the characteristic asymmetry in processing speech.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, J -- Tallal, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1380-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Auditory Pathways/physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Linguistics ; Male ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: The ability to see spatial structures of a wide range of sizes was measured for two groups of observers (mean ages, 18 and 73 years). All observers had good visual acuity. Although older and younger observers did not differ in ability to see targets with fine structure (high spatial frequencies), older observers were only one-third as sensitive to targets with coarse structure (low spatial frequencies) as were younger observers or to changes in criterion. Older observers were also less able than younger observers to see moving targets. The reduced sensitivity of the older observers may adversely affect routine perceptual activities, such as face recognition and visually guided postural behavior, that depend upon low spatial frequencies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sekuler, R -- Hutman, L P -- Owsley, C J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1255-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Humans ; Motion Perception/physiology ; Size Perception/*physiology ; Space Perception/*physiology ; Visual Acuity
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: A new technique has been developed for identifying, in humans, dynamic spatiotemporal electrical patterns of the brain during purposive behaviors. In this method, single-trial time-series correlations between brain macropotentials recorded from different scalp sites are analyzed by distribution-independent mathematical pattern recognition. Dynamic patterns of correlation clearly distinguished two brief visuomotor tasks differing only in type of mental judgement required (spatial or numeric). These complex patterns shifted in the anterior-posterior and left-right axes between successive 175-millisecond intervals, indicating that many areas in both cerebral hemispheres were involved even in these simple judgements. These patterns were not obtainable by conventional analysis of averaged evoked potentials or by linear analysis of correlations, suggesting that the new technique will advance the study of human brain activity related to cognition and goal-directed behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gevins, A S -- Doyle, J C -- Cutillo, B A -- Schaffer, R E -- Tannehill, R S -- Ghannam, J H -- Gilcrease, V A -- Yeager, C L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):918-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; *Cognition ; Electroencephalography ; *Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 11
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Gender identity depends largely on postnatal environmental influences, while sex-dimorphic behavior and temperamental sex differences appear to be modified by prenatal sex hormones. A role of the prenatal endocrine milieu in the development of erotic partner preference, as in hetero-, homo-, or bisexual orientation, or of cognitive sex differences has not been conclusively demonstrated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ehrhardt, A A -- Meyer-Bahlburg, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1312-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/metabolism/psychology ; Adult ; Androgens/pharmacology ; Behavior/drug effects ; Child ; Cognition/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects ; Estrogens/pharmacology ; Female ; *Gender Identity ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*pharmacology ; Humans ; *Identification (Psychology) ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy ; Progestins/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Sexual Behavior/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 1981-09-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldberg, E -- Antin, S P -- Bilder, R M Jr -- Gerstman, L J -- Hughes, J E -- Mattis, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 18;213(4514):1392-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amnesia/etiology/*physiopathology ; Amnesia, Retrograde/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Mesencephalon/injuries/*physiopathology ; Skull Fractures/complications
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: Ten patients with multiple sclerosis who were treated with human fibroblast interferon (IFN-B) for 6 months showed a significant reduction in their exacerbation rates compared with their rates before treatment (P 〈 .01). The IFN-B was administered intrathecally by serial lumbar punctures. There was no significant change in the exacerbation rates of ten multiple sclerosis control patients before and during the period of observation. The IFN-B recipients have now been on the study a mean of 1.5 years, the controls, 1.2 years. The clinical condition of five of the IFN-B recipients and one of the control patients has improved, whereas the condition of five of the controls and one of the IFN-B recipients has deteriorated (P 〈 .036). These findings warrant cautious optimism about the efficacy of intrathecal IFN-B in altering the course of multiple sclerosis and support concepts of a viral or dysimmune etiology of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacobs, L -- O'Malley, J -- Freeman, A -- Ekes, R -- CA-18533/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1026-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6171035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Interferons/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Multiple Sclerosis/*drug therapy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Sensory and cognitive functions were assessed in a right-handed male before and after partial and complete callosal commissurotomy. After the initial posterior section was made, there was no evidence of interhemispheric sensory transfer, although the left hemisphere did have access to stimulus-related semantic and episodic information from the right hemisphere. After the callosum was completely sectioned, this exchange was no longer observed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sidtis, J J -- Volpe, B T -- Holtzman, J D -- Wilson, D H -- Gazzaniga, M S -- 2 R01 NS15053-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR001-02/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):344-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6782673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cognition/*physiology ; Cognition Disorders/*physiopathology ; Corpus Callosum/*physiology/surgery ; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic/surgery ; Humans ; Language Disorders/*physiopathology ; Male ; Methods ; Perception/physiology ; Perceptual Disorders/*physiopathology ; Postoperative Complications/physiopathology ; Sensation/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wade, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):24-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6259731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *DNA, Recombinant ; *Ethics Committees, Research ; *Ethics, Medical ; Federal Government ; Female ; *Genetic Engineering/history ; Genetic Vectors ; Globins/genetics ; Government Regulation ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Israel ; Plasmids ; Thalassemia/*therapy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 1981-02-06
    Description: Arginine vasopressin and a number of its synthetic analogs augment memory functions in experimental animals. One of these analogs, 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP), influences human learning and memory. Cognitively unimpaired, as well as cognitively impaired adults, treated with DDAVP for a period of several days, learn information more effectively, as measured by the completeness, organization, and consistency (reliability) of recall. DDAVP also appears to reverse partially the retrograde amnesia that follows electroconvulsive treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weingartner, H -- Gold, P -- Ballenger, J C -- Smallberg, S A -- Summers, R -- Rubinow, D R -- Post, R M -- Goodwin, F K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):601-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455701" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arginine Vasopressin/*pharmacology ; Cognition/drug effects ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin/pharmacology ; Depression/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Learning/*drug effects ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Middle Aged
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: The cumulative effects of a repetitive stress induced by anticipation of pain (noxious foot shock) were studied on the threshold of a nociceptive flexion reflex of the lower limb. The threshold of the nociceptive reflex progressively increased with the repetition of the stress. This effect was reversed by naloxone, which even produced hyperalgesia, since a rapid and significant decrease in this threshold, below the initial values, was noted. Tha data provide evidence for involvement of endogenous opioids in the phenomenon of stress-induced analgesia in normal man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willer, J C -- Dehen, H -- Cambier, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):689-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6261330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Receptors, Opioid/*physiology ; Reflex/drug effects ; Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1295-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6183747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy ; Azacitidine/therapeutic use ; Fetal Hemoglobin/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Hemoglobin, Sickle/biosynthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Thalassemia/therapy
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: The timing of two event-related potential components was differentially affected by two experimental variables. The earlier component (NA) was affected by degradation of the stimuli and the later component (N2) by the nature of a classification task. The results support the hypothesis that NA and N2 reflect sequential stages of information processing, namely, pattern recognition and stimulus classification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ritter, W -- Simson, R -- Vaughan, H G Jr -- Macht, M -- HD 10804/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- IF32 AGO-5193/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH 06723/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):909-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition/*physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Information Theory ; Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 20
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: Increases with aging in subperiosteal dimensions and second moments of area (measures of bending and torsional rigidity) in femoral and tibial cross sections are documented in an archeological sample from the American Southwest. Significant differences between cross-sectional sites and between sexes in the pattern of cortical remodeling with age are also present. These differences appear to be related to variations in the stress or strain levels in different regions of the femur and tibia which result from in vivo mechanical loadings of the lower limb.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruff, C B -- Hayes, W C -- AM00749/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26740/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):945-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Aging ; Bone Development ; Female ; Femur/*physiology ; Fractures, Bone/etiology ; Growth ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periosteum/*physiology ; Physical Exertion ; Sex Characteristics ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tibia/*physiology
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: Prompt and long-term closure of full-thickness skin wounds is guinea pigs and humans is achieved by applying a bilayer polymeric membrane. The membrane comprises a top layer of a silicone elastomer and a bottom layer of a porous cross-linked network of collagen and glycosaminoglycan. The bottom layer can be seeded with a small number of autologous basal cells before grafting. No immunosuppression is used and infection, exudation, and rejection are absent. Host tissue utilizes the sterile membrane as a culture medium to synthesize neoepidermal and neodermal tissue. A functional extension of skin over the entire wound area is formed in about 4 weeks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yannas, I V -- Burke, J F -- Orgill, D P -- Skrabut, E M -- GM 21700/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 23946/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 14322/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7031899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Burns/*therapy ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Collagen/therapeutic use ; Female ; Glycosaminoglycans/therapeutic use ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicone Elastomers/therapeutic use ; *Skin Transplantation ; *Wound Healing
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-10-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉HD-12572/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH-00318/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 7;222(4619):74-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623059" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Age Factors ; Child, Preschool ; *Eye Movements ; Humans ; Research Design
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 1983-05-20
    Description: The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by T-lymphocyte dysfunction and is frequently accompanied by opportunistic infections and Kaposi's sarcoma. Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) is associated with T-cell malignancies and can transform T lymphocytes in vitro. In an attempt to find evidence of HTLV infection in patients with AIDS, DNA from samples of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 33 AIDS patients was analyzed by Southern blot-hybridization with a radiolabeled cloned HTLV DNA probe. Analysis of DNA from both the fresh (uncultured) lymphocytes and from T cells cultured with T-cell growth factor revealed the presence of integrated HTLV proviral sequences in lymphocytes from two of the patients, both of whom had antibody to HTLV. The proviral sequences could not be detected in blood samples obtained from these individuals at a later date, consistent with the possibility that the population of infected cells had become depleted.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gelmann, E P -- Popovic, M -- Blayney, D -- Masur, H -- Sidhu, G -- Stahl, R E -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):862-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6601822" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/etiology/immunology/*microbiology ; Adult ; Animals ; Cats ; DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Retroviridae/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/analysis/microbiology ; Tumor Virus Infections/complications/*microbiology
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: The eye movements of human subjects were experimentally modified while they were awake to determine the effect of waking experience on electroculographic activity during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. After normal eye movements were monitored under controlled conditions, subjects spent 5 days wearing goggles that contained minification lenses and that curtailed vision to a 5 degree field. The amplitude and frequency of eye movements decreased when subjects were awake and increased during REM sleep; sleep stage durations and distributions were unaffected. Values returned to normal in the first 24 hours of recovery.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herman, J H -- Roffwarg, H P -- MH 3414/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1074-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6844929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Electrooculography ; *Eye Movements ; Humans ; Oculomotor Muscles/physiology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology ; Wakefulness/*physiology
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: The tissue culture condition that is required for the type of chromosome breakage seen at most fragile sites, namely, the absence of folic acid and thymidine in the medium, greatly enhanced micronucleus formation in proliferating lymphocyte cultures from normal individuals. This suggests that chromosome breakage at fragile sites and the apparently spontaneous damage that gives rise to micronuclei are controlled by the same mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacky, P B -- Beek, B -- Sutherland, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):69-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Nucleus/drug effects/ultrastructure ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Fragile Sites ; *Chromosome Fragility ; Culture Media ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Folic Acid/pharmacology ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/ultrastructure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thymidine/pharmacology
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  • 26
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Glucose given to the newborn human may result in hyperglycemia, suggesting that its utilization is impaired at this developmental stage. Galactose is thought to be a more appropriate carbohydrate source for the newborn. The enzymes involved in hexose phosphorylation may, in part, be responsible for these observations. A key regulatory enzyme of hepatic glucose assimilation, glucokinase, is diminished in newborns compared to adults, whereas galactokinase activity is increased. When newborn dogs were fasted and then fed either glucose or galactose, their plasma insulin responses to glucose were similar, but the pups fed galactose demonstrated an attenuated systemic appearance rate of glucose. Hexose incorporation into hepatic glycogen and net glycogen synthesis was augmented in the galactose-fed dogs. In vitro, liver from neonatal dogs showed enhanced galactokinase activity relative to that for hexokinase or glucokinase. Neonatal hexose assimilation may be independent of insulin action and, instead, be related to the developmental presence of hexose phosphorylating enzymes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kliegman, R M -- Miettinen, E L -- Morton, S -- HD05740/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):302-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/metabolism ; *Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Dogs ; Galactokinase/*physiology ; Galactose/metabolism ; Galactosemias ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver/enzymology ; Liver Glycogen/biosynthesis ; Phosphorylation ; Rats
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: A substitution of alanine for valine at position 126 in the beta-chain of hemoglobin was discovered in a hematologically normal adult male of Lebanese extraction. The variant beta-globin was initially observed and subsequently purified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Reverse-phase HPLC was also used to isolate the variant tryptic peptide of beta-T13 that has alanine replacing valine at residue 126. The discovery of hemoglobin Beirut illustrates the usefulness of reverse-phase HPLC for the detection of neutral amino acid substitutions in proteins. The ability to detect neutral substitutions in undigested proteins is pertinent to the monitoring of genetic variation in human populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Strahler, J R -- Rosenbloom, B B -- Hanash, S M -- R01-HL25541/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):860-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Humans ; Isoelectric Point ; Macromolecular Substances ; Male
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 1983-07-29
    Description: Subjects treated with low or high doses of ethanol demonstrated impaired memory, particularly in tests involving the recall of poorly learned information. Zimelidine, an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake, reversed this ethanol-induced impairment. The serotonin neurotransmitter system may mediate learning and memory in humans and may determine some of the effects of alcohol on higher mental functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weingartner, H -- Rudorfer, M V -- Buchsbaum, M S -- Linnoila, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):472-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6223371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brompheniramine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Ethanol/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Learning/drug effects ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Memory Disorders/*chemically induced ; Mental Recall/drug effects ; Serotonin/*physiology ; Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology ; Zimeldine
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  • 29
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-09-28
    Description: Recent neurophysiological findings have demonstrated that abstinent chronic alcoholics manifest deficits in event-related brain potentials. To explore possible biological antecedents of alcoholism the present study examined boys at high risk for alcoholism. Event-related brain potentials were recorded from biological sons of alcoholic fathers and matched control boys. Differences in the P3 component of the potentials were obtained between the high-risk and control subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Begleiter, H -- Porjesz, B -- Bihari, B -- Kissin, B -- AA 05524/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 28;225(4669):1493-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Alcoholism/*genetics/physiopathology ; Analysis of Variance ; Brain/*physiopathology ; Child ; Evoked Potentials ; Fathers ; Humans ; Male ; Memory Disorders/etiology ; Risk
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: The compound 2-phenylethylamine is an "endogenous amphetamine" which may modulate central adrenergic functions. 2-Phenylethylamine is mainly metabolized by monoamine oxidase to form phenyl acetate (PAA). The 24-hour urinary excretion of PAA was measured in normal healthy volunteers and depressed patients. Patients were diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, edition 3. In 70 percent of healthy volunteers of both sexes, the excretion of PAA ranged between 70 and 175 milligrams per 24 hours (mean = 141.1 +/- 10.2). Inpatients with major depressive disorder (unipolar type) (N = 31) excreted less PAA (68.7 +/- 7.0 milligrams per 24 hours) and 55 percent of them excreted less than 70 milligrams per 24 hours; there were no significant differences in the PAA excretion between untreated patients (N = 13) and those treated with antidepressants that were not effective (N = 18). The PAA excretion was reduced to a lesser extent in 35 less severely depressed unipolar outpatients (drug-free for 1 week) (86.3 +/- 11.8 milligrams per 24 hours). These results suggest that low PAA urinary excretion may be a reliable state marker for the diagnosis of some forms of unipolar major depressive disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sabelli, H C -- Fawcett, J -- Gusovsky, F -- Javaid, J -- Edwards, J -- Jeffriess, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1187-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857245" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Depressive Disorder/*diagnosis/urine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenethylamines/metabolism/physiology ; Phenylacetates/*urine
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  • 31
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Although official efforts to control air pollution have traditionally focused on outdoor air, it is now apparent that elevated contaminant concentrations are common inside some private and public buildings. Concerns about potential public health problems due to indoor air pollution are based on evidence that urban residents typically spend more than 90 percent of their time indoors, concentrations of some contaminants are higher indoors than outdoors, and for some pollutants personal exposures are not characterized adequately by outdoor measurements. Among the more important indoor contaminants associated with health or irritation effects are passive tobacco smoke, radon decay products, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, asbestos fibers, microorganisms, and aeroallergens. Efforts to assess health risks associated with indoor air pollution are limited by insufficient information about the number of people exposed, the pattern and severity of exposures, and the health consequences of exposures. An overall strategy should be developed to investigate indoor exposures, health effects, control options, and public policy alternatives.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spengler, J D -- Sexton, K -- ES-01108/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):9-17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Air Microbiology ; Air Pollution/*adverse effects/prevention & control ; Air Pollution, Radioactive/adverse effects ; Asbestos/adverse effects ; Carbon Monoxide/adverse effects ; Child ; Construction Materials/adverse effects ; Formaldehyde/adverse effects ; Fuel Oils/adverse effects ; Household Articles ; Humans ; Public Policy ; Radon/adverse effects ; Smoke/adverse effects ; Smoking ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects ; Ventilation
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 1983-03-18
    Description: Flow cytometry revealed that, in the presence of tritiated thymidine, a greater percentage of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes from old human donors were arrested in the G2 or M phase than were cells from young donors. Furthermore, lymphocytes from old donors showed significantly more chromosomal damage than did lymphocytes from young donors. Lymphocyte cultures from old or young donors not exposed to tritiated thymidine had the same percentage of cycling lymphocytes in G2 or M, although the number of lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin to enter the cell cycle was significantly lower in cultures from old donors. Thus, the impaired incorporation of tritiated thymidine by phytohemagglutinin-exposed lymphocytes from old humans reflects both an impaired proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin and an increased sensitivity to the radiobiological effects of tritiated thymidine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Staiano-Coico, L -- Darzynkiewicz, Z -- Hefton, J M -- Dutkowski, R -- Darlington, G J -- Weksler, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 18;219(4590):1335-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Cell Cycle/*radiation effects ; Chromosomes/*radiation effects/ultrastructure ; DNA Repair/radiation effects ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thymidine/adverse effects ; Tritium
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 1984-12-21
    Description: Smell identification ability was measured in 1955 persons ranging in age from 5 to 99 years. On the average, women outperformed men at all ages, and nonsmokers outperformed smokers. Peak performance occurred in the third through fifth decades and declined markedly after the seventh. More than half of those 65 to 80 years old evidenced major olfactory impairment. After 80 years, more than three-quarters evidenced major impairment. Given these findings, it is not surprising that many elderly persons complain that food lacks flavor and that the elderly account for a disproportionate number of accidental gas poisoning cases each year.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Doty, R L -- Shaman, P -- Applebaum, S L -- Giberson, R -- Siksorski, L -- Rosenberg, L -- NS 16265/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 21;226(4681):1441-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505700" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensory Thresholds ; Sex Factors ; Smell/*physiology ; Smoking
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 1984-03-30
    Description: Coronary arteries from hearts of cardiac patients contain significantly higher concentrations of histamine than do those from noncardiac patients. The coronary vessels of cardiac patients are also hyperresponsive to histamine and serotonin. These differences between groups of patients suggest an explanation for coronary artery spasm in heart disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalsner, S -- Richards, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 30;223(4643):1435-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6701530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Arteriosclerosis/physiopathology ; Catecholamines/analysis ; Cattle ; Coronary Vasospasm/*physiopathology ; Coronary Vessels/analysis/drug effects/*physiopathology ; Female ; Histamine/*analysis/pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Serotonin/analysis/pharmacology
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 1984-05-04
    Description: Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with signs or symptoms that frequently precede AIDS (pre-AIDS) were grown in vitro with added T-cell growth factor and assayed for the expression and release of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV). Retroviruses belonging to the HTLV family and collectively designated HTLV-III were isolated from a total of 48 subjects including 18 of 21 patients wih pre-AIDS, three of four clinically normal mothers of juveniles with AIDS, 26 of 72 adult and juvenile patients with AIDS, and from one of 22 normal male homosexual subjects. No HTLV-III was detected in or isolated from 115 normal heterosexual subjects. The number of HTLV-III isolates reported here underestimates the true prevalence of the virus since many specimens were received in unsatisfactory condition. Other data show that serum samples from a high proportion of AIDS patients contain antibodies to HTLV-III. That these new isolates are members of the HTLV family but differ from the previous isolates known as HTLV-I and HTLV-II is indicated by their morphological, biological, and immunological characteristics. These results and those reported elsewhere in this issue suggest that HTLV-III may be the primary cause of AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallo, R C -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Popovic, M -- Shearer, G M -- Kaplan, M -- Haynes, B F -- Palker, T J -- Redfield, R -- Oleske, J -- Safai, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):500-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood/*microbiology ; Adult ; Antigens, Viral/analysis ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/*isolation & purification/physiology/ultrastructure ; Female ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Immune Sera/pharmacology ; Interferon Type I/immunology ; Male ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Risk ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 1984-11-16
    Description: Clonidine, an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, significantly reduces opiate withdrawal. Fifteen heavy smokers abstained from cigarettes on three separate occasions and received instead clonidine, placebo, or the benzodiazepine alprazolam. Clonidine and alprazolam diminished withdrawal symptoms. The two drugs suppressed anxiety, tension, irritability, and restlessness equally but clonidine had a greater effect than alprazolam on cigarette craving. These observations suggest that noradrenergic activity is a common feature in the pathophysiology of withdrawal and that a special relationship exists between central noradrenergic activity and craving.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glassman, A H -- Jackson, W K -- Walsh, B T -- Roose, S P -- Rosenfeld, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 16;226(4676):864-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6387913" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Alprazolam ; Anxiety/drug therapy ; Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Clonidine/*therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Smoking ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*drug therapy
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  • 37
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-01-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 27;223(4634):381-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6362006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cholesterol/*blood ; Cholesterol, Dietary ; Cholestyramine Resin/*therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Double-Blind Method ; Heart Diseases/etiology/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/complications/drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 1984-06-29
    Description: Human T lymphocytes transformed by human T cell leukemia-lymphoma viruses or activated by lectins were found to produce stimulating factors that promoted both proliferation and maturation of oligodendroglial and astroglial cells in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merrill, J E -- Kutsunai, S -- Mohlstrom, C -- Hofman, F -- Groopman, J -- Golde, D W -- CA 30388/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 32737/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 29;224(4656):1428-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6610212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Astrocytes/*drug effects ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Growth Substances/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphokines/pharmacology ; Neuroglia/*drug effects ; Oligodendroglia/*drug effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Fc/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 1984-12-14
    Description: The possibility that hypersecretion of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) contributes to the hyperactivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis observed in patients with major depression was investigated by measuring the concentration of this peptide in cerebrospinal fluid of normal healthy volunteers and in drug-free patients with DSM-III diagnoses of major depression, schizophrenia, or dementia. When compared to the controls and the other diagnostic groups, the patients with major depression showed significantly increased cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of CRF-like immunoreactivity; in 11 of the 23 depressed patients this immunoreactivity was greater than the highest value in the normal controls. These findings are concordant with the hypothesis that CRF hypersecretion is, at least in part, responsible for the hyperactivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis characteristic of major depression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nemeroff, C B -- Widerlov, E -- Bissette, G -- Walleus, H -- Karlsson, I -- Eklund, K -- Kilts, C D -- Loosen, P T -- Vale, W -- MH-36157/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-39415/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 14;226(4680):1342-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6334362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Dementia/cerebrospinal fluid ; Depressive Disorder/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay ; Schizophrenia/cerebrospinal fluid
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Schizophrenic patients with high ventricle brain ratios and cortical brain atrophy, as shown by computerized tomography, had decreased spinal fluid concentrations of homovanillic acid and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity. These decreased cerebral spinal fluid concentrations in patients with brain atrophy support the proposal of disturbed noradrenaline and dopamine neurotransmission in a subgroup of schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van Kammen, D P -- Mann, L S -- Sternberg, D E -- Scheinin, M -- Ninan, P T -- Marder, S R -- van Kammen, W B -- Rieder, R O -- Linnoila, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):974-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6133351" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects ; Atrophy ; Brain/metabolism/*pathology ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Homovanillic Acid/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phenylacetates/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Rats ; Schizophrenia/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 1984-09-28
    Description: Antibodies specific for human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) were demonstrated in serum samples from various groups of people in South Africa, Uganda, Ghana, Nigeria, Tunisia, and Egypt. The samples had been collected for other purposes and were presumably selected without bias toward clinical conditions associated with HTLV infections. Regional differences in antibody positivity were observed, indicating widely distributed loci of occurrence of HTLV on the African continent in people of both black and white ancestry. Two patients with high titers of antibody to HTLV-I had some signs of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. In several groups a high frequency of false positive serum reactions was indicated when specific confirmation steps were included in the assay. Further characterization of these sera revealed highly elevated immunoglobulin levels, possibly due to polyclonal activation of immunoglobulin synthesis in these subjects. The possibility that related cross-reactive human retroviruses coexist in the same groups was not eliminated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saxinger, W -- Blattner, W A -- Levine, P H -- Clark, J -- Biggar, R -- Hoh, M -- Moghissi, J -- Jacobs, P -- Wilson, L -- Jacobson, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 28;225(4669):1473-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089348" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Africa ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology ; Cross Reactions ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retroviridae/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 1984-06-15
    Description: Normal sleepers underwent sleep recordings and daytime tests of sleep tendency, performance, and mood while being shifted 180 degrees in their sleep-wake schedule. After two baseline 24-hour periods, subjects postponed sleep until noon. For the next three 24-hour periods, they were in bed from 1200 to 2000 and received triazolam, flurazepam, or placebo at bedtime in parallel groups. Placebo subjects showed significant sleep loss after the shift. Active medication reversed this sleep loss. Despite good sleep, flurazepam subjects appeared most impaired of the three groups on objective assessments of waking function; triazolam subjects were least impaired.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seidel, W F -- Roth, T -- Roehrs, T -- Zorick, F -- Dement, W C -- NIMH 05804/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 15;224(4654):1262-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6729454" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arousal/drug effects ; Benzodiazepines/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Emotions/drug effects ; Female ; Flurazepam/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Sleep/drug effects ; Sleep Wake Disorders/*drug therapy ; Triazolam/pharmacology/therapeutic use
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 1984-05-04
    Description: In cats, infection with T-lymphotropic retroviruses can cause T-cell proliferation and leukemia or T-cell depletion and immunosuppression. In humans, some highly T4 tropic retroviruses called HTLV-I can cause T-cell proliferation and leukemia. The subgroup HTLV-II also induces T-cell proliferation in vitro, but its role in disease is unclear. Viruses of a third subgroup of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses, collectively designated HTLV-III, have been isolated from cultured cells of 48 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The biological properties of HTLV-III and immunological analyses of its proteins show that this virus is a member of the HTLV family, and that it is more closely related to HTLV-II than to HTLV-I. Serum samples from 88 percent of patients with AIDS and from 79 percent of homosexual men with signs and symptoms that frequently precede AIDS, but from less than 1 percent of heterosexual subjects, have antibodies reactive against antigens of HTLV-III. The major immune reactivity appears to be directed against p41, the presumed envelope antigen of the virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sarngadharan, M G -- Popovic, M -- Bruch, L -- Schupbach, J -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):506-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6324345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology/microbiology ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Child, Preschool ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/immunology ; Substance-Related Disorders ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 1984-06-08
    Description: A domain of DNA designated N-myc is amplified 20- to 140-fold in human neuroblastoma cell lines but not in cell lines from other tumor types. N-myc has now been found to be amplified in neuroblastoma tissue from 24 of 63 untreated patients (38 percent). The extent of amplification appears to be bimodal, with amplification of 100- to 300-fold in 12 cases and 3- to 10-fold in 10 others. Amplification was found in 0 of 15 patients with stage 1 or 2 disease, whereas 24 of 48 cases (50 percent) with stage 3 or 4 had evidence of N-myc amplification. These data indicate that N-myc amplification is a common event in untreated human neuroblastomas. Furthermore, N-myc amplification is highly correlated with advanced stages of disease (P less than 0.001) and with the ability to grow in vitro as an established cell line, both of which are associated with a poor prognosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brodeur, G M -- Seeger, R C -- Schwab, M -- Varmus, H E -- Bishop, J M -- CA02971/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA13539/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA17829/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1121-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cell Line ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Eye Neoplasms/genetics ; *Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neuroblastoma/*genetics/physiopathology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Prognosis ; Retinoblastoma/genetics
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: The cerebral metabolic rate for glucose, as measured with positron emission tomography and fluorine-18-labeled 2-deoxy-D-glucose, was significantly higher in four healthy young subjects with trisomy 21 syndrome (Down's syndrome) than the mean rate in healthy young controls. The rate of cerebral glucose utilization in the frontal lobe of a 51-year-old subject with Down's syndrome was significantly lower than the rate in the young subjects with this syndrome, but approximated the rate in middle-aged controls. Thus glucose utilization by the brain appears to be excessive in young adults with Down's syndrome but may decline with age in some brain regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, M -- Duara, R -- Haxby, J -- Grady, C -- White, B J -- Kessler, R M -- Kay, A D -- Cutler, N R -- Rapoport, S I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):781-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6224294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Age Factors ; Brain/*physiopathology ; Dementia/etiology ; Down Syndrome/complications/*physiopathology ; Female ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
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  • 46
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-10-26
    Description: A protein (27,000 molecular weight) was previously found in rat Leydig cells after treatment with estradiol (E2) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in vitro. The effect of hCG occurred through increased E2 production. This hormone-regulated rat testicular protein was compared to an estrogen-regulated protein of similar physical characteristics isolated from a human mammary cancer cell line (MCF-7) and present in normal human estrogen target organs. The Leydig cells from rat and human tissue showed specific immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining in the cytoplasm upon incubation with a monoclonal antibody (C11) to the estrogen-regulated protein from MCF-7 cells. Leydig cells after exposure to E2 or hCG showed the highest fluorescence intensity; this intensity was reduced by treatment with Tamoxifen. No reaction was associated with other testicular cells. The estrogen-regulated protein from human cell lines is therefore immunologically similar to that from the rat Leydig cell. The monoclonal antibody should be useful for further characterization of the Leydig cell protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciocca, D R -- Dufau, M L -- CA 11378/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 26;226(4673):445-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6387908" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Cross Reactions ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Leydig Cells/*analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proteins/*analysis ; Rats
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for the development of pulmonary emphysema, a disorder that may result from an imbalance between the elastase and antielastase levels in the lungs. Decreased functional alpha 1-protease inhibitor, an inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, might render smokers susceptible to elastase-catalyzed destruction of pulmonary elastic fibers and the development of emphysema. Binding and inactivation of isotopically labeled porcine pancreatic elastase and human neutrophil elastase by alpha 1-protease inhibitor were measured in fluid obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage of volunteers. The inhibition of elastase-catalyzed solubilization of elastin and a tripeptide substrate were also determined. The mean level of functional alpha 1-protease inhibitor in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of smokers was found to be equal to or greater than that of nonsmokers, contradicting reports by other investigators. Increased elastase derived from pulmonary neutrophils, rather than decreased functional alpha 1-protease inhibitor, appears to be the main factor in the genesis of emphysema in smokers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, P J -- Calore, J D -- McGowan, S E -- Bernardo, J -- Snider, G L -- Franzblau, C -- HL-19717/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-25229/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1187-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Bronchi/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Neutrophils/metabolism ; Protease Inhibitors/*metabolism ; Pulmonary Alveoli/*metabolism ; *Smoking
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  • 48
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-06-01
    Description: A method developed for quantifying respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during voluntary cardiorespiratory synchronization relies on computer-assisted rhythmometric cosinor analysis of instantaneous heart rate data. The RSA was present in all subjects tested, even those at advanced ages. The amplitude of the RSA falls approximately 10 percent per decade. An individual with a transplanted heart and one with severe diabetic neuropathy each had resting RSA values that were normal for their ages. The shape and amplitude of the RSA during voluntary cardiorespiratory synchronization may reflect the suppleness of the heart and its response to rhythmically changing intrathoracic pressure and the subsequent ebb-and-flow of venous return. Our technology allows objective quantitative assessment of the biologic age of the heart and also the effect of any drug, disease, or behavior that affects the RSA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hrushesky, W J -- Fader, D -- Schmitt, O -- Gilbertsen, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 1;224(4652):1001-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6372092" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Arrhythmia, Sinus/*physiopathology ; Compliance ; Diabetic Neuropathies/physiopathology ; Female ; Heart/*physiology/physiopathology ; Heart Rate ; Heart Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Microcomputers ; Middle Aged ; *Respiration
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 1984-07-06
    Description: A retrovirus isolated from three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States was morphologically and antigenically identical to lymphadenopathy associated virus isolated in France. Two of these isolates were from a blood donor-recipient pair, each of whom developed AIDS. Lymphadenopathy associated virus was isolated from the blood donor's lymphocytes 12 months after his onset of AIDS symptoms and from the blood recipient's lymphocytes 1 month after her onset of AIDS symptoms. Two isolates from the blood donor-recipient pair and an isolate from an epidemiologically unrelated homosexual man were examined by competitive radioimmunoassay to determine their antigenic relatedness to each other and to other human retroviruses. The major core proteins (p25) of the isolates were antigenically identical and all three isolates were identical to prototype lymphadenopathy associated virus isolated in France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feorino, P M -- Kalyanaraman, V S -- Haverkos, H W -- Cabradilla, C D -- Warfield, D T -- Jaffe, H W -- Harrison, A K -- Gottlieb, M S -- Goldfinger, D -- Chermann, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 6;225(4657):69-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology/transmission ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; *Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion/adverse effects ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; Retroviridae Infections/*immunology
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 1984-06-01
    Description: Beta-Endorphin-like immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid was assayed in 11 patients receiving electrical stimulation of the brain for chronic pain. Immunoreactivity increased dramatically after contrast ventriculography prior to stimulation. No further elevations were observed after stimulation. The magnitude and time course of elevations were identical after placement of electrodes either in the thalamus or in the periventricular gray matter. These results suggest that previous findings of stimulation-induced elevation of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid are attributable to an artifact of contrast ventriculography.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fessler, R G -- Brown, F D -- Rachlin, J R -- Mullan, S -- Fang, V S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 1;224(4652):1017-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6326266" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; *Cerebral Ventriculography ; Contrast Media ; *Electronarcosis ; Endorphins/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain/physiopathology ; Pain Management ; Radioimmunoassay ; beta-Endorphin
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 1984-10-26
    Description: Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) is the probable etiologic agent for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). HTLV-III was isolated from semen and blood of a healthy homosexual man whose serum contains antibodies to HTLV-III. The finding of virus in semen supports epidemiologic data that suggest that AIDS can be transmitted sexually. In addition, the demonstration of HTLV-III in the blood and semen of a healthy individual establishes an asymptomatic, virus-positive carrier state which may be important in the dissemination of HTLV-III and, consequently, AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ho, D D -- Schooley, R T -- Rota, T R -- Kaplan, J C -- Flynn, T -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Gonda, M A -- Hirsch, M S -- CA 12464/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 35020/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 37461/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 26;226(4673):451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6208608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Blood/*microbiology ; Carrier State ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/*isolation & purification ; *Homosexuality ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/analysis ; Semen/*microbiology
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 1984-03-23
    Description: An assay for antibodies to membrane antigens of cells infected by human T-cell leukemia virus was used to examine serum from persons who donated blood to 12 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated with blood transfusions. The occurrence of positive results in the assay was significantly greater among donors to the AIDS patients (9 of 117; 7.7 percent) than among random donors (1 of 298; 0.3 percent). Of 12 sets of donors examined, 9 sets included a donor whose serum gave positive results for the presence of the antibodies. In six of these nine sets, the seropositive donor was an individual who was also identified as a possible source of AIDS transmission when epidemiologic and immunologic criteria were used.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaffe, H W -- Francis, D P -- McLane, M F -- Cabradilla, C -- Curran, J W -- Kilbourne, B W -- Lawrence, D N -- Haverkos, H W -- Spira, T J -- Dodd, R Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 23;223(4642):1309-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6322301" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*etiology/immunology/transmission ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Antigens, Surface/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; *Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion/*adverse effects ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology/*pathogenicity ; Female ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; Retroviridae Infections/*epidemiology ; Risk
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  • 53
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-06-29
    Description: A data base of the National Center for Health Statistics, Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I (HANES I), was used to perform a computer-assisted, comprehensive analysis of the relation of 17 nutrients to the blood pressure profile of adult Americans. Subjects were 10,372 individuals, 18 to 74 years of age, who denied a history of hypertension and intentional modification of their diet. Significant decreases in the consumption of calcium, potassium, vitamin A, and vitamin C were identified as the nutritional factors that distinguished hypertensive from normotensive subjects. Lower calcium intake was the most consistent factor in hypertensive individuals. Across the population, higher intakes of calcium, potassium, and sodium were associated with lower mean systolic blood pressure and lower absolute risk of hypertension. Increments of dietary calcium were also negatively correlated with body mass. Even though these correlations cannot be accepted as proof of causation, they have implications for future studies of the association of nutritional factors and dietary patterns with hypertension in America.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCarron, D A -- Morris, C D -- Henry, H J -- Stanton, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 29;224(4656):1392-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6729459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Ascorbic Acid/metabolism ; *Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Calcium/metabolism ; Continental Population Groups ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.) ; Nutrition Surveys ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Obesity/metabolism ; Potassium/metabolism ; Sex Factors ; Sodium/metabolism ; United States ; Vitamin A/metabolism
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: Plasma-free homovanillic acid, a major metabolite of dopamine, was measured in chronically ill schizophrenic patients both before and during treatment with the antipsychotic phenothiazine, fluphenazine. Neuroleptic treatment was associated with a significant time-dependent decrease in plasma homovanillic acid from pretreatment values, which were significantly elevated when compared with those of age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Further, both the absolute concentrations as well as the neuroleptic-induced reductions in plasma homovanillic acid determined over 5 weeks of neuroleptic treatment were statistically significantly correlated with ratings of psychosis and improvement in psychosis, respectively. These findings suggest that the delayed effects of neuroleptic agents on presynaptic dopamine activity may more closely parallel their therapeutic actions than do their immediate effects in blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors and that a decrease in dopamine "turnover" may be responsible for their antipsychotic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pickar, D -- Labarca, R -- Linnoila, M -- Roy, A -- Hommer, D -- Everett, D -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):954-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Female ; Fluphenazine/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Homovanillic Acid/*blood ; Humans ; Male ; Phenylacetates/*blood ; Schizophrenia/blood/*drug therapy ; Time Factors
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 1984-05-11
    Description: Amblyomma americanum is a likely secondary vector of Lyme disease in New Jersey. Ticks of this species were removed from the site of the characteristic skin lesion known as erythema chronicum migrans on two patients with the disease, and the Lyme disease spirochete was isolated from nymphs and adults of this species. That A. americanum is a potential vector is supported by its similarities to Ixodes dammini, the known tick vector, in seasonal distribution and host utilization. The extensive range of A. americanum may have great implications for potential Lyme disease transmission outside known endemic areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schulze, T L -- Bowen, G S -- Bosler, E M -- Lakat, M F -- Parkin, W E -- Altman, R -- Ormiston, B G -- Shisler, J K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 11;224(4649):601-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6710158" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Arachnid Vectors/*microbiology ; Arthritis, Infectious/microbiology/*transmission ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; New Jersey ; Spirochaetales Infections/transmission ; Ticks/*microbiology
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  • 56
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: The number of basic taste qualities registered by single human fungiform papillae is correlated with the number of taste buds borne on these papillae. Multiple sensitivity was demonstrated both in single fungiform papillae and in single taste buds, with response to all four of the basic taste qualities occuring in a single taste bud.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arvidson, K -- Friberg, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):807-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; Sensory Receptor Cells ; Taste/*physiology ; Taste Buds/cytology/*physiology ; Tongue/cytology/*innervation
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: A wide range of animals are able to orient toward home when subjected to displacement-release experiments. When comparable experiments are performed on blindfolded humans, a similar ability emerges. Such goal-orientation does not result from following the complete journey on a mental map, nor is it influenced by cloud cover. Bar magnets worn on the head do seem to exert an influence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, R R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):555-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423208" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetics ; Male ; Orientation/*physiology
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  • 58
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Moderate chronic malnutrition has only a minor effect on fecundity (reproductive capacity), and the resulting effect on fertility (actural reproduction) is very small. Among the fecundity components examined here in noncontracepting populations, age at menarche and the duration of lactational amenorrhea appear to be the ones most affected by malnutrition. But from neither of those effects can a difference in fertility of more than a few percent be expected between poorly and well-nourished women in developing countries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bongaarts, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):564-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367878" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Induced ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Behavior ; Birth Intervals ; Contraception ; Female ; *Fertility ; Fetal Death/epidemiology ; Humans ; Lactation ; Male ; Marriage ; Menarche ; Menopause ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Disorders/*physiopathology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Ovulation ; Pregnancy ; Spermatogenesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The high-affinity binding of triatiated imipramine to platelet membranes was compared in samples from 16 untreated depressed women and 21 age-matched controls of the same sex. The maximal binding in the depressed group was significantly lower than that of the controls, although the affinity constants were similar. These results suggest that binding of tritiated imipramine in human platelets may represent a biochemical index of depression, possibly reflecting similar changes in the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Briley, M S -- Langer, S Z -- Raisman, R -- Sechter, D -- Zarifian, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):303-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Blood Platelets/*analysis ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Depression/*blood ; Humans ; Imipramine/*blood ; Kinetics ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism
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  • 60
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1326-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355292" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; *Insemination, Artificial ; *Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous ; Male ; *Nobel Prize ; *Spermatozoa ; *Tissue Banks ; Tissue Donors
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: Data from adoption studies on handedness indicate that the effects of shared biological heritage are more powerful determinants of hand preference than sociocultural factors. Biological offspring were found to show nonrandom distributions of right- and non-right-handedness as a function of parental handedness; these distributions were consistent with the results fo previous family studies. In contrast, the handedness distribution of adopted children as a function of parental handedness was essentially random.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carter-Saltzman, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1263-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403887" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adoption ; Adult ; Cultural Characteristics ; *Environment ; *Functional Laterality ; Genetics ; Humans ; Sociology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 62
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 22;207(4433):855-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355266" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholism/*physiopathology/prevention & control/therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 63
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):672.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Papanicolaou Test ; United States ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; *Vaginal Smears
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  • 64
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 1;207(4430):509.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology/*etiology ; Smoking/*complications
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: Arecoline, a cholinergic muscarinic receptor agonist, induced rapid eye movement sleep significantly more rapidly in patients with primary affective illness in remission than in normal control subjects matched for age and sex. These results, and others, suggest that patients with primary affective illness may have a supersensitive cholinergic system both when they are ill and when their symptoms are in clinical remission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sitaram, N -- Nurnberger, J I Jr -- Gershon, E S -- Gillin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):200-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Affective Symptoms/drug therapy/*physiopathology ; Arecoline/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Sleep Wake Disorders/physiopathology ; Sleep, REM/*drug effects
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  • 66
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):669-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Brain Death ; Child ; *Death ; Humans ; *Legislation, Medical ; *Religion and Medicine ; United States
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 1980-09-26
    Description: Regular consumers of caffeine had higher muscle tension after three or more hours of abstinence than low caffeine consumers. This difference was absent after double-blind administration of caffeine citrate or placebo. In a discriminative reaction time test, caffeine treatment improved performance. Among subjects receiving placebo, anxiety was highly correlated with prior caffeine use, suggesting that even a brief abstinence may produce anxiety in the regular user.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉White, B C -- Lincoln, C A -- Pearce, N W -- Reeb, R -- Vaida, C -- AA 03513/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- HD 05958/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS 11618/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 26;209(4464):1547-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7433978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anxiety/*etiology ; Caffeine/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Muscle Contraction/*drug effects ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/complications/*physiopathology
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  • 68
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: When young adults detected auditory stimuli at split-second intervals, different components of the event-related brain potentials showed markedly different speeds of recovery. The P3 component (latency 300 to 350 milliseconds) was fully recovered at intervals of less than 1.0 second, while the N1--P2 components (latencies 100 to 180 milliseconds) were markedly attenuated with stimulus repetition even at longer interstimulus intervals. Thus, the N1--P2 recovers much more slowly than a subject's ability to evaluate signals, whereas the P3 appears to be generated at the same high rates as the decision processes with which it is associated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woods, D L -- Hillyard, S A -- Courchesne, E -- Galambos, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):655-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Decision Making/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Memory/physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 1980-07-18
    Description: The affinity of Hb Zurich for carbon monoxide is approximately 65 times that of normal hemoglobin. The carboxyhemoglobin content in serum from individuals with Hb Zurich ranged from 3.9 to 6.7 percent in nine nonsmokers and from 9.8 to 19.7 percent in six smokers. Rates of hemolysis and hemoglobin denaturation were less in smokers than in nonsmokers, effects that may be secondary to the stabilization of Hb Zurich by carbon monoxide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zinkham, W H -- Houtchens, R A -- Caughey, W S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 18;209(4454):406-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384813" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Carboxyhemoglobin/*analysis/genetics ; Child ; Female ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins/*analysis ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/*analysis/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Smoking
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  • 70
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1416-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233233" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Foot/*anatomy & histology ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Factors
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  • 71
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Antelman, S M -- Rowland, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1149-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Endorphins/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Humans ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology
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  • 72
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: Subjects observing differently scaled environments undergo systematic shifts in the experience of time. The experience of temporal duration is compressed relative to the clock in the same proportion as scale-model environments being observed are compressed relative to the full-sized environment. This research suggests that spatial scale may be a principal mediator in the experience of time.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLong, A J -- RR-07088/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):681-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Environment ; Humans ; Time Perception/*physiology
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: The 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose technique was used to measure regional cerebral glucose utilization by human subjects during functional activation. Normal male volunteers subjected to one or more sensory stimuli (tactile, visual, or auditory) exhibited focal increases in glucose metabolism in response to the stimulus. Unilateral visual hemifield stimulation caused the contralateral striate cortex to become more metabolically active than the striate cortex ipsilateral to the stimulated hemifield. Similarly, stroking the fingers and hand of one arm with brush produced an increase in metabolism in the contralateral postcentral gyrus, compared with the homologous ipsilateral region. The auditory stimulus, which consisted of a monaurally presented factual story caused an increase in glucose metabolism in the auditory cortex in the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated ear. These results demonstrate that the technique is capable of providing functional maps in vivo related to both body region and submodality of sensory information in the human brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenberg, J H -- Reivich, M -- Alavi, A -- Hand, P -- Rosenquist, A -- Rintelmann, W -- Stein, A -- Tusa, R -- Dann, R -- Christman, D -- Fowler, J -- MacGregor, B -- Wolf, A -- NS 10939-08/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 14867-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 15380-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):678-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6971492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Brain/*metabolism ; *Deoxy Sugars ; *Deoxyglucose/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Sensation/*physiology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed/*methods ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 74
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 16;211(4479):257.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Aerospace Medicine ; Altitude ; *Anemia, Sickle Cell ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Male ; *Military Medicine ; Risk ; *Sickle Cell Trait
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  • 75
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshal, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1008.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Cultural Characteristics ; *Culture ; Female ; Humans ; Laos/ethnology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Mortality ; Refugees/*psychology ; Stress, Physiological ; United States
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: Leucine catabolism is regulated by either of the first two degradative steps: (reversible) transamination to the keto acid or subsequent decarboxylation. A method is described to measure rates of leucine transamination, reamination, and keto acid oxidation. The method is applied directly to humans by infusing the nonradioactive tracer, L-[15N,1-13C]leucine. Leucine transamination was found to be operating several times faster than the keto acid decarboxylation and to be of equal magnitude in adult human males under two different dietary conditions, postabsorptive and fed. These results indicate that decarboxylation, not transamination, is the rate-limiting step in normal human leucine metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, D E -- Bier, D M -- Rennie, M J -- Edwards, R H -- Halliday, D -- Millward, D J -- Clugston, G A -- AM-25994/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD-10667/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Carbon Isotopes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leucine/*metabolism ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Workers on rotating shifts dislike those aspects of their work schedules that violate circadian sleep-wake cycle physiology. Work schedule satisfaction, subjective health estimates, personnel turnover, and worker productivity improve when schedules are introduced that are designed to incorporate circadian principles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Czeisler, C A -- Moore-Ede, M C -- Coleman, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):460-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089576" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Activity Cycles ; Adult ; Aged ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Health ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Sleep ; *Work
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: Compared to matched controls, 17 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy showed decreased insulin binding to monocytes due to decreased receptor concentration. These patients showed no signs of altered glucose metabolism and retrospective analysis of the clinical records of a further 56 such patients revealed no modification in carbohydrate metabolism. These data suggest that reduced insulin receptor number does not produce overt modifications of glucose metabolism in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DePirro, R -- Lauro, R -- Testa, I -- Ferretti, I -- De Martinis, C -- Dellatonio, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):311-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Child ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Humans ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Muscular Dystrophies/*metabolism ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism
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  • 79
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: Lipofuscin granules (age pigments) emit yellow light under ultraviolet excitation in the fluorescence microscope. The reported blue emission maximum of extracts of lipofuscin-laden cells may result from instrumental bias. The major fluorescent components that accumulate with age in these lysosomal residual bodies of human retinal pigment epithelium are yellow-emitting fluorophores. Different age-related fluorophores, which do emit blue light, are derived from other intracellular sources. A reevaluation of the connection between blue-emitting lipid peroxidation products and the age-related lipofuscin granules of classical pathology is necessary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eldred, G E -- Miller, G V -- Stark, W S -- Feeney-Burns, L -- EY 03274/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY 03408/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY 05456/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):757-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Age Factors ; Cytoplasmic Granules ; Humans ; *Lipofuscin ; Lysosomes/analysis ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/analysis/ultrastructure ; *Pigments, Biological ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrum Analysis
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  • 80
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-08-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 6;217(4559):522.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089578" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Bandages ; *Biological Dressings ; Burns/*therapy ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epidermis/cytology ; Humans ; Surgical Flaps ; Wound Healing
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  • 81
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):651.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/pathology ; Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Obesity ; Sex Factors
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  • 82
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Intracellular calcium increases significantly as human fibroblasts age in culture. The calcium increase occurs 5 to 6 weeks (passages) earlier and is significantly greater in fibroblasts from subjects with cystic fibrosis in comparison with cells from control subjects. Intracellular calcium, which is thought to be a pathogenetic factor in cystic fibrosis, may also be a meaningful marker in cell aging.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, B L -- Lam, L F -- AG-02114/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):417-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Calcium/*metabolism ; *Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Cystic Fibrosis/*metabolism/pathology ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Infant ; Male
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: Subcutaneous injection of 50 micrograms of a luteinizing hormone-releasing factor agonist (LRF agonist) for three successive days at the time of menstruation in normal cycling women induces a shortened luteal phase with suboptimal concentrations of circulating estradiol and progesterone. This luteal phase defect follows a reduced concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone during the follicular phase and a resulting inadequate follicular maturation. Since a short luteal phase is associated with an endometrium not conductive to implantation, administration of the LRF agonist at the onset of menstrual cycle may prove to be a practical and novel approach to fertility control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sheehan, K L -- Casper, R F -- Yen, S S -- HD-12303/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- N01HD-92842/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):170-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6797068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Contraception ; Estradiol/blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood/metabolism ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Menstruation/drug effects ; Progesterone/blood ; *Triptorelin Pamoate/*analogs & derivatives
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  • 84
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Nine expert drivers operated an instrumented vehicle in tests over a highway at night after being treated with diazepam (5 and 10 milligrams), a placebo, and nothing. They reacted to 10 milligrams of diazepam with increased lateral position variability. Potentially dangerous impairment was inferred from the reactions of some subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Hanlon, J F -- Haak, T W -- Blaauw, G J -- Riemersma, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):79-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089544" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Automobile Driving ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity/*drug effects ; Placebos
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: Cytogenic studies were performed on the direct chromosome preparations of the renal cell carcinoma cells and the cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with familial renal cell carcinoma. The results revealed a specific, acquired translocations (3p;11p) present in the majority of metaphases of the tumor, indicating that the development of renal cell carcinoma is associated with a deletion in the proximal end of 3p. Renal cell carcinoma is thus the third example--the first two being retinoblastoma and Wilms' tumor--of a chromosomal deletion occurring germinally or somatically in association with a specific tumor. This finding adds further support to the existence of specific human cancer genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pathak, S -- Strong, L C -- Ferrell, R E -- Trindade, A -- CA 27925/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):939-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/*genetics ; Adult ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosomes, Human, 1-3/*ultrastructure ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X/*ultrastructure ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Kidney Neoplasms/*genetics ; Lymphocytes/ultrastructure ; Male ; Pedigree ; *Translocation, Genetic
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  • 86
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Female ; Humans ; *Menstruation ; Shock, Septic/*etiology ; Tampons, Surgical/*adverse effects ; United States
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 1982-04-09
    Description: Maximum expiratory flow rate at 30 percent of vital capacity above residual volume served as an index of airway obstruction in comparing the effects of leukotriene C and histamine administered by aerosol to five normal persons. Leukotriene C was 600 to 9500 times more potent than histamine on a molar basis in producing an equivalent decrement in the residual volume. The leukotriene C response was slow in onset and prolonged, reminiscent of the effects of aerosol allergen challenge in asthmatic allergic subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, J W -- Drazen, J M -- Coles, N -- McFadden, E R Jr -- Weller, P F -- Corey, E J -- Lewis, R A -- Austen, K F -- AI-00399/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-07722/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-10356/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):196-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Airway Resistance/*drug effects ; Bronchi/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Histamine/pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostaglandins F/pharmacology ; SRS-A/*pharmacology ; Time Factors
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 1983-04-22
    Description: Exposure to competitive mental tasks significantly reduced the urinary sodium and fluid excreted by young men with one or two hypertensive parents or with borderline hypertension. In this high-risk group, the degree of retention was directly related to the magnitude of heart rate increase during stress, suggesting common mediation by way of the sympathetic nervous system. Thus, psychological stress appears to induce changes in renal excretory functions that may play a critical role in long-term blood pressure regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Light, K C -- Koepke, J P -- Obrist, P A -- Willis, P W 4th -- HL-01096/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-18976/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-23718/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 22;220(4595):429-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension/etiology/*physiopathology ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Male ; Risk ; Sodium/*metabolism ; Stress, Psychological/metabolism/*physiopathology ; *Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 89
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: Increases in penile circumference during sleep-related erections in human subjects closely reflected increases in penile blood flow, and bursts of activity in the bulbocavernosus and ischiocavernosus muscles were temporally related to these increases. The penile arterial system and the perineal muscles appear to have important coordinated roles in human penile erection. Monitoring sleep-related erections and penile blood flow holds promise for the study of erectile mechanisms and dysfunction and for screening of drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Karacan, I -- Aslan, C -- Hirshkowitz, M -- AG02414-03/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1080-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6844930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Electroencephalography ; Electromyography ; Electrooculography ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Penis/blood supply/*physiology ; Sleep/physiology
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: Twenty-five chemical workers who manufactured polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's) were given objective tests of learning and memory. Although this group had high concentrations of PBB's in adipose tissue, mean scores on all memory tests were normal. The PBB concentration was not correlated with memory performance; the most contaminated workers showed no evidence of memory dysfunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, G G -- Preisman, R C -- Anderson, M D -- Nixon, R K -- Isbister, J L -- Price, H A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1413-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6262920" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Biphenyl Compounds/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Learning/*drug effects ; Memory/*drug effects ; Polybrominated Biphenyls/*adverse effects ; Psychological Tests
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: The densities of the brains of 11 chronic alcoholics were compared with those of 11 age-matched normal control subjects. Densities were determined from the density numbers generated by computerized tomography at three levels of the brain-the highest level of the lateral ventricles and the next two higher levels-with adjustments made to control for possible artifacts in the data. The advantage of the dominant hemisphere over the nondominant hemisphere was lessened in alcoholics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Golden, C J -- Graber, B -- Blose, I -- Berg, R -- Coffman, J -- Bloch, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):508-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Alcoholism/*pathology ; Brain/*pathology ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 1981-02-27
    Description: The concentration of norepinephrine in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with essential hypertension is higher than that from healthy normal volunteers, but the concentrations of norepinephrine in plasma from these groups are similar. This finding indicates that central nervous system noradrenergic hyperactivity occurs in essential hypertension but apparently is not reflected in abnormal function of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system in these patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lake, C R -- Gullner, H G -- Polinsky, R J -- Ebert, M H -- Ziegler, M G -- Bartter, F C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):955-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/blood/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/blood/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Posture
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  • 93
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: Sleep recordings were carried out on athletes on four successive nights after completing a 92-kilometer road race. Significant increases in total sleep time and slow-wave sleep were found after this metabolic stress. The results show a definite exercise effect on sleep and support sleep-restoration hypotheses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, C M -- Bortz, R -- Mitchell, D -- Bartel, P -- Jooste, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1253-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302594" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; *Physical Exertion ; Running ; Sleep Stages/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/physiology
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 1981-08-14
    Description: Sixteen former military personnel who were present at the "Smoky" atmospheric nuclear weapon test have been investigated for internal deposits of radioactivity. Whole-body and thorax gamma-ray measurements, thorax and skeletal actinide measurements, and urinalyses for plutonium-239 and strontium-90 indicated no evidence of radioactivity in excess of that found in the general population.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Toohey, R E -- Rundo, J -- Essling, M A -- Sha, J Y -- Oldham, R D -- Sedlet, J -- Robinson, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 14;213(4509):767-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; *Military Medicine ; Plutonium/urine ; *Radiation Monitoring ; Strontium Radioisotopes/urine ; United States
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  • 95
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: Patients with organic brain damage resulting in anterograde amnesia cannot recall a list of words, but when given the first three letters of each word, they complete these word stems with words from the list. We simulated this phenomenon in normal subjects who examined the list words for vowels while ignoring their semantic component. The subjects produced the list words when completing the word stems although they could not recall the words.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graf, P -- Mandler, G -- Haden, P E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1243-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146909" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amnesia/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Memory/*physiology ; Mental Recall/physiology ; Models, Biological
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  • 96
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):424-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6211767" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Carcinogens ; Contraceptive Agents, Female ; Dogs ; Drug Evaluation ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Female ; Humans ; International Agencies ; Medroxyprogesterone/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ; Risk ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 97
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1982-02-26
    Description: The urinary excretion rate of the endogenous, amphetamine-like substance beta-phenethylamine was markedly elevated in human subjects in association with an initial parachuting experience. The increases were delayed in most subjects and were not correlated with changes in urinary pH or creatinine excretion. The data suggest a stress-related role for beta-phenethylamine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paulos, M A -- Tessel, R E -- DA-01614/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- GM-27430/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR-05606/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 26;215(4536):1127-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Aerospace Medicine ; Creatinine/urine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Phenethylamines/*urine ; Stress, Physiological/*urine ; Time Factors
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  • 98
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cairns, J -- Boyle, D -- Frei, E 3rd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):252, 254, 256.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia/drug therapy/mortality ; Male ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality ; United States
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  • 99
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Plasma obtained from human subjects after exercise and injected intraperitoneally into rats elevated rat rectal temperature and depressed plasma iron and zinc concentrations. The pyrogenic component was heat-denaturable and had an apparent molecular weight of 14,000 daltons. Human mononuclear leukocytes obtained after exercise and incubated in vitro released a factor into the medium that also elevated body temperature in rats and reduced trace metal concentrations. These results suggest that endogenous pyrogen, a protein mediator of fever and trace metal metabolism during infection, is released during exercise.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cannon, J G -- Kluger, M J -- AI 13878/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):617-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836306" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Body Temperature/drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; *Interleukin-1 ; Iron/blood ; Leukocytes/physiology ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; *Physical Exertion ; Proteins/physiology ; Pyrogens/blood/*metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Zinc/blood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: Dynamic spatial patterns of correlation of electrical potentials recorded from the human brain were shown in diagrams generated by mathematical pattern recognition. The patterns for "move" and "no-move" variants of a brief visuospatial task were compared. In the interval spanning the P300 peak of the evoked potential, higher correlations of the right parietal electrode with occipital and central electrodes distinguished the no-move task from the move task. In the next interval, spanning the readiness potential in the move task, higher correlations of the left central electrode with occipital and frontal electrodes characterized the move task. These results conform to neuropsychological expectations of localized processing and their temporal sequence. The rapid change in the side and site of localized processes may account for conflicting reports of lateralization in studies which lacked adequate spatial and temporal resolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gevins, A S -- Schaffer, R E -- Doyle, J C -- Cutillo, B A -- Tannehill, R S -- Bressler, S L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):97-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Functional Laterality/*physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Psychomotor Performance/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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