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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (3,618)
  • Engineering  (3,361)
  • 2015-2019  (45)
  • 1990-1994  (6,934)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Aleksey Sergeevich Vinnov (25.05.1958 – 04.06.2019) was a Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), an Associate Professor, a talented lecturer, a rector of the Kerch Maritime Technological Institute (KMTI) in 2000–2005, a Senior Researcher in the FSBSI “Southern Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography” (YugNIRO), and a Deputy Head for Operation and Quality of the Limited Liability Company under the Laws of Russian Federation “Aquamarine”. A.S. Vinnov made a great contribution into the development of education and science in the field of fisheries. Aleksey Sergeevich began his professional life as a Junior Researcher in the Astrakhan Technical Institute of Fishing Industry and Economy and defended his Candidate's Thesis in 1988. He dedicated the major part of his working career to the Kerch State Maritime Technological University, where he had been employed for 21 years, taking positions from a senior lecturer of the Department of Fish Processing Technology, an Associate Professor, the Dean of the Technological Faculty, the vice-rector for academic affairs, to the rector of the University. A.S. Vinnov was known for his rational thinking and professional integrity; he was diplomatic and considerate, and proved to be a competent leader. Vinnov's research works were dedicated to the issues of development of production technology for canned fish and fish protein mass, of kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis, and many other subjects. A.S. Vinnov was honored with several badges of distinction due to his high professional expertise and personal contribution to the development of fisheries field, particularly education.
    Description: Алексей Сергеевич Виннов (25.05.1958 – 04.06.2019 гг.) — кандидат технических наук, доцент, талантливый преподаватель, ректор Керченского морского технологического института с 2000 по 2005 г. (КМТИ), старший научный сотрудник ФГБНУ «Южный научно-исследовательский институт рыбного хозяйства и океанографии» (ЮгНИРО), заместитель директора по производству и качеству ООО «Аквамарин». А.С. Виннов внес огромный вклад в развитие образования и науки рыбной отрасли. Свою трудовую деятельность Алексей Сергеевич начал в должности младшего научного сотрудника Астраханского технического института рыбной промышленности и хозяйства, успешно защитив в 1988 г. кандидатскую диссертацию. Большую часть своей трудовой деятельности он посвятил Керченскому государственному морскому технологическому университету, проработав здесь 21 год в должностях от старшего преподавателя кафедры технологии рыбных продуктов, доцента, декана технологического факультета, проректора по учебной работе до ректора университета. А.С. Виннов обладал рациональным мышлением, был очень грамотным, тактичным человеком, умелым руководителем. Научная деятельность Алексея Сергеевича была посвящена изучению вопросов усовершенствования технологии рыбных консервов, рыбных белковых масс, кинетики ферментативного гидролиза, а также многим другим. За личный вклад в развитие образования и рыбной отрасли, за высокий профессионализм А.С. Виннов был удостоен ряда почетных знаков отличия.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Researchers ; Engineering ; Fish processing ; Canned food ; Rector ; Proteins ; Hydrolysis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.91-95
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Наряду с исследованиями по определению сырьевой базы Азово-Черноморского бассейна, при создании института АзЧерНИРО в 1933 г. была сразу организована научно-исследовательская лаборатория техники лова рыбы. За все время функционирования этого подразделения такие специалисты, как С.С. Виннов, О.И. Саковец, С.Я. Наместников, Е.Е. Шапунов, В.М. Кириллов, В.Г. Герасимов, В.С. Долбиш, Н.Г. Думин, В.Г. Васильев, А.А. Яковлев, Е.С. Деньгин, В.И. Абакаров, В.Н. Миронов, В.В. Стрельцов, А.С. Вайнерман, В.К. Яшкин, Ю.В. Шишов, А.М. Стафикопуло в течение многих лет вносили огромный вклад в развитие рыболовства в Азово-Черноморском бассейне и Мировом океане. До 1950 г. траловый промысел в Черном море отсутствовал, хотя были известны попытки внедрить этот вид лова в черноморское рыболовство. Так, в начале 1909 г. в северо-западной части Черного моря работал траулер «Федя». К концу 1911 г. количество траулеров, которые работали в данном регионе моря, увеличилось до 9 судов. Уловы состояли на 98-99 % из осетровых и на 1-2 % из камбалы. Ввиду очень большого вылова молоди осетровых рыб траловый промысел вскоре был запрещен. В 1932 г. из Мурманска для выяснения эффективности тралового лова в Черном море был послан рыболовный траулер «Абрек». Почти у всего черноморского побережья пробовали ловить отечественным промысловым тралом, применяемым в Баренцевом море для добычи трески. При этом отмечалось, что уловы камбалы были очень низкими. Очевидно, одной из причин была неприспособленность самой конструкции трала для лова этого вида рыб. В конце 1933 г. траулер вернулся в Мурманск. В 1949 г. Черноморская научно-промысловая экспедиция возобновила работы по освоению тралового лова в Черном море. Перед экспедицией стояла задача всесторонне изучить ихтиофауну моря и выяснить возможности применения ряда поисковых орудий лова, в том числе донного трала. С этой целью было разработано и испытано несколько типов донных тралов. С конца 1949 г. были начаты исследования по разработке конструкции разноглубинного трала для Черного моря. К тому времени инженерами М.К. Кокоревым, В.Ф. Шушпановым и А.Н. Потехиным была разработана специальная подъемно-распорная система. В соответствии с ее техническими данными в дальнейшем проектировались сетные части трала. Первый проект опытного рыболовного разноглубинного морского трала разрабатывался для лова мелких черноморских пелагических рыб в толще воды, на глубинах от 0 до 100 м, с одного судна. Большой вклад в развитие тралового промысла в Черном море внес А.Н. Самарянов.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Engineering ; Fishing gear ; Fishing fleet ; Fishing vessels ; Trawlers ; Anchovy fisheries ; Sprat fisheries ; Purse fishing ; Commercial species ; Mullets
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.247-254
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Description: Polyamide thickness and roughness have been identified as critical properties that affect thin-film composite membrane performance for reverse osmosis. Conventional formation methodologies lack the ability to control these properties independently with high resolution or precision. An additive approach is presented that uses electrospraying to deposit monomers directly onto a substrate, where they react to form polyamide. The small droplet size coupled with low monomer concentrations result in polyamide films that are smoother and thinner than conventional polyamides, while the additive nature of the approach allows for control of thickness and roughness. Polyamide films are formed with a thickness that is controllable down to 4-nanometer increments and a roughness as low as 2 nanometers while still exhibiting good permselectivity relative to a commercial benchmarking membrane.
    Keywords: Engineering
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2018-09-07
    Description: Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) membranes are emerging as a promising energy-efficient separation technology. However, their reliable and scalable manufacturing remains a challenge. We demonstrate the fabrication of ZIF nanocomposite membranes by means of an all-vapor-phase processing method based on atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ZnO in a porous support followed by ligand-vapor treatment. After ALD, the obtained nanocomposite exhibits low flux and is not selective, whereas after ligand-vapor (2-methylimidazole) treatment, it is partially transformed to ZIF and shows stable performance with high mixture separation factor for propylene over propane (an energy-intensive high-volume separation) and high propylene flux. Membrane synthesis through ligand-induced permselectivation of a nonselective and impermeable deposit is shown to be simple and highly reproducible and holds promise for scalability.
    Keywords: Engineering
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-09-14
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2018-09-14
    Description: Insects are among the most agile natural flyers. Hypotheses on their flight control cannot always be validated by experiments with animals or tethered robots. To this end, we developed a programmable and agile autonomous free-flying robot controlled through bio-inspired motion changes of its flapping wings. Despite being 55 times the size of a fruit fly, the robot can accurately mimic the rapid escape maneuvers of flies, including a correcting yaw rotation toward the escape heading. Because the robot’s yaw control was turned off, we showed that these yaw rotations result from passive, translation-induced aerodynamic coupling between the yaw torque and the roll and pitch torques produced throughout the maneuver. The robot enables new methods for studying animal flight, and its flight characteristics allow for real-world flight missions.
    Keywords: Engineering
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-04-27
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-09-14
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-03-09
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2018-01-19
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
    Unknown
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Vieweg
    Keywords: Engineering ; Robotics ; Automation ; Industrial engineering ; Production engineering ; Economic sociology ; Engineering ; Industrial and Production Engineering ; Organizational Studies, Economic Sociology ; Robotics and Automation
    Description / Table of Contents: Einleitung --- Prognostizierte Veränderungen der gestaltbaren Arbeitssystemdimensionen --- Systeme zur Assistenz und Effizienzsteigerung in manuellen Produktionsprozessen der Industrie auf Basis von Projektion und Tiefendatenerkennung --- Betriebliche Auswirkungen industrieller Servicerobotik am Beispiel der Kleinteilemontage --- Erweiterte Horizonte – Ein technischer Blick in die Zukunft der Arbeit --- Soziotechnische Assistenzsysteme für die Produktionsarbeit in der Textilbranche --- Lernförderliche Arbeitssysteme für die Arbeitswelt von morgen --- Assistenz und Wissensvermittlung am Beispiel von Montage- und Instandhaltungstätigkeiten --- Der Mensch in Interaktion mit autonomen Planungs- und Steuerungssystemen für Cyber-Physische Produktionssysteme --- ReApp – Wiederverwendbare Roboterapplikationen für flexible Roboteranlagen - Auswirkungen der Ergebnisse aus ReApp auf betriebliche Funktionen am Beispiel eines Anwendungsfalls in der Elektroindustrie --- Modellierungsansatz für ein arbeitsplatznahes Beschreibungsmodell der »Arbeitswelt Industrie 4.0 --- Die Zukunft der Arbeit im demografischen Wandel --- “Social Manufacturing and Logistics“ – Arbeit in der digitalisierten Produktion --- Lernförderliche Arbeitsorganisation in der Industrie 4.0 --- Decision Support Pipelines – Durchgängige Datenverarbeitungsinfrastrukturen für die Entscheidungen von morgen --- Gerechtigkeit in flexiblen Arbeits- und Managementprozessen --- Technologie, Organisation, Qualifikation
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 246 Seiten) , 62 Abbildungen, 56 Abbildungen in Farbe
    ISBN: 9783662492666
    Language: German
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-06-23
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-06-23
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-06-16
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2017-06-23
    Description: Exoskeletons and active prostheses promise to enhance human mobility, but few have succeeded. Optimizing device characteristics on the basis of measured human performance could lead to improved designs. We have developed a method for identifying the exoskeleton assistance that minimizes human energy cost during walking. Optimized torque patterns from an exoskeleton worn on one ankle reduced metabolic energy consumption by 24.2 ± 7.4% compared to no torque. The approach was effective with exoskeletons worn on one or both ankles, during a variety of walking conditions, during running, and when optimizing muscle activity. Finding a good generic assistance pattern, customizing it to individual needs, and helping users learn to take advantage of the device all contributed to improved economy. Optimization methods with these features can substantially improve performance.
    Keywords: Engineering
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-11-24
    Keywords: Engineering
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-12-01
    Description: Kim et al . (Reports, 28 April 2017, p. 430) presented results for the solar-driven harvesting of water from air via metal-organic frameworks as a prodigious potential advance toward remedying global water shortages. Basic thermodynamics and a survey of multiple off-the-shelf technologies show that their approach is vastly inferior in efficiency (and thereby in feasibility) to available alternatives.
    Keywords: Engineering
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-12-01
    Keywords: Engineering
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2017-12-01
    Description: In their comment, Bui et al . argue that the approach we described in our report is vastly inferior in efficiency to alternative off-the-shelf technologies. Their conclusion is invalid, as they compare efficiencies in completely different operating conditions. Here, using heat transfer and thermodynamics principles, we show how Bui et al .’s conclusions about the efficiencies of off-the-shelf technologies are fundamentally flawed and inaccurate for the operating conditions described in our study.
    Keywords: Engineering
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2017-05-12
    Description: Bacteria within communities can interact to organize their behavior. It has been unclear whether such interactions can extend beyond a single community to coordinate the behavior of distant populations. We discovered that two Bacillus subtilis biofilm communities undergoing metabolic oscillations can become coupled through electrical signaling and synchronize their growth dynamics. Coupling increases competition by also synchronizing demand for limited nutrients. As predicted by mathematical modeling, we confirm that biofilms resolve this conflict by switching from in-phase to antiphase oscillations. This results in time-sharing behavior, where each community takes turns consuming nutrients. Time-sharing enables biofilms to counterintuitively increase growth under reduced nutrient supply. Distant biofilms can thus coordinate their behavior to resolve nutrient competition through time-sharing, a strategy used in engineered systems to allocate limited resources.
    Keywords: Engineering
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-05-12
    Keywords: Engineering
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
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  • 24
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-01-27
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-02-17
    Description: Engineering has an image problem. The phrase "engineering disaster" rolls off the tongue, while great technical achievements are more often heralded as "scientific miracles." Enter Dream Big. Sponsored by the American Society of Civil Engineers with support from Bechtel Corporation, the film sets out to reframe engineering as a force for good and a profession in service to people and the planet. Author: Donna Riley
    Keywords: Engineering
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  • 26
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-07-21
    Keywords: Engineering
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 27
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-07-21
    Keywords: Engineering
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 28
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-05-26
    Keywords: Engineering
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  • 29
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-11-10
    Keywords: Engineering
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  • 30
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-01-27
    Description: Polynitrogens have the potential for ultrahigh-performing explosives or propellants because singly or doubly bonded polynitrogens can decompose to triply bonded dinitrogen (N2) with an extraordinarily large energy release. The large energy content and relatively low activation energy toward decomposition makes the synthesis of a stable polynitrogen allotrope an extraordinary challenge. Many elements exist in different forms (allotropes)—for example, carbon can exist as graphite, diamond, buckyballs, or graphene. However, no stable neutral allotropes are known for nitrogen, and only two stable homonuclear polynitrogen ions had been isolated until now—namely, the N3− anion (1) and the N5+ cation (2). On page 374 of this issue, Zhang et al. (3) report the synthesis and characterization of the first stable salt of the cyclo-N5− anion, only the third stable homonuclear polynitrogen ion ever isolated. Author: Karl O. Christe
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
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  • 31
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Natural disasters ; Engineering geology ; Engineering ; Geology ; Foundations ; Hydraulics ; Sustainable development ; Earth Sciences ; Natural Hazards ; Geoengineering, Foundations, Hydraulics ; Sustainable Development
    Description / Table of Contents: ISDR-ICL Sendai Partnerships 2015-2025 --- The ISDR-ICL Sendai Partnerships 2015-2025: Background and Content --- Forum lectures --- Rupestrian world heritage sites: Instability investigation and sustainable mitigation --- Subaerial landslide-generated waves: Numerical and laboratory simulations --- Rockfall occurrence and fragmentation --- Contribution from signatory organizations of the Sendai Partnerships --- International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) --- International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) - The proposing organization of the ISDR-ICL Sendai partnerships 2015-2025 --- United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) --- UNISDR‘s Contribution to Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Role of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) --- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) --- UNESCO’s Contribution to the Implementation of UNISDR’s Global Initiative and ICL --- United Nations University (UNU) --- The United Nations University: Research and Policy Support for Environmental Risk Reduction --- World Meteorological Organization (WMO) --- Concerted International Efforts for Advancing Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems --- International Council for Science (ICSU) --- On Future Challenges for the Integration of Science into International Policy Development for Landslide Disaster Risk Reduction --- World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO) --- World Federation of Engineering Organizations Activities in Disaster Risk Reduction --- Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University --- National Civil Protection Department, Italian Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Government of Italy --- Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk: Challenges and Opportunities for Italian Civil Protection --- Landslide Dynamics: ISDR-ICL Landslide Interactive Teaching Tools (LITT) --- Progress of the World Report on Landslides --- International Programme on Landslides (IPL): Objectives, History and List of World Centres of Excellence and IPL Projects --- UNESCO-KU-ICL UNITWIN Cooperation Programme for Landslides and Water-Related Disaster Risk Management. Landslides: Journal of the International Consortium on Landslides --- IPL Activities --- Advanced Technologies for Landslides (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-196, IPL-198) --- Mechanisms of Landslides and Creep in Over-Consolidated Clays and Flysch (WCoE 2014-2017 --- Research on Heavy-Rainfall-Induced and Hydraulic-Driven Geological Hazards in China (WCoE 2014-2017). Landslide Risk Reduction in Croatia: Scientific research in the framework of the WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-173, IPL-184, ICL ABN --- Shapes and Mechanisms of Large-scale Landslides in Japan: Forecasting Analysis from an Inventory (WCoE 2014–2017 --- Retrospective and Prospects for Cold Regions Landslide Research (2012-2016) (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-132, IPL-167, IPL-203, CRLN --- Large-scale Rockslide Inventories: from the Kokomeren River Basin to the Entire Central Asia Region (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-106-2) --- Interventions for Promoting Knowledge, Innovations and Landslide Risk Management Practices within South and Southeast Asia (WCoE 2014-2017) --- Promoting a Global Standard for Community-based Landslide Early Warning Systems (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-158, IPL-165) --- Model Policy Frameworks, Standards and Guidelines on Landslide Disaster Reduction (WCoE 2014-2017) --- Landslide Hazard and Risk Management (WCoE 2014-2017) --- Mitigation of Landslide Hazards in Ukraine under the Guidance of ICL: 2009–2016 (IPL-153, IPL-191) --- Development of a Hazard Evaluation Technique for Earthquake-Induced Landslides Based on an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) (IPL-154) --- The Croatian-Japanese SATREPS Joint Research Project on Landslides (IPL-161)
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 586 pages) , 372 illustrations, 350 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319594699
    Language: English
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  • 32
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Natural disasters ; Engineering geology ; Engineering ; Geology ; Foundations ; Hydraulics ; Sustainable development ; Earth Sciences ; Natural Hazards ; Geoengineering, Foundations, Hydraulics ; Sustainable Development
    Description / Table of Contents: ISDR-ICL Sendai Partnerships 2015-2025 --- The ISDR-ICL Sendai Partnerships 2015-2025: Background and Content --- Forum lectures --- Rupestrian world heritage sites: Instability investigation and sustainable mitigation --- Subaerial landslide-generated waves: Numerical and laboratory simulations --- Rockfall occurrence and fragmentation --- Contribution from signatory organizations of the Sendai Partnerships --- International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) --- International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) - The proposing organization of the ISDR-ICL Sendai partnerships 2015-2025 --- United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) --- UNISDR‘s Contribution to Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Role of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) --- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) --- UNESCO’s Contribution to the Implementation of UNISDR’s Global Initiative and ICL --- United Nations University (UNU) --- The United Nations University: Research and Policy Support for Environmental Risk Reduction --- World Meteorological Organization (WMO) --- Concerted International Efforts for Advancing Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems --- International Council for Science (ICSU) --- On Future Challenges for the Integration of Science into International Policy Development for Landslide Disaster Risk Reduction --- World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO) --- World Federation of Engineering Organizations Activities in Disaster Risk Reduction --- Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University --- National Civil Protection Department, Italian Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Government of Italy --- Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk: Challenges and Opportunities for Italian Civil Protection --- Landslide Dynamics: ISDR-ICL Landslide Interactive Teaching Tools (LITT) --- Progress of the World Report on Landslides --- International Programme on Landslides (IPL): Objectives, History and List of World Centres of Excellence and IPL Projects --- UNESCO-KU-ICL UNITWIN Cooperation Programme for Landslides and Water-Related Disaster Risk Management. Landslides: Journal of the International Consortium on Landslides --- IPL Activities --- Advanced Technologies for Landslides (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-196, IPL-198) --- Mechanisms of Landslides and Creep in Over-Consolidated Clays and Flysch (WCoE 2014-2017 --- Research on Heavy-Rainfall-Induced and Hydraulic-Driven Geological Hazards in China (WCoE 2014-2017). Landslide Risk Reduction in Croatia: Scientific research in the framework of the WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-173, IPL-184, ICL ABN --- Shapes and Mechanisms of Large-scale Landslides in Japan: Forecasting Analysis from an Inventory (WCoE 2014–2017 --- Retrospective and Prospects for Cold Regions Landslide Research (2012-2016) (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-132, IPL-167, IPL-203, CRLN --- Large-scale Rockslide Inventories: from the Kokomeren River Basin to the Entire Central Asia Region (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-106-2) --- Interventions for Promoting Knowledge, Innovations and Landslide Risk Management Practices within South and Southeast Asia (WCoE 2014-2017) --- Promoting a Global Standard for Community-based Landslide Early Warning Systems (WCoE 2014-2017, IPL-158, IPL-165) --- Model Policy Frameworks, Standards and Guidelines on Landslide Disaster Reduction (WCoE 2014-2017) --- Landslide Hazard and Risk Management (WCoE 2014-2017) --- Mitigation of Landslide Hazards in Ukraine under the Guidance of ICL: 2009–2016 (IPL-153, IPL-191) --- Development of a Hazard Evaluation Technique for Earthquake-Induced Landslides Based on an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) (IPL-154) --- The Croatian-Japanese SATREPS Joint Research Project on Landslides (IPL-161)
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 586 pages) , 372 illustrations, 350 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319594699
    Language: English
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  • 33
    Unknown
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Vieweg
    Keywords: Engineering ; Humanities ; Digital libraries ; Educational technology ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering ; Communications Engineering, Networks ; Digital Humanities ; Technology and Digital Education
    Description / Table of Contents: Vorwort --- Einleitung --- Bürger --- Wenn Bots sich unter Leute mischen: Social Bots in den Sozialen Medien --- Digitale Partizipation in Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft --- Entwicklung einer soziodigitalen Souveränität --- Unternehmen --- Digitale Souveränität – ein mehrdimensionales Handlungskonzept für die deutsche Wirtschaft --- Privatheit und digitale Souveränität in der Arbeitswelt 4.0 --- Staat --- Mehr Daten, weniger Vertrauen in Statistik – freie Fahrt für ‚alternative Fakten‘? --- Internationale Perspektiven auf digitale Souveränität --- Digitalisierung der Bildung als staatliche Aufgabe --- Ausblick
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 187 Seiten) , 40 Abbildungen in Farbe
    ISBN: 9783662557969
    Language: German
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  • 34
    Unknown
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Vieweg
    Keywords: Engineering ; Humanities ; Digital libraries ; Computers ; Educational technology ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering ; Communications Engineering, Networks ; Information Systems and Communication Service ; Digital Humanities ; Technology and Digital Education
    Description / Table of Contents: Seit Jahren wird unser Alltag geprägt von zunehmender Automation und Vernetzung, die Digitalisierung genannt wird. Sensoren erfassen immer mehr unterschiedliche Daten und werden von intelligenten Algorithmen zunehmend präzisier analysiert. Dies führt nicht nur zu einem anderen Verhältnis im Umgang und bei der Nutzung von Daten durch Menschen und Maschinen, sondern wird auch dramatisch Aufgaben und Prozesse verändern. Die damit verbundenen Arbeitsanforderungen werden zum massiven Wandel von Berufsbildern führen, in dem einfache Tätigkeiten automatisiert und komplexe Tätigkeiten vereinfacht werden. Nicht nur das Arbeiten sondern auch das Lernen, Lehren und Forschen verändert sich durch die Digitalisierung. Die technischen Möglichkeiten wandeln die Lebenswelten mit ihren urbanen Versorgungs- und Infrastrukturen und eröffnen den Wirtschaftsräumen neue Geschäftsmodelle. Diese parallel einsetzenden Entwicklungen führen zu radikalen Umbrüchen, die in den kommenden Jahren sämtliche Aspekte der Gesellschaft verändern werden
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 199 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783662528549
    Language: German
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  • 35
    Keywords: Engineering ; Project management ; Engineering design ; Automotive Engineering ; Project Management ; Engineering Design
    Description / Table of Contents: A - Die Entwicklung: Drei Erfolgsstories --- Die StreetScooter-Gründer-Story --- Die StreetScooter-Meilensteine 2008-2017 --- Die StreetScooter-Entwicklungsstory --- Die StreetScooter-Protagonisten-Story --- B - Die Lösung: Return on Engineering: Die StreetScooter-Lösungsbausteine. C - Die Perspektive: Die StreetScooter-Netzwerk-Story --- Die StreetScooter-Produktions-Story --- Die StreetScooter-Post-Story --- Die StreetScooter-Mobilitätslösung --- Die StreetScooter-Vision. A - The Development: Three Stories of Success --- The StreetScooter Founder Story --- The StreetScooter Milestones 2008-2017 --- The StreetScooter Development Story --- The StreetScooter Protagonists Story --- B - The Solution: Return on Engineering: The StreetScooter Building Blocks --- C - The Perspective: The StreetScooter Network Story --- The StreetScooter Production Story --- The StreetScooter Post Story --- The StreetScooter Mobility Solution --- The StreetScooter Vision
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 213 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783662549971
    Language: German
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  • 36
    Unknown
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Vieweg
    Keywords: Engineering ; Humanities ; Digital libraries ; Educational technology ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering ; Communications Engineering, Networks ; Digital Humanities ; Technology and Digital Education
    Description / Table of Contents: Vorwort --- Einleitung --- Bürger --- Wenn Bots sich unter Leute mischen: Social Bots in den Sozialen Medien --- Digitale Partizipation in Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft --- Entwicklung einer soziodigitalen Souveränität --- Unternehmen --- Digitale Souveränität – ein mehrdimensionales Handlungskonzept für die deutsche Wirtschaft --- Privatheit und digitale Souveränität in der Arbeitswelt 4.0 --- Staat --- Mehr Daten, weniger Vertrauen in Statistik – freie Fahrt für ‚alternative Fakten‘? --- Internationale Perspektiven auf digitale Souveränität --- Digitalisierung der Bildung als staatliche Aufgabe --- Ausblick
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 187 Seiten) , 40 Abbildungen in Farbe
    ISBN: 9783662557969
    Language: German
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  • 37
    Unknown
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Vieweg
    Keywords: Engineering ; Humanities ; Digital libraries ; Computers ; Educational technology ; Electrical engineering ; Engineering ; Communications Engineering, Networks ; Information Systems and Communication Service ; Digital Humanities ; Technology and Digital Education
    Description / Table of Contents: Seit Jahren wird unser Alltag geprägt von zunehmender Automation und Vernetzung, die Digitalisierung genannt wird. Sensoren erfassen immer mehr unterschiedliche Daten und werden von intelligenten Algorithmen zunehmend präzisier analysiert. Dies führt nicht nur zu einem anderen Verhältnis im Umgang und bei der Nutzung von Daten durch Menschen und Maschinen, sondern wird auch dramatisch Aufgaben und Prozesse verändern. Die damit verbundenen Arbeitsanforderungen werden zum massiven Wandel von Berufsbildern führen, in dem einfache Tätigkeiten automatisiert und komplexe Tätigkeiten vereinfacht werden. Nicht nur das Arbeiten sondern auch das Lernen, Lehren und Forschen verändert sich durch die Digitalisierung. Die technischen Möglichkeiten wandeln die Lebenswelten mit ihren urbanen Versorgungs- und Infrastrukturen und eröffnen den Wirtschaftsräumen neue Geschäftsmodelle. Diese parallel einsetzenden Entwicklungen führen zu radikalen Umbrüchen, die in den kommenden Jahren sämtliche Aspekte der Gesellschaft verändern werden
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 199 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783662528549
    Language: German
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  • 38
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-07-08
    Description: The Internet connects billions of computational platforms of various sizes, from supercomputers to smart phones. However, the same types of data transmission can connect computational resources to much simpler sensors “at the edge of the net” that collect, analyze, and transmit data, as well as controllers that receive instructions. Devices deployed in the environment, homes and offices, and even our bodies would expand the number of connected devices to the trillions. This “Internet of Things” (IoT) underlies the vision of smart homes and buildings that could sense and transmit their status and respond appropriately (1), or track and report on the state of objects (vehicles, goods, or even animals) in the environment. However, the practical implementation of the IoT has been relatively slow, in part because all of these edge devices must draw electrical power from their local environment. We analyze the use of photovoltaics (PV) to power devices and help bring the IoT to fruition. Authors: Richard Haight, Wilfried Haensch, Daniel Friedman
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 39
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-04-22
    Description: So prized by the ancient Romans were Egyptian obelisks that, at one time, more of them stood in Rome than in Egypt. In the 19th century, France, Britain, and the United States—inspired by Napoleon Bonaparte's expedition to Egypt in 1798— acquired their own major obelisks from Alexandria and Luxor. Cleopatra's Needles, by Egyptologist Bob Brier, explores the engineering challenges associated with building and erecting these massive monuments. Author: Andrew Robinson
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 40
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-10-21
    Description: A physicist reveals the engineering marvels that underlie the modern metropolis Author: Sybil Derrible
    Keywords: Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 41
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-09-09
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 42
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-11-11
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 43
    Unknown
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Vieweg
    Keywords: Engineering ; Robotics ; Automation ; Industrial engineering ; Production engineering ; Engineering economics ; Engineering economy ; Manufacturing industries ; Machines ; Tools ; Engineering ; Industrial and Production Engineering ; Robotics and Automation ; Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing ; Manufacturing, Machines, Tools ; Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet)
    Description / Table of Contents: Einordnung und Hintergründe --- Positionen der Sozialpartner --- Erfahrungen und Herausforderungen in der Industrie --- Forschungsfragen und Entwicklungsstrategien --- Ausblick
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 167 Seiten) , 38 Abbildungen
    ISBN: 9783662459157
    Language: German
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  • 44
    Keywords: Engineering ; Commercial law ; Automotive engineering ; Robotics ; Automation ; Community psychology ; Environmental psychology ; Engineering ; Automotive Engineering ; Robotics and Automation ; Community and Environmental Psychology ; Commercial Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Teil I Human and Machine --- Teil II Mobilität --- Teil III Verkehr --- Teil IV Sicherheit --- Teil V Recht und Haftung --- Teil VI Akzeptanz
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 732 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783662458549
    Language: German
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  • 45
    Keywords: Engineering ; Computer simulation ; Economic theory ; Data-driven Science, Modeling and Theory Building ; Complexity ; Simulation and Modeling ; Applications of Graph Theory and Complex Networks ; Economic Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Financial Market --- Influence Networks in the Foreign Exchange Market --- Entropy and Transfer Entropy: The Dow Jones and the build up to the 1997 Asian Crisis --- Execution and Cancellation Lifetimes in Foreign Currency Market --- Signs of market orders and human dynamics --- Damped oscillatory behaviors in the ratios of stock market indices --- Exploring Market Making Strategy for High Frequency Trading: an Agent-based Approach --- Effect of Cancel Order on Simple Stochastic Order-Book Model --- Chapter 2 Robustness and Fragility --- Cascading failures in interdependent economic networks --- Do connections make systems robust?: a new scenario for the complexity-stability relation --- Simulation of Gross Domestic Product in International Trade Networks: Linear Gravity Transportation Model --- Analysis of Network Robustness for a Japanese Business Relation Network by Percolation Simulation.- Detectability threshold of the spectral method for graph partitioning.- Spread of Infectious Diseases with a Latent Period.-Chapter 3 Interaction and Distribution --- Geographic Dependency of Population Distribution- Spatiotemporal Analysis of Influenza Epidemics in Japan --- A Universal Lifetime Distribution for Multi-Species Systems --- Firm Age Distributions and the Decay Rate of Firm Activities --- Empirical Analysis of Firm-Dynamics on Japanese Inter-firm trade Network --- Direct participants’ behavior through the lens of transactional analysis: the case of SPEI --- Chapter 4 Traffic and Pedestrian --- Pedestrian Dynamics in Jamology --- Qualitative Methods of Validating Evacuation Behaviors --- Collective dynamics of pedestrians with no fixed destination --- Traffic Simulation of Kobe-city --- MOSAIIC: city-level agent-based traffic simulation adapted to emergency situations --- GUI for Agent Based Modeling --- Chapter 5 Social Media --- Emotional Changes in Japanese Blog Space Resulting from the 3.11 Earthquake --- Modeling of ENJYO via process of consensus formation on SNS --- A network structure of emotional interactions in an electronic bulletin board --- Scale-free network topologies with clustering similar to online social networks --- Identifying Colors of Products and Associated Personalized Recommendation Engine in e-Fashion Business
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 346 pages)
    ISBN: 9783319205915
    Language: English
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 127-162 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Least squares ; Finite element ; p-version ; Error functional ; Power-law-fluid ; Non-isothermal ; Degrees of freedom ; p-convergence ; Hierarchial ; Newton's method ; Line search ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents a p- version least squares finite element formulation (LSFEF) for two-dimensional, incompressible, non-Newtonian fluid flow under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. The dimensionless forms of the diffential equations describing the fluid motion and heat transfer are cast into a set of first-order differential equations using non-Newtonian stresses and heat fluxes as auxiliary variables. The velocities, pressure and temperature as well as the stresses and heat fluxes are interpolated using equal-order, C0-continuous, p-version hierarchical approximation functions. The application of least squares minimization to the set of coupled first-order non-linear partial differential equations results in finding a solution vector {δ} which makes the partial derivatives of the error functional with respect to {δ} a null vector. This is accomplished by using Newton's method with a line search.The paper presents the implementation of a power-law model for the non-Newtonian Viscosity. For the non-isothermal case the fluid properties are considered to be a function of temperature. Three numerical examples (fully developed flow between parallel plates, symmetric sudden expansion and lid-driven cavity) are presented for isothermal power-law fluid flow. The Couette shear flow problem and the 4:1 symmetric sudden expansion are used to present numerical results for non-isothermal power-law fluid flow. The numerical examples demonstrate the convergence characteristics and accuracy of the formulation.
    Additional Material: 31 Ill.
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  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 257-271 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this paper a new, highly accurate method called PH is presented for the numerical integration of partial differential equations. The method is applied for the solution of the one-dimensional diffusion equation. Upon integrating the equation within a subdomain of space and time using the prismoidal approximation, a three-point implicit scheme is obtained with a truncation error of order O(k4, h6), where k and h represent the time and space steps respectively. The method is stable under the condition s = αk/h2 ≤ S(δ), where the function S(δ) increases as the parameter δ decreases from 1/12 to negative values. In practice the method behaves as unconditionally stable upon choosing an appropriate value for δ. A new formula is also adopted for the implementation of a Neumann boundary condition, introducing a truncation error of order O(h4). Numerical solutions are obtained incorporating Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. The results prove that our method is far more accurate than any other-implicit or explicit method.
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 333-335 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. iii 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 27-42 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: We are interested in solving second-order PDEs with multigrid and unstructured meshes. The multigrid strategy we present here is adapted from the generalized finite volume agglomeration multigrid algorithm we have developed recently for the solution of the Euler equations. We now focus on Poisson's equation. A strategy is defined by introducing a correction factor for the diffusive terms, and some illustrating results are given.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 43-69 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Least squares ; Finite element ; p-version ; Error functional ; Degrees of freedom ; p-convergence ; Newton's method ; Line search ; Navier-Stokes ; Hierarchical ; Driven cavity ; Asymmetric expansion ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A p-version least squares finite element formulation for non-linear problems is applied to the problem of steady, two-dimensional, incompressible fluid flow. The Navier-Stokes equations are cast as a set of first-order equations involving viscous stresses as auxiliary variables. Both the primary and auxiliary variables are interpolated using equal-order C0 continuity, p-version hierarchical approximation functions. The least squares functional (or error functional) is constructed using the system of coupled first-order non-linear partial differential equations without linearization, approximations or assumptions. The minimization of this least squares error functional results in finding a solution vector {δ} for which the partial derivative of the error functional (integrated sum of squares of the errors resulting from individual equations for the entire discretization) with respect to the nodal degrees of freedom {δ} becomes zero. This is accomplished by using Newton's method with a line search. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the convergence characteristics and accuracy of the method.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
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  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 543-544 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 605-625 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Vertex-centred ; Finite volume ; Multigrid ; Navier-Stokes ; Shock detection ; Turbulence ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper introduces a vertex-centred finite volume method for compressible viscous flow incorporating a new shock detection procedure. The discretization is designed to be robust and accurate on the highly stretched and curved meshes necessary for resolving turbulent boundary layers around the leading edge of an aerofoil. Details of the method are described for two-dimensional problems and the natural extension of three-dimensional multiblock meshes is discussed. The shock detection procedure is used to limit the range of the shock-capturing dissipation specifically to regions containing shocks. For transonic turbulent flow this is shown to improve the boundary layer representation significantly.
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  • 55
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 56
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 669-694 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Free surface ; Finite element ; Viscous flow ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A new finite element procedure called the net inflow method has been developed to simulate time-dependent incompressible viscous flow including moving free surfaces and inertial effects. As a fixed mesh approach with triangular element, the net inflow method can be used to analyse the free surface flow in both regular and irregular domains. Most of the empty elements are excluded from the computational domain, which is adjusted successively to cover the entire region occupied by the liquid. The volume of liquid in a control volume is updated by integrating the net inflow of liquid during each iteration. No additional kinetic equation or material marker needs to be considered. The pressure on the free surface and in the liquid region can be solved explicitly with the continuity equation or implicitly by using the penalty function method. The radial planar free surface flow near a 2D point source and the dam-breaking problem on either a dry bed or a still liquid have been analysed and presented in this paper. The predictions agree very well with available analytical solutions, experimental measurements and/or other numerical results.
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  • 57
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 721-731 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Generalized integral transform technique ; Boundary layer ; Sphere ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The generalized integral transform technique is applied to the boundary layer equations for flow over a sphere in their primitive variables. Even though a diffusion-based eigenvalue problem is used, the velocity profile, shear stress and separation point have been calculated with high accuracy. Low-order approximations are shown to be accurate near the surface and the predictions of the separation point is very good. Comparison with finite difference results shows the better convergence behaviour of the integral transform method.
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  • 58
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994) 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 59
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 1135-1151 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Navier-Stokes ; Mixed formulation ; Bi-CGSTAB ; Incomplete LU ; Inner iterations ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In the present work a new iterative method for solving the Navier-Stokes equations is designed. In a previous paper a coupled node fill-in preconditioner for iterative solution of the Navier-Stokes equations proved to increase the convergence rate considerably compared with traditional preconditioners. The further development of the present iterative method is based on the same storage scheme for the equation matrix as for the coupled node fill-in preconditioner. This storage scheme separates the velocity, the pressure and the coupling of pressure and velocity coefficients in the equation matrix. The separation storage scheme allows for an ILU factorization of both the velocity and pressure unknowns. With the inner-outer solution scheme the velocity unknowns are eliminated before the resulting equation system for the pressures is solved iteratively. After the pressure unknown has been found, the pressures are substituted into the original equation system and the velocities are also found iteratively. The behaviour of the inner-outer iterative solution algorithm is investigated in order to find optimal convergence criteria for the inner iterations and compared with the solution algorithm for the original equation system. The results show that the coupled node fill-in preconditioner of the original equation system is more efficient than the coupled node fill-in preconditioner of the reduced equation system. However, the solution technique of the reduced equation system revals properties which may be advantageous in future solution algorithms.
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  • 60
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 1211-1212 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 1213-1214 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 62
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 1-22 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Ladle ; Two-phase flow ; Navier-Stokes ; SUPG ; Streamline diffusion ; Stabilized algorithm ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The modelling of liquid flow in gas-stirred vessels is described. A simple two-phase model accounts for the buoyancy effect of bubbles. Friction between liquid and gas is modelled with the hypothesis of independent bubbles. The resulting PDE system is discretized with an original version of the SUPG-FEM technique which stabilizes both the convection term and equal-order interpolations for velocity and pressure, which are known to be unstable for incompressible flows. The resulting steady state discrete system is solved via pseudotemporal explicit iteration with a local time step and a preconditioning to homogenize the temporal scales for liquid and gas.
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  • 63
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 41-65 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Newton's method ; Interface ; Floating zone ; Thermocapillary flow ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Newton's method is applied to the finite volume approximation for the steady state heat transfer, fluid flow and unknown interfaces in a floating molten zone. The streamfunction/vorticity and temperature formulation of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations and their associated boundary conditions are written in generalized curvilinear co-ordinates and conservative law form with the Boussinesq approximation. During Newton iteration the ILU(0) preconditioned GMRES matrix solver is applied for solving the linear system, where the sparse Jacobian matrix is estimated by finite differences. Nearly quadratic convergence of the method is observed. Sample calculations are reported for sodium nitrate, a high-Prandtl-number material (Pr = 9.12). Both natural convection and thermocapillary flow as well as an overall mass balance constraint in the molten zone are considered. The effects of convection and heat input on the flow patterns, zone position and interface shapes are illustrated. After the lens effect due to the molten zone is considered, the calculated flow patterns and interface shapes are compared with the observed ones and are found to be in good agreement.
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  • 64
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994) 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 65
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 135-152 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Turbulent flow ; Swirling flow ; k-∊ model ; Control volume ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A control volume finite element method that uses a triangular grid has been applied for solving confined turbulent swirling flows. To treat the velocity-pressure coupling, the vorticity-streamfunction formulation has been used. For turbulence effects the k-∊ model has been adopted. Consistent with the use of wall functions in the near-wall regions, a boundary condition for the calculation of the vorticity at computational boundaries is proposed and used effectively. The discretized equations are obtained by making use of an exponential interpolation function. Its use has been beneficial in reducing numerical diffusion. Comparisons of the current predictions with available experimental and numerical data from the literature showed generally fair agreement.
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  • 66
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 1-26 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Axisymmetric flow ; Laminar flow ; Control-volume finite element method ; Mass-weighted skew upwind interpolation ; Flow-oriented upwind interpolation ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The formulation of a control-volume-based finite element method (CVFEM) for axisymmetric, two-dimensional, incompressible fluid flow and heat transfer in irregular-shaped domains is presented. The calculation domain is discretized into torus-shaped elements and control volumes. In a longitudinal cross-sectional plane, these elements are three-node triangles, and the control volumes are polygons obtained by joining the centroids of the three-node triangles to the mid-points of the sides. Two different interpolation schemes are proposed for the scalar-dependent variables in the advection terms: a flow-oriented upwind function, and a mass-weighted upwind function that guarantees that the discretized advection terms contribute positively to the coefficients in the discretized equations. In the discretization of diffusion transport terms, the dependent variables are interpolated linearly. An iterative sequential variable adjustment algorithm is used to solve the discretized equations for the velocity components, pressure and other scalar-dependent variables of interest. The capabilities of the proposed CVFEM are demonstrated by its application to four different example problems. The numerical solutions are compared with the results of independent numerical and experimental investigations. These comparisons are quite encouraging.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 123-125 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 163-188 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Non-linear interaction ; Hydrodynamic ; Spectral ; Finite difference ; Tidal current ; Wind-driven current ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A single-point model in the vertical is used to examine the coupling between tidal currents and wind-driven flows in shallow near-coastal regions. Calculations using both a linear slip and a no-slip condition at the sea bed clearly show that coupling between tidal and wind-driven currents cannot occur in a linear model with a time-independent eddy viscosity. However with a physically more realistic time-varying viscosity related to the flow field, coupling does occur, the magnitude of this non-linear interaction depending upon the change in eddy viscosity over a tidal cycle and the intensity of shear in the vertical. A point model in the vertical with flow induced by an oscillatory pressure gradient and an additional constant wind stress is used to examine the influence of viscosity parametrization and water depth upon this coupling.The solution in the vertical is accomplished using both a functional approach and a finite difference method. Some conclusions as to the relative merits of these approaches, particularly the use of a transformed grid in the case of high-shear surface and bed boundary layers, are made in the paper.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 215-226 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Galerkin method ; Hermite, Lagrange and simplex finite elements ; Mixed UVP ; Continuous and discrete penalty ; Least-squares method ; Low-viscosity laminar flow ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper deals with a critical evaluation of various finite element models for low-viscosity laminar incompressible flow in geometrically complex domains. These models use Galerkin weighted residuals UVP, continuous penalty, discrete penalty and least-squares procedures. The model evaluations are based on the use of appropriate tensor product Lagrange and simplex quadratic triangular elements and a newly developed isoparametric Hermite element. All of the described models produce very accurate results for horizontal flows. In vertical flow domains, however, two different cases can be recognized. Downward flows, i.e. when the gravitational force is in the direction of the flow, usually do not present any special problem. In contrast, laminar flow of low-viscosity Newtonian fluids where the gravitational force is acting in the direction opposite to the flow presents a difficult case. We show that only by using the least-squares method in conjunction with C1-continuous Hermite elements can this type of laminar flow be modelled accurately. The problem of smooth isoparametric mapping of C1 Hermite elements, which is necessary in dealing with geometrically complicated domains, is tackled by means of an auxiliary optimization procedure. We conclude that the least-squares method in combination with isoparmetric Hermite elements offers a new general-purpose modelling technique which can accurately simulate all types of low-viscosity incompressible laminar flow in complex domains.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 229-256 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Navier-Stokes ; Non-linear iteration ; Preconditioned conjugate gradient ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this study, the discretized finite volume form of the two-dimensional, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is solved using both a frozen coefficient and a full Newton non-linear iteration. The optimal method is a combination of these two techniques. The linearized equations are solved using a conjugate-gradient-like method (CGSTAB). Various types of preconditioning are developed. Completely general sparse matrix methods are used. Investigations are carried out to determine the effect of finite volume cell anisotropy on the preconditioner. Numerical results are given for several test problems.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994) 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 72
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 693-705 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Boundary conditions ; Artificial boundary ; Internal flow ; Incompressible flows ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The aim of this paper is to give open boundary conditions for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. From a weak formulation in velocity-pressure variables, some natural boundary conditions involving the traction or pseudotraction and inertial terms are established. Numerical experiments on the flow behind a cylinder show the efficiency of these conditions, which convey properly the vortices downstream. Comparisons with other boundary conditions for the velocity and pressure are also performed.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 737-738 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 74
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 575-604 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Radiation boundary conditions ; Open boundary conditions ; Shallow water wave equations ; Sommerfeld condition ; Klein-Gordon equation ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A second-order radiation boundary condition (RBC) is derived for 2D shallow water problems posed in ‘wave equation’ form and is implemented within the Galerkin finite element framework. The RBC is derived by matching the dispersion relation for the interior wave equation with an approximate solution to the exterior problem for outgoing waves. The matching is correct to second order, accounting for curvature of the wave front and the geometry. Implementation is achieved by using the RBC as an evolution equation for the normal gradient on the boundary, coupled through the natural boundary integral of the Galerkin interior problem. The formulation is easily implemented on non-straight, unstructured meshes of simple elements. Test cases show fidelity to solutions obtained on extended meshes and improvement relative to simpler first-order RBCs.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 647-668 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Euler equations ; Finite element method ; Implicit scheme ; Unsteady flow ; Transonic flow ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: An implicit finite element method is presented for the solution of steady and unsteady inviscid compressible flows on triangular meshes under transonic conditions. The method involves a first-order time-stepping scheme with a finite element discretization that reduces to central differencing on a rectangular mesh. On a solid wall the slip condition is prescribed and the pressure is obtained from an approximation of the normal momentum equation. With this solver no artificial viscosity is added to ensure the success of the calculation. Numerical examples are given for steady and unsteady cases.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 687-692 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Open boundary conditions ; Flow stability ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: We consider uniform flow of a Newtonian fluid trasverse to a domain bounded by parallel planes. We investigate the possibility of introducing instabilities in this flow by the choice of inflow and outflow conditions. Some instabilities of this kind are found.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 827-847 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: TVD ; Unstructured mesh algorithms ; Euler equations ; Hypersonic flows ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The Galerkin finite element method is used as the basis for the construction of schemes for the solution of the two-dimensional compressible Euler equations on unstructured triangular grids. The use of a side-based data structure readily allows for the construction of a local (structured) stencil and the incorporation of a high-resolution shock-capturing method formulated within the TVD concept. The essential features of the finite element side-based scheme and the ID TVD approach are described and their numerical implementation is discussed. The choice of limiters and the support for their computation are analysed and the solutions of some inviscid flows, obtained by advancing explicitly in time, are presented.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 869-888 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: k-∊ model ; Two-layer model ; Low-Reynolds number model ; Wall function method ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The fully elliptic Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations have been used together with Lam and Bremhorst's low-Reynolds-number model, Chen and Patel's two-layer model and a two-point wall function method incorporated into the standard k-∊ model to predict channel flows and a backward-facig step flow. These flows enable the evaluation of the performance of different near-wall treatments in flows involving streamwise and normal pressure gradients, flows with separation and flows with non-equilibrium turbulence characteristics. Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a channel flow with Re =3200 further provides the detailed budgets of each modelling term of the k and ∊-transport equations. Comparison of model results with DNS data to evaluate the performance of each modelling term is also made in the present study. It is concluded that the low-Reynolds-number model has wider applicability and performs better than the two-layer model and wall function approaches. Comparison with DNS data further shows that large discrepancies exist between the DNS budgets and the modelled production and destruction terms of the ∊ equation. However, for simple channel flow the discrepancies are similar in magnitude but opposite in sign, so they are cancelled by each other. This may explain why, even when employing such an inaccurately modelled ∊-equation, one can still predict satisfactorily some simple turbulent flows.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 959-960 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 961-979 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Confined flow ; Swirling flow ; Turbulence model ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The bifurcation of confined swirling flows was numerically investigated by employing both the k-∊ and algebraic stress turbulence models. Depending upon the branch solution examined, dual flow patterns were predicted at certain swirl levels. In the lower-branch solution which is obtained by gradually increasing the swirl level from a low-swirl flow, the flow changes with increasing swirl number from the low-swirl flow pattern to a high-swirl flow pattern. In the upper-branch solution which is acquired by gradually decreasing the swirl level from a high-swirl flow, on the other hand, the flow can maintain itself in the high-swirl flow pattern at the swirl levels where it exhibits the low-swirl flow pattern in the lower branch. The bifurcation of confined swirling flows was predicted with either the k-∊ model or the algebraic stress model being employed. Both the k-∊ and algebraic stress models result in comparable and sufficiently good predictions for confined swirling flows if high-order numerical schemes are used. The reported poor performance of the k-∊ model was clarified to be mainly attributable to the occurrence of the bifurcation and the use of low-order numerical schemes.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 997-1012 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Advection ; Method of characteristics ; Finite difference ; Flux limiter ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The use of the highest-order ((N - 1)th-order) Lagrangian interpolation Polynomial for the approximation of the exact solution in the backward characteristics scheme with N nodes is inefficient owing to the excessive number of terms in the polynomial. New schemes based on a combination of lower-order polynomials to approximate the exact solution are developed, with the relative weighting of the polynomials determined by Fourier mode analysis. With the addition of a flux limiter and a modified discriminator, the resulting schemes are oscillation-free, highly accurate, efficient and more cost-effective as compared with those schemes using the highest-order Lagrangian polynomial.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 889-903 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: SIMPLE-like algorithm ; Average pressure correction ; Paper filter ; Turbulent flow ; Sampler ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The control volume, finite difference method and the k-∊ tubulence model are employed in a numerical simulation of the turbulent fluid flow both outside and inside a blunt cylindrical sampler which houses a paper filter in its chamber. The presence of a paper filter, which has a very large resistance, results in a large pressure drop across the filter and this causes difficulties in making the SIMPLE or the SIMPLEC scheme converge. In order to improve the rate of convergence of the SIMPLE-like algorithm when the resistance of the filter is very large, an average pressure correction formula is proposed. Based on global mass conservation, a line average pressure correction for the paper filter is derived using a modified Darcy law for a porous medium. A combination of this formula and the SIMPLE-like algorithm can rapidly build up the pressure drop across the filter and hence dramatically improve the rate of convergence of the iterative scheme. Comparisons of the convergence histories and the numerical results for the fluid flow when using SIMPLE and SIMPLEC with the average pressure correction method show that the average pressure correction method for dealing with the paper filter significantly accelerates the rate of convergence of the iterative scheme.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 905-938 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Dynamic vorticity condition ; Theoretical analysis ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The dynamic boundary conditions for vorticity, derived from the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, are examined from both theoretical and computational points of view. It is found that these conditions can be either local (Neumann type) or global (Dirichlet type), both containing coupling with the boundary pressure, which is the main difficulty in applying vorticity-based methods. An integral formulation is presented to analyse the structure of vorticity and pressure solutions, especially the strength of the coupling. We find that for high-Reynolds-number flows the coupling is weak and, if necessary, can be effectively bypassed by simple iteration. In fact, even a fully decoupled approximation is well applicable for most Reynolds numbers of practical interest. The fractional step method turns out to be especially appropriate for implementing the decoupled approximation. Both integral and finite difference methods are tested for some simple cases with known exact solutions. In the integral approach smoothed heat kernels are used to increase the accuracy of numerical quadrature. For the more complicated problem of impulsively started flow over a circular cylinder at Re = 9500 the finite difference method is used. The results are compared against numerical solutions and fine experiments with good agreement. These numerical experiments confirm our thoeretical analysis and show the advantages of the dynamic condition in computing high-Reynolds-number flows.
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  • 84
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 939-956 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Turbulence models ; Confined jets ; Recirculation ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A numerical study of confined jets in a cylindrical duct is carried out to examine the performance of two recently proposed turbulence models: an RNG-based K-∊ model and a realizable Reynolds stress algebraic equation model. The former is of the same form as the standard K-∊ model but has different model coefficients. The latter uses an explicit quadratic stress-strain relationship to model the turbulent stresses and is capable of ensuring the positivity of each turbulent normal stress. The flow considered involves recirculation with unfixed separation and reatachment points and severe adverse pressure gradients, thereby providing a valuable test of the predictive capability of the models for complex flows. Calculations are performed with a finite volume procedure. Numerical credibility of the solutions is ensured by using second-order-accurate differencing schemes and sufficiently fine grids. Calculations with the standard K-∊ model are also made for comparison. Detailed comparisons with experiments show that the realizable Reynolds stress algebraic equation model consistently works better than does the standard K-∊ model in capturing the essential flow features, while the RNG-based K-∊ model does not seem to give improvements over the standard K-∊ model under the flow conditions considered.
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  • 85
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 86
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 981-995 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Pressure-based method ; All-speed ; Blast wave ; Two-phase flow ; Combustion instability ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: An improved pressure-based method has been applied to predict the two-dimensional instability analysis of liquid-fuelled rocket engines. This method is non-iterative for transient flow calculations and applicable to all-speed flows. Validation cases include the shock-tube problem, the blast flow field and unsteady spraycombusting flows. Computations for the combustion instability analysis were carried out for various combustion parameters such as spray initial conditions and combustor geometries. Unsteady behaviours of the stable and unstable spray flame fields and effects of acoustic oscillations on the fuel droplet vaporization and combustion process are studied in detail. The present numerical model successfully demonstrates the capability of predicting combustion instability as well as fast transient compressible flows at all speeds.
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  • 87
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 1051-1053 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 88
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. i 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 89
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 1055-1081 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Multiphase porous media flow ; Primary variable selection ; Horizontal wells ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Numerical simulation of steam flush for clean-up of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contaminated groundwater sites involves solution of the multiphase, multicomponent subsurface flow equations. This paper describes techniques for discretizing problems with horizontal wells in a three-dimensiontetrahedral mesh. The effectiveness of non-linear flux limiters for reducing numerical dispersion is discussed. Primary variable selection and thermodynamic state transition rules will also be compared. Some example results for several steam flush scenarios will be presented.
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  • 90
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 1137-1138 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 91
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 89-103 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Air entrainment ; Pressure surges ; Wave speed ; Pumping installations ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In pumping installations such as sewage pumping stations, where gas content and air entrainment exist, the computation of fluid pressure transients in pipelines becomes grossly inaccurate when a constant wave speed is assumed. An accurate numerical model with gas release and absorption has been developed in this paper and used to compute the fluid pressure transients in the pumping mains of selected pumping installations. Free and dissolved gases in the transported fluid and cavitation at vapour pressure are also modelled. When compared with the gas-free case, computations show that entrained, entrapped or released gases amplify the positive pressure peak, increase surge damping and produce asymmetric pressure surges. While the upsurge with air entrainment in the pipelines was considerably amplified, the downsurge was only marginally reduced. The computed results show good agreement with the data available.
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  • 92
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 363-364 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 93
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 395-413 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Euler implicit scheme ; Pseudocompressibility ; Moving grid system ; Free surface fitting ; Baldwin-Lomax turbulence model ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A Navier-Stokes equation solver is developed for computing free surface wave and viscous flow around an arbitrary body, in which a free surface model is introduced into the pseudocompressibility solution. The governing equations are classified in a vectorial form, with primitive variables, and a block diagonal system is generated by the discretization of an implicit factorization method. A moving grid system fitted to both the free surface and body surface is generated by an effective cubic spline fitting technique. Two zero-equation turbulence models, namely the Cebeci-Smith model and the Baldwin-Lomax model, are used for turbulent calculations. Numerical simulations are carried out for the free surface viscous flows generated by a submerged hydrofoil and a ship model. Computed results are in reasonable agreement with measurements.
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  • 94
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 459-462 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 95
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 439-455 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Incompressible Navier-Stokes ; Newton's method ; Conjugate gradient ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: An inexact Newton method is used to solve the steady, incompressible Navier-Stokes and energy equation. Finite volume differencing is employed on a staggered grid using the power law scheme of Patankar. Natural convection in an enclosed cavity is studied as the model problem. Two conjugate-gradient -like algorithms based upon the Lanczos biorthogonalization procedure are used to solve the linear systems arising on each Newton iteration. The first conjugate-gradient-like algorithm is the transpose-free quasi-minimal residual algorithm (TFQMR) and the second is the conjugate gradients squared algorithm (CGS). Incomplete lower-upper (ILU) factorization of the Jacobian matrix is used as a right preconditioner. The performance of the Newton- TFQMR algorithm is studied with regard to different choices for the TFQMR convergence criteria and the amount of fill-in allowed in the ILU factorization. Performance data are compared with results using the Newton-CGS algorithm and previous results using LINPACK banded Gaussian elimination (direct-Newton). The inexact Newton algorithms were found to be CPU competetive with the direct-Newton algorithm for the model problem considered. Among the inexact Newton algorithms, Newton-CGS outperformed Newton- TFQMR with regard to CPU time but was less robust because of the sometimes erratic CGS convergence behaviour.
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  • 96
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 97
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 361-383 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Boundary-fitted co-ordinates ; Stratified flow ; Hydrostatic pressure ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In stratified three-dimensional models the use of a boundary-fitted vertical co-ordinate is known to produce errors in the horizontal pressure gradient calculation near steep topography. The error is due to the splitting of the horizontal pressure gradient term in each of the momentum equations into two parts and the subsequent incomplete cancellation of the truncation errors of those parts. In order to minimize these pressure gradient errors, a fourth-order-accurate pressure gradient calculation has been implemented and installed in SPEM, a three-dimensional primitive equation ocean model. The stability and accuracy of the new scheme are compared with those of the original second-order-accurate model in a series of calculations of unforced flow in the vicinity of an isolated seamount. The new scheme is shown to have much smaller pressure gradient errors over a wide range of parameter space as well as a greater parametric domain of numerical stability.
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  • 98
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 99
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 747-760 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Computer-aided design ; Adaptive methods ; Panel methods ; Computational fluid dynamics ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The work outlined below presents simple but effective adaptive meshing algorithms for boundary integral methods modelling inviscid flows (panel method) using the IGES standard for describing geometry. By using certain IGES entities in describing the boundary, CAD-derived geometry may be used such that the geometric integrity of the boundary is maintained after an adaptive redistribution of the mesh. Three types of error estimators are tested and all are shown to produce a more accurate representation of the flow phenomena for the same number of panels as compared with a uniform mesh distribution.
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  • 100
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 269-270 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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