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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of economics 70 (1999), S. 37-60 
    ISSN: 1617-7134
    Keywords: cross-supplies ; subcontracting ; Stackelberg ; L13 ; L22
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Cross-supplies describe the phenomenon that two or more firms in the same industry supply each other with their final products. A prominent example is the cooperation in the European flat-glass industry, which was recently criticized by the European Commission. In a simple model we attempt to explain what incentives firms may have to use cross-supplies (instead of producing the goods themselves) and what welfare effects cross-supplies have if they are used. Contrary to the ruling of the European Commission we find that cross-supplies improve welfare whenever they are employed. Furthermore, for a large range of parameters, they even benefit consumers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Constitutional political economy 7 (1996), S. 197-219 
    ISSN: 1572-9966
    Keywords: H11 ; L22
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Taking the approach of the superfirm, we characterize government organization through six different features. First, citizens are viewed as sovereign owners of a superfirm; elected officials are employees of the sovereign citizens. Second, in analogy to the economic principle of the division of labor and specialization, a division of labor between five independent branches of government is advocated: the legislative, the budgetary, the executive, the law enforcement, and the judiciary branch. Third, we do not suggest a mechanism of checks and balances between government branches but deal with the threat of tyranny using the principle of separation of decision control and decision management developed by Eugene Fama and Michael Jensen. Fourth, with election as a decision control device, we demarcate the constituency of the budgetary branch by age groups to provide an explicit control mechanism for intertemporal and intergenerational trades. Fifth, to strengthen sovereign citizens' decision control, the powers to recall elected chief public servants, to declare emergency and war, to sign into international treaties, and to amend the constitution are vested with a national assembly. Sixth, there is no head of state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Empirica 22 (1995), S. 167-184 
    ISSN: 1573-6911
    Keywords: Financial constraints ; asymmetric information ; 030 ; L22 ; G24 ; D82 ; G14
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The paper compares the relative efficiency of “country models” in the relationship between finance and investments. Results, confirmed under three different panel data estimates (“Arellano-Bond” GMM method, random and fixed effect estimates) suggest that: i) the UK “thick market” reduces informational asymmetries for large firms and for those firms providing good signals to shareholders; ii) the Japanese “vertical (between firms and banks) integration” and horizontal (among firms) integration” almost eliminates financial constraints (the horizontal integration effect) and equates agency costs across firms (the vertical integration effect). These results are consistent with the “short-termist” hypothesis which assumes that the Japanese economic system can process information more efficiently reducing managerial myopic behaviour and thereby determining positive effects on long term growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Constitutional political economy 6 (1995), S. 263-279 
    ISSN: 1572-9966
    Keywords: D23 ; D83 ; L22 ; P16 ; O31
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract A constitutional explanation of the economic dynamism of the East Asian Confucian economies is proposed. The main hypothesis is that the synergy between the extended order of generalized rules, first introduced by Western civilization, and the bounded governance of Confucian societies has produced a comparative cultural and institutional advantage for the five tigers in East Asia. As a pure form, the extended order, represented in Western society by a system of private property rights, a system of impersonal and generalized markets and a formal-rational system of law and administration, is far more efficient than the bounded governance of Confucian societies in the East Asia, which is characterized by the particularistic human relations and familistic, clannish, and other forms of personal ties and connections. Nevertheless, once a linkage to the extended order is established—overcoming the limits of personal exchange—Confucian ethics can support the bounded governance structures of clans, networks, communities, and familistic corporations that are effective in governing those complex tasks in which property rights are difficult to divide and allocate, individual performance is difficult to measure, and complete contract is either difficult to make or hard to enforce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 54 (1994), S. 57-78 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Principal-agent ; multi-agents ; linear incentive schemes ; firm organization ; environmental policy ; JEL D82 ; L22 ; Q28
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Two types of linear-quadratic principal-agent models will be considered: one in which a single agent has to perform several tasks and one in which several agents have to perform a certain task. For both models, we derive optimal contractual principal-agent relations. It turns out that under certain conditions (concerning risk-aversion and the correlation of the agents' outcome) the multiple-agent problem reduces to a multiple-task one-agent problem. Our results will be discussed within the framework of (multiple-) point pollution to which, in addition, also the results of the standard principal-agent model will be applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of evolutionary economics 3 (1993), S. 127-144 
    ISSN: 1432-1386
    Keywords: Theory of the firm ; Integration strategies ; Economic competence ; L22
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The article compares alternative approaches to the theory of the firm. The two main approaches confronted are the contractual (Coasian) perspective and the competence (evolutionary) perspective. Whereas the firm as a repository of tacit knowledge is neglected in the contractual perspectives, it occupies center stage in the competence perspective. It is argued that the competence perspective is not only applicable an understanding of the sources of firms' competitive advantage, but may also be applied to the issues of the existence and the boundaries of the firm. This means that a distinct theory of the firm can be constructed on the basis of evolutionary theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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