ALBERT

Description: In this volume, Agassiz gives a detailed account of the results of the cruises of the Coastal Survey Steamer "Blake". The cruises covered the East coast of the United States along with some parts of the Caribbean waters and the Gulf of Mexico. The deep sea formations are described in detail. It is during these cruises that the first nodule from the Blake Plateau was recovered and its mixed nature of both phosphate and manganese deposit was identified.

Description: 1. Pachyteria zonopteroides Fleutiaux, Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 1887, p. 66; pl. 4, fig. 6 = Callichroma Griffithii Hope, Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Vol. XVIII (1840) p. 440; tab. 80, fig. 2. ( Aphrodisium Griffithii Hope in the Munich Catalogue), 2. Euoplia argenteo-maculata Aurivillius, Entomologisk Tidskrift. Bd. VIII (1887) p. 196, fig. 3 = Lamia pulchellator Westwood, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1837, p. 128. ( Batocera pulchellator Westw. in the Munich Catalogue).

Description: Bright green, changing to olive-brown and deep red in certain lights; a small spot on the forehead piceous red, thorax with a large triangular discal spot either entirely black, or piceous with the angles red, sometimes with a small green spot on each side at the base; elytra with a large basal spot, partly or entirely divided by a green stripe just within the humeral prominence, and a large oblique spot on the apical half black; antennae, tibiae and outer margin of the posterior coxae red, tarsi black or piceous. Head rather coarsely but not very closely punctured, a narrow central longitudinal ridge, flattened, slightly dilated and free at its apex; clypeus impressed in front, the apical margin strongly reflexed and slightly notched in the. centre. Thorax trisinuous at the base, rounded at the sides with the anterior angles a little produced, very finely and sparingly punctured on the disk, the sides rather coarsely punctured. Scutellum impunctate. Elytra with some rows of fine remote punctures towards the sides and apex and an impressed row of coarse punctures next the suture behind, the lateral margin towards the apex and the apical margin slightly serrate, the suture elevated behind and acute at the apex. Pygidium with coarse remote punctures, the apical margin fringed with yellowish grey hairs. Beneath sparsely punctured, mesosternal process long, obtusely pointed and incurved at the apex; abdomen strongly impressed in the centre, legs sparsely punctured, the femora slightly strigose, anterior tibiae without lateral teeth.

Description: Among a number of species of Erotylidae, sent to me by Mr. Ritsema for determination , there are a great many of the very highest interest. About seventeen are new, including four for which it is necessary to make new genera, while others were up to this time only known by the unique types in the late Mr. Crotch’s or my own collection. I have had unusual facilities for this work, the Cambridge collection, formed by the late Mr. Crotch, being at present in my hand for the purposes of the description of the Erotylidae for the Biologia Centrali-Americana. This collection contains the types from Chevrolat’s, Guérin Méneville’s, E. Sheppard’s, Reiche’s and other collections; my own possesses the West African species from the late Mr. A. Murray’s collection, and I am indebted to Dr. D. Sharp for the opportunity of examining, among other little known species, a type of Tritomidea translucida received from Motschulsky, also Tritomidea rubripes Reitter, Euxestus minor Sharp, Hypodacne punctata Lec. etc. This has been a very great aid to me, for it enables me to say certainly that some species referred by Crotch doubtfully to Tritomidea, and others so referred by myself, have no connection with that genus, and that Tritomidea and some allied genera are at present only doubtfully placed in the Erotylidae, and will form at least a separate sub-family.

Description: Angusta, elongata, nigro-cyanea, capite prothoraceque supra et subtus rufis, corpore subtus nigro, coxis ferrugineis; capite sat magno, diffuse et subtiliter punctato, antennis nigris ad basim ferrugineis, articulo septimo dilatato, octavo triangulariter dilatato, 9°—11° majoribus, subaequaliter; prothorace latitudine longiori, distincte marginato, lateribus leviter rotundatis, ante basim sinuatis, angulis posticis acutiusculis, disco diffuse et subtiliter punctato, ad basim depresso, depressione linea longitudinali utrimque instructa; scutello lævi; elytris ad apicem sensim angustatis, apicibus ipsis vix oblique truncatis , sat fortiter punctatostriatis; metasterno fere lævi, abdomine diffuse punctato, lineis coxalibus brevibus, indistinctis; pedibus modicis, nigropiceis, tarsis subtus densius pilosis. — Long. 5½—6 mm. Narrow and elongate, nigro-cyaneous, with the head and thorax red, the underside of the rest of the body black, scarcely cyaneous, and the coxae ferruginous; head moderately large, finely and diffusely punctured; antennæ black, ferruginous at base, with a 4-jointed club, the 8th joint however being considerably smaller than the 9th; thorax longer than broad, with the sides gently rounded, and sinuate before base, diffusely punctured, posterior angles acute, base depressed with a short longitudinal stria on each side of the depression; elytra gradually narrowed to apex, with rows of rather strong punctures; metasternum and abdomen very diffusely punctured, last segment of the latter rather strongly punctured, coxal lines short and more or less obsolete; legs pitchy black, tarsi rather strongly pilose beneath.

Description: In the Vol. IX of »Notes from the Leyden Museum” (1887, p. 212) M. Fairmaire has honoured my description of a new genus of Bostrychidae (this Journal, Vol. VII, 1885, p. 51) with a short but attractive notice. There is no ground for M. Fairmaire’s assertion that the genus Apoleon Gorham is identical with Dysides Perty. The difference of the countries from which they come, Siam and South America, was alone sufficient to raise this presumption. Nor does it belong to the Ptinides (Anobiidae is what M. Fairmaire intends I presume), nor is there any reason to think Dysides itself does not belong to the Bostrychidae, where Westwood places it.

Description: a. Mâle adulte monté, un des types de l’espèce. Côte de Guinée, Dabocrom. Des collections de M. Pel. (Sq.). b. Femelle adulte montée, un des types de l’espèce. Dabocrom. Pel.

Description: It is a great exception if collections made by naturalists having collected in the islands of the Malayan Archipelago contain Shrews. For that reason specimens of this group of Insectivora are very rare in the Musea of Natural History and a very small number of species have been described. In this paper I will try to give a review of the known species and their distribution over the islands of the named Archipelago. In the 12th edition of his Systema Naturae, Linnaeus described the first a Malayan species after a specimen from Java: he named it Sorex murinus (Sorex marinus apud Gmelin). Notwithstanding Pallas was convinced of the fact that he described Linnaeus’ species, he however called it Sorex myosurus. S. Müller and Macklot, the zealous and well known members of the scientific staff of the Dutch Commission for natural history investigations in our Archipelago , reported that Sorex myosurus P. (S. murinus L.) was to be found in Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Celebes and Amboina, but that there is living in Timor another species, which they described under the name of Sorex tenuis in the work, entitled »Verkandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis, etc. 1839—1841”.

Description: This bird is known also as the stinking pheasant, anna, stinking anna, and van Batenburg’s turkey — after a Dutch Governor of years gone by. It gets the name »stinking’ from the peculiar smell, like fresh cow-dung, that comes from its crop or stomach or both, for when the skin is preserved it possesses no smell, and the body when the inside has been removed is quite sweet. Notwithstanding the possibility of removing the smell by removing the bowels, it is never used as food; consequently it passes its time in peace and plenty. It is found in only one place in this country viz. the Berbice River and one of its branches, the Oanje Creek, living together in great numbers on the low bushes that border these waters, especially on a „pimpler” Dreponocarpus lunatus) that stretches its branches over the muddy water and rises and falls with the tide. Any day in the year they can be seen sitting side by side like love-birds on the branches of this shrub or on the low trees behind them. They fly from twig to twig and although I have seen these birds every day for the last six years, I have never seen them extend their flight beyond twenty or thirty yards at one time, and never once saw them on the ground. This inactivity is not the result of inability, for their wings are well developed, and their legs and feet are strong. They never leave the river side, and their food is the leaves and seeds of this „pimpler” and of a plant that grows in the water, a kind of gigantic cuckoo pint, called at home „lords and ladies”, in this country called »Mucca-Mucca” ( Caladium arborescens). I may mention in passing that there is not a puddle of water in the Colony in which this Caladium is not found, and Dreponocarpus lunatus fringes every river and creek in the country.

Description: This paper is a continuation of Büttikofer’s papers on the zoological researches in Liberia in the Notes from the Leyden Museum, 1885, Vol. VII, p. 129 and 1886, Vol. VIII, p. 243. As well as Büttikofer’s list of the birds gives a good impression of the richness of the Avifauna in that part of Africa, so my paper will give an idea of the luxuriousness of the Mammalian forms in that country. Our travellers have been happy enough to procure several new species besides specimens of species hitherto only known by mutilated skins or by a single skull, by a single specimen or of which the locality was unknown or uncertain. The collections are the results of four voyages, made by Büttikofer and Sala (January 1880—April 1882), by Stampfli (July 1884—April 1886), by Büttikofer and Stampfli (November 1886—May 1887) and the continuation of the latter by Mr. Stampfli who is still hunting in Eastern Liberia, but intends to return within a few months. In the above mentioned paper (1885) on the birds of Liberia, Büttikofer has giveu a very clear and interesting introduction treating on the physical condition of Western Liberia. In an expected paper Büttikofer intends to enter in some details on the Eastern parts of that country, the field of bis later investigations; be will adjoin a sketch of the latter part of Liberia embracing the Junk-, Du Queah- and Farmington Rivers. Nearly every species he procured has given opportunity to Büttikofer to make biological observations, which he always very eagerly collected and which I add hereafter in the German language. If we peruse the following pages and Buttikofer’s papers on the Liberian birds and we consider that Reptiles and Fishes, Mollusks and Insects have been collected by our travellers on the same large scale and in the same exhausting manner, then we must wonder that Büttikofer has found time for such extensive observations concerning Botany, Ethnology, Anthropology , Geography, Meteorology and Philology as he made and which he partly published in a Dutch journal (Tijdschrift van het Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 1883, Bijblad n° 12). I think that no traveller before Büttikofer, under such bad conditions and in such a murderous climate has gathered such an enormous mass of donnés in every branch of science and that in the short time of a few months.

Description: Mr. J. L. Weyers, the Belgian engineer, has sent me among other very interesting micro-coleoptera, all captured at his residence Tambang-Salida, situated at a distance of about 12 kilometres from Païnau (Padang: West Sumatra) in the interior, four species of Buprestids, three of which were well known to me, viz.: Endelus aethiops H. Deyr., Endelus Snellemanni Rits. and Trachys lepidoptera H. Deyr. ¹). Of the fourth, which also belongs to the genus Endelus, , I have failed to find any description, and I believe it therefore to be new. It has been found by Mr. Weyers, together with E. Snellemanni Rits. and empyreus H. Deyr. (of the latter I did not receive specimens), feeding on a species of fern; E. aethiops H. Deyr. likewise on a fern but of another genus, Trachys lepidoptera H. Deyr. however on a small plant of the family of the Melastomaceae. I make mention here of these observations as I believe such notices to be of scientific interest. I propose to name the new species, which is allied to E. scintillans H. Deyr. and Marseulii H. Deyr., in honour of my zealous correspondent

Description: Die Thysanura und Collembola geh\xc3\xb6ren von Alters her zu den am wenigsten genau bekannten Abtheilungen der Tracheata, vornehmlich was ihren anatomischen Bau anbelangt. Hierzu kommt noch, dass vieles von den \xc3\xa4lteren Autoren Mitgetheilte und Abgebildete sich als unrichtig herausgestellt hat, was auch durch unsere Untersuchung wieder best\xc3\xa4tigt wird. Erst seit wenigen Jahren haben die Zoologen sich wieder mehr mit diesen Insecten besch\xc3\xa4ftigt, und, unterst\xc3\xbczt durch die moderne Technik, die Angaben fr\xc3\xbcherer Autoren in vielen Punkten gesichtet und neue Entdeckungen gemacht.\nVon den Thysanura geh\xc3\xb6rt das Genus Machilis zu denjenigen, deren anatomischer Bau besonders wenig bekannt ist. Da sich mir nun die Gelegenheit darbot von einer an den Meeresk\xc3\xbcsten vorkommenden Art, Machilis maritima Latr., eine Unzahl von Exemplaren zu erlangen, habe ich mir vorgenommen eine m\xc3\xb6glichst vollst\xc3\xa4ndige Untersuchung des \xc3\xa4usseren und inneren Baues dieses Thieres aus zu f\xc3\xbchren und die Resultate zu vergleichen mit dem von den anderen Thysanura und Collembola schon Bekannten.

Description: Een volledig overzicht van de ontwikkelingsgeschiedenis der aquaria zou hoogst waarschijnlijk een aanvang moeten nemen met de bespreking van de wijze, waarop reeds in de oudste tijden door de Chineezen de vischteelt werd uitgeoefend.\nHet is namelijk algemeen bekend, dat de bewoners van het Hemelsche Rijk zich niet alleen sedert de oudste tijden op uitgebreide schaal op de vischteelt hebben toegelegd, maar tevens dat ook tegenwoordig de Chineezen, met betrekking tot dezen belangrijken tak van nijverheid, wellicht nog de Amerikanen in de schaduw stellen. Wij weten echter betrekkelijk nog zoo uitermate weinig van de methoden der vischteelt door de Chineezen vroeger en nog heden ten dage toegepast, dat het voorloopig tot de onmogelijkheden behoort om slechts eenigermate na te gaan, in hoeverre die methoden van vischteelt samengingen of nog samengaan met het houden van visschen en wellicht ook van andere waterdieren in bepaaldelijk voor dit doel ingerichte aquaria. P. DUHALDE \xc2\xb9), lid van de Societeit van Jezus, deelt ons wel mede, op welke wijze de Chineezen steeds voor de voortdurende bevolking hunner rivieren en meren zorg dragen, doch laat ons volkomen in het onzekere, volgens welke methode zij het jonge vischbroed en wellicht ook volwassen visschen in afgesloten ruimten trachten in het leven te houden.

Description: Die im Vorhergehenden beschriebenen Aberrationen der Mm. cucullaris, serratus superficialis, pectoralis, biceps, latissimus dorsi und deltoides vertheilen sich vornehmlich: A. auf das Propatagium, B. auf das Metapatagium und C. auf die Haut und Fascie der Schulter, der Brust und des R\xc3\xbcckens, soweit dieselben nicht zu den beiden erstgenannten Kategorien geh\xc3\xb6ren 2).\nA. Die in das Propatagium eingehenden Aberrationen werden gebildet von M. cucullaris (Cucullaris propatagialis cf. p. 302 ff.), M. pectoralis (Pectoralis propatagialis, cf. p. 437 ff.), M. biceps (Biceps propatagialis, cf. p. 521 ff.) und M. deltoides (Deltoides propatagialis, cf. p. 576 ff.). Bei guter Entfaltung verbinden sich dieselben mit dem Bindegewebe des Propatagium, das hierdurch zu dem Range einer gemeinschaftlichen Sehne (Tendo propatagialis s. Propatagialis) f\xc3\xbcr die genannten Muskelk\xc3\xb6pfe erhoben wird. Die gesammte Bildung kann Propatagialis benannt werden; wie oben (p. 582 ff.) beschrieben, ist sie gew\xc3\xb6hnlich in 2 Endsehnen (Propatagialis longus und brevis) mehr oder minder deutlich gesondert.\nVon diesen K\xc3\xb6pfen f\xc3\xa4llt der L\xc3\xb6wenantheil dem Deltoides, danach dem Pectoralis zu; Cucullaris und endlich Biceps sind accessorische und wenig regelm\xc3\xa4ssige Gebilde. Der durch den Cucullaris propatagialis vertretene Zipfel des Kopftheiles des M. cucullaris reicht bei erst beginnender (resp. rudiment\xc3\xa4rer) Ausbildung nicht bis zum Propatagialis, sondern endet bereits an der Fascie und Haut des Schulterbeginnes, wobei er zu den Anf\xc3\xa4ngen der Schulterflur und des Rumpftheiles der Unterflur directe Beziehungen darbieten kann.\nB. Die mit dem Metapatagium in Connex stehenden Aberrationsgebilde geh\xc3\xb6ren zu M. cucullaris (Cucullaris metapatagialis, cf. p. 305f.), M. serratus superficialis (Serratus metapatagialis, p. 378 f.), M. pectoralis thoracicus (Pectoralis thoracicus metapatagialis, cf. p. 421 f.), M. pectoralis abdominalis (Pectoralis abdominalis metapatagialis, cf. p. 453 f.) und M. latissimus dorsi (Latissimus metapatagialis, cf. p. 563 ff.). Dieselben vereinigen sich mit dem Bindegewebe des Metapatagium, das ihnen in \xc3\xa4hnlicher Weise wie bei den vorhergehenden Gebilden des Propatagium als Endsehne (Tendo metapatagialis s. Metapatagialis) dient und wirken durch diese Vermittelung, die noch durch den Zug der Sehne des M. anconaeus coracoideus (cf. p. 708 ff.) verst\xc3\xa4rkt wird, auch indirect auf die Armschwingen. Der ganze Complex von Muskel- und Sehnen-Gebilden m\xc3\xb6ge danach als Metapatagialis bezeichnet werden. Doch ist diese Beziehung der betreffenden Muskulatur keineswegs die ausschliessliche; erhebliche Antheile derselben gehen direct an die Haut der Achselgegend und stehen damit zu der Schulterflur in directem Connexe 1).\nVon den hierher geh\xc3\xb6rigen Muskelgebilden kommt den Mm. serratus metapatagialis und latissimus metapatagialis, sowohl als Theil des Metapatagialis, als auch als nach der Schulterflur gehende Aberration die Hauptbedeutung zu; die drei anderen stellen nur unbedeutende Muskelzipfel vor, die vom Cucullaris dorso-cutaneus, Pectoralis thoracicus und Pectoralis abdominalis nach der Achselhaut und Schulterflur zustreben.\nC. Ausser den zum Propatagium und Metapatagium gehenden Gebilden verl\xc3\xa4uft noch eine Anzahl von meist ziemlich schwachen Muskelz\xc3\xbcgen und Aberrationen im subcutanen Bereiche des Halses, des R\xc3\xbcckens, des Bauches und der Brust, endet theils an der Fascie, theils an der Haut und tritt auch z. Th. mit der Spinalflur, Schulterflur und Unterflur, sowie den ihnen benachbarten Rainen in Connex. Die Verbindungen mit den Pterylen bilden nach Ausdehnung meistens nicht den Hauptbereich dieser Muskelinsertionen, sie gewinnen aber durch ihre functionelle Bedeutung f\xc3\xbcr die Bewegung der die Fluren zusammensetzenden gr\xc3\xb6sseren Federn ein erh\xc3\xb6htes Interesse. Die hierher geh\xc3\xb6rigen muskul\xc3\xb6sen Z\xc3\xbcge und Zipfel werden durch folgende repraesentirt: Cucullaris dorso-cutaneus (cf. p. 304 ff.) zum dorsalen Bereiche des Halsendes und R\xc3\xbcckenanfanges (Fascie und Haut incl. Spinalflur); Cucullaris omo-cutaneus (cf. p. 307 ff.) zur dorsalen Brust- und zur Schulterfascie (nebst zugeh\xc3\xb6render Haut und Anfang des Rumpftheiles der Unterflur und z. Th. auch des Anfanges der Schulterflur); Serratus omo-cutaneus (cf. p. 381 ff.) zur Fascie und Haut, welche den proximalen Theil der Scapula deckt; Latissimus dorso-cutaneus (cf. p. 563 ff.) zur dorsalen Fascie und Haut des R\xc3\xbcckens, z. Th. auch zur Spinalflur; Latissimus omo-cutaneus (cf. p. 566 ff.) zur Fascie und Haut \xc3\xbcber dem Anfange der Scapula, sowie z. Th. zum Beginne der Schulterflur; Pectoralis abdominalis (cf. p. 449 ff.) zur Haut im lateralen Bereiche des Bauches, der unteren Extremit\xc3\xa4t und der Brust, z. Th. auch an den lateralen Rand des Rumpftheiles der Unterflur oder an die Gegend lateral von derselben resp. an ihren Seitenast.\nSomit gruppiren sich die genannten Gebilde; 1. Auf die Spinalflur und ihre Nachbarschaft 2) : Cucullaris dorso-cutaneus, Serratus dorso-cutaneus; 2. Auf die Schulterflur und ihre Nachbarschaft a): Cucullaris metapatagialis, Serratus dorso-(omo-)cutaneus von Apteryx, Serratus metapatagialis, Pectoralis thoracicus metapatagialis, Pectoralis abdominalis metapatagialis, Latissimus omo-cutaneus und Latissimus metapatagialis; 8. Auf die Unterflur und ihre Nachbarschaft 1): Cucullaris omo-cutaneus, Cucullaris propatagialis (e.p.) und Pectoralis abdominalis. \xc3\x9cbrigens sei auf die p. 300. 301. gegebene kurze Ubersicht (die jedoch nur die wesentlichsten Gebilde notirt), namentlich aber auf die genauere Beschreibung unter den einzelnen hier in Frage kommenden Muskeln, sowie auf die Tabellen XXXVIII\xe2\x80\x94XL. hingewiesen.

Description: Long. 22 \xc3\xa0 25 mill. \xe2\x80\x94 Elongatus, convexus, fuscus aut brunneo-castaneus, modice nitidus, fulvo-pubescens; capite dense punctato, inter oculos sat late impresso, antice declivi, margine obtuse rotundato; antennis fuscis, medium corporis attingentibus, articulo 1\xc2\xb0 punctato, 2\xc2\xb0 minuto, 3\xc2\xb0 vix majore, acute producto , ceteris elongatis, compressolaminatis, lamina apice latiore, truncato, ultimis angustioribus, articulo ultimo gracili; prothorace elytris angustiore, sed angulis posticis oblique porrectis , basin elytrorum amplectantibus, anticis valde obtusis, dorso dense fortiter punctato, postice medio sulco breviter impresso, lateribus utrinque antice sulculo transverso, intus profundiore signato, margine postico anguste polito, ad scutellum emarginato et fere bidentato; scutello ovato, apice obtuso, paulo depresso, dense punctato; elytris elongatis, post medium attenuatis, apice acuminatis, spinosis , fortiter punctatostriatis, intervallis convexis, aspero-punctatis , basi transversim depressa; subtus nitidior, dense sat subtiliter rugulosus, prosterno fortius punctato, abdomine lateribus impresso; \xe2\x99\x80 major, castanescens, antennis simplicibus, brevioribus.\nHab. Congo (A. A. W. Hubrecht).

Description: Together with a female specimen of Pachyteria affinis Rits, from Tjilatjap (South Java) Mr. W. Albarda presented to the Leyden Museum a Callichromid from the same locality, which is allied to Callichroma Griffithii Hope, now ranged under the generic title Aphrodisium. As I believe this species to be undescribed I propose to call it

Description: Unter dem Namen parvifossa beschreibt Hr. de Marseul (Notes Leyd. Mus. 1886, p. 150) eine Form, bei welcher die Halsschildgrube des \xe2\x99\x82 sehr klein, der Marginalstreif des Halsschildes und der Einschnitt vor dem Prosternum fast verwischt sind und von welcher Hr. de M. es zweifelhaft l\xc3\xa4sst ob sie nur Variet\xc3\xa4t oder Hybride von sternincisa sei oder eine eigene Art bilde. Die Obliteration des Marginalstreifs sowie des Kehleinschnitts ist ohne Zweifel eine Folge von Abnutzung; die betreffenden typischen St\xc3\xbccke sind alte, stark abgeriebene Exemplare, wie schon der matte Glanz der Oberseite, namentlich aber die Vorderschienen beweisen, die anstatt des doppelten Spitzenzahns nur noch einen einzigen, stark abgerundeten, erkennen lassen. Die von de Marseul vermissten Ueberg\xc3\xa4nge finden sich allerdings; auch unter den typischen \xe2\x99\x82 \xe2\x99\x82 des sternincisa ist eines, bei welchem der Marginalstreif links in der Mitte verwischt ist, andrerseits besitze ich ein \xe2\x99\x82 mit ganz kleiner Grube aber \xc3\xbcberall deutlichem und kr\xc3\xa4ftigem Marginalstreif; bei diesem ist auch die Oberseite gl\xc3\xa4nzender, und der Spitzenzahn der Vorderschienen doppelt. Die \xe2\x99\x80 der parvifossa sind hiernach von sternincisa absolut nicht zu trennen und es muss der Name auf solche \xe2\x99\x82 \xe2\x99\x82 beschr\xc3\xa4nkt werden, welche den Geschlechtscharacter schwach entwickelt zeigen; es hat also zu heissen sternincisa var. \xe2\x99\x82 parvifossa.

Description: Das Objekt, welches den Gegenstand der nachfolgenden Mittheilung bildet, ist von der S\xc3\xbcdk\xc3\xbcste von Ceram abk\xc3\xbcnftig \xc2\xb9); es wurde vom derzeitigen Assistent-Residenten, Herrn D. Heijting von Banda aus an den Gouverneur von Niederl\xc3\xa4ndisch-Ost-Indien, Herru J. W. van Lansberge, gesandt und von Letztgenanntem dem Leidener Museum geschenkt. \nDer Fund eines Ichthyosaurus an diesem Orte beansprucht schon an und f\xc3\xbcr sich ein erh\xc3\xb6htes Interesse, da Reste dieses Thieres im ganzen Niederl\xc3\xa4ndischen Archipel bis jetzt unbekannt sind. Wohl sind in cretace\xc3\xafschen Schichten von Englisch-Indien, und zwar in der Utat\xc3\xbar-Gruppe von Trichinopoli, welche dem Chalk-Marl und Upper Greensand von England aequivalent ist \xc2\xb2), Wirbel von Ichthyosaurus gefunden und als Ichthyosaurus indicus durch Lydekker beschrieben \xc2\xb9). Von Australien ist ebenfalls ein Ichthyosaurus australis M\xe2\x80\x99Coy angef\xc3\xbchrt \xc2\xb2); die Reste dieses Thieres stammen aus Queensland, von der Quelle des Flinders River, vermuthlich \xc2\xb3) ebenfalls aus Ablagerungen der Kreidezeit, und stellen zahlreiche Wirbel, den Kopf und das Bruchst\xc3\xbcck einer Flosse dar, sind aber leider niemals in wissenschaftlichen Schriften abgebildet worden, so dass Daintree 4) den Namen I. australis nur als Manuscriptnamen anf\xc3\xbchrt. Moore dagegen berichtet 5), dass in den \xe2\x80\x9eIllustrated Australian New\xe2\x80\x99s\xe2\x80\x9d vom 6 Septb. 1868 Abbildungen dieser Petrefakte enthalten seien 6), und zwar das Bruchst\xc3\xbcck eines Kopfes mit wohl erhaltenem Auge, ein Theil einer Flosse, acht Wirbel und Fragmente von drei Rippen. Schliesslich verdient hier noch das Vorkommen von Ichthyosaurus in Neuseeland Erw\xc3\xa4hnung; hier sind am Flusse Waipara Wirbel, Beckentheile sowie Femur und Humerus von ansehnlicher Gr\xc3\xb6sse gefunden 7), in Schichten, deren Alter meines Wissens noch nicht mit gen\xc3\xbcgender Sicherheit festgestellt werden konnte, obwohl Quenstedt 8) sie dem Lias zuz\xc3\xa4hlt.

Description: Bereits vor einer Reihe von Jahren beschrieb K. von Fritsch Patellinen von West-Borneo \xc2\xb9) und bemerkte dazu: \xe2\x80\x9eOb das Gestein wirklich tertiaer und zwar eocaen sei, ist unsicher, da die Patellinen h\xc3\xa4ufiger in cretace\xc3\xafschen als in j\xc3\xbcngeren Gesteinen auftreten; Fragmente zweischneidiger Cidaridenstacheln, wohl Porocidaris, scheinen das tertiaere Alter wahrscheinlich zu machen.\xe2\x80\x9d Seitdem hat der Bergingenieur C. J. van Schelle eine gr\xc3\xb6ssere Zahl von Versteinerungen in dem betreffenden Patellinenmergel gesammelt, welcher am Seberoeang, linken Nebenflusse des Kapoeas \xc2\xb2), ansteht. Diese Fossilien wurden schon von Boettger, laut einer Mittheilung Verbeek\xe2\x80\x99s \xc2\xb9), f\xc3\xbcr senonisch gehalten, aber erst durch H. B. Geinitz n\xc3\xa4her untersucht. Das Resultat dieser Untersuchung theilt Verbeek l. c. auf Grund eines Briefes von Geinitz mit, und dasselbe findet sich ebenfalls als briefliche Mittheilung in der Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft ver\xc3\xb6ffentlicht \xc2\xb2). Beide Publikationen dieses Gegenstandes weichen nur insoweit von einander ab, als Verbeek noch eine Reihe von Genus-Namen hinzuf\xc3\xbcgt, die indessen f\xc3\xbcr die Beurtheilung der Schicht ohne Bedeutung sind.

Description: En publiant ces premi\xc3\xa8res recherches sur les plantes plioc\xc3\xa8nes de Java, c\xe2\x80\x99est un plaisir pour moi de remercier le savant directeur du mus\xc3\xa9e g\xc3\xa9ologique de Leyde, monsieur K. Martin, qui m\xe2\x80\x99a fait l\xe2\x80\x99honneur de m\xe2\x80\x99en confier l\xe2\x80\x99\xc3\xa9tude.\nUn tel sujet ne pouvait \xc3\xaatre trait\xc3\xa9 pr\xc3\xa9matur\xc3\xa9ment, et j\xe2\x80\x99ai d\xc3\xbb rechercher pendant deux ann\xc3\xa9es dans la flore des \xc3\xaeles de la Malaisie, les documents positifs sans lesquels un semblable travail manquerait \xc3\xa0 la fois de base et d\xe2\x80\x99objet. La v\xc3\xa9g\xc3\xa9tation si riche et si vari\xc3\xa9e de Java m\xe2\x80\x99a surtout offert les \xc3\xa9l\xc3\xa9ments de comparaison au moyen desquels, malgr\xc3\xa9 des incertitudes et des lacunes, il m\xe2\x80\x99a \xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 permis de reconstituer dans une certaine mesure la florule de l\xe2\x80\x99ancienne localit\xc3\xa9 du \xe2\x80\x9eGoenoeng Kendang\xe2\x80\x9d.

Description: A unique female in the Leyden Museum was alone known to the author when describing this species and as I have recently received a male Argyripa tation in referring to subfasciata, which I have no hesi-I take this opportunity at the request of Mr. Ritsema of calling attention to the peculiarities of this sex. The most remarkable character is the extraordinary structure of the mentum, this being produced on the underside into a broad flattened vertical process margined at its sides and slightly emarginate at the apex; in the male of A. lansbergei Sall\xc3\xa9, I find an indication of a similar structure in a conspicuous obtuse tubercle on the underside of the mentum, but in A. anomala Bates it is entirely absent. In other respects the male of subfasciata differs from the female in having the head strongly concave above, the lateral margins of the clypeus strongly elevated and forming an obtuse flattened horn on each side, the apex of the clypeus coarsely punctured with the margin a little reflexed and slightly emarginate, the apex of the thorax more strongly produced and forming an obtuse slightly deflexed horn (much narrower than in lansbergei) and the body altogether of a much narrower form, the yellow markings are also of a decided greenish tint and the thoracic border is narrower especially at the base.

Description: Length from antennary tubers to end of elytra 22\xc2\xbd mm.; length of elytra from tip of strongly protruding shoulders to end 15 mm.; breadth across shoulders 7\xc2\xbc mm.\nDark piceous approaching to black; the 2nd and following joints of antennae and the abdomen dark reddish brown. Head and thorax opaque, elytra nitid. Nearly glabrous, but varied with short scattered fulvous hairs and with spots of a fulvous pubescence. The head with four spots and two narrow stripes, viz.: an elongate spot below each eye, a rounded spot ou the lower part of the cheeks, and two stripes, diverging backwards, on the vertex behind the antennary tubers. The thorax without stripes or spots but covered with short scattered fulvous hairs. The elytra with short scattered hairs and irregularly placed rounded spots, intermixed with very small ones; the largest of the elytral spots is situated at the base between the strongly protruding shoulders and the scutellum. The under surface of the body densely covered with a fulvous pubescence, which forms small but densely set spots, especially on the abdomen; along the middle the pubescence is sparser; on the middle of the apical ventral segment the pubescence is greyish white. The legs are covered with a delicate greyish white pile. The antennae have the 4th joint at the base and the 5th entirely except at the apex covered with a whitish pile, the rest blackish.

Description: magicus Gerst. Stett. ent. Zeit. XXI (1860). Nov. Guinea, p. 389 (gen. Ithyporus). \xe2\x80\x94 Lacord., Gen. Col. VII (1866) p. 59, note.\nGodeffroyi Fairm. Naturaliste. III. Duke of York I. (1881). p. 389. \xe2\x80\x94 id., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. XXVII (1883) part. p. 36.

Description: As I told in my previous paper on Liberian Ornithology \xc2\xb9), Mr. Stampfli and I left for Liberia at the end of October 1886, and arrived at Monrovia, after short stays at Hamburg, Madeira, Teneriffa, Gran Canaria and the Senegal, on the 26th of November.\nThe next day I proceeded in an open sailing boat to Grand Cape Mount to get the servants, which were already hired for me by Mr. Watson, the Liberian Superintendent at Robertsport. From this latter place I visited some of my former stations on the Fisherman Lake, the Japaca Creek and on the Mahfa River.\xc2\xb2) Everywhere I was very kindly received by the natives, who had not yet forgotten me and were much enjoyed to see me again. About medio December I returned with three Yey-boys and my old Liberian huntsman Jackson Demery to Monrovia and prepared for my removal to Schieffelinsville on the Junk River, where Mr. Stampfli meanwhile had hired a small Liberian farming house. As our outfit was very voluminous, I went to Schieffelinsville by sea with two sailing boats, entered near Marshall (a small Liberian settlement) the Junk River and reached, along this river, safely the place of my destination.

Description: Zoodra het denkbeeld ter sprake kwam om het halve eeuwfeest van het Genootschap door de uitgave van een FEESTNUMMER DER BIJDRAGEN TOT DE DIERKUNDE te herdenken, moest wel in de eerste plaats gedacht worden aan de geschiedenis der Inrichting en wat ze in het belang der wetenschap heeft gedaan.\nBelangrijk zou het zijn in een algemeen overzicht samen te vatten, hoe de Diergaarde door aankoop van merkwaardige openbare menageri\xc3\xabn of gedeelten van particuliere verzamelingen, door het uitzenden of steunen van expediti\xc3\xabn, door schenkingen van hooggeplaatste personen of beroemde geleerden, door ruil met bekende liefhebbers of elders gevestigde Zusterinrichtingen en door aankoop van handelaren-importeurs in het bezit kwam van het rijke materiaal, dat achtereenvolgens binnen hare muren leefde en haar roem uitmaakte.

Description: Met deze lijst kan tevens worden gepubliceerd, welke soorten reeds in de Bijzondere Collectie Nederlandsche Dieren van het Koninklijk Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Genootschap Natura Artis Magistra vertegenwoordigd zijn, \xe2\x80\x94 naar wij meenen, het beste middel om de leemten, die nog in de Verzameling zijn, aangevuld te krijgen.\nElk welwillend beoefenaar der Ornithologie in ons Vaderland, zal zich ongetwijfeld gedrongen gevoelen bij voorkomende gelegenheden, exemplaren van nog ontbrekende soorten, die binnen onze grenzen gevangen of geschoten zijn, aan onze collectie af te staan: \xe2\x80\x94 op deze wijze alleen zal het mogelijk zijn eene publieke verzameling bijeen te brengen, in welke alle in Nederland voorkomende dieren vertegenwoordigd zijn, \xe2\x80\x94 eene zaak, die het feestvierend Genootschap in de eerste plaats ter harte gaat.

Description: Onbeschrijfelijk en onvergelijkelijk is de bekoring, die de levende natuur op den mensch uitoefent. Kind of grijsaard, rijk of arm, heerscher of slaaf, ruw of beschaafd, niemand ontgaat aan dien geheimzinnigen invloed; niemand is er, die uit de sleur van het dagelijksch leven weggerukt en te midden dier levende natuur geplaatst, zich niet zachter, weeker gestemd gevoelt, of met bewondering en eerbied vervuld wordt, terwijl zijne hartstochten en driften bedaren, zijne krachten en opgewektheid toenemen, en reine vreugde en weldoende ontspanning zijn borst doortintelen. Maar stemt ons de geheele levende, de bezielde schepping, \xe2\x80\x94 bezield, omdat wij voelen, dat wat in ons werkt en denkt slechts een deel is van het groote oneindig geheel \xe2\x80\x94 tot bewondering, gansch eigenaardige gewaarwordingen worden in ons opgewekt bij het aanschouwen der bonte, rijke, grillige dierenwereld. Wij voelen, dat zij aan ons verwant is. Als wij, kunnen de dieren hunne gewaarwordingen, hunne wenschen en bekommeringen op duidelijke wijze openbaren. Niet als de planten vastgeworteld in de aarde, geven zij slechts door eene steeds wisselende kleurenpracht, door verrukkelijke geuren, door steeds gelijke en steeds veranderende vormen, slechts door een reikhalzend streven naar hooger, en een onbevredigd verlangen, om de gansche wereld te omvatten, van hun leven blijk. Zij bewegen zich, doorkruisen en doorzoeken de oppervlakte onzer planeet, vliegen de zon te gemoet, dringen door tot in den schoot der aarde en de diepte der ze\xc3\xaben, bouwen nesten en paleizen, vormen staten en gemeenschappen, brengen bijeen, wat van elkander verwijderd lag, en zoekend, denkend, voelend, zorgend, stellen zij zich als wij zichtbaar te weer, indien zij aangevallen worden, zingen zij als wij van teederheid, liefde, en de schoonheid der schepping! Dat gevoel van verwantschap, het bewustzijn, dat zooveel wat ons in ons eigen leven, zoovee wat ons in den omgang met onze medemenschen treft, daarginds in die wereld der dieren zijne afschaduwing vindt, uit zich in het geschiedboek der menschelijke beschaving op elke bladzijde. Als in het oudste Indische epos, in de Ramayana, de held, die in zijn strijd tegen booze geesten en daemonen door zoovele strijdmakkers uit de dierenwereld krachtig wordt ter zijde gestaan, op het oogenblik van den triomf in tegenwoordigheid van het gansche leger zijn trouwen generaal HANOEMAT, den viervoetigen orang-oetang omarmt; als in de Zendavesta de trouwe hond en de fiere leeuw de menschelijke maatschappij doen ontstaan en bevestigen, als de Egyptische sterrekundigen, in den dierenriem, dien den zon aan den hemel doorloopt, de tweelingen tusschen den stier en den kreeft en de maagd ter zijde van den grootmoedigen leeuw plaatsen, dan openbaart zich telkens en telkens de dichterlijke gedachte, dat de geheele onoverzienbare reeks der dierenwereld, van af het gevleugeld insect tot aan den heer der schepping slechts \xc3\xa9\xc3\xa9n aaneengeschakeld geheel vormt. En in een mystisch waas gehuld, nevelig van omtrek, maar toch erkenbaar ziet gij in alle die uitingen reeds de kern der ontwikkelings- en afstammingstheorie, die in onze dagen door een genie als DARWIN tot eene der schoonste overwinningen op het gebied der natuurwetenschap zou worden verheven! En als in het oude Egypte de vereering der Ibis en van Apis de hoogst geplaatsten en de nederigsten samenbrengt, als de half dierlijke, half menschelijke wezens, de Sphinxen den toegang tot de praalgraven bewaken, als de Grieksche fantaisie Centaurussen en Minotaurussen te voorschijn toovert en bijna elken God een dier toewijst, dat \xc3\xa9\xc3\xa9n met hem in streven en bedoeling hem overal en ten allen tijde ter zijde staat, dan wordt het denkbeeld dier verwantschap van mensch en dier plastisch belichaamd, en verkrijgt zijn meest aesthetische uitdrukking. En als wij zonder bij de fabelen van Aesopus, Phaedrus, Lafontaine of het dieren-epos van den Vos Reinaarde, met zijn Isegrims, zijn Nobels, zijn Bruins stil te staan, aan onze kinderen de sprookjes vertellen, die ons in onze kinderjaren hebben betooverd en schrik aangejaagd, als wij moeder de Gans, Roodkapje met den Wolf, de Gelaarsde Kat, Ezelshuid voor de blonde krullebollen, die met groote kijkers ons aanstaren, hun rollen laten spelen, is het dan niet weer het bewustzijn, dat de dierenwereld slechts eene afschaduwing is der menschenwereld, die ons nooit, moede doet worden en steeds met nieuwen lust de oude sprookjes doet herhalen?

Description: De diergaarden, die thans bestaan, zijn op een enkele uitzondering na, namelijk die der Jardin des Plantes (eene Rijksinstelling te Parijs), kinderen onzer eeuw; na deze is die van Londen de oudste. In 1828 werd door de Zoological Society aldaar eene diergaarde gesticht, die onder den naam van Zoological Gardens steeds meer en meer in bloei is toegenomen en overal ten hoogste geroemd wordt. Op deze volgt die van \xc2\xbbNATURA ARTIS MAGISTRA\xc2\xab, waarop elk Amsterdammer trotsch mag zijn en welke thans juist eene halve eeuw telt.\nIs het wonder, dat het goede succes, hetwelk de Zoological Society te beurt viel, een prikkel was voor een hoogst verdienstelijk ingezeten van Amsterdam, om zijne woonplaats evenzoo met eene diergaarde te verrijken? Deze was de Heer G. F. WESTERMAN, 8 December 1807 te Amsterdam geboren, van zijn eerste jeugd af aan een ware dierenliefhebber. Zijn eerste pogingen, in het jaar 1836 aangewend, om eene diergaarde te Amsterdam onder bescherming en medewerking der regeering op te richten, mislukten, doordien door den Burgemeester CRAMER, die met het plan niet was ingenomen, aan Z. M. WILLEM I, tot wien de HEER WESTERMAN zich gewend had, daaromtrent een ongunstig oordeel was uitgebracht, als zijnde zulks minder gewenscht en zelfs gevaarlijk voor Amsterdam, waarop den 24sten Juni 1836 door \xe2\x80\x99s Konings ministers aan den adressant werd te kennen gegeven, \xc2\xbbdat er geen termen waren gevonden om aan het door hem voorgestelde ontwerp gevolg te geven.\xc2\xab Verre van door zulk een ongunstig antwoord ontmoedigd te worden, liet de ontwerper zijn eenmaal gevormd plan geenszins varen; een bijzondere aanleiding, om een begin van uitvoering aan zijne plannen te geven, was de omstandigheid, dat REINDERT DRAAK, in betrekking als suppoost bij het Amsterdamsche Burger-Weeshuis, als liefhebber der Natuurlijke Historie en als bekwaam preparateur eene vrij belangrijke verzameling van allerlei opgezette dieren, als zoogdieren, vogels, visschen enz. enz., op een der zolders van bovenbedoelde uitgestrekte inrichting bezat. Daar de H.H. Regenten van het gesticht, wegens gebrek aan plaatsruimte, de eenmaal gegeven vergunning moesten intrekken, werd DRAAK genoodzaakt zijne verzamelingen, door bevoegde beoordeelaars op eene waarde van minstens \xc6\x92 8000 geraamd, naar elders over te brengen.

Description: Bei den nachfolgenden Beschreibungen werden, der Klarheit wegen, die schon bekannten Verh\xc3\xa4ltnisse zusammen mit den neuaufgefundenen erw\xc3\xa4hnt, und erst am Schluss, in einer allgemeinen Uebersicht und Vergleichung, die neuen Thatsachen hervorgehoben, wobei sich dann besser die Gelegenheit bietet die Untersuchungen und Ansichten der verschiedenen Autoren, die \xc3\xbcber diesen Gegenstand gearbeitet haben, in geschichtlicher und kritischer Hinsicht zusammenzustellen.\nIch fange die Reihe der Einzeldarstellungen an mit den Sauriern, nicht nur, weil diese den ersten Gegenstand meiner Untersuchungen bildeten, aber besonders deshalb weil sie in vielen Beziehungen die urspr\xc3\xbcnglichsten Verh\xc3\xa4ltnisse darbieten, d. h. dass sie im ausgewachsenen Zustande weniger als die anderen Ordnungen der Reptilien von dem embryonalen verschieden sind. Es ist besonders ihr Arteriensystem, welches durch das Wegsambleiben der Verbindung zwischen drittem und viertem Aortenbogen am meisten allen Reptiliengruppen dem embryonalen Bogensystem \xc3\xa4hnlich bleibt, und so zur Folge hat, dass auch die Lagerung der Nerven einen urspr\xc3\xbcnglicheren Zustand repraesentirt.

Description: In dem vorliegenden Speciellen Theile wurde der Versuch gemacht, die Knochen, B\xc3\xa4nder, Muskeln und Nerven der Brust, Schulter und des proximalen Theiles der Fl\xc3\xbcgels in zusammenh\xc3\xa4ngender Weise zu behandeln. Entsprechend dem Plane dieser Arbeit wurde dabei an m\xc3\xb6glichst vielen Stellen in das Detail, soweit die einzelnen Genera der V\xc3\xb6gel in Frage kamen, eingegangen; wo dies zweckm\xc3\xa4ssig erschien, wurden auch individuelle und einseitige Befunde, sowie verschiedene Alterszust\xc3\xa4nde in den Bereich der Darstellung aufgenommen. Das wechselnde Verhalten der einzelnen Componenten und ihre Correlationen erfuhren dabei eine eingehendere Ber\xc3\xbccksichtigung. Das Gewirr der Einzelangaben wurde zugleich durch eine \xc3\xbcbersichtliche Form der Behandlung zu lichten gesucht; zahlreiche Specialit\xc3\xa4ten, deren detaillirte Beschreibung allzu viel Raum beansprucht und allzu erm\xc3\xbcdend auf den Leser eingewirkt haben w\xc3\xbcrde, wurden in Tabellen verwiesen; allenthalben, wo sich dies ausf\xc3\xbchrbar erwies, wurden die Einzelbefunde zusammengefasst und auch durch die Anordnung verschiedener Typen des Druckes nach M\xc3\xb6glichkeit von den allgemeineren Ergebnissen zu sondern gesucht.\nIch glaube somit, dass bereits in dem Speciellen Theile selbst die wichtigeren Resultate nach M\xc3\xb6glichkeit hervorgehoben und zusammengefasst sind. Eine nochmalige in derselben Reihenfolge stattfindende Zusammenstellung der bez\xc3\xbcglichen Ergebnisse oder ein Excerpt derselben scheint mir sonach nur eine nutzlose und dabei doch ganz und gar unvollst\xc3\xa4ndige Wiederholung zu sein. So gern ich auch dem Leser seine Arbeit recht leicht machen und ihn vor der Lect\xc3\xbcre des umfangreichen Speciellen Theiles bewahren m\xc3\xb6chte, die ganze Art und Tendenz dieser Untersuchungen erlaubt dies nicht. Wer etwas gr\xc3\xbcndlicher in die vorliegenden Fragen eindringen will, muss sich an die vorhergehende Darstellung halten.

Description: In de Verzamelingen van het Koninklijk Zo\xc3\xb6logisch Genootschap wordt het opgezette exemplaar eener Echidna-soort bewaard, dat in het jaar 1883 verkregen werd. Dit exemplaar is afkomstig van de internationale koloniale tentoonstelling en was voorzien van een etiket, waarop uitdrukkelijk vermeld stond, dat het dier van Nieuw-Guinea afkomstig is.\nAan de lengte van den bek was dadelijk te zien, dat het dier tot het, geslacht Tachyglossus behoort, of ten minste nauw verwant is met dit geslacht, dat het eerst door PETERS en DORIA beschreven werd en tegenwoordig Proechidna genoemd wordt.

Description: Onder de verzamelingen van het genootschap bekleedt die der Insekten een voorname plaats. Vooral van Lepidoptera en Coleoptera zijn vele duizenden soorten, waaronder uiterst zeldzame, bijeengebracht.\nHet kwam mij niet onbelangrijk voor, de verzameling der Europeesche Macrolepidoptera te onderzoeken, ten opzichte van de daarin aanwezige Nederlandsche soorten. Ik werd in mijn verwachting, dat ik deze daarin in grooten getale zou vinden, niet teleurgesteld; zelfs was ik zoo gelukkig een voor onze Fauna nieuwe soort \xe2\x80\x94 Orthosia nitida \xe2\x80\x94 in de collectie aan te treffen.

Description: Testaceous red, shining; head black; elytra with a broad pale greenish yellow longitudinal band at the sides, the lateral margin at the shoulder and humeral callosity black; mesosternal process, anterior and intermediate tibiae and posterior knees piceous; tarsi black. \xe2\x80\x94 Length 21 mm.\nVery similar,to S. suturalis Fab., but with the head less closely punctured, the median carina broader, more depressed and less produced at the apex, the clypeus broader in front and of a more quadrate form, with the anterior margin slightly reflexed and straight, without an elevated point as in that species; thorax entirely red; elytra longer and more narrowed behind than in suturalis, the punctuation much finer and the pale lateral band slightly curved inwardly towards the suture behind.

Description: The bird-collections, treated of in this paper, have been made by Mr. P. J. van der Kellen \xc2\xb9) in the region of the Upper Cunene and east of it in the valleys of the Okovango- and Umbella River. Before the collector reached these localities, he had a short stay on the Lower Congo (24 Sept.\xe2\x80\x9422 Oct. 1884) where he happened to collect 13 species, which will be mentioned at the head of the following list.\nIn the very short reports, sent over together with the collections, nothing is told about the habits of the specimens obtained, and as the birds of this region are very thoroughly and exhaustively treated of by Mr. Sharpe in his second edition of Layard\xe2\x80\x99s Birds of South Africa, as well as by Prof. Barbosa du Bocage in his \xc2\xbbOrnitkologie d\xe2\x80\x99Angola\xe2\x80\x9d, there is but little left to say on van der Kellen\xe2\x80\x99s South West African collection. This latter contains about 300 specimens, representing 131 different species. Two of the latter are new, while several others are very rare birds. The following are the places and dates, at which Mr. van der Kellen has obtained his specimens.

Description: The following paper contains a complete list of the Mollusks, collected during the travels of Messrs. B\xc3\xbcttikofer and Sala (1879\xe2\x80\x941882), of Mr. Stampfli, sent out by Mr. B\xc3\xbcttikofer after his return from Liberia (1884\xe2\x80\x941885), and of a second visit to that country by B\xc3\xbcttikofer and Stampfli (1886\xe2\x80\x941887). As the principal intention of the mentioned travellers was to collect vertebrated animals, there was not much time left to bestow upon Mollusks, most of which were collected by Mr. B\xc3\xbcttikofer in the country of Grand Cape Mount, where especially all the marine forms were obtained. Full explanations as to the visited localities are given in the introductions to the lists of Birds by B\xc3\xbcttikofer (see: Notes Leyd. Mus. 1885, p. 129 & ff. with map; 1886, pp. 243 \xe2\x80\x94 245, and 1888, p. 59\xe2\x80\x9463 with map).\nThe learned Dr. H. Dohrn of Stettin, who obtained ample collections of Liberian Mollusks from his collector Mr. Schweitzer, who explored about the same localities, has kindly assisted me in the determination of some doubtful species, while Dr. A. Brot found three new species amongst the specimens of the genus Melania.

Description: During my recent visit to the Leyden Museum I was much interested in examining the fine series of birds\xe2\x80\x99-skins which had been brought home by Mr. B\xc3\xbcttikofer and Mr. Stampfli from their expeditions to Liberia.\nAmongst other valuable specimens I was particularly attracted by a small Sparrow-Hawk, of which Mr. B\xc3\xbcttikofer had preserved three adults, two females and a male. These are identified by him as Accipiter hartlaubi of Verreaux \xc2\xb9), but I saw at once that they were not the same as the bird I had so named in the Catalogue of Birds (Vol. I, p. 150; pl. 6, fig. 2).

Description: Mr. J. L. Weyers, the Belgian engineer, has sent me among other very interesting micro-coleoptera, all captured at his residence Tambang-Salida, situated at a distance of about 12 kilometres from Pa\xc3\xafnau (Padang: West Sumatra) in the interior, four species of Buprestids, three of which were well known to me, viz.: Endelus aethiops H. Deyr., Endelus Snellemanni Rits. and Trachys lepidoptera H. Deyr. \xc2\xb9). Of the fourth, which also belongs to the genus Endelus, , I have failed to find any description, and I believe it therefore to be new. It has been found by Mr. Weyers, together with E. Snellemanni Rits. and empyreus H. Deyr. (of the latter I did not receive specimens), feeding on a species of fern; E. aethiops H. Deyr. likewise on a fern but of another genus, Trachys lepidoptera H. Deyr. however on a small plant of the family of the Melastomaceae. I make mention here of these observations as I believe such notices to be of scientific interest.\nI propose to name the new species, which is allied to E. scintillans H. Deyr. and Marseulii H. Deyr., in honour of my zealous correspondent

Description: Among a number of species of Erotylidae, sent to me by Mr. Ritsema for determination , there are a great many of the very highest interest. About seventeen are new, including four for which it is necessary to make new genera, while others were up to this time only known by the unique types in the late Mr. Crotch\xe2\x80\x99s or my own collection.\nI have had unusual facilities for this work, the Cambridge collection, formed by the late Mr. Crotch, being at present in my hand for the purposes of the description of the Erotylidae for the Biologia Centrali-Americana. This collection contains the types from Chevrolat\xe2\x80\x99s, Gu\xc3\xa9rin M\xc3\xa9neville\xe2\x80\x99s, E. Sheppard\xe2\x80\x99s, Reiche\xe2\x80\x99s and other collections; my own possesses the West African species from the late Mr. A. Murray\xe2\x80\x99s collection, and I am indebted to Dr. D. Sharp for the opportunity of examining, among other little known species, a type of Tritomidea translucida received from Motschulsky, also Tritomidea rubripes Reitter, Euxestus minor Sharp, Hypodacne punctata Lec. etc. This has been a very great aid to me, for it enables me to say certainly that some species referred by Crotch doubtfully to Tritomidea, and others so referred by myself, have no connection with that genus, and that Tritomidea and some allied genera are at present only doubtfully placed in the Erotylidae, and will form at least a separate sub-family.

Description: Nigra, nitida, prothoracis lateribus elytrisque testaceis, glabris. \xe2\x80\x94 Long, millim.\nHab. East Sumatra: Deli (J. A. N. Schagen van Leeuwen).

Description: Rufous; antenna), labrum and legs black; elytra violaceous blue, strongly punctate-striate anteriorly, the 9th row interrupted, the interstices costate at the apex. \xe2\x80\x94 Length 4 lines.\nHead impunctate, rufous, with the usual grooves of moderate depth; the labrum black; antenna\xc3\xa6) half the length of the body, entirely black, the fourth joint one half longer than the third; thorax rufous, not longer than broad, deeply constricted at the middle, the base with a deep transverse sulcation; the disc with a few minute punctures placed longitudinally; scutellum rufous; elytra slightly raised at the basal portion but not transversely depressed below the latter, the shoulders deeply longitudinally sulcate within, the punctuation deep at the anterior half, gradually diminishing posteriorly till it disappears entirely at the apex, where the interstices are costate; the ninth row of punctures is interrupted at the sides and costate, in front of this and close to the lateral margin is another very deep longitudinal depression; the underside is reddish fulvous, clothed with short silvery pubescence; the legs are black.

Description: Length from the forehead to the end of the elytra 9 mm., breadth at the shoulders 3\xc2\xbd mm.; length of the antennae 9\xc2\xbd mm. \xe2\x80\x94 Rather dull testaceous-yellow; the mandibles (except at the base on the outside), the eyes and the claws dark brown, the seven apical joints of the antennae blackish, the apex of the elytra bluish black; covered with rather long erect pale coloured hairs, the elytra moreover with a greyish slightly sericeous pile, the bluish black apical portion, however, excepted.\nThe head is armed on the middle of the face with a strongly compressed projection or horn, which has, when seen sideways, the shape of a shoe, the frontmargin of which (the sole) is fringed with two rows of diverging long fulvons hairs, which are very densely set and form a tuft on the enlarged upper extremity (the toes); the face is concave on each side of this projection, very glossy and impunctate; the cheeks are finely punctate; the vertex shows, besides a dark coloured line along the middle, a few large punctures. The antennae are of about the same length as the body, slightly hairy; the four basal j\xe2\x80\x99oints glossy though densely punctured, the seven apical ones opaque; the scape is a little longer than the 2nd and 3rd joint taken together, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th joint slightly swollen at the tip, the 5th and following joints cylindrical, gradually decreasing in length, the apical joint the shortest and pointed at the tip.

Description: This paper is a continuation of B\xc3\xbcttikofer\xe2\x80\x99s papers on the zoological researches in Liberia in the Notes from the Leyden Museum, 1885, Vol. VII, p. 129 and 1886, Vol. VIII, p. 243. As well as B\xc3\xbcttikofer\xe2\x80\x99s list of the birds gives a good impression of the richness of the Avifauna in that part of Africa, so my paper will give an idea of the luxuriousness of the Mammalian forms in that country. Our travellers have been happy enough to procure several new species besides specimens of species hitherto only known by mutilated skins or by a single skull, by a single specimen or of which the locality was unknown or uncertain. The collections are the results of four voyages, made by B\xc3\xbcttikofer and Sala (January 1880\xe2\x80\x94April 1882), by Stampfli (July 1884\xe2\x80\x94April 1886), by B\xc3\xbcttikofer and Stampfli (November 1886\xe2\x80\x94May 1887) and the continuation of the latter by Mr. Stampfli who is still hunting in Eastern Liberia, but intends to return within a few months. In the above mentioned paper (1885) on the birds of Liberia, B\xc3\xbcttikofer has giveu a very clear and interesting introduction treating on the physical condition of Western Liberia. In an expected paper B\xc3\xbcttikofer intends to enter in some details on the Eastern parts of that country, the field of bis later investigations; be will adjoin a sketch of the latter part of Liberia embracing the Junk-, Du Queah- and Farmington Rivers.\nNearly every species he procured has given opportunity to B\xc3\xbcttikofer to make biological observations, which he always very eagerly collected and which I add hereafter in the German language. If we peruse the following pages and Buttikofer\xe2\x80\x99s papers on the Liberian birds and we consider that Reptiles and Fishes, Mollusks and Insects have been collected by our travellers on the same large scale and in the same exhausting manner, then we must wonder that B\xc3\xbcttikofer has found time for such extensive observations concerning Botany, Ethnology, Anthropology , Geography, Meteorology and Philology as he made and which he partly published in a Dutch journal (Tijdschrift van het Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 1883, Bijblad n\xc2\xb0 12). I think that no traveller before B\xc3\xbcttikofer, under such bad conditions and in such a murderous climate has gathered such an enormous mass of donn\xc3\xa9s in every branch of science and that in the short time of a few months.

Description: It is a great exception if collections made by naturalists having collected in the islands of the Malayan Archipelago contain Shrews. For that reason specimens of this group of Insectivora are very rare in the Musea of Natural History and a very small number of species have been described. In this paper I will try to give a review of the known species and their distribution over the islands of the named Archipelago.\nIn the 12th edition of his Systema Naturae, Linnaeus described the first a Malayan species after a specimen from Java: he named it Sorex murinus (Sorex marinus apud Gmelin). Notwithstanding Pallas was convinced of the fact that he described Linnaeus\xe2\x80\x99 species, he however called it Sorex myosurus. S. M\xc3\xbcller and Macklot, the zealous and well known members of the scientific staff of the Dutch Commission for natural history investigations in our Archipelago , reported that Sorex myosurus P. (S. murinus L.) was to be found in Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Celebes and Amboina, but that there is living in Timor another species, which they described under the name of Sorex tenuis in the work, entitled \xc2\xbbVerkandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis, etc. 1839\xe2\x80\x941841\xe2\x80\x9d.

Description: a. M\xc3\xa2le adulte mont\xc3\xa9, un des types de l\xe2\x80\x99esp\xc3\xa8ce. C\xc3\xb4te de Guin\xc3\xa9e, Dabocrom. Des collections de M. Pel. (Sq.). b. Femelle adulte mont\xc3\xa9e, un des types de l\xe2\x80\x99esp\xc3\xa8ce. Dabocrom. Pel.

Description: This species, which inhabits India (Tranquebar) \xc2\xb9), is the type of de Castelnau\xe2\x80\x99s genus Sthenias, but, according to the description of the mandibles and antennae, only the female sex was known to that Author, and even to Lacordaire at the time he wrote the 2nd part of the 9th volume of bis \xc2\xbbGenera des Col\xc3\xa9opt\xc3\xa8res,"""" published in 1872.\nIn the Leyden Museum are two male specimens of this species from Tranquebar (from the collection of Mr. Raye van Breukelerwaard), and these have the outer margin of the basal half of the mandibles thrown up and prolonged, so as to form a tooth-like, nearly perpendicular, appendage. The antennae reach a little beyond the apex of the elytra and are fringed all along their under surface. The scape is shorter than the 3rd joint, the 3rd to 10th joint gradually decrease in length, the 11th however one and a half as long as the 10th, slightly curved, the apex pointed, not hooked. The hind margin of the last ventral segment rounded, gently emarginate in the middle.

Description: Among the Pachyteriae of the Brussels Museum, kindly sent to me for examination by Mr. A. Preudhomme de Borre, was a specimen from Java (coll. Du Bus) under the name Pachyteria bicolor Parry. As it, however, did not quite agree with Parry\xe2\x80\x99s very short description and the accompanying figure \xc2\xb9), which inter alia do not agree in every respect with each other, I forwarded a detailed description of it to Mr. Alex. Fry, in London, the present owner of Parry\xe2\x80\x99s type specimen, asking him to compare my description carefully with the type. This he did most courteously, and he came to the conclusion that the Brussels specimen, although it must be wonderfully like the bicolor, differs in some respects essentially and cannot be the same species, nor do the differences appear to be sexual.\nI therefore regard the specimen of the Brussels Museum as belonging to a distinct species, and after having described it under the name Pachyteria Borrei, I will reproduce Mr. Fry\xe2\x80\x99s detailed description of the type specimen of Pachyteria bicolor Parry.

Description: Among the specimens of Ac. B\xc3\xbcttikoferi from Liberia, described in my foregoing paper \xc2\xb9), I found a number of smaller Acanthodrilidae, which at first I believed to be young individuals of the same species. However examining them more accurately, I recognized that they present some characters, which hitherto are not observed in any other species of the genus Acanthodrilus, and I have no doubt, that they belong to a new species. In honour of the Naturalist, who had done so much to increase our knowledge of the tropical Earthworms, I will name it Ac. Beddardi.\nThe length of the largest individual is about 160 m.m. The cephalic lobe is rather long, compared to that of Ac. B\xc3\xbcttikoferi and the setae are more projecting than in this species. The setae are arranged in four pairs, upon a whitecolored ridge in the middle of each segment; in the anterior segments they are situated on the ventral side of the hody, however in the posterior segments the dorsal pair of them is placed more laterally. The clitellum is very distinct, extending from segment (13) 14 to (19) 20; it shows at the ventral side a deep, rectangular groove over its total length. The male generative apertures are situated in this depressed area, upon two pairs of papillae, in the 17th and 19th ring. The copulatory pouches open between the 7th and 8th, the 8th and 9th segment, in front of the ventral pairs of setae; in the vicinity of the openings there is a glandular, not well-defined area upon the ventral side of segment 7, 8 and 9.

Description: 1. Pachyteria zonopteroides Fleutiaux, Annales de la Soci\xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 Entomologique de France, 1887, p. 66; pl. 4, fig. 6 = Callichroma Griffithii Hope, Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. Vol. XVIII (1840) p. 440; tab. 80, fig. 2. ( Aphrodisium Griffithii Hope in the Munich Catalogue), 2. Euoplia argenteo-maculata Aurivillius, Entomologisk Tidskrift. Bd. VIII (1887) p. 196, fig. 3 = Lamia pulchellator Westwood, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1837, p. 128. ( Batocera pulchellator Westw. in the Munich Catalogue).

Description: This bird is known also as the stinking pheasant, anna, stinking anna, and van Batenburg\xe2\x80\x99s turkey \xe2\x80\x94 after a Dutch Governor of years gone by. It gets the name \xc2\xbbstinking\xe2\x80\x99 from the peculiar smell, like fresh cow-dung, that comes from its crop or stomach or both, for when the skin is preserved it possesses no smell, and the body when the inside has been removed is quite sweet. Notwithstanding the possibility of removing the smell by removing the bowels, it is never used as food; consequently it passes its time in peace and plenty.\nIt is found in only one place in this country viz. the Berbice River and one of its branches, the Oanje Creek, living together in great numbers on the low bushes that border these waters, especially on a \xe2\x80\x9epimpler\xe2\x80\x9d Dreponocarpus lunatus) that stretches its branches over the muddy water and rises and falls with the tide. Any day in the year they can be seen sitting side by side like love-birds on the branches of this shrub or on the low trees behind them. They fly from twig to twig and although I have seen these birds every day for the last six years, I have never seen them extend their flight beyond twenty or thirty yards at one time, and never once saw them on the ground. This inactivity is not the result of inability, for their wings are well developed, and their legs and feet are strong. They never leave the river side, and their food is the leaves and seeds of this \xe2\x80\x9epimpler\xe2\x80\x9d and of a plant that grows in the water, a kind of gigantic cuckoo pint, called at home \xe2\x80\x9elords and ladies\xe2\x80\x9d, in this country called \xc2\xbbMucca-Mucca\xe2\x80\x9d ( Caladium arborescens). I may mention in passing that there is not a puddle of water in the Colony in which this Caladium is not found, and Dreponocarpus lunatus fringes every river and creek in the country.

Description: Bright green, changing to olive-brown and deep red in certain lights; a small spot on the forehead piceous red, thorax with a large triangular discal spot either entirely black, or piceous with the angles red, sometimes with a small green spot on each side at the base; elytra with a large basal spot, partly or entirely divided by a green stripe just within the humeral prominence, and a large oblique spot on the apical half black; antennae, tibiae and outer margin of the posterior coxae red, tarsi black or piceous.\nHead rather coarsely but not very closely punctured, a narrow central longitudinal ridge, flattened, slightly dilated and free at its apex; clypeus impressed in front, the apical margin strongly reflexed and slightly notched in the. centre. Thorax trisinuous at the base, rounded at the sides with the anterior angles a little produced, very finely and sparingly punctured on the disk, the sides rather coarsely punctured. Scutellum impunctate. Elytra with some rows of fine remote punctures towards the sides and apex and an impressed row of coarse punctures next the suture behind, the lateral margin towards the apex and the apical margin slightly serrate, the suture elevated behind and acute at the apex. Pygidium with coarse remote punctures, the apical margin fringed with yellowish grey hairs. Beneath sparsely punctured, mesosternal process long, obtusely pointed and incurved at the apex; abdomen strongly impressed in the centre, legs sparsely punctured, the femora slightly strigose, anterior tibiae without lateral teeth.

Description: In the Vol. IX of \xc2\xbbNotes from the Leyden Museum\xe2\x80\x9d (1887, p. 212) M. Fairmaire has honoured my description of a new genus of Bostrychidae (this Journal, Vol. VII, 1885, p. 51) with a short but attractive notice.\nThere is no ground for M. Fairmaire\xe2\x80\x99s assertion that the genus Apoleon Gorham is identical with Dysides Perty. The difference of the countries from which they come, Siam and South America, was alone sufficient to raise this presumption. Nor does it belong to the Ptinides (Anobiidae is what M. Fairmaire intends I presume), nor is there any reason to think Dysides itself does not belong to the Bostrychidae, where Westwood places it.

Description: Angusta, elongata, nigro-cyanea, capite prothoraceque supra et subtus rufis, corpore subtus nigro, coxis ferrugineis; capite sat magno, diffuse et subtiliter punctato, antennis nigris ad basim ferrugineis, articulo septimo dilatato, octavo triangulariter dilatato, 9\xc2\xb0\xe2\x80\x9411\xc2\xb0 majoribus, subaequaliter; prothorace latitudine longiori, distincte marginato, lateribus leviter rotundatis, ante basim sinuatis, angulis posticis acutiusculis, disco diffuse et subtiliter punctato, ad basim depresso, depressione linea longitudinali utrimque instructa; scutello l\xc3\xa6vi; elytris ad apicem sensim angustatis, apicibus ipsis vix oblique truncatis , sat fortiter punctatostriatis; metasterno fere l\xc3\xa6vi, abdomine diffuse punctato, lineis coxalibus brevibus, indistinctis; pedibus modicis, nigropiceis, tarsis subtus densius pilosis. \xe2\x80\x94 Long. 5\xc2\xbd\xe2\x80\x946 mm.\nNarrow and elongate, nigro-cyaneous, with the head and thorax red, the underside of the rest of the body black, scarcely cyaneous, and the coxae ferruginous; head moderately large, finely and diffusely punctured; antenn\xc3\xa6 black, ferruginous at base, with a 4-jointed club, the 8th joint however being considerably smaller than the 9th; thorax longer than broad, with the sides gently rounded, and sinuate before base, diffusely punctured, posterior angles acute, base depressed with a short longitudinal stria on each side of the depression; elytra gradually narrowed to apex, with rows of rather strong punctures; metasternum and abdomen very diffusely punctured, last segment of the latter rather strongly punctured, coxal lines short and more or less obsolete; legs pitchy black, tarsi rather strongly pilose beneath.