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  • Artikel  (14.235)
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (14.235)
  • 1995-1999  (14.235)
  • Informatik  (14.235)
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  • 101
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Book Reviews (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00049.x
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  • 102
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Applications (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00051.x
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  • 103
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expert systems (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00052.x
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  • 104
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An expert system for unit commitment and power demand prediction using fuzzy logic and neural networks (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: The paper discusses the implementation of a fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks approach to providing a structural framework for the representation, manipulation and utilisation of data and information concerning prediction of power demand and generation commitments. An algorithm has been implemented and trained to predict the power demand at each load point on an hourly basis. The neural network is then implemented to supply the brute force necessary to accommodate the large amount of sensory data to provide the initial evaluation of the generation units to be committed. Results of the fuzzy model show a reasonable correspondence with the actual power demand. A standard deviation error for an hourly based prediction is limited to 4.4. Further refinement of the fuzzy model may produce further improvements. Implementation of artificial neural networks for scheduling an hourly unit commitment based on load demands is also discussed The backpropagation technique based on the I/O mapping method has been chosen for structuring the neural network. Geographically related load points and generating units are clustered into groups. Grouping has significantly reduced the number of inputs and outputs to the neural network and, hence, reduced the system complexity. As a result, both training requirements and running real time interaction are significantly improved. The expert system would replace and utilise the requirement for skilled dispatchers in scheduling the generators. It is anticipated that this facility is more accurate, dynamic, adaptive and more efficient than a skilled dispatcher. The overall cost of power generation is expected to be less if the new facility is used. Initial results have reflected a satisfactory correlation between predicted and actual results, with a standard deviation error of 1.71% and 1.96% in the base load units of HTPS and ATPS respectively.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00281.x
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  • 105
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Process factors in knowledge acquisition (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Knowledge acquisition (KA) is often characterised as a crucial bottleneck in the development of expert system applications. General definitions of KA view it as a collection of subprocesses such as elicitation, analysis and representation, but in actual practice, each KA occurrence may involve one or all of these subprocesses in varying sequences and combinations. No model or framework currently exists for describing the many possible variations in KA processes as they actually occur. This article presents a new way of characterising knowledge acquisition processes that is not tied to one particular technique or approach to KA. Three nested levels are proposed to characterise the many possible variations and combinations of KA dynamics: the process, episode and transaction levels of analysis. Each of these is further delineated in a top-down manner. Not only does this scheme provide a fairly comprehensive means for viewing KA dynamics as a whole, but it suggests several factors that have heretofore drawn little research attention. The suggested constructs capture more accurately what actually occurs in the practice of KA. In so doing they also provide the foundation for structuring future research into how KA processes may unfold.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00283.x
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  • 106
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Citation-based journal rankings for expert system research (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Research into the development and impacts of expert systems has accumulated to a point where it may be said to constitute a distinct field of study. As such, the evolution, organisation and dissemination of expert system research are themselves topics for investigation. Here we focus on the dissemination aspect, providing objective rankings of journals that have had the greatest impacts on recent expert system research. Our study examines the citation patterns of all research published in five expert systems journals during the past five years. Over 14 000 citations to more than 800 journals are analysed under two kinds of ranking schemes. These are based on cumulative citation counts and normalised citation counts. The latter adjusts for the number of years a journal article has been available to be cited. The reported rankings will be of interest to all who want to know where scientific developments that influence expert system research are reported: those who conduct, support, evaluate and study expert system research.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00268.x
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  • 107
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The resurgence of the AI field: IJCAI‘95, Montreal, 20–25 August 1995 (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00274.x
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  • 108
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00276.x
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  • 109
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Call for Papers (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00278.x
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  • 110
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The MD Shell and its use to develop Dust-Expert (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: In this paper we describe TheMD (The Methods Designer) shell and its use in the development of an expert system, known as Dust-Expert, for the relief of dust explosions. We begin by providing the motivation for the development of TheMD Shell by evaluating a prototype implementation of Dust-Expert using a conventional shell. This evaluation is carried out in terms of the transparency, reliability and extensibility of the system.The lessons learned from this evaluation have led to the development of TheMD Shell. We describe the main features of the shell which include more appropriate schemas, more complete explanation capabilities, a ranking scheme and equation-solving capabilities. We illustrate the use of the schemas and the importance of the equation-solving capabilities by examples from the domain of dust explosions. We also provide a formal specification of the ranking scheme that we adopt. We conclude by highlighting the benefits of our approach in comparison to the usual process of developing knowledge-based systems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00112.x
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Book Reviews (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Subjective Probability George Wright and Peter Ayton (Eds.)Knowledge-based Information Systems D. Partridge and K. M. HussainIntelligent Agents: the New Revolution in Software Christine Guilfoyle and Ellie WarnerHigh Performance Computing Demystified D. Loshin, AP ProfessionalKnowledge Processing and Applied Artificial Intelligence Soumitra Dutta
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00116.x
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  • 112
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A knowledge-based framework for planning non-destructive evaluation (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: A knowledge-based system (KBS) could be an ideal decision tool to reduce the complexity of planning non-destructive evaluation (NDE) or scheduling inspections. Such a KBS would have to evaluate the advantages and limitations of each available technique, given the specificity of a problem, and incorporate the fundamental knowledge derived from failure analysis. The KBS should include topics such as materials vs. defect size and type, probability of failure, and basic reliability information. In order to organise knowledge of materials degradation efficiently, the parameters that control various forms of failure first have to be rationalised in a general framework. This framework and their factors would then constitute a quantitative and easily programmable description of the independent variables controlling the intensity of a failure. This paper describes such a framework which could guide the general selection of NDE for materials failure, with a particular emphasis on corrosion related failures. The framework architecture itself was constructed using an object-oriented methodology for maximum flexibility, since it was anticipated that the materials parameters could easily be described as multidimensional objects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00043.x
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  • 113
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Countermatch in the community (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00050.x
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  • 114
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Computers learn to smell and taste (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: They all stink: food and drink, perfumery, household products, soaps, shampoos, paints, manufacturing processes, printing processes, waste products, contaminated air, and automotive emissions and environmental testing. In every case, small is a criterion of quality.Automated techniques to ‘smell’ or ‘taste’ liquids using mass spectrometry and gas chromatography are time consuming, require skilled personnel and often do not give the information required for qualitative ‘testing’. A new technique is now available due to the advances in neural computing technology and multi-sensor array technology. The combination of these two approaches tries to simulate the human olfactory system in a simplified form. This paper shows that the recognition ability of an odour sensor array will be significantly improved using a neural computing approach in order to discriminate between similar odours.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00048.x
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  • 115
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expert systems (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00030.x
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  • 116
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Virtual reality applications (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00056.x
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  • 117
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Virtual reality tools (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00034.x
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  • 118
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Speech recognition (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00037.x
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fuzzy logic (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00040.x
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  • 120
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (1999)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 16 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00093
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  • 121
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    How much can you learn? A new learning metric (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00083
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Natural language interface for an expert system (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: This paper provides complete analysis of natural language interface from the screen manager to the parser/understander, even though it has some limitations. The main focus is on the design and development of a subsystem for understanding natural language input in an expert system. Fast response time and user-friendliness were the most important considerations in the design. The screen manager provides an easy editing capability for the user. The spelling correction system can detect most spelling errors and correct them automatically, quickly and effectively. The Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) parser and the understander are designed to handle most types of simple sentences, fragments, and ellipses. As a result, this system as applied to a man-machine dialogue gives improved ill-formed natural language input handling capabilities to the expert system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00080
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  • 123
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00084
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  • 124
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Goal-driven automation of a deep space communications station: a case study in knowledge engineering for plan generation and execution (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper describes the application of Artificial Intelligence techniques for plan generation, plan execution, and plan monitoring to automate a Deep Space Communication Station. This automation allows a communication station to respond to a set of tracking goals by appropriately reconfiguring the communications hardware and software to provide the requested communications services. In particular this paper describes: (1) the overall automation architecture, (2) the plan generation and execution monitoring AI technologies used and implemented software components, and (3) the knowledge engineering process and effort required for automation. This automation was demonstrated in February 1995, at the DSS13 Antenna Station in Goldstone, CA on a series of Voyager tracks and the technologies demonstrated are being transferred to the operational Deep Space Network stations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00073
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  • 125
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ASHSD-II: A computational model for litigation support (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: In this paper a hybrid knowledge-based system which exploits both rule-based reasoning (RBR) and case-based reasoning (CBR) is presented. The issues of RBR and CBR in general in the context of legal knowledge-based systems and legislation in rule form and previously-decided cases in an interconnected graph form are discussed. It is possible for the user to select either reasoning method (RBR or CBR), or indicate no preference. The rule base of this system consists of two types of rule. The first type of rule determines which options are legally applicable. The second type indicates how the courts are likely to act within the range of options available, which is determined by the first type of rule. When CBR is selected, the system uses the features of previously-decided cases to select the most similar cases to the situation that is described in the input and displays their details of decisions. In case of the selection of no preference option, the system applies RBR and CBR method separately, and then presents results based on an automated relative rating of the qualities of the RBR (based on the second type of rules) and CBR advice. These ideas have been implemented in a prototype system, known as Advisory Support for Home Settlement in Divorce (ASHSD-II).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00075
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  • 126
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A blackboard system approach to electromagnetic sensor data interpretation (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: A prototype system for automated defect classification and characterisation of automotive or other components involving two separate inspection sensors, vision and electromagnetic, was developed. This paper concentrates on the development work and issues related to the electromagnetic sensor. In particular, the issues relating to knowledge acquisition and knowledge representation are discussed. For instance, one of the problems which arose during the development work was that it appeared that the reasoning carried out unconsciously by a human was more complex than had been realised and not easily encapsulated as high level knowledge. A blackboard architecture was used to integrate the different areas of expertise required for each sensor to interpret the results of the inspections. The main issue here was in the effective use of the blackboard architecture for intelligent data fusion at all levels to improve interpretation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00077
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  • 127
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Bibliography of Genetic Algorithm Business Application Research: 1988–June 1996 (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The purpose of this research is to present a comprehensive bibliography of genetic algorithm application research in business. Ninety-seven genetic algorithm papers (98 applications) are identified through the exhaustive literature searches. A classification of these articles by application area reveals that genetic algorithms are being used for a diverse range of corporate functional activities, particularly in the areas of production/operations and information systems. Information on the genetic algorithm development tool/language and the computer operating environment as reported in each article is included. Those journals which have published the most genetic algorithm business applications are also presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00066
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  • 128
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Device-independent Color Correction for Multimedia Applications Using Neural Networks and Abductive Modeling Approaches (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Although color has appeal for developers and consumers alike, color reproduction poses a major problem in many computer based applications including multimedia and desktop publishing. The problem arises because of the device-independence of color, and the way each device processes color. Matching the appearance of monitor and print images, and achieving satisfactory results is complex. Not only are there fundamental differences between computer screen (additive) and printers (subtractive), but subtractive color is in general more prone to errors due to dye inadequacies. In order to control the error in porting color, different techniques have been applied. In this paper, the utilization of artificial neural networks as well as abductive modeling approaches to color error reduction are introduced from an RGB (Red Green Blue) color model perspective. Analysis of the results and on-going research issues are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00069
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  • 129
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00072
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  • 130
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 15 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00065
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  • 131
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    Digitale Medien
    Editorial (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00035
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  • 132
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    Database Based Reasoning for Real Time Monitoring and Data Analysis in Intensive Care Units (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The complexity of the monitored data available in modern intensive care units (ICUs) means that they are best processed, for presentation to medical staff, by expert system techniques. This article describes an expert system that has an appropriately designed inference engine, handling the temporal considerations inherent in monitoring and manages data acquisition via a Medical Information Bus. Also, we will describe how we extended our monitoring system in ICUs by writing an interface allowing communication in dynamic SQL with a relational database management system. The extended system facilitates both permanent filing of case data and the use of filed data by the rules of the expert system, and allows automatic intelligent screening of data prior to permanent filing so as to ensure data reliability.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00056
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  • 133
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00058
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  • 134
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    A Measurement Framework that Supports Evaluation of Knowledge Engineering Products (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In this paper, we stress the importance of considering evaluation from an overall viewpoint in order to product higher quality Knowledge-based Systems (KBS), that is, measuring attributes of products generated throughout the entire system life cycle rather than the final system alone. A framework for measuring typical products obtained during the development phases is proposed here. This measurement framework includes the definition of the products and the definition of attributes that characterize these products. The attributes are ordered as a multilevel hierarchy. The aim of the measurement framework proposed is to facilitate the application of measurement plans to KBS, using associated metrics. When building this environment, we sought to unify other work in the field of KBS evaluation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00050
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  • 135
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    Intelligent Scheduling with GUESS (Generically Used Expert Scheduling System): Development and Testing Results (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Scheduling is a prevalent function that is omnipresent throughout many industries and applications (Pinedo, 1995; Morton & Pentico, 1993; Zweben & Fox, 1994; Brown & Scherer, 1995). A great need exists for developing scheduling toolkits that can be generically applied to a number of different scheduling problems. To meet this need, more research is warranted for developing a state-of-the-art generic constraint problem-solver as related to scheduling. This paper discusses the development and testing of the Generically Used Expert Scheduling System (GUESS).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00048
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  • 136
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    Digitale Medien
    News (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00046
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  • 137
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    Digitale Medien
    Diary (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00047
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  • 138
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    Digitale Medien
    An Analysis of Knowledge Acquisition Roles and Participants (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Much recent research effort in the field of knowledge acquisition (KA) has focussed on extending knowledge acquisition techniques and processes to include a wider array of participants and knowledge sources in a variety of knowledge acquisition scenarios. As the domain of expert systems applications and research has expanded, techniques have been developed to acquire and incorporate knowledge from groups of experts and from various sources such as text, video, and audio tapes. However, the dominant participant-role model remains that of the knowledge engineer eliciting knowledge from one or more human experts. This conceptual gap has contributed to the major divisions in the KA field between researchers interested in manual KA and those developing tools for automated KA. This article considers the wide variety of possible KA scenarios and presents a meta-view of KA participants and the roles they may assume.We suggest that it is more appropriate to think of knowledge acquisition participants as playing one or more roles. These include knowledge sources, agents and targets for KA processes. We also present a participant model drawn from research in decision support systems that more accurately characterizes the diversity of the entities participating in the KA process. This view is more inclusive as it allows us to consider both human-human and human-computer KA interactions as well as the whole variety of knowledge sources and targets. A careful consideration of the meta-view and its associated role-participant mappings also yields the new ideas of the elemental and composite role and the multi-role entity. These new constructs are then used to identify areas where research is currently needed and to generate specific research issues. Taken altogether, this view allows a more flexible consideration of the many possible combinations that can and frequently do occur in actual KA situations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00036
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  • 139
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    Digitale Medien
    Knowledge types: a practical approach to guide knowledge engineering in domains of building design (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper presents experiences and findings achieved through several expert system projects in domains of technical buiding design. The main focus is on knowledge acquisition and knowledge decomposition. Different approaches are presented and discussed. Four types of knowledge are presented: object knowledge, performance knowledge, event knowledge and metaknowledge, and the applicability of this classification to building design is justified. The paper includes a listing of experiences gained by real world testing of an expert system, and finally we outline guidelines to knowledge engineering in the domain of technical building
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00186.x
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  • 140
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    Digitale Medien
    A comparison of knowledge elicitation methods (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: This paper describes a computer based approach to comparing data obtained for Knowledge Based Systems via established but very varied knowledge elicitation (KE) techniques. It describes not only the detailed comparison of different KE methods (in this case ‘scaling’ and ‘non-scaling’) but also investigates the use of ‘demonstration’ or ‘evaluation’ systems, as a variation on the more established rapid prototyping approaches to the elicitation and evaluation of knowledge for KBS construction, in this case by focusing upon the quality and relevance of the elicited knowledge from the perspective of the expert himself. Preliminary results from the study reported here suggest that non-scaling methods produce a greater amount of raw data than scaling methods, and that this data is less likely to require correction or modification for inclusion within a Knowledge Based System. However, the results also indicate that non-scaling derived data is more likely than scaling derived data data to be rejected outright.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00125.x
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  • 141
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    Digitale Medien
    Applications of artificial neural networks to the nonlinear combination of forecasts (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper proposes artificial neural networks (ANN) as a tool for nonlinear combination of forecasts. In this study, three forecasting models are used for individual forecasts, and then two linear combining methods are used to compare with the ANN combining method. The comparative experiment using real-world data shows that the prediction by the ANN method outperforms those by linear combining methods. The paper suggests that the ANN method can be used as an alternative to conventional linear combining methods to achieve greater forecasting accuracy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00119.x
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  • 142
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00123.x
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  • 143
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Importance of information pre-processing in the improvement of neural network results (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper compares the success ratio of certain topologies when their input data are changed through different pre-processing methods. It begins with the database description, and it shows some different kinds of pre-processing that will be applied and the necessary modifications to the input layer of the network. The process is carried out using four networks with supervised learning (Standard Backpropagation, Quick propagation, Resilient Propagation and Backpropagation with Momentum) and two with unsupervised learning (ART 1 and Dynamic Learning Vector Quantization).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00182.x
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  • 144
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A knowledge-based framework for intelligent-data migration (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: The Object-Inferencing Framework (OIF) is a knowledge-based system developed for intelligent-data migration. The framework provides a mechanism to integrate relational data which represents a source model; a project-specific rulebase which specifies plausible migration scenarios; and a deduction system to facilitate the migration of source data to a new, complex target model. Typically, the target model includes constituents that possess both graphic and tabular components. Although the framework is experimental, industrial applications built upon OIF have been successfully deployed in scenarios in which the source data contained implicit information in that semantic relationships and structure conveyed by the data had to be inferred by a domain expert. This framework provides a substrate for migration from any unstructured or semi-structured data representation to a complex, semantically rich target data model. Examples of the migration of CAD data, which represents an electrical-distribution system, to a client-server based Automated Mapping/Facilities Management (AM/FM) platform are presented to convey the salient features of the design and utility of the OIF. Even though the examples are taken from a specific domain, the approach has potential applications in a myriad of domains, including business enterprises in which the migration of data created and managed by legacy systems to object-oriented and clientserver environments is an area of intense research and development.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00184.x
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  • 145
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Book Reviews (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: A Review of Industrial Case-Based Reasoning Tools Klaus-Dieter Althoff, Eric Auriol, Ralph Barletta and Michel ManagoSmalltalk: An Introduction to Application Development Using Visual Works Trevor Hopkins and Bernard Horan, Prentice HallIntelligent Control in Biomedicine D.A. Linkens (Ed.)Multisensor Integration and Fusion for Intelligent Machines and Systems edited by Ren C. Luo and Michael G. Kay, AblexDelphi Nuts & Bolts for Experienced Programmers G. Cornell and T. Strain
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00187.x
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  • 146
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    Digitale Medien
    A framework for the generation of project-specific quality control for knowledge-based system development (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: : This paper describes a framework for the generation of quality control procedures for knowledge-based system (KBS) projects. KBS projects have their own brand of technical difficulties. These are discussed, and the mismatch between KBS projects and traditional software quality assurance (SQA) approaches is described. An iterative approach to quality is suggested based upon Boehm's Spiral Model of project management. The principles of this approach are described followed by a description of the elements of the framework under development, including inputs, outputs and internal functionality. The operation of the framework is then demonstrated in relation to the Spiral Model. Application of the framework to KBS development project issues is then discussed in relation to current guidelines for KBS quality assurance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00282.x
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  • 147
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 13 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1996.tb00285.x
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  • 148
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    Digitale Medien
    A knowledge-based approach for task allocation in heterogeneous distributed computer systems (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper presents a knowledge-based system for task allocation in a network of processors. Since the problem is NP-complete, optimisation techniques are computationally prohibitive and impractical. Our approach reduces computational burden by using (1) a two-level hierarchical scheduling model to alleviate the problem complexity, and (2) a search strategy that uses knowledge from the knowledge base to limit the search space to a manageable size. The major goal of our approach is to generate good but not necessarily optimal solutions quickly. The system is implemented on a Sun SPARCstation 1 + using Common Lisp. Our computational experience in using this system for task allocation indicates that the two-level hierarchical approach generates better schedules in shorter computational time than a non-hierarchical approach.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00267.x
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  • 149
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    Digitale Medien
    Integration of human knowledge and machine knowledge by using fuzzy post adjustment: its performance in stock market timing prediction (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper proposes a fuzzy post adjustment (FPA) mechanism so that human knowledge and machine knowledge can be integrated more synergistically to improve the performance of expert systems. Machine knowledge means knowledge algorithmically derived from past instances. Human knowledge implies (1) expert knowledge judging the trends of external factors and (2) user knowledge representing users’personal views about information given by both expert knowledge and machine knowledge. We consider an expert system that uses the FPA mechanism to incorporate the effect of external factors effectively into its inference process. The goal of this expert system is stock market timing prediction, which is divided into four kinds: bull, edged-up, edged-down and bear. Empirical tests showed that the proposed FPA mechanism can improve the performance of an expert system significantly, even in a turbulent decision-making environment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00270.x
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  • 150
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    Digitale Medien
    Laddering (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: There is still a need for new knowledge elicitation techniques and tools. Laddering is a technique which has a long history in a wide range of disciplines and which has proved extremely useful in knowledge elicitation. There have, however, been few attempts to describe and survey the technique per se. This paper describes the technique, its background, its use, analysis, and automation, with particular reference to knowledge elicitation. The advantages and disadvantages of the technique are described. It is concluded that laddering is a valuable technique which could be used in a wide range of settings.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00271.x
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  • 151
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00277.x
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  • 152
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    Digitale Medien
    Book Reviews (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The Art and Science of Smalltalk: An Introduction to Object Oriented Programming Using VisualWorks Simon LewisThe Book of GENESIS: Exploring Realistic Neural Models with the General Neural Simulation System James Bower and D. BeemanThe Book of GENESIS: Exploring Real istic Neural Models with the General Neural Simulation System James Bower and D. BeemanThe ISDN Literacy Book Gerald L. HopkinsThe Virtual Reality Casebook Carl Eugene LoeHer and Tim
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00275.x
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  • 153
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    Digitale Medien
    Uncertainty in telecommunication network design (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: The design of telecommunication networks is a complex activity involving a vast amount of input data and numerous design rules. Much of the data is estimated and many of the rules are based upon experiential knowledge. The use of existing uncertainty techniques in expert systems is not really suited to the complexity of telecommunication network design. Having investigated the uncertainty problem, it is believed that a more rational method has been found for use in this application area. The paper presents the ‘Uncertainty Window’technique and its testing on one aspect of network design, namely that of network synchronisation.The essence of this uncertainty process is one of associating individual uncertainty windows with the relevant rules, data and facts of a design problem, which results in providing the network designer with an insight into the possible uncertainties within a design at each stage of the process. It indicates which information sources provide the dominant uncertainty and which assumptions are critical, needing further investigation, in order to improve the level of confidence in the overall design. The windowing technique works by virtue of its ability to retain the composition of the uncertainties within the problem and their associated values, assumptions, and so forth and allows for better solutions to be obtained.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00111.x
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  • 154
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    Digitale Medien
    DTI begins the wind-down (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00115.x
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  • 155
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Prolog/Rex inference engine (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Prolog/Rex supports the construction of knowledge-based systems, allowing frames (Prolog/Rex concepts) and rules to be combined, and providing language level support for hypothetical reasoning and assumption-based truth maintenance (Prolog/Rex viewpoint mechanism). To increase run-time performance during rule execution, Prolog/Rex provides two complementary rule compilation techniques: the simple indexing scheme and the heavily modified Rete expansion method. To improve the efficiency of the inference engine, we built an agenda-based rule manager that uses priority mechanism and/or heuristics embedded in meta-rules to control the rule firing order. Forward- and backward-chaining can be combined within the same program.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00113.x
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  • 156
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    Digitale Medien
    News (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00117.x
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  • 157
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    Digitale Medien
    Fuzzy temporal reasoning for process supervision (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Process supervision consists of following the temporal evolution (change) of process behaviours. This task has usually been performed based on the knowledge and experience of domain experts and operators. Actually, these experts and operators almost always express their experience and knowledge about process evolution in an imprecise, fuzzy and vague way. A good supervision system should be capable of dealing at once with two different kinds of knowledge: time and uncertainty.For many years, time and uncertainty have been two of the most important topics in Artificial Intelligence research and applications. Many approaches have been proposed to deal with either one or the other. Among the various approaches for time, reified logic has been considered as the most influent one. Possibilistic logic, on the other hand, has shown its ability to handle uncertain knowledge and information. This paper describes an approach for managing temporal uncertainty based on fuzzy logic and possibility theory. A fuzzy temporal expert system shell has been developed to perform process supervision tasks.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00045.x
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  • 158
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    Digitale Medien
    An object-oriented system for ergonomic risk assessment (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: During the last decade, cumulative trauma disorders have become a major concern both to occupational health and safety professionals and manufacturing industries. This paper will present the development of a knowledge-based system for predicting the potential of developing strain injuries among employees exposed to repetitive and forceful activities. This potential is identified through the use of an expert system incorporating a fuzzy set algorithm. Recommendations for the prevention of the resulting CTDs are then provided by the system. The system executes on a microcomputer platform, and was constructed utilising a commercial object-oriented expert system shell.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00047.x
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  • 159
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intelligent agents (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00054.x
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  • 160
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Object-oriented technology (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00055.x
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  • 161
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Speech recognition (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00060.x
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  • 162
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Company news (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00061.x
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  • 163
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    History spot (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00062.x
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  • 164
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    Digitale Medien
    A word of expert advice for Swedish VAT advisors (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00025.x
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  • 165
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Parallel implementation of the fuzzy ARTMAP neural network paradigm on a hypercube (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: The recent surge of interest in connectionist models arose through the availability of high speed parallel supercomputers and the advent of new learning algorithms. The computations performed on concurrent architectures are less costly than similar ones performed on sequential machines. In this paper, the design and implementation of a parallel version of fuzzy ARTMAP (Carpenter et al. 1992), which encompasses both neural and fuzzy logic, is discussed. Fuzzy ARTMAP is a supervised learning algorithm utilising two fuzzy ART modules and an associated mapping network. A simplified version of fuzzy ARTMAP (SFAM) was designed by incorporating a simplification of the match tracking concept on unsupervised fuzzy ART paradigms. The proposed simplified version consists of only one fuzzy ART module and an associated mapping network. A parallel fuzzy ARTMAP (PFAM) algorithm is then designed and implemented on a hypercube simulator (iPSC). The algorithm is parallelised for any architecture and, with the exception of issues related to communications, the implementation remains the same on any type of parallel machine. PFAM enjoys the advantage of reduced training time that makes the algorithm a successful candidate for applications that require both online testing and training. Such applications can range from underwater sonar detection and chemical plant processing control to nuclear reactor process control, flexible manufacturing and systems analysis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00024.x
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  • 166
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Book Reviews (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00027.x
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  • 167
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Neural networks (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00053.x
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  • 168
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Virtual reality applications (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00033.x
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  • 169
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Languages (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00059.x
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  • 170
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Designing for flexibility: a case study (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Expert systems have traditionally been designed with one particular purpose in mind, whether problem-solving, critiquing etc. When the system is intended for users with varying background knowledge it becomes necessary to provide different facilities for different groups of users, which in turn puts demands on how the knowledge must be represented. This paper describes an industrial prototype—Protein Purification Advisor (PPA)—in the area of protein purification, and how a suitable choice of knowledge representation has allowed us to use the same knowledge for a number of purposes including those mentioned above. Particular interest is laid on the topic of how to represent the heuristic knowledge and how to use it in actual decision-making.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00023.x
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  • 171
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    Digitale Medien
    Applying KADS to KADS: knowledge-based guidance for knowledge engineering (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: The KADS methodology (Schreiber et al. 1993; Tansley & Hayball 1993) and its successor, CommonKADS (Wielinga et al. 1992) have proved to be very useful approaches for modelling the various transformations involved between eliciting knowledge from an expert and encoding this knowledge in a computer program. These transformations are represented in a series of models. While it is widely agreed that these methods are excellent approaches from a theoretical viewpoint, the documentation provided concentrates on defining what models should be produced, with only general guidance on how the models should be produced. This has the advantage of making KADS and CommonKADS widely applicable, but it also means that considerable training and experience is required to become proficient in them. This paper reviews three projects that investigated the feasibility of producing specific guidance for certain decisions which are required when using KADS or CommonKADS to develop a knowledge-based system. Guidance was produced for the identification of the generic task addressed by a knowledge-based system; for the selection of appropriate AI techniques for implementing the analysed knowledge; and for selecting a suitable tool for implementing the system. Each set of guidance was encoded in its own knowledge-based system, which was itself developed with the assistance of KADS or CommonKADS. These projects therefore both studied and applied KADS and CommonKADS in order to produce knowledge-based guidance for knowledge engineers. The projects showed that it was feasible to produce heuristic guidance which could be understood, applied and occasionally overridden by knowledge engineers. The guidance provides reasonably experienced knowledge engineers with a framework for making the key decisions required by CommonKADS, in the same way that CommonKADS provides knowledge engineers with a framework for representing knowledge. The projects also produced some new insights about CommonKADS domain modelling and about the process of task identification.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00022.x
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  • 172
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Applications (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00029.x
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  • 173
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intelligent agents (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00032.x
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  • 174
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tools (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00035.x
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  • 175
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hardware (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00038.x
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  • 176
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Company news (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00041.x
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  • 177
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Conferences, courses, seminars (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 12 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1995.tb00042.x
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  • 178
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Case Based Diagnosis and Repair of Software Faults (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Software debugging (the diagnosis and repair of faults in software) can be a difficult and time consuming problem. In many cases a problem which can take an inexperienced developer a long time to correct can be quickly identified and corrected by a more experienced one. This is often because they have seen that problem (or a similar one) before. In this paper we present a system (called WATSON) which automatically constructs an explanation of the fault and a repair strategy from a library of partial repair models. This system exploits Case Based Reasoning (CBR) technology to perform this construction. The paper introduces the concepts behind CBR before going on to describe the components of the WATSON system. It then illustrates, by example, how WATSON constructs a diagnosis and repair model from the case databases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00037
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  • 179
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00040
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  • 180
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    Digitale Medien
    Diary (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00041
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  • 181
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    Digitale Medien
    Editorial (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1997.00035.x
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  • 182
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    VALIDATION OF FIRST-ORDER RULE-BASED SYSTEMS (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 12 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Knowledge base validation and knowledge base refinement aim to help the expert to improve an existing knowledge base. They deal with the final knowledge acquisition phase and rely on a quality measurement of an existing knowledge base. We present our approach to knowledge base refinement, which is based on results in the domain of knowledge base validation. Our approach is based on a general consistency definition of a knowledge base and on a study of causes of knowledge base inconsistency. Our approach relies significantly on a differentiation of sure and expert knowledge in the knowledge base. We have implemented a system that has two phases: one computational phase decides on the consistency of a knowledge base, and, if necessary, a second phase helps the expert to interactively update the knowledge base. We present some related work in the domain. We illustrate the use of our system with an example.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1996.tb00275.x
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  • 183
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    COMPUTATION OF BEST BOUNDS OF PROBABILITIES FROM UNCERTAIN DATA (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 12 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: An uncertainty reasoning method is presented in this article. The method can be used to compute from a given set of conditional probabilities the best lower bounds and the best upper bounds of those conditional probabilities that are not explicitly provided. The computation of the best upper(lower) bound of such a conditional probability relies on solution of a linear programming problem. Some reduction techniques are proposed in this article to improve the efficiency of our uncertainty reasoning method. As illustrated in Section 4.3, for many uncertainty reasoning problems in medical diagnosis, by using our reduction techniques, the best range of a conditional probability, which is specified by a lower bound and an upper bound, can be computed in polynomial time in terms of the number of basic events involved in the reasoning.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1996.tb00276.x
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  • 184
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ON THE IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION OF AbTweak (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 12 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In this paper, we describe the implementation and evaluation of the AbTweak planning system, a test bed for studying and teaching concepts in partial-order planning, abstraction, and search control. We start by extending the hierarchical, precondition-elimination abstraction of ABSTRIPS to partial-order-based, least-commitment planners such as Tweak. The resulting system, AbTweak, illustrates the advantages of using abstraction to improve the efficiency of search. We show that by protecting a subset of abstract conditions achieved so far, and by imposing a bias on search toward deeper levels in a hierarchy, planning efficiency can be greatly improved. Finally, we relate AbTweak to other planning systems SNLP, ALPINE, and SIPE by exploring their similarities and differences.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1996.tb00264.x
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  • 185
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    DOMAIN-INDEPENDENT TEMPORAL REASONING WITH RECURRING EVENTS (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 12 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Numerous examples of temporal reasoning involve a process of abstraction from the number of times an event is to occur or the number of times events stand in a temporal relation. For example, scheduling a recurring event such as one's office hours may consider things like the relative temporal ordering of the office hours and a number of other events in a given work day. The number of times office hours will actually be held may be unknown, even irrelevant, at the time of scheduling them. The objective of this article is to formulate a domain-independent framework for reasoning about recurring events and their relations. To achieve this end, we propose an ontology of recurrence based on the model-theoretic structure underlying collective predication using plural noun phrases. We offer a calculus of binary temporal relations for temporal collections based on a well-defined transformation of interval temporal relations into recurrence relations. Finally, we describe a reasoning framework based on manipulating knowledge stored in temporal relation networks, which is in turn a specialization of the CSP (constraint satisfaction problem) framework. The reasoner manipulates recurrence relations in the network to determine the network's consistency or to generate scenarios.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1996.tb00271.x
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  • 186
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    EVENT TRACKING IN A DYNAMIC MULTIAGENT ENVIRONMENT (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 12 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In a dynamic, multiagent environment, an automated intelligent agent is often faced with the possibility that other agents may instigate events that hinder or help the achievement of its own goals. To act intelligently in such an environment, an automated agent needs an event tracking capability to continually monitor the occurrence of such events and the temporal relationships among them. This capability enables an agent to infer the occurrence of important unobserved events as well as to obtain a better understanding of the interaction among events. This article focuses on event tracking in one complex and dynamic multiagent environment: the air-combat simulation environment. It analyzes the challenges that an automated pilot agent must face when tracking events in this environment. This analysis reveals three new issues that have not been addressed in previous work in this area: (i) tracking events generated by agents’ flexible and reactive behaviors, (ii) tracking events in the context of continuous agent interactions, and (iii) tracking events in real time. This article proposes one solution to address these issues. One key idea in this solution is that the (architectural) mechanisms that an agent employs in generating its own flexible and reactive behaviors can be used to track other agents’ flexible and reactive behaviors in real time. A second key idea is the use of a world-centered representation for modeling agent interactions. The solution is demonstrated using an implementation of an automated pilot agent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1996.tb00273.x
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  • 187
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    INTERACTIVE SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL TEXTS (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 12 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Sentence syntax is the basis for organizing semantic relations in TANKA, a project that aims to acquire knowledge from technical text. Other hallmarks include an absence of precoded domain-specific knowledge; significant use of public-domain generic linguistic information sources; involvement of the user as a judge and source of expertise; and learning from the meaning representations produced during processing. These elements shape the realization of the TANKA project: implementing a trainable text processing system to propose correct semantic interpretations to the user. A three-level model of sentence semantics, including a comprehensive Case system, provides the framework for TANKA's representations. Text is first processed by the DIPETT parser, which can handle a wide variety of unedited sentences. The semantic analysis module HAIKU then semi-automatically extracts semantic patterns from the parse trees and composes them into domain knowledge representations. HAIKU's dictionaries and main algorithm are described with the aid of examples and traces of user interaction. Encouraging experimental results are described and evaluated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1996.tb00263.x
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  • 188
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    PATTERN-BASED LEARNING AND SPATIALLY ORIENTED CONCEPT FORMATION IN A MULTI-AGENT, DECISION-MAKING EXPERT (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 12 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: As they gain expertise in problem solving, people increasingly rely on patterns and spatially oriented reasoning. This paper describes an associative visual-pattern classifier and the automated acquisition of new, spatially oriented reasoning agents that simulate such behavior. They are incorporated into a multi-agent game-learning program whose architecture robustly combines agents with conflicting perspectives. When tested on three games, the visual-pattern classifier learns meaningful patterns, and the pattern-based, spatially oriented agents generalized from these patterns are generally correct. The accuracy of the contribution of each of the newly created agents to the decision-making process is measured against an expert opponent, and a perceptron-Iike algorithm is used to learn game-specific weights for these agents. Much of the knowledge encapsulated by the new agents was previously inexpressible in the program's representation and in some cases is not readily deducible from the rules.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1996.tb00259.x
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  • 189
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    INTELLIGENT BEHAVIOR IN MACHINES EMERGING FROM A COLLECTION OF INTERACTIVE CONTROL STRUCTURES (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Control strategies that decompose the competence of an agent into independent, task-achieving control structures are emerging as viable alternatives to the notion that a robot is an explicit symbol processing device with input and output extensions in the form of sensors and actuators. This approach draws inspiration from ethology and the cognitive sciences, where the competence of biological creatures is seen to be a result of the successful combination of several distinct behavior patterns that enable them to interact effectively with their environments.The distinction between classical approaches that view intelligent behavior as the outcome of symbolic manipulations and an alternate approach that asserts that it is the careful integration of distributed, goal-competent control structures that lead to intelligent behavior is analyzed in detail. It is found that this dichotomy can be said to arise from the paradigm that is chosen to represent the knowledge at the disposal of the agent. Structurally encoded knowledge requiring an active interpreter for the knowledge to be exhibited in action leads to the symbol processing paradigm for intelligent behavior, whereas the interactive model for knowledge representation assumes that the knowledge at the disposal of an active agent resides within goal-competent, interactive control structures.A formalism is developed for representing the goal-directed nature of these interactive control structures with clear control-module boundaries. An implementation is then presented to demonstrate some of the basic features of this methodology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00050.x
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  • 190
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    COMPLEXITY RESULTS FOR SAS+ PLANNING (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: We have previously reported a number of tractable planning problems defined in the SAS+ formalism. This article complements these results by providing a complete map over the complexity of SAS+ planning under all combinations of the previously considered restrictions. We analyze the complexity of both finding a minimal plan and finding any plan. In contrast to other complexity surveys of planning, we study not only the complexity of the decision problems but also the complexity of the generation problems. We prove that the SAS+-PUS problem is the maximal tractable problem under the restrictions we have considered if we want to generate minimal plans. If we are satisfied with any plan, then we can generalize further to the SAS+-US problem, which we prove to be the maximal tractable problem in this case.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00052.x
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  • 191
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    AN EPISTEMIC LOGIC WITH QUANTIFICATION OVER NAMES (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Sentential theories of belief hold that propositions (the things that agents believe and know) are sentences of a representation language. To analyze quantification into the scope of attitudes, these theories require a naming map a function that maps objects to their names in the representation language. Epistemic logics based on sentential theories usually assume a single naming map, which is built into the logic. I argue that to describe everyday knowledge, the user of the logic must be able to define new naming maps for particular problems. Since the range of a naming map is usually an infinite set of names, defining a map requires quantification over names. This paper describes an epistemic logic with quantification over names, presents a theorem-proving algorithm based on translation to first-order logic, and proves soundness and completeness. The first version of the logic suffers from the problem of logical omniscience; a second version avoids this problem, and soundness and completeness are proved for this version also.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00045.x
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  • 192
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON ROUGH SETS AND KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00028.x
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  • 193
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    EXTENSION OF THE RELATIONAL DATABASE AND ITS ALGEBRA WITH ROUGH SET TECHNIQUES (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: This paper describes a database model based on the original rough sets theory. Its rough relations permit the representation of a rough set of tuples not definable in terms of the elementary classes, except through use of lower and upper approximations. The rough relational database model also incorporates indiscernibility in the representation and in all the operators of the rough relational algebra. This indiscernibility is based strictly on equivalence classes which must be defined for every attribute domain.There are several obvious applications for which the rough relational database model can more accurately model an enterprise than does the standard relational model. These include systems involving ambiguous, imprecise, or uncertain data. Retrieval over mismatched domains caused by the merging of one or more applications can be facilitated by the use of indiscernibility, and naive system users can achieve greater recall with the rough relational database. In addition, applications inherently “rough” could be more easily implemented and maintained in the rough relational database.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00030.x
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  • 194
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    HANDLING INFORMATION LOGICS IN A GRAPHICAL PROOF EDITOR (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In order to provide a background for rough set modeling of uncertainty, two types of incompleteness of information are discussed. Representation of uncertain knowledge acquired from incomplete information is outlined within the framework of information logics. Relational proof theory for the information logics is presented. It is shown how these logics and their proof systems can be handled in the GLEFATINF (Graphical & Logical Editing Framework) system. This computer program is a key component of the inference laboratory Atelier d'Inféence (ATINF) developed at LIFIA-IMAG, our lab. It provides a general framework, independent of logic and proof systems, for combining inference tools, editing, and checking proofs. The basic principles of its design and implementation are given and its capabilities are discussed. Its application to define the information logics and their proof systems and to present proofs in these proof systems is discussed and illustrated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00034.x
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  • 195
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    DATA-BASED ACQUISITION AND INCREMENTAL MODIFICATION OF CLASSIFICATION RULES (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: One of the most important problems in the application of knowledge discovery systems is the identification and subsequent updating of rules. Many applications require that the classification rules be derived from data representing exemplar occurrences of data patterns belonging to different classes. The problem of identifying such rules in data has been researched within the field of machine learning, and more recently in the context of rough set theory and knowledge discovery in databases. In this paper we present an incremental methodology for finding all maximally generalized rules and for adaptive modification of them when new data become available. The methodology is developed in the context of rough set theory and is based on the earlier idea of discernibility matrix introduced by Skowron.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00038.x
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  • 196
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    PRIMEROSE: PROBABILISTIC RULE INDUCTION METHOD BASED ON ROUGH SETS AND RESAMPLING METHODS (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Automated knowledge acquisition is an important research issue in machine learning. Several methods of inductive learning, such as ID3 family and AQ family, have been applied to discover meaningful knowledge from large databases and their usefulness is assured in several aspects. However, since their methods are of a deterministic nature and the reliability of acquired knowledge is not evaluated statistically, these methods are ineffective when applied to domains essentially probabilistic in nature, such as medical domains. Extending concepts of rough set theory to a probabilistic domain, we introduce a new approach to knowledge acquisition, which induces probabilistic rules based on rough set theory (PRIMEROSE) and develop a program that extracts rules for an expert system from a clinical database, using this method. The results show that the derived rules almost correspond to those of the medical experts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00040.x
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  • 197
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A LOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION FOR TRUTH MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS WITH DEPENDENCY-DIRECTED BACKTRACKING (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In this paper we present various logical characterizations of justification-based (nonmonotonic) truth maintenance systems (JTMS). These characterizations, which are proved to be equivalent, aim at describing dependency-directed backtracking (DDB) (i.e., the process of resolving conflicts which can arise when nogoods are allowed in the set of justifications), mainly relying on the intuitive idea that a contrapositrve use of justifications is needed to resolve inconsistencies. The idea is first formalized by means of the notion of three-valued labeling and then through a transformation which explicitly adds all contrapositives of the justifications. An abductive characterization of the JTMS is provided through a further transformation which converts a set of nonmonotonic justifications to a corresponding abduction framework. This approach provides a unifying framework, based on the notion of abduction, for describing both JTMSs and assumption-based TMSs (ATMSs).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00022.x
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  • 198
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    DESIGNING AND BUILDING A NEGOTIATING AUTOMATED AGENT (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Negotiations are very important in a multiagenl environment, particularly, in an environment where there are conflicts between the agents, and cooperation would be beneficial. We have developed a general structure for a Negotiating Automated Agent that consists of five modules: a Prime Minister, a Ministry of Defense, a Foreign Office, a Headquarters and Intelligence. These modules are implemented using a dynamic set of local agents belonging to the different modules. We used this structure to develop a Diplomacy player. Diplomat. Playing Diplomacy involves a certain amount of technical skills as in other board games, but the capacity to negotiate, explain, convince, promise, keep promises or break them, is an essential ingredient in good play. Diplomat was evaluated and consistently played better than human players.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00026.x
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  • 199
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    AN INTUITIVE MOTIVATION OF BAYESIAN BELIEF MODELS (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The general use of subjective probabilities to model beliefs has been justified using many axiomatic schemes. This paper presents a rationale for probability models based on intuitive properties of belief orderings and the effect of evidence on beliefs. Qualitative probability, which imposes stringent constraints on belief representation schemes, is derived from four simple assumptions about beliefs and evidence. Properties shown to be sufficient for the adoption of probability proper by Cox (1978) are derived here from qualitative probability and a principle of plausible reasoning advanced by Polya (1954). Models based on complete orderings of beliefs extend easily to motivate set-valued representations of partial orderings as well.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00044.x
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  • 200
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF A PROLOG-BASED VERIFIER FOR SYSTOLIC ARRAY DESIGNS (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In this paper, we present VSTA, our Prolog-based verifier, for formal specification and verification of systolic architectures. VSTA allows users to design systolic array architectures in the STA specification language (STA was developed earlier by Ling for formal description and reasoning of systolic designs) and semi-automatically verifies these designs The implementation of VSTA is based on a standard Prolog system. Its interface uses Motif system calls based on the X11 and UNIX environments. VSTA provides facilities to assist the user in the design of systolic array specifications. The system allows a formal proof to be derived interactively with suggestions from the user. The proof techniques used are mathematical induction and rewriting. The induction technique is adopted to exploit the regularity and locality nature of systolic array architectures. A number of verification tactics are developed and their operational rules are used in the verifier. Using the powerful symbolic computation ability of Prolog, particularly pattern matching, automatic backtracking, and depth-first searching, the verifier performs efficiently in the construction of proofs. We also describe the strategies we used in proving a matrix multiplication systolic array and an LU decomposition systolic array.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1995.tb00027.x
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