ALBERT

Anmerkung: Contents: Preface. - Tritium in Antarctic precipitation - information on global distribution / D. Hebert. - On the physical geography of the Schirmacher Oasis (East Antarctica, Dronning Maud Land) / W. Richter. - Investigation of Deuterium concentration relations between atmospheric water vapour and precipitations in the Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica / P. Kowski. - Isotope-hydrological and hydrochemical characterization of lakes in the Schirmacher Oasis (East Antarctica) / W. Richter, U. Wand, G. Strauch, P. Kowski, W. Kurze. - Isotope-hydrological and hydrochemical studies of the interior Antarctic lake "Untersee" in the Wohlthat Massif, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / W.-D. Hermichen, M. Crelle, P. Kowski, W. Kurze, U. Wand. - The isotope-glaciological situation in the surroundings of the Schirmacher Oasis/Dronning Maud Land - a first overview / W.-D. Hermichen, P. Kowski, G. Strauch. - Radiocarbon dating of breeding places of petrels in the Antarctic / A. Hiller, U. Wand. - K - Ar dating of basalt dykes in the Schirmacher Oasis, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / G. Kaiser, U. Wand.

Anmerkung: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research in the Federal Republic of Germany. - Introduction. - Stations. - I. Record of Activities (past and ongoing), April 83-October 84. - II. Planned Activities, October 84-October 85. - References.

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Background Scope of study Literature review Introduction Incipient formation of frazil ice Particle size and evolution of frazil ice Influences of turbulence and water temperature on the rate of frazil ice formation Conclusions Analytical model Introduction Elements of heat transfer Elements of turbulence Experimentation Experimental apparatus Experimental procedure Results Introduction Nucleation of frazil ice Influences of turbulence on frazil ice formation Water temperature Influences of water temperature and turbulence on the concentration of frazil ice Frazil ice particle shape and size Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Preliminary frazil ice experiments Flume experiments Couette-flow Appendix B: Listing of computer program for calculation of frazil ice formation Appendix C: Water temperature rise attributable to frazil ice formation as computed usingthe analytical model .

Anmerkung: Contents Abstract Preface Introduction Background Materials Sample preparation Nuclear magnetic resonance Specific surface area Electrical conductivity Results and discussion Summary Literature cited Appendix A: Unfrozen water content vs temperature data for Lanzhou silt

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Chapter 1. Introduction Location Purpose of study Previous work Chapter 2. Methodology Geology Overland erosion Wave erosion Frost penetration and heave Thaw failure Bank recession Ground water Soil moisture Chapter 3. Results Geology Geotechnical properties Overland erosion Wave erosion Freeze-thaw phenomena Ground water fluctuations Other slope failures Chapter 4. Discussion Overland erosion Wave erosion Thaw failure Universal soil loss equation Chapter 5. Summary and conclusions Techniques Erosion processes at Orwell lake Bank recession Literature cited Appendix A1: Average cumulative change of surface at erosion stations #2-12, 1980-81 Appendix A2: Cumulative net changes at overland erosion stations #1-12, 1980-81 Appendix A3: Cumulative net changes at overland erosion stations #1 -12, 198 1-82 Appendix A4: Cumulative average erosion at overland erosion stations #1-12, 1980-81 Appendix AS: Cumulative average erosion at overland erosion stations #1-12, 1981-82 Appendix A6: Cumulative average erosion at overland erosion stations #1 -1 2A, 1982 Appendix B: Dimensions of erosion sections, Orwell Lake, Minnesota Appendix C: Piezometer installation data, Orwell Lake, Minneso

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Dielectric properties of sea ice Time-domain spectroscopy measurement Laboratory measurements Field measurements Analysis of ladder data Conductivity of brine and sea ice Complex dielectric constant of brine and sea ice Discussion and conclusions Literature cited

Anmerkung: COTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Model characteristics and test conditions Ice-hull coefficient of friction Measurements of ice properties Experimental procedures Data acquisition system Test program and procedures for 1:10 model Test program and procedures for 1:24 model Analysis of test results Comparison of test results between 1:10 and 1:24 models Analysis of tests in broken or brash-filled ice channels Analysis of tests in level ice Full-scale prediction of level ice resistance Conclusions Literature cited

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Experiments Test flume facility Experimental apparatus Experimental procedure Results Plastic versus freshwater ice Shoreline forces Boom forces Average shear stress under ice cover Internal forces Discussion Data scatter Summary and conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Experimental results

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Test material and test specimens Test material Required dimensions for test specimens Acquisition and preparation of specimens Field core sampling Specimen preparation in the laboratory Application of forces and displacements to uniaxial specimens Compression Tension Squareness imperfections Loading devices Universal testing machine Gas actuator for constant load Weight-and-pulley system for constant tension Equipment for triaxial tests Measurement of force and displacement Force Displacement Readouts and recorders Literature cited Appendix A: Phenolic-resin end caps Appendix B: Compliant platens Appendix C: Theoretical factor for converting overall strain to gauge-length strain indumbbell specimens Appci dix D: Items developed but not used in Phase I Appendix E: Use of the Brazil test

Anmerkung: Contents Recent research developments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:xi-xii, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.01 --- A. H. F. Robertson and J. E. Dixon: Introduction: aspects of the geological evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:1-74, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.02 --- 1. Palaeotethys --- Editor’s introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:75-76, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.03 --- A. M. C. Şengör, Y. Yılmaz, and O. Sungurlu: Tectonics of the Mediterranean Cimmerides: nature and evolution of the western termination of Palaeo-Tethys / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:77-112, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.04 --- Olivier Monod and Ergün Akay: Evidence for a Late Triassic-Early Jurassic orogenic event in the Taurides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:113-122, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.05 --- I. E. Kerey: Facies and tectonic setting of the Upper Carboniferous rocks of Northwestern Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:123-128, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.06 --- E. Demirtaşh: Stratigraphic evidence of Variscan and early Alpine tectonics in Southern Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:129-145, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.07 --- 2. Neoththys --- Levant and North African offshore: Editor’s introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:147-149, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.08 --- M. Delaune-Mayere: Evolution of a Mesozoic passive continental margin: Baër-Bassit (NW Syria) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:151-159, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.09 --- G. Sestini: Tectonic and sedimentary history of the NE African margin (Egypt—Libya) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:161-175, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.10 --- Gdaliahu Gvirtzman and Tuvia Weissbrod: The Hercynian Geanticline of Helez and the Late Palaeozoic history of the Levant / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:177-186, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.11 --- Z. Garfunkel and B. Derin: Permian-early Mesozoic tectonism and continental margin formation in Israel and its implications for the history of the Eastern Mediterranean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:187-201, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.12 --- Yehezkeel Druckman: Evidence for Early-Middle Triassic faulting and possible rifting from the Helez Deep Borehole in the coastal plain of Israel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:203-212, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.13 --- Abdulkader M. Abed: Emergence of Wadi Mujib (Central Jordan) during Lower Cenomanian time and its regional tectonic implications / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:213-216, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.14 --- F. Hirsch: The Arabian sub-plate during the Mesozoic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:217-223, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.15 --- Michel Delaloye and Jean-Jacques Wagner: Ophiolites and volcanic activity near the western edge of the Arabian plate / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:225-233, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.16 --- 3. Neotethys: Turkey --- Editor’s introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:235-240, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.17 --- A. Poisson: The extension of the Ionian trough into southwestern Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:241-249, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.18 --- A. H. F. Robertson and N. H. Woodcock: The SW segment of the Antalya Complex, Turkey as a Mesozoic-Tertiary Tethyan continental margin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:251-271, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.19 --- J. W. F. Waldron: Structural history of the Antalya Complex in the ‘Isparta angle’, Southwest Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:273-286, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.20 --- A. B. Hayward: Miocene clastic sedimentation related to the emplacement of the Lycian Nappes and the Antalya Complex, S.W. Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:287-300, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.21 --- Hubert Whitechurch, Thierry Juteau, and Raymond Montigny: Role of the Eastern Mediterranean ophiolites (Turkey, Syria, Cyprus) in the history of the Neo-Tethys / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:301-317, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.22 --- Ingrid Reuber: Mylonitic ductile shear zones within tectonites and cumulates as evidence for an oceanic transform fault in the Antalya ophiolite, S.W. Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:319-334, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.23 --- Pınar O. Yılmaz: Fossil and K-Ar data for the age of the Antalya complex, S W Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:335-347, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.24 --- L. E. Ricou, J. Marcoux, and H. Whitechurch: The Mesozoic organization of the Taurides: one or several ocean basins? / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:349-359, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.25 --- A. Michard, H. Whitechurch, L. E. Ricou, R. Montigny, and E. Yazgan: Tauric subduction (Malatya-Elazıǧ provinces) and its bearing on tectonics of the Tethyan realm in Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:361-373, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.26 --- G. Aktaş and A. H. F. Robertson: The Maden Complex, SE Turkey: evolution of a Neotethyan active margin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:375-402, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.27 --- Cahit Helvaci and William L. Griffin: Rb-Sr geochronology of the Bitlis Massif, Avnik (Bingöl) area, S.E. Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:403-413, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.28 --- Ömer T. Akıncı: The Eastern Pontide volcano-sedimentary belt and associated massive sulphide deposits / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:415-428, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.29 --- A. I. Okay and N. Özgül: HP/LT metamorphism and the structure of the Alanya Massif, Southern Turkey: an allochthonous composite tectonic sheet / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:429-439, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.30 --- Teoman N. Norman: The role of the Ankara Melange in the development of Anatolia (Turkey) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:441-447, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.31 --- Ayla Tankut: Basic and ultrabasic rocks from the Ankara Melange, Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:449-454, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.32 --- A. I. Okay: Distribution and characteristics of the north-west Turkish blueschists / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:455-466, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.33 --- N. Görür, F.Y. Oktay, İ. Seymen, and A. M. C. Şengör: Palaeotectonic evolution of the Tuzgölü basin complex, Central Turkey: sedimentary record of a Neo-Tethyan closure / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:467-482, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.34 --- J. P. Lauer: Geodynamic evolution of Turkey and Cyprus based on palaeomagnetic data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:483-491, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.35 --- 4. Neotethys: Greece and the Balkans --- Editor’s introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:493-498, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.36 --- Robert Hall, M. G. Audley-Charles, and D. J. Carter: The significance of Crete for the evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:499-516, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.37 --- Michel Bonneau: Correlation of the Hellenide nappes in the south-east Aegean and their tectonic reconstruction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 17:517-527, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.38 --- M. Okrusch, P. Richter

Anmerkung: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Observations Discussion Literature cited Appendix A: Site location maps

Anmerkung: Contents Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Test objectives Experimental setup and procedures Facilities Test fixture Data acquisiton system Ice sheets Measurement of ice properties Daily test summary Experimental results and discussion Observations Ice force records Frequency of ice force variations Discussion Maximum crushing forces Mean effective pressure or specific energy of ice in crushing Failure energy of ice Ratio of maximum force to mean force Summary and conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Data for continuous crushing tests

Anmerkung: Kartenbeilage (Figure 1 : 1 of 12) unter dem Titel: Geophysical correlation between the geological zonation of Newfoundland and the British Isles : The geological zonation of Newfoundland and the British Isles and its offshore extension as defined geophysically (see text) /by R. T. Haworth and R. D. Jacobi , Kartenbeilage (Figure 2 : 2 of 12) unter dem Titel: Geophysical correlation between the geological zonation of Newfoundland and the British Isles : Compilation of magnetic anomaly data for the Canadian, British, Irish and French continental margins /by R. T. Haworth and R. D. Jacobi , Kartenbeilage (Figure 3 : 3 of 12) unter dem Titel: Geophysical correlation between the geological zonation of Newfoundland and the British Isles : Compilation of gravity anomaly data for the Canadian, British, Irish and French continental margins /by R. T. Haworth and R. D. Jacobi , Kartenbeilage (Figure 3 : 4 of 12) unter dem Titel: Crustal geometry of the Appalachian Orogen from seismic reflection studies : COCORP New England traverse Parts I and II /by Clifford J. Ando, Frederick A. Cook, Jack E. Oliver, Larry D. Brown, and Sidney Kaufman , Kartenbeilage (Figure 5 : 4 of 12) unter dem Titel: Crustal geometry of the Appalachian Orogen from seismic reflection studies : Québec seismic traverse 2001 /by Clifford J. Ando, Frederick A. Cook, Jack E. Oliver, Larry D. Brown, and Sidney Kaufman , Kartenbeilage (Figure 7 : 5 of 12) unter dem Titel: Crustal geometry of the Appalachian Orogen from seismic reflection studies : COCORP southern Appalachian traverse Part I /by Clifford J. Ando, Frederick A. Cook, Jack E. Oliver, Larry D. Brown, and Sidney Kaufman , Kartenbeilage (Figure 2 : 6 of 12) unter dem Titel: A deep structural profile across the Appalachians of southern Quebec : Geological map along the seismic line : compiled by P. St.-Julien and A. Slivitsky from maps by Clark and Globensky (1973), Muller (unpubl.), St--Julien (unpubl.), and Kelly (1975) /by Pierre St.-Julien, Anne Slivitsky, and Tomas Feininger , Kartenbeilage (Figure 3 : 6 of 12) unter dem Titel: A deep structural profile across the Appalachians of southern Quebec : Structural profile across the southwestern part of the Quebec Appalachians : Interpretation by P. St.-Julien, A. Slivitsky, and B. Granger, modified from an unpublished geophysical interpretation by SOQUIP /by Pierre St.-Julien, Anne Slivitsky, and Tomas Feininger , Kartenbeilage (Figure 4 : 7 of 12) unter dem Titel: A deep structural profile across the Appalachians of southern Quebec : Palinspastic section of the Cambrian-Ordovician units along the seismic line (modified from St-Julien and Hubert, 1975) /by Pierre St.-Julien, Anne Slivitsky, and Tomas Feininger , Kartenbeilage (Figure 5 : 7 of 12) unter dem Titel: A deep structural profile across the Appalachians of southern Quebec : Seismic profile 2001 (Quebec Department of Engery and Resources, DP665) /by Pierre St.-Julien, Anne Slivitsky, and Tomas Feininger , Kartenbeilage (Figure 1 : 8 of 12) unter dem Titel: Geologic interpretation of geophysical maps of the pre-cretaceous "basement" beneath the coastal plain of the southeastern United States : Aeromagnetic map of part of the southeastern Unites States (from Zietz and Gilbert, 1980) 〈1: 2000000〉 /by Michael W. Higgins and Isidore Zietz , Kartenbeilage (Figure 2 : 9 of 12) unter dem Titel: Geologic interpretation of geophysical maps of the pre-cretaceous "basement" beneath the coastal plain of the southeastern United States : Bouguer gravity map of part of the southeastern United States 〈1: 2000000〉 : compiled by David Daniels (personal communication) /by Michael W. Higgins and Isidore Zietz , Kartenbeilage (Figure 3 : 10 of 12) unter dem Titel: Geologic interpretation of geophysical maps of the pre-cretaceous "basement" beneath the coastal plain of the southeastern United States : Magnetic terranes of part of the southeastern United States 〈1: 2000000〉 /by Michael W. Higgins and Isidore Zietz , Kartenbeilage (Plate 1 : 11 of 12) unter dem Titel: An interpretation of the geology of the Mauritanides orogenic belt (West Africa) in the light of geophysical data : Geological map of the western margin of the West African craton (modified after Lécorché, 1980) /by J. P. Lécorché, J. Roussel, J. Sougy, and Z. Guetat , Kartenbeilage (Plate 2 : 12 of 12) unter dem Titel: An interpretation of the geology of the Mauritanides orogenic belt (West Africa) in the light of geophysical data : Bouguer gravity anomaly map (contour interval 5 mgal) of the western margin of the West African craton, also showing the principal geological subdivisions /by J. P. Lécorché, J. Roussel, J. Sougy, and Z. Guetat , Introduction (Robert D. Hatcher, Jr., Harold Williams, and Isidore Zietz) A new geophysical criterion to correlate the Acadian and Hercynian orogenies of western Europe and eastern Ameria (Jean-Pierre Lefort) A plate-tectonics model for the Paleozoic assembly of Pangea based on paleomagnetic data (Rob Van der Voo) Geophysical correlation between the geological zonation of Newfoundland and the British Isles (R. T. Haworth and R. D. Jacobi) Appalachian suspect terrones (Harold Williams and Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) Exotic terranes in the New England Appalachians—limits, candidates, and ages: A speculative essay (E-an Zen) Crustal geometry of the Appalchian orogenfrom seismic reflection studies (Clifford J. Ando, Frederick A. Cook, Jack E. Oliver, Larry D. Brown, and Sidney Kaufman) A deep structural prof He across the Appalachians of southern Quebec (Pierre St.-Julien, Anne Slivitsky, and Thomas Feininger) Tectonic significance of paired gravity anomalies in the southern and central Appalachians (M. D. Thomas) Geologic interpretation of geophysical maps of the pre-Cretaceous "basement" beneath the Coastal Plain of the Southeastern United States (Michael W. Higgins and Isidore Zietz) An interpretation of the geology of the Mauritanides orogenic belt (West Africa) in the light of geophysical data (J. P. Lécorché, J. Roussel, J. Sougy, and Z. Guetat) Tectonic significance of similarities in the evolution of the Alabama-Pennsylvania Appalachians and the Alberta-British Columbia Canadian Cordillera (Raymond A. Price and Robert D. Hatcher, Jr.) The distribution of layer parallel shortening fabrics in the Appalachian foreland of New York and Pennsylvania: Evidence for two non-coaxial phases of the Alleghanian orogeny (Peter Geiser and Terry Engelder) Role of basement warps and faults in localizing thrust fault ramps (David Wiltschko and Daniel Eastman) Detachment, shear, and compression in the central Alps (H. P. Laubscher) Cover and basement: A contrast in style and fabrics (P. A. Rathbone, M. P. Coward, and A. L. Harris)

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Problem formulation Analytical treatment Application to the upper St. Lawrence River Summary Literature cited Appendix A: Basic program for St. Lawrence River freeze-up forecast

Anmerkung: Contents: Abstract Preface Introduction Objectives Analytical techniques Procedures for growing urea ice sheets Analysis of the crystalline structure of urea ice Characteristics of urea ice Results and discussion Ice sheet no. 1 Ice sheet no. 2 Ice sheet no. 3 Ice sheet no. 4 Ice sheet no. 5 Ice sheet no. 6 Ice sheet no. 7 Ice sheet no. 8 Ice sheet no. 9 Ice sheet no. 10 Ice sheet no. 11 Ice sheet no. 12 Ice sheet no. 13 Ice sheet no. 14 Ice sheet no. 15 Ice sheet no. 16 Ice sheet no. 17 Ice sheet no. 18 Ice sheet no. 19 Ice sheet no. 20 Ice sheet no. 21 Ice sheet no. 22 Ice sheet no. 23 Ice sheet no. 24 Urea concentrations in test tank solution and ice Discussion and conclusions E/σf ratio Thickness of incubation layer Crystal properties Literature cited Appendix A: Thin sections of urea ice sheets

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Methods and instrumentation Results Drift tracks Pressure data Temperature data Discussion Conclusions Literature cited

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Field Sampling Site selection and description Ice sampling procedures Shipping and storage of ice samples Testing Techniques Multi-year Pressure Ridge Tests Ice description Sampling scheme and test variables Uniaxial compressive strength Residual compressive strength Failure strains Initial tangent modulus Statistical Variations in Ice Strength Differences in strength above and below level ice Sources of the variation in strength Shape of the strength histograms Multi-year Floe Ice Tests Ice description Uniaxial compressive strength Constant-load compression tests Constant-strain-rate tension tests Triaxial tests Conclusions Literature Cited Appendix A: Structural profile of a multi-year pressure ridge core Appendix B: Ridge uniaxial compression test data Appendix C: Structural profile of the continuous multi-year floe core Appendix D: Multi-year floe test data

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction St. Marys River Ice problems Remedial measures Field studies Highlights, trends, and major findings Modifications to boom Maximum forces Ship traffic Characteristics Effect of boom forces Effect on ice Conclusion Literature cited Appendix A: Ice boom forces

Anmerkung: Contents Abstract Preface Introduction Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Taxonomic terms Appendix B: Differences in species composition and abundance in duplicate samples examined under optical and inverted light microscopes Appendix C: Morphologic descriptions and SEM micrographs

Anmerkung: Introduction Climatic changes as possible consequences of human activities Impact study Case study: the impacts of a CO₂-induced climatic change on the agricultural sector of the European Communities Case study: the impacts of a CO₂-induced climatic change on water availability in the European Communities Case study: the impacts of a CO₂-induced climatic change on the energy sector of the European Communities Case study: the economic consequences of a change in climate on agriculture.

Anmerkung: Introduction Trip 1. A Streetcar to Subduction Trip 2. To Fort Mason and Subducted Sandstone Trip 3. Baker's Beach and Fort Point: A Trip to Melange and Serpentine Trip 4. A Sedentary Survey of the Structure of the City (With Side Trips Afoot) Trip 5. Marin Headlands: Pillow Basalt and Chert Trip 6. A Boat Trip to the Blueschist Facies: Angel Island and the Metamorphosed Francisan Trip 7. After Subduction Is Over: A BART Trip to a Transform Fault Appendix Glossary Selected Bibliography

Anmerkung: INTRODUCTION WHY SEM ANALYSIS? FORMAT SAMPLE PREPARATION HOW THE SEM WORKS THE SEM MICROGRAPH ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS BY SEM EDX ANALYSIS OF MINERALS SILICATES Silica Quartz Cristobalite (Opal-CT) Opal (Opal-A) Feldspars Potassium Feldspar Resorbed Potassium Feldspar Plagioclase Feldspar with K-Feldspar Overgrowths Resorbed Plagioclase Feldspar Clays Chlorite Illite Kaolinite Halloysite Smectite Nontronite Hectorite Illite-smectite Corrensite Glauconite Rectorite Palygorskite Vermiculite Zeolites Analcime Chabazite Clinoptilolite Erionite Heulandite Laumontite Mordenite Phillipsite Thomsonite Yugawaralite Micas Biotite Muscovite Phlogopite Amphiboles Hornblende Actinolite Riebeckite Pyroxenes Augite Hypersthene Others Talc Chrysotile Sphene CARBONATES Calcite Dolomite Ferroan Dolomite/Ankerite Siderite Chalk PHOSPHATES Apatite Collophane Florencite HALIDES Halite SULFIDES Pyrite Sphalerite SULFATES Gypsum Anhydrite Copiapite Melanterite Barite OXIDES Hematite and Goethite Rutile Magnetite llmenite MISCELLANEOUS Wood ENERGY TABLE OF CHARACTERISTIC X-RAY TRANSITIONS GLOSSARY REFERENCES

Anmerkung: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature General background The problem Method of solution Results and discussion Conclusions Literature cited Appendix: Evaluation of rn's in equation 25

Anmerkung: Mainland Europe --- K. Weber: Variscan events: early Palaeozoic continental rift metamorphism and late Palaeozoic crustal shortening / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:3-22, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.02 --- R. Meissner, M. Springer, and E. Flüh: Tectonics of the Variscides in North-Western Germany based on seismic reflection measurements / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:23-32, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.03 --- Wolfgang Franke: Late events in the tectonic history of the Saxothuringian zone / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:33-45, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.04 --- J. P. Burg, Ph. Matte, A. Leyreloup, and J. Marchand: Inverted metamorphic zonation and large-scale thrusting in the Variscan Belt: an example in the French Massif Central / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:47-61, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.05 --- Jean-Michel Quenardel and Patrick Rolin: Palaeozoic evolution of the Plateau d’Aigurande (NW Massif Central, France) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:63-70, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.06 --- S. C. Matthews: Northern margins of the Variscides in the North Atlantic region: comments on the tectonic context of the problem / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:71-85, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.07 --- Britain --- M. P. Coward and S. Smallwood: An interpretation of the Variscan tectonics of SW Britain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:89-102, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.08 --- B. E. Leveridge, M. T. Holder, and G. A. Day: Thrust nappe tectonics in the Devonian of south Cornwall and the western English Channel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:103-112, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.09 --- T. J. Chapman, R. L. Fry, and P. T. Heavey: A structural cross-section through SW Devon / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:113-118, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.10 --- J. W. F. Edwards: Interpretations of seismic and gravity surveys over the eastern part of the Cornubian platform / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:119-124, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.11 --- Robert M. Shackleton: Thin-skinned tectonics, basement control and the Variscan front / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:125-129, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.12 --- Russell S. Arthurton: The Ribblesdale fold belt, NW England—a Dinantian-early Namurian dextral shear zone / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:131-138, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.13 --- M. F. Critchley: Variscan tectonics of the Alston block, northern England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:139-146, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.14 --- Ireland --- David J. Sanderson: Structural variation across the northern margin of the Variscides in NW Europe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:149-165, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.15 --- M. A. Cooper, D. Collins, M. Ford, F. X. Murphy, and P. M. Trayner: Structural style, shortening estimates and the thrust front of the Irish Variscides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:167-175, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.16 --- M. D. Max and J. P. Lefort: Does the Variscan front in Ireland follow a dextral shear zone? / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:177-183, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.17 --- D. W. Coller: Variscan structures in the Upper Palaeozoic rocks of west central Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:185-194, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.18 --- North America --- N. Rast: The Alleghenian orogeny in eastern North America / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:197-217, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.19 --- Jean-Pierre Lefort and Richard T. Haworth: Geophysical evidence for the extension of the Variscan front on to the Canadian continental margin: geodynamic and palaeogeographic consequences / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:219-231, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.20 --- Sharon Mosher and Nicholas Rast: The deformation and metamorphism of Carboniferous rocks in Maritime Canada and New England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:233-243, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.21 --- R. P. Wintsch and J.-P. Lefort: A clockwise rotation of Variscan strain orientation in SE New England and regional implications / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:245-251, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.22 --- J. A. Brewer: Clues to the deep structure of the European Variscides from crustal seismic profiling in North America / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 14:253-263, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.014.01.23

Anmerkung: Table of Contents: FOREWORD. - CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION. - 1.1. Definitions. - 1.2. Practical Scope. - a. The Water Budget. - b. The Energy Budget. - 1.3. Global Climatology. - 1.4. The Transfer of Other Admixtures at the Earth-Atmosphere Interface. - CHAPTER 2. HISTORY OF THE THEORIES OF EVAPORATION - A CHRONOLOGICAL SKETCH. - 2.1. Greek Antiquity. - 2.2. The Roman Period and the Middle Ages. - 2.3. The Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Initial Measurements and Experimentation. - 2.4. Foundations of Present Theories in the Nineteenth Century. - CHAPTER 3. THE LOWER ATMOSPHERE. - 3.1. Moist Air. - a. Some Parameter Definitions. - b. Useful Forms of the First Law of Thermodynamics. - c. Saturation Vapor Pressure. - 3.2. Hydrostatic Stability of Partly Saturated Atmosphere. - a. Small Adiabatic Displacements. - b. Potential Temperature. - 3.3. Atmospheric Transport of Water Vapor. - a. Conservation of Water Vapor. - b. Other Conservation Equations. - c. Solution of the Transport Equations . - 3.4. The Atmospheric Boundary Layer. - CHAPTER 4. MEAN PROFILES AND SIMILARITY IN A STATIONARY AND HORIZONTALLY UNIFORM ABL. - 4.1. The Dynamic Sublayer. - a. The Logarithmic Profile. - b. The Power Law Approximation. - 4.2. The Surface Sublayer. - a. The Mean Profiles. - b. Some Flux-Profile Functions. - 4.3. Bulk Parameterization of the Whole ABL. - a. Similarity for the Mean Profiles in the Outer Sublayer. - b. Bulk Transfer Equations for the ABL. - 4.4. The Interfacial Sublayers. - a. Similarity for the Mean Profiles. - b. Interfacial Bulk Transfer Equations for Scalar Admixtures. - c. Smooth Surfaces: The Viscous Sublayer. - d. Surfaces with Bluff Roughness Elements. - e. Surfaces with Permeable Roughnesses: The Canopy Sublayer. - CHAPTER 5. THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS PARAMETERIZATION. - 5.1. The Momentum Roughness. - a. Land Surfaces. - b. Water Surfaces. - 5.2. The Scalar Roughness. - a. Calculation from Interfacial Transfer Coefficients. - b. Values Over Water. - CHAPTER 6. ENERGY FLUXES AT THE EARTH'S SURFACE. - 6.1. Net Radiation. - a. Global Short Wave Radiation. - b. Albedo. - c. Long-Wave or Terrestrial Radiation. - 6.2. Energy Absorption by Photosynthesis. - 6.3. Energy Flux at Lower Boundary of the Layer. - a. Land Surfaces. - b. Whole Water Bodies. - c. Water Surfaces. - 6.4. Remaining Terms. - a. Energy Advection. - b. Rate of Change of Energy Stored in the Layer. - CHAPTER 7. ADVECTION EFFECTS NEAR CHANGES IN SURFACE CONDITIONS. - 7.1. The Internal Boundary Layer. - a. Equations for the Mean Field. - b. Methods of Closure for Disturbed Boundary Layers: A Brief Survey. - c. Some General Features of Local Momentum Advection. Fetch Requirement. - 7.2. Evaporation with Local Advection. - a. Analytical Solutions with Power Laws. - b. Numerical Studies. - CHAPTER 8. METHODS BASED ON TURBULENCE MEASUREMENTS. - 8.1. Direct or Eddy-Correlation Method. - a. Instruments. - b. Requirements on Instrumentation. - 8.2. The Dissipation Method. - a. The Direct Variance Dissipation Method. - b. The Inertial Dissipation (or Spectral Density) Method. - CHAPTER 9. METHODS BASED ON MEASUREMENTS OF MEAN PROFILES. - 9.1. Mean Profile Method With Similarity Formulations. - a. Measurements in the Surface Sublayer. - b. Measurements in the Dynamic Sublayer. - c. Upper-Air Measurements: The ABL Profile Method. - 9.2. Bulk Transfer Approach. - a. Over a Uniform Surface. - b. Evaporation From Lakes. - 9.3. Sampling Times. - CHAPTER 10. ENERGY BUDGET AND RELATED METHODS. - 10.1. Standard Application. - a. With Bowen Ratio (EBBR). - b. With Profiles of Mean Wind and of One Scalar (EBWSP). - 10.2. Simplified Methods for Wet Surfaces. - a. Some Comments on Potential Evaporation. - b. The EBWSP Method With Measurements at One Level. - c. Advection-Free Evaporation from Wet Surfaces. - 10.3. Simplified Methods for Actual Evapotranspiration. - a. Adjustment of Penman's Approach With Bulk Stomatal Resistance. - b. Complementary Relationships between Actual and Potential Evaporation. - c. Extensions of Equilibrium Evaporation Concept. - CHAPTER 11. MASS BUDGET METHODS. - 11.1 Terrestrial Water Budget a. Soil Water Depletion and Seepage. - b. River Basins and Other Hydrological Catchments. - c. Lakes and Open-water Reservoirs. - d. Water Budget-Related Instruments; Evaporimeters. - 11.2. Atmospheric Water Budget a. Concept and Formulation b. Application of the Method . - HISTORICAL REFERENCES (PRIOR TO 1900). - REFERENCES. - INDEX.

Anmerkung: Table of Contents: Winifred Tutin - a personal note / John W. G. Lund. - 1 Chemical stratigraphy of lake sediments as a record of environmental change / D. R. Engstrom and H. E. Wright. - 2 Organic geochemistry of lacustrine sediments: triterpenoids of higher-plant origin reflecting post-glacial vegetational succession / P. A. Cranwell. - 3 Empirical testing of 210Pb-dating models for lake sediments / F. Oldfield. - 4 The transfer of natural and artificial radionuclides to Brotherswater from its catchment / J. D. Eakins ... - 5 A global review of palaeomagnetic results from wet lake sediments / R. Thompson. - 6 Stratigraphic changes in algal remains (diatoms and chrysophytes) in the recent sediments of Blelham Tarn, English Lake District / Elizabeth Y. Haworth. - 7 The preservation of algal remains in recent lake sediments / David Livingstone. - 8 Stress, strain, and stability of lacustrine ecosystems / Edward S. Deevey, Jr. - 9 Pollen recruitment to the sediments of an enclosed lake in Shropshire, England / Anne P. Bonny and Peter V. Allen. - 10 Sediment focusing and pollen influx / Margaret Bryan Davis ... - 11 Stages in soil development reconstructed by evidence from hypha fragments, pollen and humus contents in soil profiles / Svend T. Andersen. - 12 Pollen diagrams from Cross Fell and their implication for former tree-lines / Judith Turner. - 13 The Holocene vegetation of the Burren, western Ireland / W. A. Watts. - 14 Late-Quaternary pollen and plant macrofossil stratigraphy at Lochan an Druim, north-west Scotland / Hilary H. Birks. - Index.

Anmerkung: In kyrillischer Schrift , Zusammenfassungen in englischer Sprache , Inhaltsverzeichnis in englischer Sprache

Anmerkung: Chapter 1. Classification and Structures of the Micas by S. W. Bailey, p. 1 - 12 Chapter 2. Crystal Chemistry of the True Micas by S. W. Bailey, p. 13 - 60 Chapter 3. The Brittle Micas by Stephen Guggenheim, p. 61 - 104 Chapter 4. Electrostatic Energy Models of Micas by R. F. Giese, Jr., p. 105 - 144 Chapter 5. Spectroscopy of Micas by George R. Rossman. p. 145 - 182 Chapter 6. Optical Properties of Mica Under the Polarizing Microscope by Ray E. Wilcox, p. 183 - 200 Chapter 7. Experimental Phase Relations of the Micas by David A. Hewitt and David R. Wones, p. 201 - 256 Chapter 8. Paragenesis, Crystallochemical Characteristics, and Geochemical Evolution of Micas in Granitic Pegmatites by Petr Cerny and Donald M. Burt, p. 257 - 298 Chapter 9. Micas in Igneous Rocks by J. Alexander Speer, p. 299 - 356 Chapter 10. Micas in Metamorphic Rocks by Charles V. Guidotti, p. 257 - 468 Chapter 11. F-OH and Cl-OH Exchange in Micas with Applications to Hydrothermal Ore Deposits by James L. Munoz, p. 469 - 494 Chapter 12. Illite by Jan Sordori and Dennis D. Eberl, p. 495 - 544 Chapter 13. Glauconite and Celadonite Minerals by I. Edgar Odom, p. 545 - 572 Appendix: X-Ray Power Patterns of Micas p. 573 - 584