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  • 1
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    Manuscripta mathematica 31 (1980), S. 379-412 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We study the Volterra-Hammerstein integral equation $$U(t,x) = U_O (t,x) + \mathop \smallint \limits_O^t \mathop \smallint \limits_D f(y, U (t - s,y)) h (x,y,s)dsdy,$$ t≥0, x∈D. We derive sufficient conditions for the boundedness of all non-negative solutions U. We show that, for bounded non-negative solutions U, U(t,.) is positive on D for sufficiently large t〉0, if we impose appropriate positivity assumptions on f and h. If we additionally assume that, for y∈D, rf(y,r) strictly monotone increases and f(y,r)/r strictly monotone decreases as r〉0 increases, the following alternative holds for any bounded non-negative solution U: Either U(t,.) converges toward zero for t→∞, pointwise on D, or U(t,.) converges, for t→∞, toward the unique bounded positive solution of the corresponding Hammerstein integral equation, uniformly on D. We indicate conditions for the occurrence of each of the two cases.
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  • 2
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    Manuscripta mathematica 32 (1980), S. 51-57 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let BM(p) be a geodesic ball in a Riemannian manifold with radius $$M〈 \frac{\pi }{{2\sqrt K }}$$ , where κ is an upper bound of the sectional curvature. The cut locus condition on BM(p) occuring in several theorems on harmonic mappings which map into BM(p) can be weakened by proving uniqueness of geodesics contained in BM(p).
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  • 3
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    Manuscripta mathematica 32 (1980), S. 59-80 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let t: X→Y be a proper morphism of non-singular irreducible affine curves over ℌ. This paper shows that there is seldom a holomorphic function f such that (t,f): X → Y × ℌ is a holomorphic embedding.
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  • 4
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    Manuscripta mathematica 32 (1980), S. 263-294 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this note, we present a general automatic continuity theory for linear mappings between certain topological vector spaces. The theory applies, in particular, to local operators between spaces of functions and distributions, to algebraic homomorphisms between certain topological algebras, and to linear mappings intertwining generalized scalar operators.
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  • 5
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    Manuscripta mathematica 42 (1983), S. 49-52 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For a topological space X, the Lusternik-Schnirelmann category, cat(X), is the smallest number N such that X can be covered by N open subsets each of which is contractible in X. W. Singhof [6] proved that the minimal number of n-balls which suffice to cover a closed PL n-manifold M coincides with the Lusternik-Schnirelmann category if the latter is not too small compared with the dimension of M. As a consequence, one obtains in this case that cat(M×1)=cat(M)+1, thus establishing a special case of a long-standing conjecture. The purpose of this paper is to give a quick proof of Singhof 's results by exploiting the linear structure between the k-skeleton of a polyhedron and its dual skeleton.
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  • 6
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    Manuscripta mathematica 42 (1983), S. 285-288 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Bounds for the second and third smallestprime k-th power nonresidues of odd primes p have been given by Alfred Brauer, Clifton Whyburn, and L. K. Hua. Bounds for the n-th prime residue, n≥4, do not appear in the literature and it would be difficult to obtain bounds as sharp as p1/4 if n is large and k is small. In this note we use the character sum estimates of D. A. Burgess to show that there are on the order of log p/log log pprime k-th power nonresidues less than p1/4 +∈ for every ∈〉0 and sufficiently large p.
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  • 7
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    Manuscripta mathematica 42 (1983), S. 265-272 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The article presents a result about the trace form of Jordan triple systems and as application the classification of the pseudo-umbilical symmetric submanifolds of hyperbolic space.
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  • 8
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    Manuscripta mathematica 38 (1982), S. 87-98 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We prove that the algebraic dimension of the linear span of sums of a subseries convergent series in a Hausdorff topological linear space is either finite or equals 2ℵ°. This result is applied to represent every infinite-dimensional metrizable linear spaee of cardinality 2ℵ° as the direct sum of a sequence of dense subspaces with a strange summability property. Moreover, we show that every infinite-dimensional separable metrizable linear space admits an m-quasi-basis which is not a quasi-basis.
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  • 9
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    Manuscripta mathematica 38 (1982), S. 201-223 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The set of k-Weierstraß-points (k≥3) belonging to the universal family π2∶V2→T2 of compact Riemann surfaces of genus 2 consists of the set of 1-Weierstraß-points, being devided into six submanifolds of V2, and of a further analytic subset, which covers the Teichmüller space T2 relative to the restriction π* of π2 but does not contain a global sheet. The aim of this paper is the investigation of those 3-Weierstraß-points that are not 1-Weierstraß-points, i. e. the investigation of the covering π*.
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  • 10
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    Manuscripta mathematica 38 (1982), S. 289-323 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Basic properties of probabilistic topologies associated with L-fuzzy uniformities are studied, e.g. regularity, uniform continuity and 1-completeness. The main result is the existence and uniqueness of the probabilistic completion of L-fuzzy uniform spaces. Moreover with respect to the applicability of this theory we also give concrete representations of the probabilistic completion of compact as well as of Polish spaces.
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  • 11
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 119-123 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A pseudoconvex demain with real —analytic smooth boundary on a complex manifold is constructed which cannot be exhausted by pseudoconvex domains.
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  • 12
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 125-146 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We determine the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues in ′ t Hoofts eigenvalue problem in two-dimensional quantum chromodynamics. We formulate the problem as an eigenvalue problem for a singular pseudodifferential operator and use systematically its basic invariance properties.
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  • 13
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 147-153 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let X be a completely regular Hausdorff space and let E be a real locally convex Hausdorff space. Katsaras [2] has studied the topologies β0, β, and β1, for the vector-valued case on Crc(X,E), the space of all continuous E-valued functions on X with relatively compact range. The corresponding dual spaces are the spaces Mt (B,E'), Mτ (B,E'), and M (B,E') of all t-additive, all τ-additive, and all σ-additive members of M(B,E'), the dual space of Crc (X,E') under the uniform topology. In this paper we study the subspace Me(B,E') of M(B,E'). A locally convex topology βe is defined on Crc(X,E) that yields Me (B,E') as a dual space. It is proved that if E is strongly Mackey then (C (X,E),βe) is strongly Mackey.
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  • 14
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 155-172 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract An existence and uniqueness result is proved for a variational inequality of evolution. The problem consists of a nonlinear parabolic/elliptic differential equation for which Dirichlet, Neuman and Signorini boundary conditions are posed. The existence is obtained using a regularization process, while uniqueness is based on L1-contractiveness of the solution semigroup.
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  • 15
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 253-262 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For curve singularities which can be deformed into complete intersections the vector space dimension of T1 is estimated. Thus in the case that T2 is trivial we prove a formula of Deligne on the dimension of smoothing components with purely local methods.
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  • 16
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 263-270 
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  • 17
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 339-357 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract It is known that for every finite subgroup G of SL(2,ℂ), the invariant subring ℂ[X,Y]G is a hyper-surface. In this note we treat finite subgroups of SL(3,ℂ) and give complete classification of the finite subgroups of SL(3,ℂ) whose invariant subrings are complete intersections.
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  • 18
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 91-108 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The paper studies the existence of non-tangential limit for solutions of the Dirichlet problem with L2-boundary data. We also prove the mutual absolute continuity of the associated harmonic measure and the Lebesgue surface measure.
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  • 19
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 205-216 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between harmonic maps from R2 to S2, H2, ST,1, S1,1(−1) and the ± sinh — Laplace, ± sine — Laplace equation is found respectively. Existence theorems of some boundary value problems for the above harmonic maps are obtained. In the cases of H2, S1,1(+1), S1,1(−1) the results are global.
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  • 20
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 245-253 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Positive definite integral quadratic forms having no automorphism of determinant -1 are considered. We give sufficient conditions for a form to be of this kind, and we construct infinite families of indecomposable even unimodular forms which satisfy our conditions. By taking orthogonal sums, examples are obtained in all dimensions n≡0 (mod 8), n≧24. After E. Freitag this implies that the field of modular functions for Sp2n (ℤ), n as above, is not rational.
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  • 21
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 73-83 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We show that the solutions u∈K of $$\mathop \smallint \limits_\Omega \nabla u\nabla (u - v)dx \leqq 0forallv\varepsilon K$$ where are of class Co,α (Ω) or Co,α (Ω), if the obstacles have this property. The same fact is true for systems of variational inequalities with constant coefficients, when there are no obstacles.
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  • 22
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 45-72 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A “Hodge” theorem is proved for a non-linear system of equations which are not uniformly elliptic. The solutions are p-forms which minimize a non-regular energy functional over cohomology classes. The theorem is proved by regularizing the functional and proving weak L2 existence. To obtain regularity, we first show that a scalar function of the solution is a subsolution of an elliptic equation from which it follows that the solution is bounded. Hölder continuity is then proved by comparison with a solution of a simpler system known to be Hölder continuous. The solution of the non-regular problem is then obtained from the Shiffman regularization.
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  • 23
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 85-86 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let G be a compact abelian group. It is known that the second conjugate space L1**(G) of the group algebra L1(G) is a noneommutative, nonsemisimple, Banach algebra. It is not known if L1**(G) admits an involution. If it does, we show that it is P-coimnutative, and hence enjoys many of the properties of commutative Banach algebras.
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  • 24
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 107-129 
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  • 25
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 167-190 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let Г be a given equisingularity class of irreducible algebroid plane curves with just one characteristic exponent. We first obtain the equisingularity type of the general polar of a curve of Г with general moduli and we also determine the Newton-Cramer polygon of the general polar of all curves in Г.
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  • 26
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    Manuscripta mathematica 31 (1980), S. 331-361 
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  • 27
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    Manuscripta mathematica 31 (1980), S. 297-316 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Generalizing results of Cohn-Vossen and Gromoll, Meyer for Riemannian manifolds and Hawking and Penrose for Lorentzian manifolds, we use Morse index theory techniques to show that if the integral of the Ricci curvature of the tangent vector field of a complete geodesic in a Riemannian manifold or of a complete nonspacelike geodesic in a Lorentzian manifold is positive, then the geodesic contains a pair of conjugate points. Applications are given to geodesic incompleteness theorems for Lorentzian manifolds, the end structure of complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds, and the geodesic flow of compact Riemannian manifolds.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 31 (1980), S. 413-424 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We extend the Sullivan-De Rham-equivalence to certain over-homotopy theories and deduce the arithmeticity of the corresponding groups of fibre homotopy equivalence classes under suitable assumptions.
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  • 29
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    Manuscripta mathematica 31 (1980), S. 25-95 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let k be a field. To any pair (x,y) ≠ (0,0) of elements in tk[[t]], and hence to any irreducible and residually rational power series f ∈ k[[X,Y]], we associate a matrix, the Hamburger-Noether tableau of (x,y), which, in essence, is a description of the algorithm used to compute an element of minimal order in the integral closure of k[[x,y]] by successive quadratic transformations. Our main aim then is to reprove basic results of Abhyankar and Moh on approximate roots of polynomials and their use in the study of branches of plane curves, and to extend these results to certain situations over fields of positive characteristic where one important technical tool of Abhyankar and Moh, the Newton-Puiseux expansion of a branch, is not available.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 31 (1980), S. 111-117 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract As is well-known Schur's theorem gives a necessary and sufficient condition for a conservative matrix to sum all bounded sequences. The present paper deals with two further necessary and sufficient conditions and their applications to absolutely equivalent matrices.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 31 (1980), S. 269-283 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let M be a Riemannian manifold, ω a differentiable form on M with values in a bundle Hom (TM, ζ), and let G be an open subset of M such that Kerω forms a vector bundle ξ of constant fibre dimension k〉0 over G. We prove: If ω satisfies some analytical conditions, then ξ is completely integrable, the integral manifolds of ξ are spherically bent in M, and in some interesting cases they are complete.
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  • 32
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    Manuscripta mathematica 31 (1980), S. 285-296 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the homogeneous linear differential equation (D) $$w^{(n)} + \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {f_{n - j} } (z)w^{(n - j)} = 0$$ with coefficients fn-j holomorphic in the disc |z-ζ|〈R. If w is the solution of an initial value problem for (D) in z=ζ, then we construct a lower bound for the radius of disconjugacy of w, depending on the initial values and the first step of the central index of the Taylor's series of the fn-j about z=ζ.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 31 (1980), S. 363-378 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For summability matrices A, Macphail has introduced a condition (E′): for sequences t∈ℓ and x in the summability field of A we have t(Ax)=(tA) x, whenever (tA) x exists. He showed that, if the A-limit is the nullfunctional, the condition (E′) is equivalent to the invariance of the equation $$I = \wedge ^ \bot $$ . We prove that the condition (E′) invariance of the equation $$I = \wedge ^ \bot $$ also in the more general case of non-μ-unique matrices. Moreover, we give some partial solutions to the open question in [3] whether the invariance of $$ \wedge ^ \bot $$ implies that of I.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 32 (1980), S. 1-27 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this article the topologically exact sequences $$O \to K\mathop \to \limits^L E\mathop \to \limits^\pi Q \to O$$ of locally convex spaces are characterized for which for every locally convex space F the map id ⊗ε π : F⊗εE → F⊗ε Q is a homomorphism, or equivalently, the map id ⊗π L : F⊗πK → F⊗π E is a topological injection. This is motivated by the problem of lifting Q-valued functions with certain given properties to E-valued functions with the same or slightly weaker properties, which may also be considered as the investigation of parameter dependences of solutions of linear (differential) equations. Applications to partial differential equations and to Fredholm functions are given.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 32 (1980), S. 81-90 
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    Notes: Abstract In this note we consider a pseudospherical congruence S in an isotropic space of degree one J 3 (1) and we study a special congruence S′ which is derived from S.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 32 (1980), S. 149-189 
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    Notes: Abstract We prove existence and multiplicity results for periodic solutions of time dependent and time independent Hamiltonian equations, which are assumed to be asymptotically linear. The periodic solutions are found as critical points of a variational problem in a real Hilbert space. By means of a saddle point reduction this problem is reduced to the problem of finding critical points of a function defined on a finite dimensional subspace. The critical points are then found using generalized Morse theory and minimax arguments.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 32 (1980), S. 231-238 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper, it is shown that if the Lie algebras of linear endomorphism fields of two vector bundles E and E′ are isomorphic, then E′ is isomorphic to E⊗L for some line bundle L. Analogous results are obtained for the endomorphism fields of vector bundles equipped with some structures (Riemann structure, symplectic structure, ...).
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    Manuscripta mathematica 32 (1980), S. 303-308 
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown that the general solution of a homogeneous second-order algebraic differential equation has the form w(z)=(g1(z)/g2(z)) exp (g3(z)), where g1, g2 and g3 are entire functions of finite order.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 42 (1983), S. 67-77 
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    Manuscripta mathematica 42 (1983), S. 115-145 
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    Notes: Abstract If E is a l.m.c.*-algebra with a b.a.i., ℰ(E), ℛ(E) denote the enveloping algebra and the space of representations of E respectively, while ℬ(E) stands for the non-zero extreme points of the continuous positive linear forms on E. Thus, for suitable l.m.c.*-algebras E, F and an admissible topology on E ⊗ F, ℰ(E F) is given by the completedυ-tensor product of ⊗(E), ⊗(F) (whereυ is the projective tensorial l.m.c.C*-topology), while ℛ(E F) by the cartesian product of ℛ(E), ℛ(F). An analogous decomposition of ℬ(E F) is not valid in general.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 42 (1983), S. 161-170 
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    Notes: Abstract Using the natural equivalence relation in the set of flat Banach principal fibre bundles with group G and connected base B, we obtain a bisection between the corresponding equivalence classes and classes of similar homomorphisms of π1(B) into G.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 42 (1983), S. 245-257 
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    Notes: Abstract Einstein-Hermitian vector bundles are defined by a certain curvature condition. We prove that over a compact Kähler manifold a bundle satisfying this condition is semistable in the sense of Mumford-Takemoto and a direct sum of stable Einstein-Hermitian subbundles.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 38 (1982), S. 1-19 
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    Notes: Abstract We give an example of a primary separable simplex space with non-separable dual which is not isomorphic to C(Δ) or to the Poulsen simplex space A(Sp).
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    Manuscripta mathematica 38 (1982), S. 21-39 
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    Notes: Abstract The n-fold free loop space ΩnSnX is for connected spaces X weakly equivalent to a simpler space CnX, which has a natural filtration Finr CnX. It is well known that there is a splitting StFr(CnX) ≃V m=1 p St(Fm(CnX)¦Fm−1(CnX) inducing a stable splitting of CnX. We give a simple construction for such a splitting with comparatively low estimates for the number t of necessary suspension coordinates.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 38 (1982), S. 41-58 
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    Notes: Abstract Let C(X,E) be the vector space of all continuous functions on a completely regular Hausdorff space X with values in a locally convex space E, equipped with the compact-open topology. In this note it will be shown that for many classes of locally convex spaces K C(X,E) lies in K if and only if C(X)=C(X,¦K) (¦K=¦R or C) and E belong to K. This is valid for the classes K. of all metrizable, normed, (DF)-, η-locally topological, separable, quasi-complete, complete, nuclear, Schwartz, semi-Montel, Montel, semi-reflexive, reflexive and quasi-normable locally convex spaces, respectively. But in general C(X,E) is not quasi-barrelled, barrelled and bornological, respectively, if C(X) and E belong to the same class. We shall give sufficient conditions for C(X,E) to be quasi-barrelled and barrelled, respectively.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 42 (1983), S. 199-209 
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    Notes: Abstract We consider the Thin Obstacle Problem for minimal surfaces in two dimensions. The coincidence set for an analytic obstacle is proved to be a finite union of intervals. We show also that the topological structure of the coincidence set is generically identical to the above in the space of twice-continuously differentiable obstacles.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 42 (1983), S. 297-309 
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    Notes: Abstract P(I) denotes the abelian group of integer-valuated functions defined on the set I, Pκ (I) its subgroup consisting of all elements, which support has size less than the infinite cardinal κ and Qκ (I) the quotient P(I)/Pκ(I). We formulate a statement I(κ) in the following way: For an arbitrary set I you can lift every homomorphism from P (ℕ) to Qκ(I) to a homomorphism from P(ℕ) to P(I). Using Martin's Axiom we show, that L(ℵ) is independent of ZFC.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 38 (1982), S. 375-379 
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    Notes: Abstract The theorem, that σ-compact spaces are Lindelöf, is equivalent to the countable axiom of choice. Variants of this theorem are compared with weak versions of the axiom of choice.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 38 (1982), S. 381-386 
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    Notes: Abstract If λ→f(λ) is an analytic function from a domain D of the complex plane into a Jordan-Banach algebra we prove that λ→Sp f(λ) is an analytic multivalued function. From this derives the subharmonicity of λ→Log ρ(f(λ)), where ρ denotes the spectral radius. We apply these results to prove that a Jordan-Banach algebra A is associative if and only if the spectral radius is subadditive and submultiplicative on A and to prove that A/Rad A is isomorphic to the complex plane if and only if each element of A has only one point in its spectrum.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 38 (1982), S. 387-400 
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    Notes: Abstract The Cauchy Problem for the equation utt−Δu+|u|p−1u=0 (x∈ℝ2, t〉0, ρ〉1) is studied. Smooth Cauchy data is prescribed, and no smallness condition is imposed. For ρ〉5, it is shown that the maximum amplitude of such a wave decays at the expected rate t−1/2 as t→∞. For 1+√8〈ρ≦5, the maximum amplitude still decays, but at a slower rate. These results are then used to demonstrate the existence of the scattering operator when ρ〉ρo, where ρo is the root of the cubic equation ρ3-2ρ2-7ρ-8=0; thus ρo≅4.15.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 1-13 
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    Notes: Abstract We prove that for finite-dimensional associative algebras the finitistic global dimension in the sense of H. Bass and also the self-injective dimension are preserved under arbitrary extensions of the base field. Further, the global dimension, and as a consequence also finite representation type, are preserved under base field extensions which are separable in the sense of S. MacLane. The results are derived with the aid of ultraproduct-techniques and are applied to the model theory of finite dimensional algebras.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 31-37 
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    Notes: Abstract Using functional analytic methods, in particular the fixed point theorem of Schauder-Tychonoff, a new and short proof is given for the classical Cauchy-Kowalewsky theorem on analytic partial differential equations.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 81-97 
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 39-47 
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    Notes: Abstract Let f∶X→Z be a proper holomorphic mapping of complex spaces and zo∈Z a distinguished point. We denote by (X/Z) the germ of X along the subspace f−1(zo) over the germzo of Z at zo. A necessary condition for the existence of a versai deformation of (X/Z) is the finiteness of the dimension of the first tangenlo cohomology i.e. the space of infinitesimal deformations. Examples of this type are germs of modifications and germs of proper flat mappings. We show the existence of a versal deformation in the latter case under the above assuption.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 49-79 
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    Notes: Abstract We try to find all the elliptic curves over Q, up to isomorphism, with non-degenerate reduction at all primes except 2 or 3 primes possessing a rational point of finite order by making use of some diophantine equations.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 99-109 
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    Notes: Abstract Let l be an odd prime, and k an algebraic number field of a finite degree. Let S be a finite product of distinct prime ideals g of k such that NgΞ1 (mod l). Let I(s) (resp. P(s)) denote the group of ideals (resp. principal ideals) of k prime to S, and let PS denote the ray modulo S. In this paper we prove that the order (resp. the l-rank) of I(S)/P(S)lPS is expressed by the decomposition groups of prime factors of S in a Galois extension Ko (resp. Kr) over k. As an application of this, some results about genus theory are obtained.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 173-200 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper (closed, linear) subspaces of nuclear Köthe spaces are investigated. This has been the topic of various papers by E. Dubinsky, D. Vogt, M. Alpseymen etc. We give complete characterizations for subspaces with basis of unstable Köthe spaces of type D1, in particular unstable Lf (Drafilev) spaces of type d1, and regular subspaces of Lf spaces of infinite type without any assumptions on the defining exponent sequence. The method used depends on applying a stability theorem on embeddings of L. Schwartz [17] and the Hall-Koenig theorem [10] on selection of distinct representatives as well as some construction methods of E. Dubinsky [9].
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 277-285 
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    Notes: Abstract Let G (R) denote the number of lattice points (ξ,η)ε **Z2 in the domain B(R) bounded by the lemniscate (x2+y2)2=2R2 (x2−y2) and put P(R)=G(R)-R2(R2 being the area of B(R)). The purpose of this paper is to determine the order of magnitude of P(R) for large R by proving the asymptotic relation (3). An analogous result is given for the “eight curve” x4=R2 (x2−y2).
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 287-296 
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    Notes: Abstract Consider an incompressible fluid body (in outer space) rotating about an axis with a given angular velocity ω, and which is in equilibrium relative to the potential energy of its own gravitational field and the surface energy due to surface tension. We show that such a body possesses a plane of symmetry perpendicular to the axis of rotation such that any line parallel to the axis and meeting the body cuts it in a line segment whose center lies on the plane of symmetry. This extends an earlier result of L. Lichtenstein [4].
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    Manuscripta mathematica 39 (1982), S. 359-385 
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    Notes: Abstract In partly generalization of work of H.Hasse and J.Porusch finite Galois extensions of local and number fields with Frobeniusgroups as Galoisgroups are studied in respect to discriminant-and L-function-relations, conductors, residue class degree and ramification index.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 17-26 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper we give a characterization of the conservative matrices that sum only those divergent sequences which are not almost convergent. Such conditions are similar to those which are necessary and sufficient for a conservative matrix to sum no bounded divergent sequence (Agnew [1], Mazur-Orlicz [4], Wilansky-Zeller [6], and Zeller [7]). There are, however, some differences showing, that the results mentioned above cannot be transmitted without any restriction. Parts of this paper have been already developed by the author more detailed in [5].
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 1-15 
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    Notes: Abstract In the Sobolev space Hm(B,ℝ3), B the open unit disc in ℝ2, we consider the set Mn of all conformally parametrized surfaces of constant mean curvature H with exactly n simple interior branch points (and no others). We denote by M*n the set of all xεMn with the following properties: i) in every branch point the geometrical condition KG¦xZ¦≡O holds (KG is the Gauss curvature and xz is the complex gradient of the surface x). ii) the corresponding boundary value problem Δh+×z{2(2H2-KG)h=O,hδB=O, is uniquely solvable. We prove then, that the manifold M*=UM*n is open and dense in the set of all surfaces of constant mean curvature H and that all x εM*n are isolated and stable solutions of the Plateau problem corresponding to their boundary curves. In addition, the submanifold M*n contains exactly all surfaces x for which the space of Jacobi fields is transversal (with exception of the 3-dimensional space of conformai directions) to the tangent space TxMn.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 27-77 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we prove a-priori estimates for harmonic mappings between Riemannian manifolds which solve a Dirichlet problem. These estimates employ geometrical methods and depend only on geometric quantities, namely curvature bounds, injectivity radii, and dimensions. An essential tool is the introduction of almost linear functions on Riemannian manifolds. Furthermore, we show the existence of almost linear and harmonic coordinates on fixed (curvature controlled) balls. These coordinates possess better regularity properties than Riemannian normal coordinates.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 79-86 
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    Notes: Abstract The moduli space Xg of compact Riemann surfaces of genus g, g〉1, has a canonical antiholomorphic involution. It can easily be defined in terms of complex curves: a point in Xg represented by a curve C is mapped to the point represented by the complex conjugate ¯C of C. In other words, the moduli space has a canonical real structure (cf. Andreotti and Holm [2]). The Teichmüller space has, however, several essentially distinct real structures. The purpose of this note is to describe all real structures of the Teichmüller space T(g,n) of compact Riemann surfaces of genus g punctured at n points.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 87-89 
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    Notes: Abstract We give an example of a parabolic system having solutions which blow up in a finite time interval. This system is contrasted with a very similar system whose solutions go on for all time.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 109-133 
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    Notes: Abstract The first note gives some characterization offlat morphisms by (generalized) Hilbert functions. The second note yields a geometric description of tangential flatness, i.e. the flatness of the induced morphism in the tangent cones. The appendix contains a graded version of the local criterion of flatness as well as some consequences which are used in the main part of the paper.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 135-154 
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    Notes: Abstract We prove that if V and W are real G-modules and G is a group of odd order, then V and W are stably G-homotopy equivalent if and only if they are G-homotopy equivalent.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 155-203 
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    Notes: Abstract A number field is called a Pólya field if the module of integer valued polynomials over that field is generated by (fi) i=0 ∞ over the ring of integers, with deg(fi)=i, i=0, 1, 2,... In this paper bounds on the class numbers and on the number of ramified primes in Pólya fields are derived.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 255-275 
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    Notes: Abstract The existence and regularity result of Hildebrandt — Kaul-Widman, concerning the Dirichlet problem for harmonic mappings between Riemannian manifolds, is extended to a mixed boundary value problem.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 277-298 
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    Notes: Abstract Let A be the generator of a C0-semigroup {T(t); t⩾0} defined on a Banach lattice E. It is shown that T(t) is a lattice homomorphism for all t〉0 if and only if A satisfies 〈¦x¦, A′x′〉=〈sign q(x)Ax, x′〉 (x∈D(A), x′ ∈D(A′)) (where q: E→E” is the evaluation mapping). This equality is used to obtain a spectral decomposition for generators of positive groups.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 299-325 
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    Notes: Abstract On the basis of the topological classification of the structurally stable flows on bounded domains in the plane we will show that the Dynkin diagram of an isolated curve singularity determines the topological type of the respective gradient flow of a certain deformation of that singularity.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 40 (1982), S. 327-340 
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    Manuscripta mathematica 41 (1983), S. 1-43 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper we study the real Monge-Arapère equations: det(D2u)= f(x) in 0, u convex in 0, u=0 on ∂0, and we introduce a new method for solving these equations which enables us to show the existence of regular solutions. This method uses only p.d.e. techniques and does not use any geometrical results. Furthermore, it enables us to solve quasilinear Monge-Ampère equations.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 41 (1983), S. 45-74 
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    Notes: Abstract We give explicit equations for the calculation of Chern classes of holomorphic line bundles on a complex torus X. As easy applications we deduce properties of the Picard numbers ρ(X) of n-dimensional tori, when the complex structure changes. The tori with ρ(X)≥k form a countable union of analytic subsets in a moduli space M; furthermore the set of tori with ρ(X)=k is empty or dense in M. For n-dimensional tori one has O≤ρ(X)≤n2, but for n≥3 not all numbers 0≤k≤n2 occur as Picard numbers. We conclude our considerations with a list of examples and with some remarks about this gap phenomenon in the distribution of Picard numbers of complex tori.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 41 (1983), S. 75-107 
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    Manuscripta mathematica 41 (1983), S. 109-138 
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    Notes: Abstract We study certain C*-algebras of singular integral operators on the line related to the second order ordinary differential operators Ho=-d/dx p(x) d/dx + q(x), with smooth coefficients and domain C o ∞ (ℝ) on L2(IR). Using Gelfand theory we find the structure of such algebras and deduce Fredholm criteria for related classes of ordinary differential operators of all orders. We give a complete description of some special cases including the case where p=l and where q≥1 is an even polynomial of arbitrary even degree.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 41 (1983), S. 139-171 
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    Notes: Abstract We show that a unital n.c. (noncommutative) JB*-algebra has a faithful family of factor-representations of type I and determine the structure of n.c. JB*-factors: A n.c. JB*-factor is a commutative Jordan algebra, or flexible quadratic, or a quasi CC*-algebra.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 41 (1983), S. 217-232 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with two quite unrelated properties of toroidal groups. After some preliminary remarks in section 0, we calculate in section 1 the Dolbeault cohomology groups of a toroidal group under an additional assumption which assures that those are at least finite-dimensional. In particular, we obtain a Hodge decomposition for these special toroidal groups. In section 2, we first give a new proof of a theorem of Cousin concerning the sections of topologically trivial line bundles on toroidal groups. As an application, we then show that, in a sense to be made precise, most abelian complex Lie groups of dimension ≥2 do not have any hypersurfaces.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 41 (1983), S. 173-216 
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    Notes: Abstract Assuming properties, which are essential for division algebras, but mostly invariant to extensions of the ground field, we investigate the structure of quadratic division algebras of dimension four over an arbitrary field of characteristic not two. We relate the size of the group of automorphisms of such an algebra A to algebraic laws valid in A, characterize Lie-admissibility by means of the skew-commutative vector algebra of A and outline the possibilities of describing A by irreducible identities of degree 3. Some results of the last chapter apply to arbitrary dimensions. We show, that a simple quadratic algebra with the right (left) inverse property for invertible elements is a composition algebra. Finally we conclude, that a quadratic division algebra of dimension four with a right (left) nucleus different from the center is associative.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 1-12 
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    Notes: Abstract For a matrix A which is selfadjoint with respect to an indefinite scalar product, a description of maximal A-invariant neutral subspaces is provided. This description is motivated by the characterization of hermitian solutions of an algebraic Riccati equation.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 87-106 
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    Notes: Abstract Let G be the Galois group of a number field extension. For each primep a map ε(p)∶H2(G,{±1})→{±1} is defined. This local symbol has a global restriction: the product of ε(p) over all primes is trivial. This paper discusses how to compute ε(p) and gives an application to integer valued polynomials over certain quartic number fields.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 191-217 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper is concerned with the set of solutions of Plateau's problem for surfaces of constant mean curvature. By methods of global analysis this set is represented in an infinite dimensional fibre bundle over the set of boundary curves. Both the manifold structure and the Fredholm property of the bundle projection depend on the branch type of the surfaces under consideration.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 219-228 
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    Notes: Abstract We prove that a local homomorphism induces a flat homomorphism of the graduations with respect to the maximal ideals iff it is flat itself and the tangent cone of the fiber is just the fiber of the tangent cone mapping. More explicit, the statement we want to prove here is as follows.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 229-259 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a structure theorem for finitely generated modules over power series rings O[[T]], where O is a maximal order in a semisimple Qp-algebra of finite dimension over Qp, extending Iwasawa's structure theorem (the case O=ℤp). A particular case of such power series ring is the ring Λ[Δ], where Λ is the power series ring ℤp〚T〛 and Δ is a finite group of order prime to p. Several applications are given, including a new proof of a result of Iwasawa important for the relationship between Hecke characters and certain Galois representations for CM fields.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 43 (1983), S. 261-288 
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    Notes: Abstract Phase transition in a system of several components is studied including chemical reactions by means of an approach based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics. A non-linear constitutive relation with discontinuities across the interphase is considered. Existence of at least one weak solution is proved, using an a priori estimate based on the second principle of thermodynamics. The above formulation is compared with Fourier's and Fick's equations and transformation formulas are given.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 51-58 
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    Notes: Abstract We study the semigroup of a singular point of a plane curve with two equisingular branches and we show that this semigroup is the simplest as possible (“diagonal”) if the intersection number of the two branches is sufficiently high.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 59-70 
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    Notes: Abstract We prove that the one-sided condition λ* 〈λ does not imply a priori estimates at the boundary for weak solutions of nonlinear diagonal systems, even for two independent variables.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 71-93 
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    Notes: Abstract The classes of locally indicable groups, conservative groups andD-groups have each been defined in a different context, and have been studied for various reasons. These three classes are shown to coincide. The corresponding mod p versions of the classes are also shown to coincide, for any prime p. Applications to topology are given. In particular, new light is shed on work of Adams on a problem of Whitehead concerning asphericity in 2-complexes.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 95-102 
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    Notes: Abstract It is proved that a WCG Banach space X is isomorphic to a conjugate Banach space if and only if there exists a closed subspace V of its conjugate space X' with positive characteristic such that X possesses the following summability property with respect to V: For every bounded sequence in X there exists a regular essentially positive summability method A such that the A-means of the sequence are σ(X,V)-convergent in X. This extends a well-known theorem of Nishiura-Waterman [8] and yields an analogous characterization of quasi-reflexive spaces. Conjugate spaces of smooth Banach spaces can also be characterized by the above summability condition.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 103-108 
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    Notes: Abstract Let A be an element of prime order of GL(g,ℂ) (g⩾2). We prove that A is a representation on the space of differentials of some automorphism of a Riemann surface of genus g if and only if A satisfies the “Eichler trace formula”.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 109-130 
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    Notes: Abstract We are concerned with the following problem. Given a ring R and an epic R-field K, under what conditions can K be fully ordered? Epic R-fields can be constructed in terms of matrices over R; this makes it natural to consider matrix cones over R rather than ordinary cones of elements of K. Essentially, a matrix cone over R, associated with a given ordering of K, consists of all square matrices which either become singular or have positive Dieudonné determinant over K. We give necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of matrix cones for (i) an epic R-field to be orderable, (ii) a full order on R to be extendable to a field of fractions of R and (iii) for such an extension to be unique.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 155-185 
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    Notes: Abstract In [1], [2], Andrianov constructed a remarkable Hecke theory for Siegel's modular forms of degree two. In this article we extend some of his results to the case of vector valued Siegel's modular forms of degree two.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 131-153 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper we discuss the free boundary value problem for the pressure head u of a compressible fluid flowing through a homogeneous porous medium. This process is governed by the partial differential equation ∈∂tu-∂ x 2 u=0, where ∈ is proportional to the compressibility of the fluid. We shall show that the pressure as well as the free boundary converge to the corresponding stationary solutions when ∈ tends to zero and shall furthermore estimate the error in terms of powers of ∈. Roughly speaking in the case of water, for example, this means that if we neglect its compressibility, which indeed is very small, we can estimate the error.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 187-229 
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    Notes: Abstract It is shown that 5906 is the. least integer expressible as the sum of two rational fourth powers but not as the sum of two integer fourth powers. The relevant Diophantine equation x4+y4=D represents a curve of genus 3, and extensive arithmetic calculations are involved: in particular, class-number, units and ideal-class stucture are. computed for four particular eighth degree extension fields of the rationals. The result provides several examples of curves of genus 3, everywhere locally solvable, but with no rational points.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 231-263 
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    Notes: Abstract Some methods of the theory of uniform distribution are applied to investigate the convergence behaviour of the binomial and hypergeometric series on the boundary of their convergence circle. Some generalizations are discussed.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 265-277 
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    Notes: Abstract Uniform distribution with respect to the harmonic mean is applied to investigate the convergence behaviour of bionomial and hypergeometric series. Estimations of the discrepancy with respect to weighted means are established.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 44 (1983), S. 279-308 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper we develop a fixed point index theory for symmetric product mappings of ENR-spaces. For such mappings we show that an index can be defined which is an extension of the usual integer-valued fixed point index. Further, we show that the classical properties of the index hold in this setting: The index is additive, multiplicative and commutative, the index is preserving under homotopy, and finally, the index is equal to the Lefschetz number as defined by Maxwell [9].
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    Manuscripta mathematica 45 (1983), S. 1-12 
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    Notes: Abstract It is proved that, with a possible exception of a finite number of points, the dimension of the eigenspace of a Toeplitz operator with rational matrix symbol, does not exceed the minimum of the dimensions of the eigenspaces corresponding to nearby eigenvalues. This is derived from a more general result concerning eigenspaces of certain Toeplitz operators with matrix symbols, which depend polynomially on a parameter.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 45 (1983), S. 13-27 
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper we shall present an effective method to compute the class number and the fundamental units of a certain non-galois number field, by using elliptic units. Our method is based on Schertz's formula on elliptic units ([6]), and very similar to that used in Gras' paper ([1]). Although our arguments are restricted to one special case, similar arguments can be applied to many other cases with suitable modifications, but these become very complicated.
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    Manuscripta mathematica 45 (1983), S. 29-45 
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In [4] (Theorem 2), we solved a Monge-Ampère equation, on a compact Riemannian manifold, which isnot a priori locally invertible. In particular, one cannot expect the solution to be unique. We investigate here, the way bifurcation phenomena may occur in such a case, with some explicit computations on flat tori.
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