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  • Articles  (6)
  • J31
  • Educación
  • Sociology  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How much did immigrant “quality” decline in late nineteenth century America? (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 13 (2000), S. 509-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J15 ; J31 ; J61 ; N11 ; Key words: United States immigration history
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Early twentieth century observers argued that recent American immigrants were inferior, and in particular less skilled, than the old. I estimate wage equations for 1909 allowing for different effects by nationality and for different characteristics on arrival. I then apply the estimated wage differentials to the immigrant composition to measure the effect of changing composition on immigrant earnings. Finally I ask how immigrant earning power changed relative to that of native Americans. I conclude that immigrant “quality” in terms of earnings did decline due to shifting composition but these effects are very small compared with those reported in studies of the post-second World War period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050149
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fortunes of one's birth: Relative cohort size and the youth labor market in the United States (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 12 (1999), S. 215-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J21 ; J23 ; J31 ; Key words: Wages ; cohort size ; youth labor market
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Using two different measures of relative cohort size – one indicating the size and placement of an individual's own birth cohort, and the other, the ratio of young to prime age adults in the United States in that year – it has been possible to isolate strong effects of the population age structure on wages in the United States over the past thirty-three years. These effects have been strong enough that virtually all of the observed change in the experience premium, and a substantial proportion of the changes in the college wage premium, can be explained by the relative cohort size variables alone. Even changes in the amount of within-group variance in wages appear to be largely a function of changing age structure, and absolute wage levels have been strongly affected by these demographic changes, suggesting that population growth can have positive effects on the economy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050098
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Youth unemployment and government policy (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 12 (1999), S. 197-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J23 ; J24 ; J31 ; J32 ; J64 ; Key words: Youth unemployment ; employment ; employment subsidies ; adult unemployment ; overlapping generations models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Young people of working age tend to be particularly prone to labor market inefficiencies that keep their wages excessively high and their employment excessively low. These inefficiencies are usually magnified through unemployment benefit systems. This paper examines how these problems can be tackled through “employment vouchers,” i.e. hiring subsidies or tax breaks for the unemployed. It examines how vouchers to the young unemployed should differ from those to the adult unemployed. The employment vouchers considered here reduce unemployment and impose no cost on the government, since they are financed by the induced fall in government expenditures on unemployment benefits. Among other things, we find that young workers should receive lower vouchers as displacement of the old rises and as deadweight from providing vouchers to the old increases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050097
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Language skills and earnings among legalized aliens (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 12 (1999), S. 63-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: Key words: Immigrants ; illegal aliens ; earning ; language skills ; legalized aliens ; JEL classification: J24 ; J31 ; J61 ; J15
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper uses the data on males and females from the 1989 Legalized Population Survey (LPS), a sample of aliens granted amnesty under 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, to analyse English language proficiency and earnings. We use a model of English language proficiency that is based on economic incentives, exposure and efficiency variables that measure the costs and benefits of aquiring English language skills. Consistent with the model, in this sample of former illegal aliens, English language proficiency is greater for those with more schooling, who immigrated at a younger age, who have been in the United States longer, with a more continous stay, and who have less access to other origin language speakers where they live. Earnings are higher by about 8% for men and 17% for women who are proficient in both speaking and reading English, compared to those lacking both skills.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050091
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hebrew language usage: Determinants and effects on earnings among immigrants in Israel (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 11 (1998), S. 253-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J61 ; J24 ; J31 ; Key words: Immigrants ; language ; Israel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper uses the 1983 Census of Israel to analyze Hebrew speaking skills and the effects of Hebrew fluency on the earnings of adult male immigrants. Hebrew fluency increases with a longer duration in Israel, the presence of children in the household, marrying after immigration, living in an area in which a smaller proportion speak one‘s mother tongue, a younger age at migration, a higher level of schooling and varies by country of birth. Earnings increase monotonically with the use of Hebrew. Speaking English as a second language is associated with higher earnings, even when country of origin is held constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050068
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immigrant quality and assimilation: A review of the US literature (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 11 (1998), S. 239-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J61 ; J24 ; J31 ; Key words: US immigrant assimilation ; cohort quality ; consequences of immigration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Empirical research on US immigrants is reviewed: their productivity and assimilation; their contribution and use of public services; and their impact on native Americans. I discuss the characteristics of cohorts of immigrants that enter the United States at different times, and then quantify the assimilation of immigrants, typically in terms of economic productivity of immigrants compared with natives. Few have found quantifiable negative effects of immigrants on native wages or unemployment in local labor markets, but a more general equilibrium approach than has been empirically implemented may be needed to draw any conclusions regarding the distributional consequences of immigration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050067
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