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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 294 (1992), S. 466-478 
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 317 (1993), S. 474-484 
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-10-20
    Description: Trawl-fishing is broadly considered to be one of the most destructive anthropogenic activities toward benthic ecosystems. In this study, we examine the effects of bottom-contact fishing by otter trawls on the geochemistry and macrofauna in sandy silt sediment in an area of the Baltic Sea where clear spatial patterns in trawling activity were previously identified by acoustic mapping. We calibrated an early diagenetic model to biogeochemical data from various coring locations. Fitting measured mercury profiles allowed for the determination of the sediment mixing and burial velocity. For all sites, independent of the trawl mark density, good fits were obtained by applying the model with the same organic matter loading and parameter values, while iron fluxes scaled linearly with the burial velocity. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the fitted sulfate reduction rate, solid sulfur contents, ammonium concentration, and both the isotopic composition and concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon provided reliable constraints for the total mineralization rate, which exhibited a narrow range of variability (around ±20 % from the mean) across the sites. Also, the trawling intensity did not significantly correlate with total organic carbon contents in surficial sediment, indicating limited loss of organic matter due to trawling. The fits to the reactive iron, acid volatile sulfur, chromium(II) reducible sulfur contents, and porewater composition demonstrate that sediment burial and mixing primarily determine the redox stratification. The mixing depth did not correlate with trawling intensity and is more likely the result of bioturbation, as the analyzed macrofaunal taxonomy and density showed a high potential for sediment reworking. The extraordinarily long-lived Arctica islandica bivalve dominated the infaunal biomass, despite the expectation that trawling leads to the succession from longer-lived to shorter-lived and bigger to smaller macrofauna. Our results further suggest that a clear geochemical footprint of bottom-trawling may not develop in sediments actively reworked by tenacious macrofauna.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-10-20
    Description: Application of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage with High Temperatures (HT-ATES) ranging from 60–90 is a promising technique to store large amounts of energy in urban areas. However, these areas typically lack information on hydrogeological and thermal parameters of the subsurface to determine the potential for energy storage. Moreover, conventional exploration methods as pumping tests do not account for the variation in density caused by the high temperature gradients or changes in salinity as encountered in HT-ATES operation. The objective of this study is therefore to develop best practices for characterizing the hydrogeological and thermal properties of groundwater wells and their surrounding formation that determine the potential performance of HT-ATES-systems. In addition to conventional pumping tests, a set of Push–Pull tracer Tests (PPTs) with cold and hot water are proposed and scrutinized using Berlin as case study. There, the research well Gt BChb 1/2015, which is characterized by a reservoir temperature of 17 at a depth between 220 und 230 m below ground surface was tested. In 2017, seven Slug-Withdrawal Tests (SWTs), a Step-Rate-Test (SRT), a production tests, and two Push–Pull tracer Tests (PPTs) with hot and cold water were performed during a period of 40 days. These tests were accompanied by Distributed-Temperature-Sensing (DTS) monitoring. The temperature measurements provide indications of injection areas based on the warmback period during a PPT with 81 hot water. The determined aquifer transmissibility , the related Productivity Index (), and maximum flow rates of about indicate that the aquifer has potential for HT-ATES. However, the PPT and the DTS monitoring revealed cross flow between the target aquifer and an overlying aquifer. Thus, a new well with a design avoiding cross flow is required to utilize the aquifer’s energy storage potential. A set of best practices for characterizing HT-ATES potential was derived from the experiences in this study.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-10-11
    Description: At the geothermal research platform Gross Schönebeck (NE German Basin), we analysed 3-D seismic reflection data to determine the degree and direction of azimuthal velocity anisotropy which is interpreted as the effect of sub-vertical fracturing. Above the Zechstein salt, the observed anisotropy roughly correlates to fault structures formed by an upwelling salt pillow. Below the salt, faults are not obvious and the direction of less pronounced anisotropy and interpreted fracturing follows the trend of the regional stress field. The fracturing in an extensional setting above salt pillows may cause higher permeability and better conditions for geothermal exploitation.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-08-15
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA) has been identified as one of the major climate-change related threats, mainly due to its significant impacts on marine calcifiers. Among those are the calcareous green algae of the genus Halimeda that are known to be major carbonate producers in shallow tropical and subtropical seas. Hence, any negative OA impacts on these organisms may translate into significant declines in regional and global carbonate production. In this study, we compiled the available information regarding Halimeda spp. responses to OA (experimental, in situ), with special focus on the calcification responses, one of the most studied response parameters in this group. Furthermore, among the compiled studies (n = 31), we selected those reporting quantitative data of OA effects on algal net calcification in an attempt to identify potential general patterns of species- and/or regional-specific OA responses and hence, impacts on carbonate production. While obtaining general patterns was largely hampered by the often scarce number of studies on individual species and/or regions, the currently available information indicates species-specific susceptibility to OA, seemingly unrelated to evolutionary lineages (and associated differences in morphology), that is often accompanied by differences in a species� response across different regions. Thus, for projections of future declines in Halimeda-associated carbonate production, we used available regional reports of species-specific carbonate production in conjunction with experimental OA responses for the respective species and regions. Based on the available information, declines can be expected worldwide, though some regions harbouring more sensitive species might be more impacted than others.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Publication Date: 2023-01-03
    Description: Dataset: Upper-pelagic particle numbers from imagery in the Sargasso Sea and in the Gulf of Trieste
    Description: This dataset represents Log10-particle numbers per volume versus log10-particle size bins at various threshold levels of the image analysis program taken between 4 and 7-meter depth in the Sargasso Sea and the Gulf of Trieste on July 18, 2021. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/884596
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-2128438
    Keywords: particle numbers ; shadowgraph imaging ; aquatic gels
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-01-03
    Description: Dataset: Carbonate chemistry
    Description: Carbonate chemistry data collected as part of a study of the "Community context and pCO2 impact the transcriptome of the "helper" bacterium Alteromonas in co-culture with picocyanobacteria" (Barreto Filho et al., 2022). The following results abstract describes these data along with related datasets which can be accessed from the "Related Datasets" section of this page. Many microbial photoautotrophs depend on heterotrophic bacteria for accomplishing essential functions. Environmental changes, however, could alter or eliminate such interactions. We investigated the effects of changing pCO2 on gene expression in co-cultures of 3 strains of picocyanobacteria (Synechococcus strains CC9311 and WH8102 and Prochlorococcus strain MIT9312) paired with the ‘helper’ bacterium Alteromonas macleodii EZ55. Co-culture with cyanobacteria resulted in a much higher number of up- and down-regulated genes in EZ55 than pCO2 by itself. Pathway analysis revealed significantly different expression of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, stress response, and chemotaxis, with different patterns of up- or down-regulation in co-culture with different cyanobacterial strains. Gene expression patterns of organic and inorganic nutrient transporter and catabolism genes in EZ55 suggested resources available in the culture media were altered under elevated (800 ppm) pCO2 conditions. Altogether, changing expression patterns were consistent with the possibility that the composition of cyanobacterial excretions changed under the two pCO2 regimes, causing extensive ecophysiological changes in both members of the co-cultures. Additionally, significant downregulation of oxidative stress genes inMIT9312/EZ55 cocultures at 800 ppm pCO2 were consistent with a link between the predicted reduced availability of photorespiratory byproducts (i.e., glycolate/2PG) under this condition and observed reductions in internal oxidative stress loads for EZ55, providing a possible explanation for the previously observed lack of “help” provided by EZ55 to MIT9312 under elevated pCO2. The data stored in this archive permit the recalculation of the pH measurements shown in Table 1 of the results publication Barreto Filho et al. (2022). For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/883120
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851085
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: Dataset: Results of risk-addition experiment (juvenile oyster condition index)
    Description: The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a foundation species in northeast Florida estuaries, including the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), where intertidal reefs are extensive. Estuarine research to assess the sustainability of oyster populations, plus various monitoring studies and oyster reef restoration projects have been undertaken, with an additional focus on testing theory regarding the effects of predation risk in the natural environment. As part of a study that manipulatively “pressed” risk cues onto oyster prey, a field experiment was conducted on oyster reefs in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida) from June to November 2012. Three sites within the southern areas of the GTM NERR (south of Matanzas inlet) were used in the experiment: Summer Island North (SIN), Marine Land (ML), and Pellicer Flats (PF). The SIN site occurred closest to the inlet (farthest from freshwater input), the PF site occurred farthest from the inlet and closest to freshwater input, while the ML site occurs between the inlet and the freshwater input. Oyster survival, growth, and recruitment were checked monthly. At the midpoint and conclusion of the experiment, individual oysters were also destructively sampled to quantify differences in oyster traits (shell versus tissue mass) as a function of experimental treatment and location. This submission concerns the traits of juvenile oysters approximately one month after the initiation of the experiment. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/885817
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1736943, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1820540
    Keywords: Predation risk ; Comparative experimental approach ; phenotype ; nonconsumptive effect
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: Dataset: Results of risk-addition experiment (adult oyster survival)
    Description: The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a foundation species in northeast Florida estuaries, including the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), where intertidal reefs are extensive. Estuarine research to assess sustainability and oyster population, plus various monitoring studies and oyster reef restoration projects have been undertaken, with an additional focus on testing theory regarding the effects of predation risk in the natural environment. As part of a study that manipulatively “pressed” risk cues onto oyster prey, a field experiment was conducted on oyster reefs in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida) from June to November 2012. Three areas within the southern areas of the GTM NERR (south of Matanzas inlet) were used in the experiment: Summer Island North (SIN), Marine Land (ML) and Pellicer Flats (PF). The SIN site occurred closest to the inlet (farthest from freshwater input), the PF site occurred farthest from inlet and closest to freshwater input, while the ML site occurs between the inlet and the freshwater input. Oyster survival, growth and recruitment were checked monthly. At the mid point and conclusion of the experiment, individual oysters were also destructively sampled to quantify differences in oyster traits (shell versus tissue mass) as a function of experimental treatment and location. This submission concerns the survival of adult oysters. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/884130
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1736943, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1820540
    Keywords: Eastern oyster ; phenotype ; traits ; fitness ; Predation risk ; nonconsumptive effect
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: Dataset: Results of risk-addition experiment (juvenile oyster growth)
    Description: The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a foundation species in northeast Florida estuaries, including the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), where intertidal reefs are extensive. Estuarine research to assess sustainability and oyster population, plus various monitoring studies and oyster reef restoration projects have been undertaken, with an additional focus on testing theory regarding the effects of predation risk in the natural environment. As part of a study that manipulatively “pressed” risk cues onto oyster prey, a field experiment was conducted on oyster reefs in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida) from June to November 2012. Three areas within the southern areas of the GTM NERR (south of Matanzas inlet) were used in the experiment: Summer Island North (SIN), Marine Land (ML) and Pellicer Flats (PF). The SIN site occurred closest to the inlet (farthest from freshwater input), the PF site occurred farthest from inlet and closest to freshwater input, while the ML site occurs between the inlet and the freshwater input. Oyster survival, growth and recruitment were checked monthly. At the mid point and conclusion of the experiment, individual oysters were also destructively sampled to quantify differences in oyster traits (shell versus tissue mass) as a function of experimental treatment and location. This submission concerns the growth of juvenile oysters. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/885493
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1736943, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1820540
    Keywords: Growth increment ; Predation risk ; environmental gradients ; nonconsumptive effect
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: Dataset: Results of risk-addition experiment (juvenile oyster survival)
    Description: The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a foundation species in northeast Florida estuaries, including the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), where intertidal reefs are extensive. Estuarine research to assess sustainability and oyster population, plus various monitoring studies and oyster reef restoration projects have been undertaken, with an additional focus on testing theory regarding the effects of predation risk in the natural environment. As part of a study that manipulatively “pressed” risk cues onto oyster prey, a field experiment was conducted on oyster reefs in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida) from June to November 2012. Three areas within the southern areas of the GTM NERR (south of Matanzas inlet) were used in the experiment: Summer Island North (SIN), Marine Land (ML), and Pellicer Flats (PF). The SIN site occurred closest to the inlet (farthest from freshwater input), the PF site occurred farthest from the inlet and closest to freshwater input, and the ML site occurs between the inlet and the freshwater input. Oyster survival, growth, and recruitment were checked monthly. At the midpoint and conclusion of the experiment, individual oysters were also destructively sampled to quantify differences in oyster traits (shell versus tissue mass) as a function of experimental treatment and location. This submission concerns the survival of juvenile oysters. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/885259
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1736943, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1820540
    Keywords: Predation risk ; nonconsumptive effect ; vital rate
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: Dataset: Results of risk-addition experiment (oyster recruitment)
    Description: The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a foundation species in northeast Florida estuaries, including the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), where intertidal reefs are extensive. Estuarine research to assess sustainability of oyster populations, plus various monitoring studies and oyster reef restoration projects have been undertaken, with an additional focus on testing theory regarding the effects of predation risk in the natural environment. As part of a study that manipulatively “pressed” risk cues onto oyster prey, a field experiment was conducted on oyster reefs in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida) from June to November 2012. Three areas within the southern areas of the GTM NERR (south of Matanzas inlet) were used in the experiment: Summer Island North (SIN), Marine Land (ML) and Pellicer Flats (PF). The SIN site occurred closest to the inlet (farthest from freshwater input), the PF site occurred farthest from inlet and closest to freshwater input, while the ML site occurs between the inlet and the freshwater input. Oyster survival, growth and recruitment were checked monthly. At the mid point and conclusion of the experiment, individual oysters were also destructively sampled to quantify differences in oyster traits (shell versus tissue mass) as a function of experimental treatment and location. This submission concerns the recruitment of larval oysters to the experimental treatments. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/885720
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1736943, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1820540
    Keywords: Predation risk ; larval recruitment ; nonconsumptive effect
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: Dataset: Results of risk-addition experiment (adult oyster condition index)
    Description: The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a foundation species in northeast Florida estuaries, including the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), where intertidal reefs are extensive. Estuarine research to assess sustainability and oyster population, plus various monitoring studies and oyster reef restoration projects have been undertaken, with an additional focus on testing theory regarding the effects of predation risk in the natural environment. As part of a study that manipulatively “pressed” risk cues onto oyster prey, a field experiment was conducted on oyster reefs in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida) from June to November 2012. Three areas within the southern areas of the GTM NERR (south of Matanzas inlet) were used in the experiment: Summer Island North (SIN), Marine Land (ML) and Pellicer Flats (PF). The SIN site occurred closest to the inlet (farthest from freshwater input), the PF site occurred farthest from inlet and closest to freshwater input, while the ML site occurs between the inlet and the freshwater input. Oyster survival, growth and recruitment were checked monthly. At the mid point and conclusion of the experiment, individual oysters were also destructively sampled to quantify differences in oyster traits (shell versus tissue mass) as a function of experimental treatment and location. This submission concerns the condition index of adult oysters. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/885078
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1736943, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1820540
    Keywords: Oyster ; phenotype ; Predation risk ; fitness ; nonconsumptive effect
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: Dataset: Results of risk-addition experiment (adult oyster growth)
    Description: The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a foundation species in northeast Florida estuaries, including the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), where intertidal reefs are extensive. Estuarine research to assess sustainability and oyster population, plus various monitoring studies and oyster reef restoration projects have been undertaken, with an additional focus on testing theory regarding the effects of predation risk in the natural environment. As part of a study that manipulatively “pressed” risk cues onto oyster prey, a field experiment was conducted on oyster reefs in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida) from June to November 2012. Three areas within the southern areas of the GTM NERR (south of Matanzas inlet) were used in the experiment: Summer Island North (SIN), Marine Land (ML) and Pellicer Flats (PF). The SIN site occurred closest to the inlet (farthest from freshwater input), the PF site occurred farthest from inlet and closest to freshwater input, while the ML site occurs between the inlet and the freshwater input. Oyster survival, growth and recruitment were checked monthly. At the mid point and conclusion of the experiment, individual oysters were also destructively sampled to quantify differences in oyster traits (shell versus tissue mass) as a function of experimental treatment and location. This submission concerns the growth of adult oysters. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/884362
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1736943, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1820540
    Keywords: growth ; Predation risk ; nonconsumptive effect
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2023-05-02
    Description: The estimations of the diffusive methane flux from the water phase into the atmosphere in coastal waters is relevant for a better estimate of the atmospheric greenhouse-gas budget. Unfortunately, so far, the numerical determination of the fluxes has a high level of uncertainty in coastal waters. To improve the estimation of coastal methane fluxes, not only a high temporal and spatial sampling resolution of the dissolved methane in the water are required. Besides, also the atmospheric methane concentration and the wind speed and wind direction above the surface is important. In most cases, these atmospheric data are obtained from near-by atmospheric and meteorologic monitoring stations. In this study, we measured wind speed, direction and atmospheric methane local directly on board of three research vessel cruising in the southern North Sea within the MOSES project and compared the effects of local versus remote measurements of these data on the flux data. In addition, using the wind direction and speed, we try to assess the origin of the atmospheric methane measured in the study area. Using these “improved” data sets, we discuss if local measurements of auxiliary data provide better insights in the determining factors of the methane flux, and thus also improve the regional aquatic methane budget.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2023-05-02
    Description: Nutrient and carbon dynamics within the river-estuary-coastal water systems are key processes to understand the matter fluxes from the terrestrial environment to the ocean. In a large-scale study we analysed those dynamics with the focus of the prevailing low water conditions by following a sampling approach based on the travel time of water. We started with a nearly Lagrangian sampling along the River Elbe (German part; 580 km within 8 days travel time). After a subsequent investigation of the estuary, the plume of the river was followed by raster sampling the German Bight (North Sea) using three ships simultaneously. In the river, intensive growth of phytoplankton was determined connected with high oxygen saturation and pH values as well as under-saturation of CO2, whereas concentrations of dissolved nutrients declined. In the estuary, the Elbe shifted from an autotrophic to a heterotrophic system: Phytoplankton died off upstream of the salinity gradient causing minima in oxygen saturation and pH, supersaturation of CO2, and a release of nutrients. In the coastal region, phytoplankton and nutrient concentrations were low, oxygen close to saturation, and pH in a typical marine range. We detected a positive relationship between pH values and oxygen saturation and a negative one between pCO2 and oxygen saturation. Corresponding to the significant particulate nutrient flux via phytoplankton, flux rates of dissolved nutrients from the river into the estuary were low and determined by depleted concentrations. In contrast, fluxes from the estuary to the coastal waters were higher and the pattern was determined by tidal currents. Overall, the presented observation approach is appropriate to better understand land-ocean fluxes, particularly if it is performed under different hydrological conditions including extremes and seems to be suitable to investigate the impact of such events in freshwater on coastal systems in future. The study was conducted within the frame of the Helmholtz MOSES initiative (Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems) targeting processes and impacts of hydrological extremes.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2023-05-02
    Description: DNA sequencing shows that species of the genera Notorotalia, Porosorotalia and Buccella form a distinct branch (Notorotaliidae) of Rotaloidea, and cluster as sister to Elphidiidae. In this review we report on the sequencing of three species of Buccella (from the Arctic Ocean, Patagonia and Chile) and one each of Notorotalia (New Zealand) and Porosorotalia (Chile). This information has been combined with all the morphological descriptive information on species of these genera plus the genera Cristatavultus and Parrellina to provide a global synthesis of living species of the Notorotaliidae. We recognize 11 species of the southern hemisphere genus Notorotalia, which has a centre of diversity around New Zealand (8 species). A second southern-hemisphere-restricted genus, restricted to eastern Australia is Parrellina (3 species) although specimens (possibly introduced) have been recorded from the Mediterranean Sea. Cristatavultus has a single species, with a tropical west Pacific distribution.We synonymize Cribrorotalia under Porosorotalia, which has a disjunct distribution with one species in the northwest Pacific and a second around the southern parts of South America. Buccella is the most diverse and widespread genus (16 species recognized) with its greatest abundance in the Arctic Ocean and around subantarctic-temperate South America. Five species of Buccella live in a belt along the west coast of central America, from USAto Peru, with some spillage into the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. Two new species of Buccella are recognized: B. dejardini (from South Georgia) and Buccella n. sp. A (from Chile).
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2023-05-01
    Description: The potential effects of bucket dredging on the fisheries resources in the Delaware River was assessed by evaluating the results of nine water quality monitoring studies conducted ·summer of 1992. The assessment was accomplished first by conducting analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine if water quality conditions downstream of the dredge site were significantly different from upstream reference locations during the weeks of dredging. A second analysis included a literature review that identified critical levels of dissolved oxygen and turbidity from both a biological and regulatory perspective. Based on the critical values of turbidity and dissolved oxygen, the percentage of measurements that exceeded critical levels during dredging was evaluated. Analysis of variance tests indicated that only two of the nine studies resulted in significantly higher turbidity downstream of the dredging operations and the increase was about 15 nephelometric units (NTUs) over control turbidity (15 NTUs). Significant differences in dissolved oxygen were detected by the ANOVA, but mean downstream DO wa_s actually higher than the upstream reference location by about 0. 1 mg/I. A literature review suggested that concentrations of suspended solids can reach · thousands of milligrams per liter before an acute toxic reaction is expected in fish and that dissolved oxygen concentrations above 4 mg/I is required by striped bass. Based on the literature review and Delaware River Basin Commission's water quality standards, protective critical levels of 150 NTUs for turbidity and 4 mg/I for DO were ~elected. In more than 10,500 measurements, turbidity values greater than the critical level of 150 NTUs occurred only 13 times, and 7 of these observations occurred downstream of the Hog Island dredging operation. Over ninety-nine percent of dissolved oxygen measurements taken in downstream areas during dredging were above 4 mg/I and the percentage of observations below this critical level was not statistically different between the upstream reference and the downstream monitoring locations. Analysis of these data suggest that the bucket dredging carried out in 1992 did not result in adverse, biologically meaningful changes in DO or turbidity in the Delaware River
    Description: Delaware Basin Fish and Wildlife Management Cooperative
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Non Refereed
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 31pp
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2023-05-02
    Description: 22 years are left until the German target for climate neutrality should be reached. For the industrial sector, this implies a fundamental change and an acceleration of emission reduction, as from 2000 to 2021 the sector has reduced its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by only 13% (ERK, 2022). For the large structures, plants and assets that are characteristic for the energy intensive industrial sectors, the timespan implies no room for delay. One sector facing particular challenges is the chemical industry. Here, fossil resources are used not only for energetic purposes but for feedstock as well, in the petrochemical industry in particular. The efforts made in the petrochemical sector thereby not only affects the sectors own emissions, but the chemicals value chain at large, including the management of end-of-life products. The dependency on energetic resources for material use also means that there is a particular connection from the chemical industry to the energy system at large, which also entails special consideration. The chemical industry also has a particular relevance to the Antwerp-Rotterdam-Rhine-Ruhr-Area (ARRRA) which hosts several large petrochemical clusters in Germany as well as the Netherlands and Belgium, with complexly interlinked production chains. In reaching the climate targets, these regions especially face significant changes and may have the opportunity to position themselves as frontrunners for industrial transformation. That is, if a successful strategy can be found. In the recent years, numerous scenario analyses and roadmaps have been released drawing out pathways for chemical industries to develop in line with national and international climate targets. This can entail mapping of technological options, important prerequisites, particular challenges as well as important opportunities and timeframes. This meta-analysis summarizes and compares the findings of some of the most recent previous works at the national, European and global level. As the goal is to investigate the various strategic options and development paths for Germany and the ARRRA, it has a particular focus on roadmaps for Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium. It takes a quantitative as well as qualitative approach, looking both at resource and production volumes, different emission reduction strategies relative importance, as well as policy recommendations and other important framework conditions. A particular focus is put on the use of non-fossil feedstocks to reduce emissions.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2023-05-02
    Description: Die chemische Industrie ist auch für die Antwerpen-Rotterdam-Rhein-Ruhr-Region (engl. Antwerp-Rotterdam-Rhine-Ruhr-Area, kurz ARRRA) von besonderer Bedeutung, die mehrere große petrochemische Cluster in Deutschland, den Niederlanden und Belgien mit komplex vernetzten Produktionsketten beherbergt. Bei der Umsetzung der Klimaziele stehen diese Regionen vor bedeutenden Veränderungen und haben zugleich die Chance, sich als Vorreiter der Industrietransformation zu positionieren. Dafür müssen erfolgreiche Strategien für den Wandel identifiziert und angewendet werden. In den letzten Jahren wurden zahlreiche Szenarioanalysen und Roadmaps veröffentlicht, in denen Entwicklungspfade für die chemische Industrie im Einklang mit nationalen und internationalen Klimazielen aufgezeigt werden. Diese können eine Darstellung von technologischen Optionen, wichtigen Voraussetzungen, besonderen Herausforderungen sowie bedeutsamen Chancen und zeitlichen Entwicklungen beinhalten. Die vorliegende Metaanalyse fasst die Ergebnisse einige der aktuellsten Arbeiten auf nationaler, europäischer und globaler Ebene zusammen und vergleicht diese kritisch miteinander. Da das Kernziel der vorliegenden Analyse darin besteht, die verschiedenen strategischen Optionen und Entwicklungspfade für Deutschland und die ARRRA zu untersuchen, liegt der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit auf Publikationen mit Fokus Deutschland, den Niederlanden und Belgien. Dabei wird sowohl ein quantitativer als auch ein qualitativer Ansatz verfolgt, der die Ressourcen- und Produktionsmengen, die relative Bedeutung verschiedener Emissionsminderungsstrategien sowie auch politische Empfehlungen und andere wichtige Rahmenbedingungen berücksichtigt. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf Strategien für den Einsatz alternativer nicht-fossiler Feedstocks und die Minderung damit verbundener Emissionen.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2023-05-04
    Description: Mass aggregations of brown algae Cystoseira and seagrass Zostera (eelgrass), which are formed along the wrack line during storms and natural exfoliation, can be considered one of the underexploited primary resources of the Azov and Black Sea Fishery Basin. As a rule, the process of their aggregation falls on the summer - autumn season, which coincides with the high season, leading to people's discomfort during their recreation time. Therefore, the issue of the prospective utilization of algae storm debris, its harvesting and primary processing can be deemed quite vital. The investigated macrophytes, washed ashore during storms or seasonally, are the source of valuable materials; Zostera provides zosterin and fiber, and Cystoseira is rich in alginic acid, iodine and selenium. This article considers proven methods of algae processing for nutritional purposes, obtaining dietary supplements and cosmetic products, in paper manufacturing, and the use of macrophytes as fertilizers and animal fodder. The methods of primary processing, entailing the best possible preservation of quality of the investigated algae and involving the processes of drying, freezing and chemical treatment, are studied. Specifics of algae storm debris collection and the necessity of timely removal of macrophytes from sandy coastline are indicated. Recommendations on natural and artificial drying, freezing and salting of macrophytes are given.
    Description: К недоиспользуемым сырьевым объектам Азово-Черноморского рыбохозяйственного бассейна можно отнести массовые скопления бурой водоросли цистозиры и морской травы зостеры, образующиеся на береговой линии в период штормов и естественного листопада макрофитов. Как правило, этот процесс происходит в летне-осенний период, который совпадает с курортным сезоном, что создает дискомфорт для отдыхающих. Таким образом, остро встает вопрос о перспективе использования штормовых выбросов и способах их первичной заготовки. Штормовые (сезонные) выбросы исследуемых макрофитов служат источниками ценных компонентов: из зостеры получают зостерин и клетчатку; цистозира богата альгиновой кислотой, йодом и селеном. В статье рассмотрены апробированные способы переработки водорослей для пищевых целей, получения биологически активных добавок к пище и косметических средств, в производстве бумаги и картона, а также использование макрофитов в качестве удобрений и кормов для животных. Изучены способы первичной заготовки с целью максимального сохранения качества объектов исследования: сушка, замораживание, обработка химическими веществами. Отмечены особенности сбора штормовых выбросов и необходимость своевременного удаления макрофитов с прибрежной песчаной зоны. Представлены рекомендации проведения естественной и искусственной сушки, замораживания, а также посола макрофитов.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Zostera marina ; Cystoseira barbata ; Freezing ; Drying ; Salting ; Zosterin ; Eelgrass ; Зостерин ; Морская трава ; Альгиновая кислота ; Сушка ; Посол ; ASFA_2015::B::Biotechnology ; ASFA_2015::M::Macrophytes ; ASFA_2015::S::Seagrass resources
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.77-88
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2023-05-04
    Description: Morphological features of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg) oogenesis in the course of two-year cultivation cycle in Donuzlav Liman have been studied. The data on morphophysiological characteristics of this species (diameter and volume of acini, oocytes, nuclei, nucleoli, as well as the nucleoplasmic index) are given for different seasons. Quantitative changes in the size of oocytes (D) are presented in relation to water temperature (T, °С), which is described by the logistic function equation. It is shown that the dynamics of oogonia number (Nо) is linked to water temperature (T) with an inverse relation and is described by an exponential equation. The synchronicity of the changes in volumes of acini, oocytes and cell nuclei in the course of the reproductive cycle is shown, as well as the interrelationship between the volumes of these components. There was found to exist an asynchronicity in nuclei functioning and the nucleoplasmic index in the process of reproduction, which is linked with the synthesis of ribosomal proteins. Following the obtained data, 1-to-6 score of the maturity stages for the Pacific oyster females in the course of annual reproductive cycle is presented: passive state; beginning of oogenesis; active oogenesis; pre-spawning state; maturation and spawning; post-spawning transformation. The months, during which each maturity stage was the most prevalent, are given.
    Description: Исследованы морфологические особенности оогенеза тихоокеанской устрицы (Crassostrea gigas, Thunberg) в процессе двухгодичного цикла выращивания в лимане Донузлав. Приведены данные по морфофизиологическим показателям этого вида: диаметру и объему ацинусов, ооцитов, ядер, ядрышек, а также ядерно-плазменного индекса в разные сезоны года. Представлены количественные изменения размера ооцитов (D) в зависимости от температуры воды (T, °С), которая описывается уравнением логистической функции. Показано, что динамика численности оогоний (Nо) связаны с температурой воды обратной зависимостью и описывает ся экспоненциальным уравнением. Показана синхронность изменений объема ацинусов, ооцитов и ядер клеток в процессе полового цикла и взаимосвязь между объемами этих компонентов. Обнаружена асинхронность функционирования ядрышек и ядерно-плазменного индекса в процессе размножения, которые связаны с синтезом рибосомных белковых соединений. На основе полученных данных представлена 6-балльная шкала стадий зрелости самок тихоокеанской устрицы в течение годичного полового цикла: индифферентного состояния, начала и активного оогенеза, преднерестового состояния, созревания и нереста, а также посленерестовой перестройки. Представлены календарные месяцы, в которые наиболее часто встречается каждая стадия зрелости.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Crassostrea gigas ; Oocytes ; Nucleoplasmic index ; Reproductive cycle ; Maturity stages ; Ядерно-плазменный индекс ; ооциты ; Половой цикл ; Стадии зрелости ; ASFA_2015::O::Oyster culture ; ASFA_2015::A::Animal morphology ; ASFA_2015::O::Oogenesis
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.63-76
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  • 24
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    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, pp. 1-16, ISSN: 0899-8418
    Publication Date: 2023-05-08
    Description: Owing to the complicated spatial–temporal characteristics of East Asian precipitation (EAP), climate models have limited skills in simulating the modern Asian climate. This consequently leads to large uncertainties in simulations of the past EAP variation and future projections. Here, we explore the performance of the newly developed Alfred Wegener Institute Climate Model,version 3 (AWI-CM3) in simulating the climatological summer EAP. To test whether the model's skill depends on its atmosphere resolution, we design two AWI-CM3 simulations with different horizontal resolutions. The result shows that both simulations have acceptable performance in simulating the summer mean EAP, generally better than the majority of individual models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). However, for the monthly EAP from June to August, AWI-CM3 exhibits a decayed skill, which is due to the subseasonal movement of the western Pacific subtropical high bias. The higher-resolution AWI-CM3 simulation shows an overall improvement relative to the one performed at a relatively lower resolution in all aspects taken into account regarding the EAP. We conclude that AWI-CM3 is a suitable tool for exploring the EAP for the observational period. Having verified the model's skill for modern climate, we suggest employing the AWI-CM3, especially with high atmosphere resolution, both for applications in paleoclimate studies and future projections.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2023-05-09
    Description: Keynote Talk at IODP Exp. 379 Postcruise Meeting
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 26
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    NF-POGO Alumni Network for the Ocean
    Publication Date: 2023-05-09
    Description: Content: 1)From the Editorial Board; 2) NF-POGO Visiting Fellowship for Shipboard Training; 3) NANO Research Project; 4) Research contributions; 5) Scientific event announcements
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Ocean observations ; Capacity development ; Capacity building ; Alumni Network ; Newsletter ; NF-POGO ; POGO
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book/Monograph/Conference Proceedings
    Format: 16pp.
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  • 27
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    American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), 128(1), ISSN: 2169-9275
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: We assessed the spatial and temporal variability of the Arctic Boundary Current (ABC) using seven oceanographic moorings, deployed across the continental slope north of Severnaya Zemlya in 2015–2018. Transports and individual water masses were quantified based on temperature and salinity recorders and current profilers. Our results were compared with observations from the northeast Svalbard and the central Laptev Sea continental slopes to evaluate the hydrographic transformation along the ABC pathway. The highest velocities (〉0.30 m s−1) of the ABC occurred at the upper continental slope and decreased offshore to below 0.03 m s−1 in the deep basin. The ABC showed seasonal variability with velocities two times higher in winter than in summer. Compared to upstream conditions in Svalbard, water mass distribution changed significantly within 20 km of the shelf edge due to mixing with- and intrusion of shelf waters. The ABC transported 4.15 ± 0.3 Sv in the depth range 50–1,000 m, where 0.88 ± 0.1, 1.5 ± 0.2, 0.61 ± 0.1 and 1.0 ± 0.15 Sv corresponded to Atlantic Water (AW), Dense Atlantic Water (DAW), Barents Sea Branch Water (BSBW) and Transformed Atlantic Water (TAW). 62–70% of transport was constrained to within 30–40 km of the shelf edge, and beyond 84 km, transport increases were estimated to be 0.54 Sv. Seasonality of TAW derived from local shelf-processes and advection of seasonal-variable Fram Strait waters, while BSBW transport variability was dominated by temperature changes with maximum transport coinciding with minimum temperatures. Further Barents Sea warming will likely reduce TAW and BSBW transport leading to warmer conditions along the ABC pathway.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 28
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    American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), 128(1), ISSN: 2169-9275
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: We assessed the spatial and temporal variability of the Arctic Boundary Current (ABC) using seven oceanographic moorings, deployed across the continental slope north of Severnaya Zemlya in 2015–2018. Transports and individual water masses were quantified based on temperature and salinity recorders and current profilers. Our results were compared with observations from the northeast Svalbard and the central Laptev Sea continental slopes to evaluate the hydrographic transformation along the ABC pathway. The highest velocities (〉0.30 m s−1) of the ABC occurred at the upper continental slope and decreased offshore to below 0.03 m s−1 in the deep basin. The ABC showed seasonal variability with velocities two times higher in winter than in summer. Compared to upstream conditions in Svalbard, water mass distribution changed significantly within 20 km of the shelf edge due to mixing with- and intrusion of shelf waters. The ABC transported 4.15 ± 0.3 Sv in the depth range 50–1,000 m, where 0.88 ± 0.1, 1.5 ± 0.2, 0.61 ± 0.1 and 1.0 ± 0.15 Sv corresponded to Atlantic Water (AW), Dense Atlantic Water (DAW), Barents Sea Branch Water (BSBW) and Transformed Atlantic Water (TAW). 62–70% of transport was constrained to within 30–40 km of the shelf edge, and beyond 84 km, transport increases were estimated to be 0.54 Sv. Seasonality of TAW derived from local shelf-processes and advection of seasonal-variable Fram Strait waters, while BSBW transport variability was dominated by temperature changes with maximum transport coinciding with minimum temperatures. Further Barents Sea warming will likely reduce TAW and BSBW transport leading to warmer conditions along the ABC pathway.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 29
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    Schweizerbart
    In:  EPIC3Fundamental and Applied Limnology, Schweizerbart, ISSN: 1863-9135
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 30
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    Oxford University Press (OUP)
    In:  EPIC3ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), ISSN: 1054-3139
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: 〈jats:title〉Abstract〈/jats:title〉 〈jats:p〉Many previous studies on the changes in zooplankton communities considered only subsets of the total community. In this study, we investigated the temporal dynamics of the mesozooplankton community structure, considering all taxa (holo- and meroplankton) sampled over the last five decades at Helgoland Roads. We identified two tipping years. The first one occurred in 1983, which is consistent with previous studies conducted on copepods. The second shift, even more pronounced, took place in the mid-2000s. During the first shift, most taxa significantly increased in abundance and kept high densities until the end of the 1990s. Then, we observed in the mid-2000s a sharp decrease in community diversity and abundances of almost all taxa. One of the aims of the study was to test the robustness depending on the choice of taxa. To test this, we selected different subsets of the total zooplankton community, both randomly as well as based on functionality. We observed very similar trends over time for all groups, showing the complete community experienced the same changes. However, the timing of the tipping years depended on the organisms considered. These results highlight that the observed changes in the planktonic community are surprisingly robust and visible in most planktonic organisms.〈/jats:p〉
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is Earth’smost abundant wild animal, and its enormous biomass is vital to the Southern Ocean ecosystem. Here, we report a 48.01-Gb chromosome-level Antarctic krill genome, whose large genome size appears to have resulted from inter-genic transposable element expansions. Our assembly reveals the molecular architecture of the Antarctic krill circadian clock and uncovers expanded gene families associated with molting and energy metabolism, providing insights into adaptations to the cold and highly seasonal Antarctic environment. Population-level genome re-sequencing from four geographical sites around the Antarctic continent reveals no clear population structure but highlights natural selection associated with environmental variables. An apparent drastic reduction in krill population size 10 mya and a subsequent rebound 100 thousand years ago coincides with climate change events. Our findings uncover the genomic basis of Antarctic krill adaptations to the Southern Ocean and provide valuable resources for future Antarctic research.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 32
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    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Keywords: ddc:380
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: "TRANSCITY" ist ein partizipatives, sozialökologisches Forschungsprojekt, das hinsichtlich seiner transformativen Wirkung im folgenden Text exemplarisch anhand der Arbeiten mit und in der Stadt Essen vorgestellt und analysiert wird. Im ersten Abschnitt werden die vielseitigen Herausforderungen der Klimakrise herausgearbeitet, die den Bezugsrahmen des Projektes bilden. Im Mittelpunkt der Projektvorstellung stehen die Projektidee, die Zielsetzungen sowie das Projektdesign und die Forschungsmethoden. Im abschließenden Kapitel werden die transformativen Wirkungen untersucht. Am Ende folgt ein zusammenfassender Ausblick.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: In den letzten Jahren wurden zahlreiche Optimierungsmodelle entwickelt, um die Bewertung von Strategien für die zukünftige Entwicklung von Energieversorgungssystemen wissenschaftlich zu unterstützen. Analysen zur zukünftigen Ausgestaltung des Energiesystems und seines Betriebs, die auf der Anwendung dieser Modelle basieren, kommen jedoch meist zu unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen. Dies liegt zum einen an unterschiedlichen Annahmen in den Modelleingangsdaten, zum anderen an Unterschieden in den Modellformulierungen. Modelle zur Analyse nationaler Energiewendeszenarien unterscheiden sich in der Regel in ihrer räumlichen und zeitlichen Granularität sowie in ihrem technologischen Umfang und Detailgrad. Begrenzte Rechenkapazitäten machen einen Kompromiss zwischen diesen Dimensionen erforderlich. Eine hohe räumliche und/oder zeitliche Granularität geht somit mit einer starken Vereinfachung der Darstellung von Technologieeigenschaften einher. Diese Vereinfachungen können von Modell zu Modell unterschiedlich sein. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Problemstellung lag der Fokus des Projekts FlexMex auf der Bewertung des Einflusses der Modelleigenschaften auf die berechneten Ergebnisse. Um datenbedingte von modellbedingten Unterschieden zu trennen wurde somit ein einheitlicher Satz an Eingangsparametern entwickelt und in allen Modellen verwendet. Die Szenariovorgaben schließen dabei die techno- ökonomischen Technologieparameter, Brennstoff- und CO2-Zertifikatspreise, Annahmen zur Strom-, Wärme- und Wasserstoffnachfrage, das Dargebot der Stromerzeugung aus erneuerbarer Energie (EE) sowie die Potenziale von Lastmanagement und weiteren Flexibilitätsoptionen ein. Zudem wurden in den Szenarien ohne modellendogene Ausbauoptimierung auch die installierten Kapazitäten der betrachteten Energiewandler, -speicher und -netze harmonisiert. Die Ausnahme bildeten hier Untersuchungen mit Betrachtung einer modellendogenen Optimierung der Anlagenkapazitäten. Gemäß dem Fokus auf dem stündlichen Einsatz von Flexibilitätsoptionen wurden im Modellvergleich überwiegend Versorgungssysteme mit hohen Erzeugungsanteilen fluktuierender erneuerbarer Stromerzeugung aus Wind und Photovoltaik betrachtet. Der Modellvergleich setzte sich aus zwei, aufeinander aufbauenden Teilen zusammen. Im ersten Teil des Vergleichs stand die detaillierte Analyse der Auswirkung von Unterschieden in den Modellierungsansätzen und der Abbildung einzelner Technologien im Vordergrund. Dafür wurden die betrachteten Flexibilitätsoptionen jeweils einzeln in einem stark vereinfachten System betrachtet. Dieses setzt sich zusammen aus fluktuierender Erzeugung aus Windenergie und Photovoltaik, jeweils mit der Option der Abregelung und der zu analysierenden alternativen Flexibilitätsoptionen. Aufgrund der Vielfalt der betrachteten Optionen - Stromspeicher, Stromübertragungsnetze, Lastmanagement und verschiedene Technologien der flexiblen Sektorenkopplung - ergeben sich daraus insgesamt 22 Modellläufen. Da sich die Unterschiede in der Technologieabbildung auf jeweils eine Technologie beschränken, können Abweichungen in den Ergebnissen diesen direkt zugeordnet werden. Im zweiten Teil des Modellvergleichs wurden alle Flexibilitätsoptionen gemeinsam und folglich auch deren vielfältige Wechselwirkungen betrachtet. Im Rahmen der Betrachtung von 16 Testfällen wurde die sich aus der Modellwahl ergebende Unsicherheit in den Ergebnissen quantifiziert. Diese Testfälle unterscheiden sich im Ausbau von Windkraft- und Photovoltaikanlagen, in der Verfügbarkeit verschiedener Flexibilitätsoptionen, sowie in der Berücksichtigung eines endogenen Zubaus dieser Flexibilitätsoptionen.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 37
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    Berlin : Springer Spektrum
    Publication Date: 2023-05-30
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2023-06-02
    Description: Oral presentation at EGU GA 2023 (EGU23 14227)
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2023-06-02
    Description: An oral presentation at () ISDA online event. Topic: Ocean Data Assimilation
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2023-06-02
    Description: Satellite observations covering the last four decades reveal an ocean warming pattern resembling the negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. This pattern has therefore been widely interpreted as a manifestation of natural climate variability. Here, we re-examine the observed warming pattern and find that the predominant warming over the subtropical oceans, while mild warming or even cooling over the subpolar ocean, is dynamically consistent with the convergence and divergence of surface water. By comparison of observations, paleo-reconstructions, and model simulations, we propose that the observed warming pattern is likely a short-term transient response to the increased CO2 forcing, which only emerges during the early stage of anthropogenic warming. On centennial to millennial timescales, the subpolar ocean warming is expected to exceed the temporally dominant warming of the subtropical ocean. This delayed but amplified subpolar ocean warming has the potential to reshape the ocean-atmosphere circulation and threaten the stability of marine-terminating ice sheets.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 41
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    The Royal Society
    In:  EPIC3Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, The Royal Society, 381(2249), pp. 20220063-20220063, ISSN: 1364-503X
    Publication Date: 2023-06-08
    Description: Estimates of ocean CO2 uptake from global ocean biogeochemistry models and pCO2-based data products differ substantially, especially in high latitudes and in the trend of the CO2 uptake since 2000. Here, we assess the effect of data sparsity on two pCO2-based estimates by subsampling output from a global ocean biogeochemistry model. The estimates of the ocean CO2 uptake are improved from a sampling scheme that mimics present-day sampling to an ideal sampling scheme with 1000 evenly distributed sites. In particular, insufficient sampling has given rise to strong biases in the trend of the ocean carbon sink in the pCO2 products. The overestimation of the CO2 flux trend by 20-35% globally and 50-130% in the Southern Ocean with the present-day sampling is reduced to less than 15% with the ideal sampling scheme. A substantial overestimation of the decadal variability of the Southern Ocean carbon sink occurs in one product and appears related to a skewed data distribution in pCO2 space. With the ideal sampling, the bias in the mean CO2 flux is reduced from 9-12% to 2-9% globally and from 14-26% to 5-17% in the Southern Ocean. On top of that, discrepancies of about 0.4 PgC yr-1 (15%) persist due to uncertainties in the gas-exchange calculation. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities'.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2023-06-08
    Description: Phytoplankton growth is controlled by multiple environmental drivers, which are all modified by climate change. While numerous experimental studies identify interactive effects between drivers, large-scale ocean biogeochemistry models mostly account for growth responses to each driver separately and leave the results of these experimental multiple-driver studies largely unused. Here, we amend phytoplankton growth functions in a biogeochemical model by dual-driver interactions (CO2 and temperature, CO2 and light), based on data of a published meta-analysis on multiple-driver laboratory experiments. The effect of this parametrization on phytoplankton biomass and community composition is tested using present-day and future high-emission (SSP5-8.5) climate forcing. While the projected decrease in future total global phytoplankton biomass in simulations with driver interactions is similar to that in control simulations without driver interactions (5%-6%), interactive driver effects are group-specific. Globally, diatom biomass decreases more with interactive effects compared with the control simulation (-8.1% with interactions vs. no change without interactions). Small-phytoplankton biomass, by contrast, decreases less with on-going climate change when the model accounts for driver interactions (-5.0% vs. -9.0%). The response of global coccolithophore biomass to future climate conditions is even reversed when interactions are considered (+33.2% instead of -10.8%). Regionally, the largest difference in the future phytoplankton community composition between the simulations with and without driver interactions is detected in the Southern Ocean, where diatom biomass decreases (-7.5%) instead of increases (+14.5%), raising the share of small phytoplankton and coccolithophores of total phytoplankton biomass. Hence, interactive effects impact the phytoplankton community structure and related biogeochemical fluxes in a future ocean. Our approach is a first step to integrate the mechanistic understanding of interacting driver effects on phytoplankton growth gained by numerous laboratory experiments into a global ocean biogeochemistry model, aiming toward more realistic future projections of phytoplankton biomass and community composition.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2023-06-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2023-05-16
    Description: Einige Klimaneutralitätsszenarien für Deutschland nehmen an, dass zukünftig "unvermeidbares" CO2, z. B. aus der Zementproduktion, als Kohlenstoffquelle für die inländische Herstellung von Kraftstoffen oder chemischen Grundstoffen genutzt wird. In diesem Artikel wird dargelegt, warum eine solche CO2-Nutzung verglichen mit einem alternativen Pfad einer geologischen Speicherung des CO2 und einem gleichzeitigen Import "grüner" Kraft- und Grundstoffe zumindest aus energetischer Sicht nachteilig erscheint.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: article , doc-type:article
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2023-05-20
    Description: Life history and electrophoretic data were collected for an iso1ated, lacustrine popu1ation of rainbow trout from Packwood Lake, Washington. Spawning activity peaked in the lake outlet in late May and tributaries in mid-June. Eighty-four percent of the spawners were age IV or V. Females represented 63 percent of the total run. Only one of the 16 enzyme loci examined in Packwood Lake rainbow trout was polymorphic, LDH-4. Genetic comparisons indicated that Packwood rainbow are more similar to "inland" steelhead (rainbow) stocks than they were to "coastal" steelhead (rainbow) stocks. This unanticipated finding was hypothesized as evidence that colonization of Packwood Lake by an "inland" form of rainbow trout took place shortly after the last Pleistocene ice retreat. Further, that isolation from invading "coastal" stocks occurred due to subsequent geologic events. It is suggested· that Packwood rainbow are unique and that their genetic integrity be preserved for future reference and study.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Non Refereed
    Keywords: Oncorhynchus mykiss ; rainbow trout
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 16 pp
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2023-05-20
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Refereed
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material
    Format: 137
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  • 47
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    In:  EPIC3
    Publication Date: 2023-05-22
    Description: Vortrag am Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Gymnasium Potsdam mit Vorstellung am des Alfred-Wegener-Instituts zu Berufs- und Studienorientierung de Schüler:innen, sowie Einblick in die aktuelle Permafrost- und Arktisforschung.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2023-05-23
    Description: The Workshop is part of a yearly series within the AI/ML-Cluster in Subtopic 2.4 of the research program PoF IV: Changing Earth - Sustaining our Future.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Other , notRev
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  • 49
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    Université de Tunis El Manar. Faculté des Sciences de Tunis (FST)
    Publication Date: 2023-05-30
    Description: PhD
    Keywords: Peuplement ; Exploitation ; Hydrodynamique ; Hydrologie ; Pêche ; espèces ; Faune ; Flore
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Thesis/Dissertation
    Format: 245 pp.
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2023-05-30
    Description: Pour évaluer la qualité d'un milieu aquatique, les scientifiques utilisent des indices basés sur la physico-chimie, les algues phytoplanctoniques, et les invertébrés. Dans certains cas ils utilisent les poissons ou « indice poisson » qui prend en considération les communautés de poissons comme finales indicateurs biologiques et intégrateurs finals. Dans ce travail, la méthode de « diagnose rapide », mise au point par le CEMAGREF en 1990, et qui a été adaptée en 2002 par Boudjenah aux conditions algériennes, qui a été appliqué, à des données et résultats de travaux réalisés par d’autres chercheurs universitaires au niveau du Barrage de BOUKOURDANE, récoltées dans la bibliographie. La méthode de diagnose rapide, prend en considération les paramètres physico-chimiques de l'eau, du sédiment et d'une partie des peuplements biologiques (phytoplancton), ces paramètres sont ensuite traduits en indices basés sur la situation trophique des compartiments de l'écosystème aquatique. Le calcul des indices nous permet de situer ensuite le plan d'eau sur la gamme des niveaux trophiques : oligotrophes, mésotrophes, eutrophes. (Barbe et al, 1990). Ce classement donne enfin la possibilité d'estimer la production du barrage de BOUKOURDANE afin de prévoir et d'optimiser son exploitation.
    Description: An index based on physico-chemical, fish (fish index), invertebrates, algae, or phytoplankton has been used to evaluate the quality of an aquatic environment. The fish community is considered as the trophic chain's ultimate integrator in the fish index. The "rapid diagnosis" method developed by CEMAGREF in 1990 and adapted to the Algerian condition by Boudjenah in 2002 is presented in this work for the first time, and for the second time, the theoretical production evaluation method has been applied to the data collected from the bibliography. This index's analysis helps us to position the lake's trophic level inside the range of trophic levels, including oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic (Barbe et al, 1990). With the help of this categorization, we can finally plan and maximize the utilization of Lake BOUKOURDANE by calculating its productivity.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: diagnose rapide ; indices trophiques ; productivité ; ASFA_2015::A::Aquatic environment ; ASFA_2015::P::Phytoplankton ; ASFA_2015::M::Methods ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::S::Seaweeds
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.45-54
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2023-05-30
    Description: La biosurveillance de la qualité des écosystèmes aquatiques à travers des indicateurs biologiques (Biomarqueurs) est largement utilisée dans les différents programmes internationaux de surveillance environnementale. En complément de l’approche chimique, la mesure de biomarqueurs permet de disposer d’information sur la nature et le niveau de la contamination chimique mais aussi sur la santé des organismes vivants et des populations des écosystèmes aquatiques. Dans ce travail nous avons utilisé le Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), poisson d’eau douce, comme modèle d’étude afin de mettre en évidence les réponses à un stress induit par le cuivre Cu2+ dissous dans le milieu d’élevage. Parmi les biomarqueurs, la mesure de marqueurs biochimiques tels que l’activité catalase (CAT) et l’activité protéase (Pase) chez les poissons paraît particulièrement intéressante en termes de sensibilité, spécificité et précocité. Les résultats ont montré que l’exposition du modèle choisi au cuivre a fait augmenter l’induction enzymatique CAT au niveau du foie (~ 70 U/mg Protéines après 42 jours d’exposition) et des branchies (~120 U/mg Protéines 42 jours d’exposition) et ceci en comparaison avec le test témoin (~40 et 30 U/mg Protéines dans le foie et dans les branchies, respectivement). En parallèle, La diminution de l’activité protéase chez les Tilapias stressés par le cuivre, mesurée au niveau de l’intestin, reflète éventuellement le résultat d’une perturbation physiologique de l’enzyme digestive des espèces testées. Ces deux réponses biochimiques (CAT et Pase), pourraient être intégrées utilement comme des biomarqueurs de stress non spécifique, dans un réseau pérenne de mesure en routine de la qualité et de la santé des écosystèmes aquatiques.
    Description: Biomonitoring of the quality of aquatic ecosystems through biological indicators (Biomarkers) is widely used in various international environmental monitoring programs. In addition to the chemical approach, the measurement of biomarkers provides information on the nature and level of chemical contamination but also on the health of living organisms and populations of aquatic ecosystems. In this work we used Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a freshwater fish, as a study model in order to highlight the responses to stress induced by copper Cu2+ dissolved in the farming environment. Among the biomarkers, the measurement of biochemical markers such as catalase activity (CAT) and protease activity (Pase) in fish seems particularly interesting in terms of sensitivity, specificity and precocity. The results showed that exposure of the selected model to copper increased CAT enzyme induction in the liver (~70 U/mg Protein after 42 days of exposure) and gills (~120 U/mg Protein 42 days of exposure) and this in comparison with the control test (~40 and 30 U/mg Protein in the liver and in the gills, respectively). In parallel, the decrease in protease activity in Tilapias stressed by copper, measured at the level of the intestine, possibly reflects the result of a physiological disturbance of the digestive enzyme of the species tested. These two biochemical responses (CAT and Pase), in the process of being fully validated, could be usefully integrated as biomarkers of non-specific stress, in a permanent network for routine measurement of the quality and health of aquatic ecosystems.
    Description: Référence Bibliographique, Tableaux, Figures.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Biosurveillance ; Biomarqueurs ; Oreochromis niloticus ; Cu2+ ; Catalase ; Protéase ; Biomarkers ; Biomonitoring ; ASFA_2015::E::Ecosystems ; ASFA_2015::C::Chemical contamination ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater aquaculture ; ASFA_2015::I::Indicators
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.17-31
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2023-05-30
    Description: Dans le présent travail, nous avons examiné la croissance relative de la crevette royale Penaeus kerathurus issue de la pêche commerciale de la lagune d’El Mellah. Les relations allométriques reliant les différentes parties du corps des crevettes mâles et femelles expriment toutes sans exception une forte allométrie minorante. Les résultats obtenus dans cette étude concordent avec ceux précédemment décrits chez plusieurs populations de Penaeus kerathurus et ils constituent un nouvel élément de preuve en faveur de l'uniformité génétique de l’espèce le long de son aire de répartition méditerranéenne.
    Description: In the present work, we examined the relative growth of the caramote prawn Penaeus kerathurus collected from the commercial fishery of the El Mellah lagoon. All allometric relationships between the various body parts of both male and female prawns showed strong negative allometry. The findings of this study are consistent with those previously reported in numerous populations of Penaeus kerathurus and add a new piece of evidence for the genetic uniformity of the species over its Mediterranean range.
    Description: Référence bibliographique, Figures, Tableau.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Crevettes ; Penaeus kerathurus ; croissance ; aquaculture extensive ; Algérie ; ASFA_2015::G::Growth ; ASFA_2015::E::Extensive aquaculture ; ASFA_2015::M::Marine crustaceans ; ASFA_2015::P::Population genetics ; ASFA_2015::S::Shrimp culture
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.1-6
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  • 53
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    Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais.
    Publication Date: 2023-05-30
    Description: The impacts of human actions, as deforeations, pollution and introduction of species have been causing negative effects on the environment. The extinction of species, and change of distribution range, are some of them, especially in the aquatic environment were it is observed a hogh richness compared to its extension. Thus, the knowledge about biodiversity is of extreme importance conservation of ecosystems. Ostracods are one example of a group constantly affected but ill studied. It was performed a revision of Cyprettinae s.l. from circumtropical regions, using morphological taxonomy. The first step in the revision of Cyprettinae s.l. was redescribe the type species of Cypretta Vavra, 1895 from the original type material, discuss the morphology and diagnosis of the genus. After that it was described two new species from Pseudocypretta Klie, 1932 genus from South Africa and Brazil; and described a new genus and four new species from Brazil. With the redescription of the type species of the Cyprettathe diagnosis characters for the species and genus were delimited. Analyzing the features of the new species of Pseudocypretta this genus was moved from the Cyprettinae subfamily to the Cypridopsinae subfamily, and expanded the distribution of this genus to the Afrotropical and Neotropical regions. The new genus and new species were recorded from the four main floodplain of Brazil and were designated to the Cyprettinae subfamily. Both Cypretta, Pseudoypretta and new genus are characterized by presence of septas in its valves, however they vary in level of development (complete or incomplete) and disposition along the margins of the valves. Using a database of ostracods distribution and ecological niche modelling (ENMs) the effects of climate change were evaluated to the functional diversity of ostracods in the South Cone of South America, in the moderate-optimistic and pessimistic scenarios of 2050 and 2080. It is projected that the ostracod functional diversity will suffer a gradual reduction in 2050 and 2080on bothscenarios of carbon emission, but especially in the pessimistic scenario of 2080. The results highlight the importance of evaluate the functional diversity for ostracod conservation, since several areas marked to have low taxonomic richness supported intermediate and high levels of functional diversity.
    Description: O impacto de ações humanas, tais como desflorestamento, poluição e introdução de espécies vem causando efeitos negativos no meio ambiente. A extinção de espécies e mudanças nas áreas de distribuição das espécies, são alguns desses problemas, principalmente no meio aquático onde e observada uma elevada riqueza de espécies comparada a sua extensão. Portanto, o conhecimento acerca da biodiversidade é de extrema importância para a conservação dos ecossistemas. Os ostracodes são um exemplo de grupo que está sendo afetado por mudanças climáticas e, no entanto, são pouco estudados. Realizou-se uma revisão de Cyprettinae s.l. de regiões circumtropicais, usando a taxonomia morfológica. A primeira etapa na revisão de Cyprettinae s.l. foi redescrever a espécie tipo de Cypretta Vavra, 1985 a partir do material tipo original, e discutir a morfologia e diagnóstico do gênero. Após, descreveu-se duas novas espécies de Pseudocypretta Klie, 1932 da África do Sul e do Brasil; e um novo gênero e quatro novas espécies do Brasil. Com a redescrição da espécie tipo de Cypretta nos determinamos os caracteres diagnósticos da espécie e do gênero. Analisando as características das novas espécies de Pseudocypretta moveu-se esse gênero da subfamília Cyprettinae para a subfamília Cypridopsinae, e expandiu-se a distribuição desse gênero para as regiões Afrotropical e Neotropical. O novo gênero e novas espécies foram registradas nas quatro principais planícies de inundação brasileiras, e foram classificados na subfamilia Cyprettinae. Ambos Cypretta e Pseudocypretta e novo gênero são caracterizados pela presença de septas em suas valvas, no entanto variam em nível de desenvolvimento (completas ou incompletas) e disposição ao longo das margens das valvas. Usando um banco de dados de ostracoda e modelos de nicho ecológico, avaliaram-se os efeitos das mudanças climáticas na diversidade funcional de ostracoda no Cone Sul da América do Sul, em cenários moderados-otimista e pessimista dos anos de 2050 e 2080. E projetado que a diversidade funcional de ostracoda sofrerá uma gradual redução em 2050 e 2080 em ambos os cenários de emissão de carbono, mas principalmente no cenário pessimista de 2080. Os resultados destacam a importância de avaliar a diversidade funcional para a conservação de ostracodes, desde que algumas áreas reportadas e possuírem baixa riqueza taxonômica suportam intermediários a elevados valores de diversidade funcional.
    Description: PhD
    Keywords: Ostracoda (Crustacea) ; Microcrustáceos de água doce ; Comunidades, Ecologia de ; Modelagem ; Traços funcionais ; Taxonomia morfológica ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater ecology ; ASFA_2015::C::Communities (ecological) ; ASFA_2015::T::Taxonomy ; ASFA_2015::M::Molluscs (freshwater) ; ASFA_2015::C::Crustaceans (freshwater) ; ASFA_2015::F::Floodplains
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Thesis/Dissertation
    Format: 212pp.
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2023-05-30
    Description: Une approche bioéconomique de la pêcherie chalutière de la baie de Bou Ismail (région centre de l’Algérie), est effectuée sur le rouget de vase (Mullus barbatus). Il en ressort de la distribution des fréquences de taille de l’espèce, des classes entre 9,4 cm et 22,9 cm, avec une moyenne de 16,22 cm. Trois groupes d’âges sont mis en évidence par les méthodes Bhattacharya et NORMSEP (Bhattacharya amélioré). A partir des résultats du programme ELEFAN I, les valeurs retenues pour K et L∞ sont respectivement 0.56 an-1 et 29.00 cm. L’étude de la relation taille /poids de Mullus barbatus montre qu’elle est de type isométrique avec une croissance relativement rapide de l’espèce. Les mortalités totales sont importantes avec des coefficients de mortalités naturelles M/an faibles par rapport aux coefficients de mortalités par pêche F/an. L’application du modèle prédictif de Tompson et Bell (1934) révèle un état d’exploitation élevé du rouget de vase dans la région d’étude. Le maximum de rendement soutenu du stock du rouget de vase dans la baie de Bou Ismail (MSY) est atteint à un facteur d’effort de 1.39 avec une valeur maximale de Y/R = 35.198g. Au-delà, le rendement reste constant pour chuter par la suite. Le traitement des données de la VPA (VIT4 WIN) renseigne sur un bon renouvellement annuel de la biomasse du stock de M. barbatus. Ce rapport est estimé à 193.11%. Toutefois, les résultats montrent que le niveau présent de l’effort de pêche est supérieur à celui qui correspond au MSY. Ceci indique que l’exploitation de ce stock a dépassé le niveau d’équilibre. Et par ailleurs, la production maximale économique équilibrée (MSE) est obtenue avec un facteur de F (FMSE = 0.6), renseigne sur un niveau présent de l’effort de pêche est supérieur au FMSE, ce qui dénote une surcapacité, même si les aspects économiques étudiés sur la pêcherie en question, concluent à des résultats positifs.
    Description: A bioeconomic approach to the trawl fishery in the Bay of Bou Ismail (central region of Algeria) is carried out on Mullus barbatus. It appears from the size frequency distribution of the species, classes between 9.4 cm and 22.9 cm, with an average of 16.22 cm. Three age groups are highlighted by the Bhattacharya and NORMSEP (Improved Bhattacharya) methods. From the results of the ELEFAN I program, the values retained for K and L∞ are respectively 0.56 year- 1 and 29.00 cm. The study of the relation size / weight of Mullus barbatus is of isometric type with a relatively rapid growth of the species. Total mortalities are high with low natural mortality coefficients M/year compared to fishing mortality coefficients F/year. The maximum sustained yield of red mullet stock in Bou Ismail Bay (MSY) is reached at an effort factor of 1.39 with a maximum value of Y/R = 35.198g. Beyond that, the yield remains constant to fall thereafter. The processing of VPA data (VIT4 WIN) provides information on a good annual renewal of the stock biomass of M. barbatus. This ratio is estimated at 193.11%. However, the results show that the present level of fishing effort is higher than that corresponding to the MSY. This indicates that the exploitation of this stock has exceeded the equilibrium level. And moreover, the maximum balanced economic production (MSE) is obtained with a factor of F (FMSE = 0.6), provides information on a current level of fishing effort is greater than the FMSE, which denotes overcapacity,
    Description: Référence bibliographique, Annexes, Figures, Tableaux.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Pêcherie chalutière ; Rouget de vase ; Baie de Bou Ismail ; Bio-économie ; ASFA_2015::M::Marine fish ; ASFA_2015::M::Marine fisheries ; ASFA_2015::M::Mortality ; ASFA_2015::T::Trawling ; ASFA_2015::S::Stock assessment
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.32-44
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2023-05-30
    Description: Mugilidae are one of the most farmed fish in Algerian freshwater aquaculture. The objective of the paper was to study the biological and parasitological characteristics of Mugilidae caught in Algerian coast. Six species were identified Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), Liza ramada (Risso, 1827), Liza aurata (Risso, 1810), Liza saliens (Risso, 1810), Chelon labrosus (Risso, 1827) and Oedalechilus labeo (Cuvier, 1829), using morphological observation. Mullet fed on a variety of diet items including detritus, polychaetes, and sediments. Parasite groups recovered (from what) were identified as Nematoda, Monogenea, Copepoda, Ectoparasites, Cestoda, Digenea, and Cysts. Overall infection prevalence (%), mean intensity, and abundance values were 60%, 40.63, and 24.38, respectively. A significant correlation was observed (R〉0.7) between fish size or weight and prevalence. Therefore, a sanitary treatment for the mullets before ponds introduction is necessary in order to prevent parasite transmission to cultured fish.
    Description: Les Mugilidae sont parmi les poissons les plus élevés en aquaculture d'eau douce en Algérie. L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier les caractéristiques biologiques et parasitologiques des Mugilidae pêchés en eau de mer. Six espèces ont été identifiées Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), Liza ramada (Risso, 1827), Liza aurata (Risso, 1810), Liza saliens (Risso, 1810), Chelon labrosus (Risso, 1827), Oedalechilus labeo (Cuvier, 1829), grâce à l'observation morphologique. Le mulet se nourrit d'une variété d'aliments, parmi lesquels les détritus, les polychètes et les sédiments dominent. Les groupes de parasites identifiés sont les nématodes, les monogènes, les copépodes, les ectoparasites, les cestodes, les digènes et les cystes. La prévalence, l'intensité moyenne et l’abondance globale sont de 60 %, 40,63 et 24,38, respectivement. Une corrélation significative (R〉0.7) entre la taille ou le poids des poissons et la prévalence a été observée. Par conséquent, un traitement sanitaire des mulets avant l'introduction dans les étangs est nécessaire afin d'éviter la transmission des parasites aux poissons d'élevage.
    Description: Référence bibliographique, Figures, Tableaux.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Abundance ; diet items ; mean intensity ; mullet ; prevalence ; ASFA_2015::F::Fish culture ; ASFA_2015::P::Parasites ; ASFA_2015::B::Biology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.7-16
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    Publication Date: 2023-05-30
    Description: La présente étude fait partie du projet « Contribution à l’inventaire, l’estimation de l’abondance et la mise en évidence de l’impact de la pêche (tous segments confondus) sur les Elasmobranches dans le golf de Ghazaouet (mer d’Alboran – ouest Algérie) », inscrit dans le cadre du MAVA Species Project. Elle vise à actualiser la liste des espèces appartenant à l’embranchement des Elasmobranches au niveau du golf de Ghazaouet. Pour ce faire, cinq approches principales et complémentaires ont été adoptées dans deux ports situés à l'ouest de la côte algérienne (Beni Saf et Ghazaouet), sur une période s’étalant sur vingt-deux mois (de février 2020 à septembre 2021). Les résultats montrent que pendant la période d'étude, vingt- six (26) espèces d'élasmobranches ont été recensées, ces espèces se répartissent entre 10 espèces de raies, 15 espèces de requins et 01 espèce de chimère. Cependant, Galeus melastomus et Scyliorhinus canicula sont les deux espèces les plus abondantes dans les pêcheries. Ainsi, la présence de trois espèces de requins classées en danger d’extinction par l’UICN a été révélée. Alors, la proposition de mesures de gestion efficaces basées sur la conservation des espèces vulnérables d'élasmobranches est indispensable.
    Description: This study is part of the project "Contribution to the inventory, the estimate of the abundance and the highlighting of the impact of fishing (all segments combined) on Elasmobranchs in the Gulf of Ghazaouet (Sea of 'Alboran – ouest Algérie)', listed under the MAVA Species Project. It aims to update the list of species belonging to the Elasmobranchs phylum at the Gulf of Ghazaouet. To do this, five main and complementary approaches have been adopted in two ports located on the west of the Algerian coast (Beni Saf and Ghazaouet), over a period spanning twenty-two months (from February 2020 to September 2021). The results show that during the study period, twenty-six (26) species of elasmobranchs were identified; these species are divided between 10 species of rays, 15 species of sharks and 01 species of chimera. However, Galeusmelastomus and Scyliorhinus canicula are the two most abundant species in the fisheries. Thus, the presence of three species of sharks classified as endangered by the IUCN has been revealed. Therefore, the proposal of effective management measures based on the conservation of vulnerable elasmobranch species is essential.
    Description: Références bibliographiques, Figures, Tableaux.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: inventaire ; Elasmobranches ; golf de Ghazaouet ; mer d’Alboran ; ASFA_2015::S::Species ; ASFA_2015::S::Species extinction ; ASFA_2015::P::Preservation (fishery products) ; ASFA_2015::S::Shark fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.55-64
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  • 57
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    Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais.
    Publication Date: 2023-05-29
    Description: The overexploitation of natural resources by human beings in recent centuries has had serious consequences for biodiversity. In freshwater aquatic environments, organisms suffer from various degradation processes, which involve pollution, environmental fragmentation, introduction of invasive species, among others. The construction of dams and reservoirs for energy production is among one of the biggest reasons for the degradation of these environments, as this fragments the water body, preventing connectivity between sites, in addition to transforming the lotic environment into a lentic one, completely changing the dynamics of the local. As an aggravating factor, there are reservoir cascades, which consist of a sequence of reservoirs built on the same river, enhancing the negative effects of a single reservoir. In highly fragmented environments, physical-chemical changes occur, which harm the local biological communities. Thus, in this work, analyzes of the spatial and temporal beta diversity of fish were carried out in a very fragmented river in northeastern Brazil, the São Francisco River. For spatial beta diversity, we calculated the Local Contribution to Beta Diversity (LCBD), taxonomic and functional, at 28 points along the six reservoirs and in a lotic stretch downstream of the reservoirs, up to the mouth. We performed a beta regression model to verify the relationship between LCBD values and environmental variables collected in the same period. As a result, we found that the points of the initial reservoirs and the points closest to the mouth of the river were the ones that most contributed to beta diversity, both taxonomic and functional, and turbidity was the variable that was most positively associated with LCBD values. For the temporal beta diversity analysis, we used five reservoirs, and compared the beta diversity between pairs of months over years. A correlation was also made between the results of temporal beta diversity and the variation of environmental variables. There was no relationship between environmental variables and temporal beta diversity. However, it was possible to observe that the reservoirs that operate as a trickle of water had the most unstable and unpredictable temporal beta diversity values, while the reservoir that operates as an accumulation followed the pattern of seasonal variation of the dry-flood dynamics. We recommend the proper management of the reservoirs of a waterfall, monitoring the variations in the parameters and regulating the flow and water level according to the expected natural variations, mainly the initial ones that function as sources of species and functional traits, and also the preservation of the rivers tax. We conclude that deeper studies covering other periods must be carried out, to complement the existing data and provide greater assertiveness in decision-making and conduction of reservoir operations.
    Description: A superexploração dos recursos naturais pelo ser humano nos últimos séculos tem trazido graves consequências para a biodiversidade. Em ambientes aquáticos de água doce, os organismos sofrem com diversos processos de degradação, que envolvem poluição, fragmentação do ambiente e introdução de espécies invasoras. A construção de barragens e reservatórios para a produção de energia está entre um dos maiores motivos para degradação desses locais, pois isso fragmenta o corpo hídrico, impedindo a conectividade entre os locais, além de transformar o ambiente lótico em lêntico, mudando completamente a dinâmica do local. Como agravante, existem as cascatas de reservatórios, que consistem em uma sequência de reservatórios construídos em um mesmo rio, potencializando os efeitos negativos de um único reservatório. Em ambientes altamente fragmentados, ocorrem mudanças físico-químicas, o que prejudica as comunidades biológicas locais. Dessa forma, analisou-se a diversidade beta espacial e temporal de peixes, em um rio muito fragmentado no nordeste brasileiro, o rio São Francisco. Para a diversidade beta espacial, calculou-se a Local Contribution to Beta Diversity=Contribuição Local para a Diversidade Beta (LCBD), taxonômica e funcional, em 28 pontos ao longo dos seis reservatórios e em um trecho lótico à jusante dos reservatórios, até a foz. Aplicou-se um modelo de beta regressão para verificar a relação dos valores de LCBD com as variáveis ambientais coletadas no mesmo período. Como resultado obtido, os pontos dos reservatórios iniciais e os pontos mais próximos à foz do rio foram os que mais contribuíram para a diversidade beta, tanto taxonômica quanto funcional, e a turbidez foi a variável que mais se associou positivamente com os valores de LCBD. Para a análise de diversidade beta temporal, utilizou-se cinco reservatórios, e foi feita uma análise comparativa da diversidade beta entre pares de meses ao longo de anos com o Temporal Beta-Diversity Index=Índice de Diversidade Beta Temporal (TBI). Estabeleceu-se uma correlação entre os resultados de diversidade beta temporal e a variação das variáveis ambientais. Não foi observado relação entre as variáveis ambientais e a diversidade beta temporal. No entanto, foi possível observar que os reservatórios que operam como fio d’água tiveram os valores de diversidade beta temporal mais instáveis e imprevisíveis, enquanto o reservatório que opera como acumulação seguiu o padrão de variação sazonal da dinâmica de seca-cheia. Recomenda-se o manejo adequado dos reservatórios de uma cascata, monitorando as variações nos parâmetros e regulando o fluxo e nível de água de acordo com as variações naturais esperadas, principalmente os iniciais que funcionam como fontes de espécies e traços funcionais, e também a preservação dos rios tributários. A aplicação de modernos índices de diversidade beta, como LCBD e TBI, com atributos taxonômicos e funcionais, inédita para o sistema estudado, resultou em informações importantes para a operação dos reservatórios, fornecendo maior assertividade nas tomadas de decisões e condução das atividades dos operadores.
    Description: PhD
    Keywords: Peixes de água doce ; Reservatórios de água doce ; Comunidades, Ecologia de ; Cascata ; Impactos ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater fish ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater ecology ; ASFA_2015::C::Communities (ecological) ; ASFA_2015::I::Impacts ; ASFA_2015::R::Reservoirs (water) ; ASFA_2015::R::River basins ; ASFA_2015::R::Reservoir dynamics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Thesis/Dissertation
    Format: 56pp.
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    Informa UK Limited
    In:  EPIC3Australian Geographer, Informa UK Limited, ahead-(ahead-), pp. 1-18, ISSN: 0004-9182
    Publication Date: 2023-05-31
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2023-06-01
    Description: Die klimapolitischen Ziele Deutschlands und der EU machen eine sehr schnelle und tiefgreifende Transformation sowohl der Energieversorgung als auch der energieverbrauchenden Sektoren notwendig. Diese Transformationsherausforderung betrifft nicht zuletzt die energieintensive Industrie in Deutschland, die vor grundlegenden technologischen Veränderungen wichtiger Produktionsprozesse steht. Die Herausforderungen für die Industrie werden durch die aktuelle Energiekrise weiter verschärft. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt das hier vorgestellte Klimaschutzszenario "SCI4climate.NRW-Klimaneutralität" (S4C-KN), das im Rahmen des vom Land NRW finanzierten Forschungsprojekts "SCI4climate.NRW" entwickelt wurde, die möglichen künftigen Entwicklungen in der energieintensiven Industrie in den Mittelpunkt der Analyse. Das Szenario analysiert diese Entwicklungen im Kontext eines gesamtwirtschaftlichen Transformationspfads hin zu einem klimaneutralen Deutschland im Jahr 2045.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: report , doc-type:report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 60
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    National Institute of Water and Atmopheric Research (NIWA) | Wellington, New Zealand
    Publication Date: 2023-06-01
    Description: "Sea Links" is designed to be used as a supplementary resource to support the teaching and learning of Science and Biology at Level 7 (Year 12). This resource also complements the "Sea and Learn" programme resources. The planktonic (ocean's water column and the organisms within it) food web is the resource's focus of study. It is intended for use with students at Years 11, 12 and 13, though it may be appropriate at other levels too. As they study the marine ecosystem, they will be rewarded by a number of surprises, including the variety of animals, and the unexpected direction of the energy flow that may occur when nutrient levels are low.
    Description: Published
    Description: Not Known
    Keywords: Abiotic factors ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Planktonic migrations ; Myxotrophy ; Photosynthesis ; Euphotic zone ; Chrysophyta ; Pleurosigma ; Diatoms ; ASFA_2015::F::Food webs ; ASFA_2015::P::Plankton studies ; ASFA_2015::T::Teaching aids
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book/Monograph/Conference Proceedings
    Format: 135pp.
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