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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of technology and design education 4 (1994), S. 5-34 
    ISSN: 1573-1804
    Keywords: problem solving ; design process ; conceptual and procedural knowledge ; curriculum structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Art History , Education , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper reports the preliminary results of a pilot study investigating the nature of ‘problem-solving’ activity in technology classrooms. The research focuses on the relationship and potential mismatch between teachers' and children's agendas, aims, perceptions and beliefs concerning design and technology activities. A case study of an 11-week project was undertaken with four pupils aged 13. In-depth classroom observation and interviews allowed us to investigate the problem solving used in designing and making a kite, and the pupils' ‘application’ of the knowledge required. Our analysis charts the influence of the teacher's task structuring and interventions on the children's problem-solving behaviour. The results indicate that the design process is highly complex and not always communicated successfully by teachers. What children typically encounter in design and technology projects are different problems requiring different approaches according to the kind of task and the stage reached in its solution. The popular idea that ‘problem solving’ in technology denotes a holistic ‘design-and-make’ process is hence under challenge. Moreover, the assumed access and application of relevant bodies of knowledge from other contexts is highly problematic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of technology and design education 5 (1995), S. 255-266 
    ISSN: 1573-1804
    Keywords: design process ; integration ; extra-rational/rational ; learning processes ; analogy ; quantum physics ; unpredictability ; ambiguity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Art History , Education , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The traditional, linear, rational models of designing have over-simplified a complex process; unfortunately, this simplification misrepresents reality. Students need to become aware of the ambiguous nature of a complex process such as designing just as they need to be introduced to the ambiguous nature of living in a modern world. The challenge is to develop a design process to be used as a teaching/learning strategy that is non-linear, that integrates processes from the rational and extra-rational levels of the mind and which captures the ambiguous nature of the design process. Using the counter-intuitive behaviour that exists in quantum theory as an analogy seems best to describe the true nature of designing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of technology and design education 7 (1997), S. 141-159 
    ISSN: 1573-1804
    Keywords: conceptual knowledge ; procedural knowledge ; problem solving ; design process
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Art History , Education , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The ideas that underlie the title of this chapter have been part of a familiar debate in education, namely that of the contrast of content and process. In both science and mathematics similar arguments have taken place, and these debates represent a healthy examination of, not only the aims of science and mathematics education, but the teaching and learning issues, and as such they reflect the relative maturity of these subject areas. Even in technology education, which is still in its infancy as a subject, echoes of these debates exist and there are contrasts of approaches to the balance of process and content across the world. The 'debate' in technology is evangelical in nature, with for example, proponents making claims for problem-solving approaches as a basis for teaching with few accounts and almost no empirical research of what actually happens in classrooms. There is insufficient consideration of the learning issues behind this, or other proposals, and it is timely to turn our attention to student learning. This article examines the nature of technological knowledge and what we know about learning related to it. The article argues that learning procedural and conceptual knowledge associated with technological activity poses challenges for both technology educators and those concerned with research on learning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of technology and design education 5 (1995), S. 199-217 
    ISSN: 1573-1804
    Keywords: design process ; problem-solving ; design models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Art History , Education , Technology
    Notes: Abstract There are many published models for the process of design or open-ended problem solving. Some of these are represented in diagrammatic form while others are implicit within the text of the publication. Where do these models come from? Upon what evidence are they based and how accurately do they describe the pupil designer? The idea that we should teach pupils a procedure for completing design and make tasks or a strategy for solving problems is an attractive one but is there only one procedure and is this easily transferred to a wide variety of tasks? This article examines the similarities in a variety of published models for the design or problem-solving process including those implicitly described in the development of the National Curriculum for Design and Technology in England and Wales. It finds a surprising consensus of opinion among authors but suggests that there is little research evidence to support their claims.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of technology and design education 8 (1998), S. 167-184 
    ISSN: 1573-1804
    Keywords: cognitive models ; design process ; technological literacy ; technological primitives ; technological-problem-solving
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Art History , Education , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Technology education has undergone extraordinary changes in the last decade. Educators and educational policy makers have become aware of the importance of technology in the basic formation of today's educated person. At the same time rapid and continuous change in technology itself poses serious challenges in regards education and training in this field. Thus technology related contents, skills and teaching strategies for all specialization levels are being reconsidered and redefined for educating both the technologically literate person and the expert practitioner. In an attempt to examine the learning process of technological problem solving (TPS), we suggest and define an appropriate conceptual framework, encompassing all components of the process, i.e., knowledge, skills, and cognitive models. First the background to our proposal is presented, followed by the description of the two main components of the model: the Learning Space and the Technological Primitives repertoire.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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