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  • Species Specificity  (33)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (33)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • 1975-1979  (33)
  • 1940-1944
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (33)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
Years
Year
  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Vascular casts of the pituitary gland have demonstrated a paucity of veins extending from the adenohypophysis to the systemic circulation and have suggested that some adenohypophyseal venous blood returns to the neurohypophysis. The neurohypophyseal capillary bed may function as a vascular switch and in this article a series of 14 questions are proposed regarding the vascular dynamics of the pituitary. Together these questions raise the larger question, namely, whether pituitary hormones are transported directly to the brain to modify brain function?〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R M -- Page, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):18-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis/anatomy & histology ; Capillaries/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Dogs ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/blood supply ; Pituitary Gland/*blood supply ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/blood supply ; Rats ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: In the past two decades, biochemistry and molecular biology have demonstrated the existence of potentially exploitable biochemical differences between etiologic agents of disease and their hosts. Known differences between organism and host with respect to metabolism and polymer structure point to the detailed characterization of key proteins as the focus for the development of potential inhibitors. In the last decade, the methodology of the isolation, characterization, and inactivation of proteins and enzymes has been advanced. The present scientific and technological base suggests that new efforts toward the development of selective chemotherapeutic agents for infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and higher eukaryotes should exploit the known differences in proteins or other specific biopolymers serving crucial structural or metabolic roles in the economy of the parasite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):964-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anti-Bacterial Agents ; *Antiviral Agents ; Communicable Diseases/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Mycobacterium leprae/metabolism ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Trypanosomiasis/drug therapy ; Vidarabine/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis ; Virus Replication/drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Radioimmunoassay and chromatography analyses of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) have demonstrated the presence of LHRH-like immunoreactive peptides in a wide range of vertebrates. Contrary to previous reports, the molecule differs in various vertebrates. Avian, reptilian, and teleostean LHRH's are chemically distinct from the mammalian peptide but are in themselves indistinguishable. However, amphibian LHRH appears to be identical to the mammalian peptide. These findings have interesting evolutionary implications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, J A -- Millar, R P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):67-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/384514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromatography ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*analysis/immunology ; Hypothalamus/analysis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Occluding junctions have been found between the lateral cell borders at the base of the rectum of Periplaneta americana. They appear as punctate membrane appositions in thin sections, and after incubation in physiological solutions containing lanthanum before fixation the inward penetration of tracer is impeded in this same basal area. Moreover, freeze-fracture studies of this region reveal simple linear ridges on fracture face P and grooves on fracture face E, which are similar to the less complex vertebrate tight junctions. The luminal clefts, which permit free inward diffusion of tracers, present no tight junctions, but do have septate junctions. These results support the contention that, contrary to earlier speculation, arthropods do possess tight junctions; these, rather than septate junctions, appear to form the morphological basis of at least some of the permeability barriers observed in invertebrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lane, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):91-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cockroaches/*ultrastructure ; Epithelium/physiology/ultrastructure ; Freeze Fracturing ; Intercellular Junctions/*ultrastructure ; Periplaneta/*ultrastructure ; Rectum/physiology/ultrastructure ; Species Specificity ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, H O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):455-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Base Sequence ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/*metabolism ; DNA, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Haemophilus influenzae/enzymology ; Species Specificity ; Substrate Specificity
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: Monkeys of four species were trained to discriminate between sets of natural tonal calls of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) by the position of a frequency-inflection peak or by initial pitch. The Japanese macaques consistently performed best on peak position and the other species on pitch. The results imply special strategies for perceptional processing of vocal sounds and suggest parallels with human speech perception.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zoloth, S R -- Petersen, M R -- Beecher, M D -- Green, S -- Marler, P -- Moody, D B -- Stebbins, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):870-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/108805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: The contrast sensitivity of the rhesus monkey was tested, according to a modified reaction-time paradigm, for sine-wave grating targets at different orientations. The monkey possesses an oblique effect slightly larger than that of humans. A reaction time analysis showed the oblique effect to be a suprathreshold as well as a threshold phenomenon. The presence of this effect further strengthens the use of the monkey as a model for the human visual system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boltz, R L -- Harwerth, R S -- Smith, E L 3rd -- R01 EY001139/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):511-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Species Specificity ; *Visual Perception
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1979-03-23
    Description: Morphological, karyological, and allozyme analyses indicate that the parthenogenetic lizards Cnemidophorus neomexicanus and diploid C. tesselatus are hybrids formed, respectively, by crosses involving the bisexual species C. tigris and C. inornatus, and C. tigris and C. septemvittatus. Mitochondrial DNA, which is inherited maternally, was obtained from each of these species. Analyses of the mitochondrial DNA's and their restriction endonuclease digestion products by electron microscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis support the hybridization hypothesis by indicating that C. tigris (specifically the subspecies marmoratus) was the maternal parent species for both C. neomexicanus and C. tesselatus. Furthermore, these data imply that these two parthenogenetic species are younger than some races of C. tigris.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, W M -- Wright, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 23;203(4386):1247-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424751" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Lizards/*genetics ; *Parthenogenesis ; Reproduction ; Species Specificity
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: The channels in the junctions of various mammalian cell types--primary cultures and lines--were probed with a series of linear fluorescent amino acid and peptide molecules of different size and charge. Permeability is limited by probe size and electronegativity, these two factors apparently being related reciprocally. In respect to both factors, mammalian junctional channels are more restrictive than insect channels; hence the mammalian channels are narrower, more polar, or both. The channels of the various mammalian cell types differed slightly from each other; in some types the serum of the culture medium affected the channel permeability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flagg-Newton, J -- Simpson, I -- Loewenstein, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):404-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; *Cell Membrane Permeability ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Kidney ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Species Specificity
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Shark mitochondrial respiration was studied in media with osmolalities between 160 and 1500 milliosmoles. The respiratory control ratio, a marker for functional integrity of the isolated mitochondria, was maximal at 1000 millismoles and decreased during hypotonic or hypertonic exposure. Shark mitochondria function best at their native tonicity, a value that produces abnormal function in mammalian mitochondria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewiston, N -- Newman, A -- Robin, E -- Holtzman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):75-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Mitochondria, Heart/*metabolism ; Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism ; *Osmolar Concentration ; *Oxygen Consumption ; Rats ; Sharks/*metabolism ; Species Specificity
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: The RNA polymerase binding sites on the DNA of (i) the aroE-trkA-spc segment of the Escherichia coli genome, (ii) transposon Tn3, (iii) plasmid ColE1, and (iv) coliphage lambda were mapped by electron microscopy, with the use of the BAC technique; these maps were compared with the maps of the early-melting regions for the same genomes. The results indicate that in all these cases the binding sites for the E. coli RNA polymerase lie preferentially in the early melting regions of DNA. These data indicate that helix stability may be an important feature of the multipartite nature of the promoter structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vollenweider, H J -- Fiandt, M -- Szybalski, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):508-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *DNA, Bacterial ; *DNA, Viral ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*metabolism ; Drug Stability ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; *Genes ; Microscopy, Electron ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Plasmids ; Protein Binding ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 1979-02-09
    Description: The possibility of immunizing human infants against rotaviruses, which cause severe dehydrating diarrheal disease, may depend on the use of a related rotavirus, derived from another animal species, as a source of antigen. To test the feasibility of this approach, calves were infected in utero with a bovine rotavirus and challenged with bovine or human type 2 rotavirus shortly after birth. Infection in utero with bovine rotavirus induced resistance to diarrheal disease caused by the human virus as well as the homologous bovine virus. These data suggest that the bovine virus is sufficiently related antigenically to the human type 2 virus to warrant further evaluation of the former as a source of vaccine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wyatt, R G -- Mebus, C A -- Yolken, R H -- Kalica, A R -- James, H D Jr -- Kapikian, A Z -- Chanock, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 9;203(4380):548-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/216077" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/immunology ; Cattle ; Cross Reactions ; Diarrhea, Infantile/prevention & control ; Germ-Free Life ; Humans ; Immunization ; RNA Viruses/*immunology ; Rotavirus/*immunology ; Species Specificity ; Viral Vaccines/immunology ; Virus Diseases/*prevention & control
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-12-07
    Description: The sex of hatchling map turtles is determined by incubation temperature of eggs in the laboratory as well as in nature. Temperature controls sex differentiation rather than causing a differential mortality of sexes. Temperature has no effect on sex determination in a soft-shelled turtle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bull, J J -- Vogt, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 7;206(4423):1186-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Genotype ; Male ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; Species Specificity ; Temperature ; Turtles/*physiology
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reitz, R H -- Quast, J F -- Watanabe, P G -- Gehring, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1206-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotransformation ; *Carcinogens ; Humans ; Risk ; Species Specificity ; Vinyl Chloride/metabolism
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  • 15
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: C-banding, G-banding, and silver (Ag-AS) staining techniques reveal a distinctive sex chromosome system in the turtle Staurotypus salvinii. Unlike previously described systems in most other vertebrate groups in which the Y or W is derived and the homogametic sex represents the primitive condition, the reverse is true for S. salvinii. The X chromosome is derived; thus the homogametic sex (female) is more derived than the heterogametic sex. The male is intermediate between the female and the ancestral condition observed in other turtle species. Staurotypus does not confirm to the general model of sex chromosome evolution for diploid dioecious organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sites, J W Jr -- Bickham, J W -- Haiduk, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1410-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/92052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Female ; Sex Chromosomes/*ultrastructure ; Silver ; Species Specificity ; Staining and Labeling ; Turtles/*anatomy & histology ; X Chromosome/*ultrastructure
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  • 16
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Although the pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) is more similar to man than is the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) in some traits, the resemblance is due primarily to the smaller size and concomitant allometric generalization of the former. The two species of chimpanzees are equally good models for the common ancestry of African apes and man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Corruccini, R S -- McHenry, H M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1341-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451545" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropometry ; Biometry ; Humans ; Pan troglodytes/*anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Species Specificity
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: Cholecystokinin octapeptide decreased food intake in a dose-related manner when injected continuously into the lateral cerebral ventricles of sheep that had been deprived of food for 2, 4, 8, or 24 hours. In sheep deprived of food for 2 hours, as little as 0.01 picomole per minute suppressed feeding 35 percent 1 hour after beginning injection. Pentagastrin also decreased feeding in the 2-hour group, but only at a much higher dose range. Secretin had no effect. These findings support the hypothesis that cholecystokinin octapeptide acts on central nervous system structures that are involved in control of food intake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Della-Fera, M A -- Baile, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):471-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/drug effects ; Cholecystokinin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Depression, Chemical ; Feeding Behavior/*drug effects ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Pentagastrin/pharmacology ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Rats ; Secretin/pharmacology ; Sheep ; Species Specificity
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: Echolocating bats use different information-gathering strategies for hunting prey in open, uncluttered environments, in relatively open environments with some obstacles, and in densely cluttered environments. These situations differ in the extent to which individual targets such as flying insects can be detected as isolated objects or must be separated perceptually from backgrounds. Echolocating bats also differ in whether they use high-resolution, multidimensional images of targets or concentrate specifically on one particular target dimension, such as movement, to detect prey.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simmons, J A -- Fenton, M B -- O'Farrell, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):16-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/758674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chiroptera/*physiology ; Echolocation/*physiology ; Environment ; Orientation/*physiology ; Predatory Behavior/physiology ; Species Specificity ; Ultrasonics
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Throbin-activated human platelets cause agglutination of trypsinized, formalinized bovine erythrocytes. This lectin activity of stimulated platelets was blocked by galactosamine, glucosamine, mannosamine, lysine, and arginine, but not by N-acetylated sugars, other neutral sugars, or other amino acids. Inhibitors of the thrombin-induced lectin activity also blocked thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. It appears that a membrane surface component that has lectin activity mediates platelet aggregation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gartner, T K -- Williams, D C -- Minion, F C -- Phillips, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1281-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agglutinins ; Amino Acids/pharmacology ; Amino Sugars/pharmacology ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cytochalasin B/pharmacology ; *Hemagglutinins ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/blood ; Platelet Aggregation/*drug effects ; Prostaglandins E/pharmacology ; Species Specificity ; Thrombin/*pharmacology
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  • 20
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Comparative analyses of behavior have an underappreciated potential for revealing the role of ethoecological factors in the origins of higher taxa. Twenty-seven species (13 genera) in the advanced family Colubridae exhibited 19 patterns of coil application; one or two patterns were usually consistent within a genus. Forty-eight species (26 genera) in the primitive families Acrochordidae, Aniliidae, Boidae, and Xenopeltidae usually used a single pattern, despite differences in age, size, shape, habitat, and diet. This implies the shared retention of an action pattern used by their common ancestor no later than the early Paleocene. Constriction must have been used as a prey-killing tactic very early in the history of snakes and might have been a behavioral "key innovation" in the evolution of their unusual jaw mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greene, H W -- Burghardt, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):74-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Predatory Behavior/physiology ; Snakes/*physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 21
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 27;202(4366):390-402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/212832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endorphins/*history/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification ; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification ; History, 20th Century ; Hypothalamic Hormones/*history/pharmacology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/*physiology ; *Neurosecretion ; Sheep ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Synaptic Transmission ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification/physiology
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: The gymnotoid electric fish Hypopomus artedi discriminates between electric stimulus pulses with identical spectral amplitudes but different spectral phase functions. Behavioral results can be explained on the assumption that electroreception is based on a linear filter, approximately matched to the species' electric organ discharge. The impulse response of the appropriate matched filter, in fact, resembles the known impulse response of the electroreceptors involved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heiligenberg, W -- Altes, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):1001-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622577" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Electric Organ/*physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrophysiology ; Fishes/*physiology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/*physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 23
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Retinal growth in young Sebastes diploproa involves the succession of three distinct cone patterns. Development of the final pattern with the loss of single cones occurs in close temporal association with a permanent migration from the surface to deep water. The results suggest that loss of single cones depends upon the change in environment and that the loss occurs through fusion to double elements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boehlert, G W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):309-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Environment ; Fishes/*physiology ; Light ; Photoreceptor Cells/*physiology ; Retina/ultrastructure ; Species Specificity ; Trout/physiology
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  • 24
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-09-29
    Description: Honey bees were trained in two consecutive two-dimensional (color-position) problems with one dimension (color or position) relevant and the other irrelevant in each problem. As in analogous experiments on dimensional transfer in rats and monkeys, performance in the second problem was more accurate when the relevant and irrelevant dimensions were the same as in the first problem than when they were interchanged. The results of further experiments suggest that the transfer is mediated by different modes of responding that develop in color and position problems rather than by some special process of dimensional selection, such as has been assumed to operate in vertebrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klosterhalfen, S -- Fischer, W -- Bitterman, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 29;201(4362):1241-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Attention/*physiology ; Bees/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Color Perception ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Five Japanese macaques and five other Old World monkeys were trained to discriminate among field-recorded Japanese macaque vocalizations. One task required discrimination of a communicatively relevant acoustic feature ("peak"), and a second required discrimination of an orthogonal feature of the same vocalizations ("pitch"). The Japanese animals more proficiently discriminated the peak feature when stimuli were presented to the right ear (primarily left cerebral hemisphere), as opposed to the left ear (primarily right hemisphere). In discriminating the pitch feature, the Japanese animals either showed (i) a left-ear processing advantage or (ii) no ear advantage. The comparison animals, with one exception, showed no ear advantage in processing either feature of the vocalizations. The results suggest that Japanese macaques engage left-hemisphere processors for the analysis of communicatively significant sounds that are analogous to the lateralized mechanisms used by humans listening to speech.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Petersen, M R -- Beecher, M D -- Zoloth, S R -- Moody, D B -- Stebbins, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):324-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/99817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Discrimination Learning/physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Male ; Species Specificity ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
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  • 26
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: The idea of four primary tastes has influenced our concept of the gustatory world of all animals. It has also been the basis for constructing theories of gustatory neural integration. Since natural chemical stimuli are complex mixtures to which responses are multineuronal, difficult questions about integration arise. Answers are usually framed in terms of "labeled line" or "across-fiber" hypotheses. Comparative studies of vertebrate and invertebrate taste reveal in all receptors universal basic parameters that bear on the controversy. Comparative studies also place in more accurate perspective diverse chemically related ecologies and behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dethier, V G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):224-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Brain/physiology ; Humans ; Species Specificity ; Taste/*physiology ; Taste Buds/*physiology ; Taste Threshold/physiology
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 1978-08-04
    Description: HIX virus cloned from Moloney leukemia virus stocks is a nondefective, leukemogenic, and amphotropic murine oncornavirus with a recombinant-type major glycoprotein. Although Moloney leukemia virus stocks generally contain little or no free amphotropic virus, dilution analysis of several virus stocks and the examination of virus progeny from individual foci revealed that HIX virus is present and functionally coated with ecotropic Moloney virus envelopes. Because most mice have serum factors that inactivate recombinant viruses, masking may represent a general survival mechanism for HIX as well as other analogous recombinant viruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fischinger, P J -- Blevins, C S -- Dunlop, N M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 4;201(4354):457-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663667" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Genes, Viral ; Glycoproteins/immunology ; Leukemia, Experimental/*microbiology ; Lymphoma/*microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/microbiology ; Mice, Inbred Strains/microbiology ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/classification/*genetics/immunology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Species Specificity ; Viral Proteins/immunology
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  • 28
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: The collagens of all major invertebrate phyla have been studied, but characterization has been thorough in only a few classes and in no case in the detail (such as sequence analysis) known for vertebrate collagen. Biochemical data on insect collagen are particularly sparse. Invertebrate and vertebrate collagens are strikingly similar, with some notably unique features in annelids and nematodes. Present data do not support the suggestion that invertebrate collagens resemble vertebrate basement membrane collagen. In invertebrates, as in vertebrates, collagens of specific tissues show differenes that probably reflect individual tissue requirements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adams, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):591-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/212833" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Carbohydrates/analysis ; Collagen/*analysis ; Glycoproteins/analysis ; Invertebrates/*analysis/enzymology ; Macromolecular Substances ; Molecular Weight ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase/metabolism ; Species Specificity
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: Thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) show exquisite specificity in recognition of antigens, but the nature of the cell surface receptor is controversial. Although antigen recognition mediated by immunoglobulin variable (V) regions remains the minimal hypothesis, it has been extremely difficult to definitely establish the presence of immunoglobulins on these cells. Chicken antibodies, produced against the (Fab')2fragment of mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) and purified by binding to and elution from IgG-Sepharose 4B, bind to an endogenously synthesized surface component of guinea pig T cells. The binding occurred via a cross-reaction with murine k chain and a heavy chain determinant localized in the Fd region, and was visualized by immunofluorescence and immunoelectronmicroscopy using both transmission and scanning techniques. These data provide direct evidence for the presence of a surface component related to immunoglobulin on T lymphocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marchalonis, J J -- Bucana, C -- Hoyer, L -- Warr, G W -- Hanna, M G Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):433-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/74094" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cross Reactions ; Epitopes ; Guinea Pigs ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunologic Techniques ; Mice ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/*analysis ; Rosette Formation ; Species Specificity ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Thymus Gland/immunology
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  • 30
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Radinsky, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1182-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653364" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Serum Albumin/*genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: The amino acid structure for the Fc portion of a canine immunoglobulin mu chain was determined. The sequence was compared with those of two human mu chains, and a high degree of interspecies homology was observed. The preservation of primary structure between species is probably reflective of the unique functions associated with the immunoglobulin M class.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wasserman, R L -- Capra, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1159-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653360" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Dogs ; Humans ; *Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ; *Immunoglobulin M ; Species Specificity
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: The muscle-type (M4) lactate dehydrogenases of Sebastolobus altivelis, a deep-water scorpaenid, and S. alascanus, a shallower species, are electrophoretically indistinguishable, yet differ in pressure sensitivities. The lactate dehydrogenase of S. altivelis exhibits lower pressure sensitivities of substrate and coenzyme binding and catalytic rate. Such apparently pressure-adaptive kinetic properties may be important for establishing species depth zonation patterns in the ocean.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siebenaller, J -- Somero, G N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):255-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Fishes/*physiology ; *Hydrostatic Pressure ; Isoenzymes ; Kinetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/*metabolism ; Muscles/enzymology ; NAD/metabolism ; *Pressure ; Pyruvates/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Temperature
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  • 33
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Aflatoxicol, a carcinogenic metabolite of the foodborne carcinogen aflatoxin B1 previously known only as a bioreduction product in vitro, was identified as the major aflatoxin metabolite in the plasma of Sprague-Dawley rats, a susceptible species, that had been doses orally or intravenously with aflatoxin B1 labeled with carbon-14. Alfatoxicol, however, was not detected in the plasma of similarly dosed mice and monkeys, which are both resistant to aflatoxin B1-induced cardinogenesis. The formation of aflatoxicol both in vitro and in vivo may be an indicatory of species sensitivity to aflatoxin-induced carcinogenesis and may be useful in the prediction of human susceptibility.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong, Z A -- Hsieh, D P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aflatoxins/*blood/metabolism ; Animals ; Biotransformation ; Blood Proteins/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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