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  • Governance
  • ddc:330
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • English  (529)
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  • 1
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    New Trends and Challenges in Open Data  (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Data is often open to all users and sharers. Governments provide data on publicly available websites and this data may pertain to specific regions or be aggregate data on national or international issues. Data that is in the public domain but not in a machine-readable format is considered public data and may only be accessible via a right-of-access request. Maintaining accuracy and management is a major obstacle when it comes to data systems and solutions. Data governance describes the rules, procedures, and responsibilities that outline the data's acquisition, storage, retrieval and use. Data security and privacy refer to safeguards put in place to protect information from being seen, copied, distributed, altered, or destroyed without permission. Data integration and interoperability involve combining and exchanging data from many sources, systems, and formats, as well as facilitating data sharing and collaboration across various platforms, apps, and organizations. Defining data standards, implementing data quality checks, assigning data ownership and responsibility, and monitoring data performance and utilization are all important steps toward resolving the data quality problem. This book contains two sections. “Trends and Challenges of Open Data” and “Case Studies”. Each section contains three chapters.
    Keywords: Open Data ; Social Network ; Public ; Economy ; GDP ; Crisis ; Public Repository ; Governance ; Management ; Health ; Healthcare Records ; Supply Chain ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNH Information retrieval
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy 2022 (2024)
    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-14
    Description: This open access book presents an important discussion on the interface between sustainable soil management and climate mitigation and adaptation. It investigates a variety of aspects in this context, such as the political and societal consequences for countries in the Global South, an assessment of the outcomes of the UNFCCC Conference of Parties held in Glasgow, appropriate legal instruments to promote desealing, regulatory concepts for negative emissions in soil and land use, the debate in Europe on carbon uptake in soils and the climate-related policy of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Lastly, it provides information on recent court rulings on climate mitigation in Germany and Australia and their relevance for sustainable soil management. This sixth volume of the International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy is divided into four parts, the first of which deals with various aspects of the theme “Climate Mitigation and Adaptation and Sustainable Soil Management.”The second part covers recent international developments, the third presents regional and national reports, and the fourth discusses overarching issues. Given the range of key topics covered, the book offers an indispensable tool for all academics, legislators and policymakers working in this field. The “International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy” series discusses central questions in law and politics with regard to the protection and sustainable management of soil and land – at the international, national, and regional level.
    Keywords: Land Degradation ; Neutrality ; Sustainable Management ; Climate Adaptation ; Soil ; Governance ; Climate Mitigation ; UNFCCC ; CBD ; Sustainability ; Climate Change ; Emissions ; Climate Policy ; Climate Litigation ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBP International environmental law ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TV Agriculture & farming::TVB Agricultural science ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPV Political control & freedoms::JPVH Human rights ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology & climatology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    The Future of India's Social Safety Nets (2024)
    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: India has learned what to do and what not to do when it comes to implementing policy to address human suffering. The COVID-19 pandemic unified the international response in similar ways, and the world has a lot to learn about key initiatives in India that have been implemented since India's independence. This open-access book includes key learnings about the conceptualization, design, and impact of social welfare programs in India spanning more than a 75-year period. The Future of India's Social Safety Nets provides a comprehensive analysis of these systems by combining insights from a wealth of interdisciplinary scholarship on social protection, economic development, and social policy. It covers India’s social development in terms of three essential aspects of policy design: focus (intended beneficiaries), form (transfer modalities), and scope (developmental objectives). Highlighting the developmental achievements and shortcomings of the myriad of social welfare schemes, this book proposes a framework to foster human resilience through social protection. This is an open-access book.
    Keywords: Social Safety Nets ; Indian Welfare Safe ; Food Policy in India ; Political Economy ; Governance ; Development Economics ; Health Care ; Poverty ; Public Distribution System (PDS) ; Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVB Agricultural science ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics and emerging economies ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Transdisciplinary Research, Sustainability, and Social Transformation (2024)
    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This book addresses the gap in the existing literature on the governance of transdisciplinary research partnerships in transformational sustainability research by exploring the governance of knowledge co-production in coupled socio-ecological system dynamics. Multiple social and ecological crises raise new cross-sectoral research questions that call for an evolution in contemporary science in the direction of society-wide knowledge co-production on sustainability transformations of interdependent social and ecological systems. This book proposes a new approach to this based on enabling capacities for collaboration among scientific researchers and societal actors with diverse values, perspectives, and research interests. By drawing upon the thriving literature on the conditions for community and multistakeholder-driven collective action, the analysis sheds new light on the governance arrangements for organizing so-called transdisciplinary research partnerships for sustainability. This book identifies robust conditions that lead to effective collaborative research with societal actors and digs deeper into capacity building for partnership research through fostering social learning on sustainability values among research partners and organizing training and knowledge exchange at institutions of higher education. The book proposes solutions for addressing collective action challenges in transdisciplinary partnerships in an accessible and broadly interdisciplinary manner to a large audience of sustainability scholars and practitioners. It will be of interest to students and researchers in the fields of sustainable development, social ecological transitions, and science policy, while also being a useful resource for engineers, QSE managers, and policymakers.
    Keywords: Transdisciplinary ; Transdisciplinary research ; Sustainability ; Sustainable development ; Sustainability transformations ; Knowledge co-production ; Governance ; Sustainability transitions ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTP Development studies ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    The Business of Densification (2024)
    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-16
    Description: Affordable housing shortage and social exclusion have become severe societal problems across the globe. Increasing numbers of people are suffering from social eviction and displacement due to urban densification, modernization, rising rents, and intense housing commodification. Vulnerable resident groups – such as old-aged or households with children – who often live in old housing stocks planned to be densified, renovated, or upgraded with higher rents, are forced to leave the urban core centers because they can no longer afford to live in central locations, or because they experience unstable or insecure housing conditions. A scenario that is highly unsustainable. So far, studies on densification have mainly considered the process as technological, architectural, or design-based problem (e.g., Kyttä et al., 2013; Broitman & Koomen, 2015; Bibby et al., 2018). However, systematic knowledge on how to implement densification objectives sustainably – regarding economic, environmental, and social aspects – is still lacking. This book tackles this gap by analyzing densification from a governance perspective. Its point of departure is that densification per se does not necessarily lead to sustainable outcomes in terms of social inclusion, cohesion, or community stability. Rather, it politicizes densification by neglecting how the process is planned, implemented, and governed by the actors involved. The book applies an actors-centered neoinstitutionalist political ecology approach to reveal the specific objectives and strategies of actors involved, as well as the socio-political structures (i.e. rules. laws, and policies) that govern densification. Four Swiss in-depth empirical qualitative case studies (Zürich, Basel, Köniz, and Kloten) illustrate the political and legal conditions for success or failure for (un)sustainable implementations of densification. Ultimately, this book advises stakeholders, governments, urban practitioners, and academics on more effective, community-oriented, collective, and decommodified forms of governance to respond to the needs of the public at large rather than simply catering to private individuals and firms. Such governance initiatives entail active municipal land policy approaches outside a purely market-based investment logic that not only limit, but also work with property rights. This is an open access book.
    Keywords: Densification ; Gentrification ; Social exclusion ; Decommodification ; Governance ; Affordable housing ; Active land policy ; sustainable housing ; urban densification ; housing commodification ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPP Public administration ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability
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  • 6
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    Reaching net-zero in the chemical industry : a study of roadmaps for industrial decarbonisation (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Striving to mitigate climate change, the European Union has adopted net-zero greenhouse gas emissions as a target for 2050. In this paper, European chemical industry roadmaps from the past six years are assessed and compared to uncover how the industry envisions its role in the transition to net-zero emissions. The roadmaps are assessed in terms of ambition level, technology and feedstock strategies, investment needs and costs, agency and dependency on other actors, as well as timeline and concretion. Although net-zero pathways are often drawn out in the roadmaps, some also choose to emphasize and argue for less ambitious pathways with emission reductions of only 40-60 %. The roadmaps vary widely in terms of the importance they assign to mechanical and chemical recycling, switching to biogenic carbon and carbon dioxide as feedstock, electrification and hydrogen, and carbon capture and storage. A commonality though, is that low-tech or near-term mitigation pathways such as demand reduction, reuse or material efficiency are seldom included. High investment needs are generally highlighted, as well as the need for policy to create enabling conditions, whereas the agency and responsibility of the chemical industry itself is downplayed. Our analysis highlights that the chemical industry does not yet have a strong and shared vision for pathways to net-zero emissions. We conclude that such a future vision would benefit from taking a whole value chain approach including demand-side options and consideration of scope 3 emissions.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Structural analysis of petrochemical clusters in Germany : what can be learned for the transformation towards climate-neutrality? (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: The petrochemical industry is among the most relevant sectors from an economic, energetic and climate policy perspective. In Western Europe, production occurs in local chemical parks that form strongly connected and densely integrated regional clusters. This paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the petrochemical system in Germany and investigates three particularly distinct clusters regarding their challenges and chances for a transition towards climate-neutrality. For this, feedstock and energy supply, product portfolios and process integration as well as existing transformation activities are examined. We find that depending on their distinct network characteristics and location, unique and complex strategies are to be mastered for every cluster. Despite the many activities underway, none of them seems to have a strategic network to co-create a tailored defossilization strategy for the cluster - which is the core recommendation of this paper to develop.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Avoid, shift or improve passenger transport? : Impacts on the energy system (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Demand-side mitigation strategies have been gaining momentum in climate change mitigation research. Still, the impact of different approaches in passenger transport, one of the largest energy demand sectors, remains unclear. We couple a transport simulation model to an energy system optimisation model, both highly disintegrated in order to compare those impacts. Our scenarios are created for the case of Germany in an interdisciplinary, qualitative-quantitative research design, going beyond techno-economic assumptions, and cover Avoid, Shift, and Improve strategies, as well as their combination. The results show that sufficiency - Avoid and Shift strategies - have the same impact as the improvement of propulsion technologies (i.e. efficiency), which is reduction of generation capacities by one quarter. This lowers energy system transformation cost accordingly, but requires different kinds of investments: Sufficiency measures require public investment for high-quality public services, while efficiency measures require individuals to purchase more expensive vehicles at their own cost. These results raise socio-political questions of system design and well-being. However, all strategies are required to unleash the full potential of climate change mitigation.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Territorial Governance and Environmental Protection (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-14
    Description: As Cappadocia University, we are very much honored to publish this important contribution to the literature. The author, Professor Ruşen Keleş is the leading academician and intellectual of our country who raised generations of public administrators. This volume collected his articles written in English and is the only major source through which English-speaking readers can reach this rich collection. This field of urban, environment and local government has been a major topic throughout the last 200 years of Turkish modernization efforts. As the urbanization rapidly continues it will stay as important as it was in the past. The book will serve as a rich resource for academics and students working in these academic fields, as it contains theoretical and practical reviews on many main topics.
    Description: Published
    Description: As Cappadocia University, we are very much honored to publish this important contribution to the literature. The author, Professor Ruşen Keleş is the leading academician and intellectual of our country who raised generations of public administrators. This volume collected his articles written in English and is the only major source through which English-speaking readers can reach this rich collection. This field of urban, environment and local government has been a major topic throughout the last 200 years of Turkish modernization efforts. As the urbanization rapidly continues it will stay as important as it was in the past. The book will serve as a rich resource for academics and students working in these academic fields, as it contains theoretical and practical reviews on many main topics.
    Keywords: Environmental politics ; Urbanization ; Governance ; Urban sprawl ; Turkey ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Discursive Approaches to Politics in Malaysia (2023)
    Springer Nature | Springer Nature Singapore
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This open access book examines Malaysian politics using a linguistic perspective. It explores how language serves to (de)legitimise governance, and its subsequent policies and activities in Malaysia. Grounded in discourse studies, this edited volume presents research on the discourses produced by and on Barisan Nasional, Pakatan Harapan and Perikatan Nasional from 2008 to 2020, studying how political actors (de)legitimise their governance through discursive means. The thirteen original chapters select spoken, print and digital texts in English, Malay, Mandarin and Tamil, and deploy varied theoretical and methodological approaches. Their linguistic analysis unearths the language features and strategies that facilitate (de)legitimation. It shows how political actors shape the discursive representation and evaluation of multiple concerns in Malaysia. Consequently, Discursive Approaches to Politics in Malaysia: Legitimising Governance improves our understanding of contemporary Malaysian political discourse. It is of interest to graduates and researchers in the field of discourse studies, seeking to understand the discursive contours of politics in this developing Asian country. ; This open access book examines Malaysian politics using a linguistic perspective. It explores how language serves to (de)legitimise governance, and its subsequent policies and activities in Malaysia. Grounded in discourse studies, this edited volume presents research on the discourses produced by and on Barisan Nasional, Pakatan Harapan and Perikatan Nasional from 2008 to 2020, studying how political actors (de)legitimise their governance through discursive means. The thirteen original chapters select spoken, print and digital texts in English, Malay, Mandarin and Tamil, and deploy varied theoretical and methodological approaches. Their linguistic analysis unearths the language features and strategies that facilitate (de)legitimation. It shows how political actors shape the discursive representation and evaluation of multiple concerns in Malaysia. Consequently, Discursive Approaches to Politics in Malaysia: Legitimising Governance improves our understanding of contemporary Malaysian political discourse. It is of interest to graduates and researchers in the field of discourse studies, seeking to understand the discursive contours of politics in this developing Asian country.
    Keywords: Politics in Malaysia ; Media in Malaysia ; Discourse Studies ; Political Discourse ; Language of Politics ; Legitimacy ; Governance ; Barisan Nasional ; Pakatan Harapan ; Perikatan Nasional ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPA Political science & theory ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Territorial Governance and Environmental Protection (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-14
    Description: As Cappadocia University, we are very much honored to publish this important contribution to the literature. The author, Professor Ruşen Keleş is the leading academician and intellectual of our country who raised generations of public administrators. This volume collected his articles written in English and is the only major source through which English-speaking readers can reach this rich collection. This field of urban, environment and local government has been a major topic throughout the last 200 years of Turkish modernization efforts. As the urbanization rapidly continues it will stay as important as it was in the past. The book will serve as a rich resource for academics and students working in these academic fields, as it contains theoretical and practical reviews on many main topics.
    Description: Published
    Description: As Cappadocia University, we are very much honored to publish this important contribution to the literature. The author, Professor Ruşen Keleş is the leading academician and intellectual of our country who raised generations of public administrators. This volume collected his articles written in English and is the only major source through which English-speaking readers can reach this rich collection. This field of urban, environment and local government has been a major topic throughout the last 200 years of Turkish modernization efforts. As the urbanization rapidly continues it will stay as important as it was in the past. The book will serve as a rich resource for academics and students working in these academic fields, as it contains theoretical and practical reviews on many main topics.
    Keywords: Environmental politics ; Urbanization ; Governance ; Urban sprawl ; Turkey ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Chapter Towards data activation and engagement within a Smart City (2023)
    Academia Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Architecture
    Keywords: Smart Cities ; Citizen Participation ; Engagement ; Governance ; City Futures ; Internet of Things ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Policy Evaluation in the Era of COVID-19 (2023)
    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Did evaluation meet the challenges of the COVID-19 crisis? How were evaluation practices, architectures, and values affected? Policy Evaluation in the Era of COVID-19 is the first to offer a broad canvas that explores government responses and ideas to tackle the challenges that evaluation practice faces in preparing for the next global crisis. Practitioners and established academic experts in the field of policy evaluation present a sophisticated synthesis of institutional, national, and disciplinary perspectives, with insights drawn from developments in Australia, Canada and the UK, as well as the UN. Contributors examine the impacts of evaluation on socioeconomic recovery planning, government innovations in pivoting internal operations to address the crisis, and the role of parliamentary and audit institutions during the pandemic. Chapters also example the Sustainable Development Goals, and the inadequacy of human rights-based approaches in evaluation, while examining the imperative proposed by some authors that it is time that we take seriously the call for substantial transformation. Written in a clear and accessible style, Policy Evaluation in the Era of COVID-19 offers a much-needed insight on the role evaluation played during this unique and critical juncture in history.
    Keywords: Covid-19 ; Evaluation ; Governance ; Government ; Pandemic ; Public Policy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Sensing Collectives (2023)
    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Are aesthetics and politics really two different things? The book takes a new look at how they intertwine, by turning from theory to practice. Case studies trace how sensory experiences are created and how collective interests are shaped. They investigate how aesthetics and politics are entangled, both in building and disrupting collective orders, in governance and innovation. This ranges from populist rallies and artistic activism over alternative lifestyles and consumer culture to corporate PR and governmental policies. Authors are academics and artists. The result is a new mapping of the intermingling and co-constitution of aesthetics and politics in engagements with collective orders.
    Keywords: Aesthetics ; Senses ; Politics ; Governance ; Innovation ; Practices ; Society ; Sociology of Culture ; Political Sociology ; Political Theory ; Cultural Theory ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory
    Language: English
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    Chapter Learning in Cities to Create Sustainable Societies (2023)
    Firenze University Press | Re-thinking Adult Education Research. Beyond the Pandemic
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Cities play a leading role in addressing many of the global challenges of the 21st century. They are an important part of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, which assigns them multiple tasks. Cities should be committed to reducing the ecological footprint and to creating solutions that respond in a differentiated way to the challenges and opportunities in different areas of the world. The sustainable development strategies of cities have determined the definition of different urban models, focused on the need to offer citizens well-being and innovation. This contribution presents the model of learning cities (LC), cities that put learning and education at the heart of their strategies. The paper identifies some of the possible strategies to make cities more responsive to the learning needs arising from the recent pandemic crisis.
    Keywords: City ; COVID-19 ; Governance ; Learning ; Sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences
    Language: English
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    Foreign Aid and Its Unintended Consequences (2023)
    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Foreign aid and international development frequently bring with it a range of unintended consequences, both negative and positive. This book delves into these consequences, providing a fresh and comprehensive guide to understanding and addressing them. The book starts by laying out a theoretical framework based on complexity thinking, before going on to explore the ten most prevalent kinds of unintended effects of foreign aid: backlash effects, conflict effects, migration and resettlement effects, price effects, marginalization effects, behavioural effects, negative spillover effects, governance effects, environmental effects, and ripple effects. Each chapter revolves around a set of concrete case studies, analysing the mechanisms underpinning the unintended effects and proposing ways in which policymakers, practitioners, and evaluators can tackle negative side effects and maximize positive side effects. The book also includes personal testimonies, a succinct overview of unintended effects, and suggestions for further reading. Providing a clear overview of what side effects to anticipate when planning, executing, and evaluating aid, this book will be an important resource for students, development practitioners, and policymakers alike.
    Keywords: Development ; Effects ; Governance ; International Aid ; Migration ; Policies ; Resettlement ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
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    Co-creation process on circular economy monitoring : overview of interactive activities and outcomes ; reflections on the links to the Bellagio Principles (2023)
    Mol : European Topic Centre on Waste and Materials
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-05
    Description: The transition to a greener and more circular economy has been a European policy priority for several years. The Circular Economy Action Plan of 2020 underlines the ambition. The following EEA initiatives are meant to support the transition process: - Bellagio Process on circular economy monitoring principles (EPA network); - Enhancement of EEA indicators on circular economy (ETC/WMGE); - Explorative work on novel data streams (FWC); - Co-creation work - knowledge sharing of monitoring experience (ETC/Eionet). The scope of the present task was to report on the co-creation process that was undertaken at the end of 2020. The co-creation process was organised to identify: (i) best practices on monitoring strategies, data sources and target setting; and (ii) areas of circularity measuring and monitoring that remain challenging and require additional investment. The co-creation process partially built on the work done during the Bellagio Process/Initiative which was run in parallel. This ETC report presents and documents the evidence gathered throughout the co- creation process as well as providing a retrospective analysis of the links to the Bellagio Principles.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Stop guessing in the dark : identified requirements for digital product passport systems (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-15
    Description: The Digital Product Passport (DPP) is a concept for collecting and sharing product-related information along the life cycle of a product. DPPs are currently the subject of intense discussion, and various development efforts are being undertaken. These are supported by regulatory activities, especially in the case of the battery passport. The aggregation of product life-cycle data and their respective use, as well as the sharing of these data between companies, entrepreneurs, and other actors in the value chain, is crucial for the creation of a resource-efficient circular economy. Despite the urgent need for such a solution, there is currently little attention given to the digital infrastructure for the creation and handling of the DPPs (i.e., the so-called DPP system). Moreover, there is so far no common understanding of what the requirements for a DPP system are. This is the background and underlying motivation of our paper: we identify the requirements for a DPP system in a structured way, i.e., based on stakeholder involvement and current literature from science and industry. In addition, we compose, categorize, and critically analyze the results, i.e., the list of requirements for DPP systems, in order to identify gaps. Summarized, our research provides insights into the criteria to be considered in the creation of an actual DPP system.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Perspectives on an effective design of industry tramsformation : an active systemic industrial policy for climate-neutral process industries in Europe ; commentary (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-02
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Cultural Policy for Arts Education (2022)
    Peter Lang International Academic Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Arts Education institutions and programs create an excellent framework for personality development: learning knowledge, learning skills and learning life. Their attainment requires education to be a holistic concept of advancement that includes aesthetic practice and involvement with the arts. It challenges them to use their actions to think about the meaning of life, in as much as everyone can use artistic experiences to affirm and interrogate their self-image. The Research Program of the UNESCO Chair in Cultural Policy for the Arts in Development at the University of Hildesheim in Germany brought together experts from the Universities in Dar Es Salam, Kampala, Nairobi, Pretoria, Johannesburg, Casablanca and Tunis and further independent researchers to exchange concepts in Cultural Policy for Arts Education.
    Keywords: Africa ; African ; Akuno ; Arts ; Capacity building ; Civil society ; Cultural ; Daniel ; Decolonization ; Development ; Education ; Emily ; Empowerment ; European ; Governance ; Hardie ; Perspectives ; Policy ; Practises ; Schneider ; Wolfgang ; Yvette ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AB The arts: general topics::ABA Theory of art ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATD Theatre studies ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music::AVA Theory of music and musicology ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTC Communication studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies
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    Oil and Insurgency in the Niger Delta (2022)
    The Nordic Africa Institute and Zed Books (Bloomsbury) | Zed Books
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: The recent escalation in the violent conflict in the Niger Delta has brought the region to the forefront of international energy and security concerns. This book analyses the causes, dynamics and politics underpinning oil-related violence in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. It focuses on the drivers of the conflict, as well as the ways the crises spawned by the political economy of oil and contradictions within Nigeria's ethnic politics have contributed to the morphing of initially poorly coordinated, largely non-violent protests into a pan-Delta insurgency. Approaching the issue from a number of perspectives, the book offers the most up-to-date and comprehensive analysis available of the varied dimensions of the conflict. Combining empirically-based and analytic chapters, it attempts to explain the causes of the escalation in violence, the various actors, levels and dynamics involved, and the policy challenges faced with regard to conflict management/resolution and the options for peace. It also examines the role of oil as a commodity of global strategic significance, addressing the relationship between oil, energy security and development in the Niger Delta.
    Keywords: Energy resources ; Petroleum industry ; International trade ; Transnational corporations ; Geopolitics ; Responsibility ; Governance ; Corruption ; Political crisis ; Ethnic conflicts ; Dispute settlement ; Human rights violations ; Political violence ; Protest movements ; Conflict management ; Political conditions ; Nigeria ; Niger Delta ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::1 Geographical Qualifiers::1H Africa::1HF Sub-Saharan Africa::1HFD West Africa::1HFDN Nigeria
    Language: English
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    Rethinking Heritage for Sustainable Development (2022)
    UCL Press | UCL Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the UN in 2015 have influenced the actions of international and intergovernmental organisations and governments around the world, and have dictated priorities for international aid spending. Culture, including heritage, is often presented as fundamental to addressing the SDGs: since 2010, the United Nations has adopted no fewer than five major policy recommendations that assert its importance as a driver and enabler of development. Yet, heritage is marginalized from the Sustainable Development Goals. Rethinking Heritage for Sustainable Development constitutes a substantial and original assessment of whether and how heritage has contributed to three key dimensions of sustainable development (namely poverty reduction, gender equality and environmental sustainability) within the context of its marginalisation from the Sustainable Development Goals and from previous international development agendas. Sophia Labadi adopts a novel, inclusive, large-scale and systematic approach, providing the first comprehensive history of the international approaches on culture (including heritage) for development, from 1970 to the present day. This book is also the first to assess the negative and positive impacts of all the international projects implemented in sub-Saharan Africa by a consortium of UN organisations that aimed to provide evidence for the contribution of heritage for development in time for the negotiation of the SDGs. The book’s conclusions provide recommendations for rethinking heritage for development, while reflecting on the major shortcomings of the selected projects.
    Keywords: heritage ; sustainable development ; sustainability ; Africa ; international aid ; poverty reduction ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Development ; World Heritage ; Culture ; Intangible Heritage ; Mozambique ; Senegal ; Ethiopia ; Namibia ; Climate Change ; Illicit Trade ; neoliberalism ; UNESCO ; World Bank ; UNDP, Gender Equality ; Environmental Sustainability ; local communities ; Heritage Studies ; Archaeology ; Anthropology ; Development Studies ; Gender Studies ; Tourism Studies ; Environmental Conservation ; African Studies ; International Relations ; Social Geography ; Economic Geography ; Cultural Geography ; Cultural Studies ; Humanitarian Studies ; Community Development ; Politics ; Governance ; Identity Politics ; Identity ; SDG ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GL Library and information sciences / Museology::GLZ Museology and heritage studies ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTP Development studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability
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    The circular economy and digitalisation - strategies for a digital-ecological industry transformation : a study commmissioned by Huawei Technologies Germany GmbH (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-26
    Description: Within the Shaping Digitalisation project, we aim to highlight and discuss the opportunities that digitalisation can bring to Germany. In particular, we are discussing three stand-out areas where action is most needed to achieve ecological transformation: mobility, the circular economy, and agriculture and food. This report addresses the second area in need of action. Up until now, discussions on the circular economy have been limited to recycling and the re-use of materials. We must expand the scope of these discussions to include new, resource-efficient business models and the comprehensive transformation of value chains and industrial structures. Our analysis has found that digitalisation is indispensable for this transformation if used properly. We hope this report will provide the impetus needed to kick-start a climate- and resource-friendly industrial transformation in Germany. Here, we have incorporated the findings of our interdisciplinary workshop on "Shaping the Digital-Ecological Industrial Transformation - Business Models and Political Framework Conditions for Climate and Resource Protection" that was attended by experts from international research institutes, civil organizations, public authorities, and private companies.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Digital product passport : the ticket to achieving a climate neutral and circular European economy? (2022)
    Cambridge : University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-10
    Description: The introduction of a Digital Product Passport (DPP) is an opportunity to create a system that can store and share all relevant information throughout a product's life cycle. This would provide industry stakeholders, businesses, public authorities and consumers with a better understanding of the materials used in the product as well as their embodied environmental impact. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the cost-of-living crisis, now is a critical moment to transform our economic and business models, while also addressing the huge scale of material emissions. DPPs can be a pivotal policy instrument in this goal. Furthermore, DPPs can accelerate the twin green and digital transitions as part of EU efforts to deliver positive climate action and sustainable economies. In 2020, the European Commission (EC) adopted a new Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP), which emphasised the need for circular economy initiatives to consider the entire life cycle of products, from the production of basic materials to end-of-life disposal. The Circular Economy Package published in March 2022 includes a proposal for an Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR), which builds upon the Ecodesign Directive that covers energy-related products. A DPP will form a key regulatory element of the ESPR by enhancing the traceability of products and their components. This will provide consumers and manufacturers with the information needed to make better informed choices by taking their environmental impact into consideration. As discussed in the report, there is widespread agreement amongst business leaders that a well-designed DPP could have both short- and longer-term benefits, improving access to reliable and comparable product sustainability information for businesses, consumers and policymakers. A well-designed DPP can unify information, making it more readily accessible to all actors in the supply chain. This will support businesses to ensure an effective transformation towards a decarbonised industry. It could also create incentives for companies to make their products more sustainable, as improving access to reliable and consistent information across supply chains will make it easier for customers to make comparisons.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Fostering circular cities : a study on urban circularity hotspot frameworks for the Western Balkan region (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: A main goal of this study - which also functions as deliverable 210078-D07 of the Circular Economy Beacons (CEB) project - is to evaluate currently available frameworks that measure and operationalise Circular Economy (CE), with a particular focus on the urban context. The regional focus lies on the Western Balkan region, which is at the centre of the project. Such "Urban Circularity Hotspot Frameworks" (UCHF) aim at providing decision support for policy makers, companies, citizens etc. regarding the transition to CE within cities. Based on the analysis of different frameworks, suggestions are derived regarding UCHF suitable for the specific characteristics of Western Balkan municipalities, i.e. a Circular Economy Beacons Urban Circularity Hotspot Framework (CEB-UCHF) ready for short-term implementation.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Accelerating circular economy solutions to achieve the 2030 agenda for sustainable development goals (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Circular economy seems a vital enabler for sustainable use of natural resources which is also important for achieving the 2030 agenda for sustainable development goals. Therefore, a special session addressing issues of "sustainable solutions and remarkable practices in circular economy focusing materials downstream" was held at the 16th International Conference on Waste Management and Technology, where researchers and attendees worldwide were convened to share their experiences and visions. Presentations focusing on many key points such as new strategies, innovative technologies, management methods, and practical cases were discussed during the session. Accordingly, this article compiled all these distinctive presentations and gave insights into the pathway of circular economy towards the sustainable development goals. We summarized that the transition to circular economy can keep the value of resources and products at a high level and minimize waste production; the focus of governmental policies and plans with the involvement of public-private-partnership on 3Rs (reduce, reuse, and recycle) helps to improve the use of natural resources and take a step ahead to approach or achieve the sustainability.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Business model innovations for renewable energy prosumer development in Germany (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: In Germany, the number of renewable energy prosumers has increased rapidly since 2000. However, the development of prosumers has faced and will continue to face various economic, social, and technological challenges, which have triggered the emergence of a number of innovative business models (BM). This paper enriches the empirical basis for prosumer-oriented BMs by investigating two BM innovations in Germany (P2P electricity trading and aggregation of small-size prosumers) drawing on business model and socio-technical transition theories. A mix of qualitative data collection methods, including document analysis and semi-structured expert interviews, was applied. We found that while both BMs can potentially address the challenges associated with renewable energy prosumer development in Germany, small-scale prosumers’ participation in both BMs has been limited so far. We identified various internal and external drivers and barriers for scaling up these BMs for prosumer development in Germany. Despite these barriers, both aggregation and centralized P2P targeting prosumers may potentially be also taken up by incumbent market actors such as utilities. Decentralized P2P on the other hand still faces significant internal and external barriers for upscaling. Based on the analysis, the paper provides policy recommendations with respect to the identified drivers and barriers. From a theoretical perspective, our findings provide further evidence to challenge the dichotomous understanding of niche actors and incumbents, the latter of which are often theorized to be resistant to radical innovations.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Way out of the one-way? : Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the generation of waste from packaging in Germany (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-12
    Description: How do recent changes in consumption in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic affect the avoidance of packaging waste? How can an increase in packaging waste be countered and the previous trend towards unpackaged and reusable solutions be revived and promoted? To tackle these questions, we use a systemic approach that regards packaging as a network of interrelated interests of industry (manufacturing and logistics), trade (retail and catering), consumers and the waste management sector. To analyse this network, we applied three methods. First, we analysed secondary sources such as surveys. Second, we conducted semi-structured interviews with seven actors from industry, consumer education and waste management in May and June 2020. Third, we used the questions from the interview guideline to do an online survey among representatives of the public waste management industry.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Digitally driven energy management practices in SMEs : exploring potentials and barriers (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-24
    Description: Innovative digital technologies open up new opportun­ ities for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to improve energy efficiency and energy management behavior. The question is: How far will SMEs be capable of profiting from the benefits of these new technologies? Using technology screening, this study identifies smart metering and mobile energy monitoring as digital technologies best addressing SMEs' specific demands. In addition, potentials and limitations of the technologies are investigated in two qualitative in-depth field trials. Barriers to adopting digitally enabled energy management practices are examined. The results indicate that visualising energy data enables SMEs to pursue new energy management practices for reducing energy consumption and costs (such as peak load analysis). SMEs need extensive guidance to identify and pursue these strategies. In conclusion, an exploratory adoption model for digitally enabled energy management practices is developed. Hypotheses for future experimental studies and policy implications are derived.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    The circular economy as a new narrative for the textile industry : an analysis of the textile value chain with a focus on Germany's transformation to a circular economy (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-24
    Description: At the end of March 2022, the European Commission published its new EU Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles. Its ambitious vision is to reduce textile waste, promote circular measures and minimise the negative environmental impacts of the textile industry. But what would a textile industry that keeps textiles in a closed loop look like, and what political conditions would be required in Germany? This Zukunftsimpuls paper by the Wuppertal Institute points to the role that Germany could play in the transformation towards a circular textile industry.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    What will drive household adoption of smart energy? : Insights from a consumer acceptance study in Germany (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Although smart energy technologies (SETs) can fulfill multiple tasks in increasingly decarbonized and digitalized energy systems, market diffusion is still limited. This study investigates which beliefs influence consumers' intention to adopt two smart-energy offerings, whether the rapid growth of the smart home market will now drive SET adoption, and if consumer-driven diffusion will lead to sustainability potentials being realized. Building on UTAUT2, a new theoretical model is proposed, and a consumer acceptance survey was conducted in Germany (n = 700). Results indicate that a growing smart home market will not increase SET adoption and that "adjustable green defaults" should be introduced.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Plastic credits - financing the transition to the global circular economy : final assessment report on the pilot regions Goa, Maharashtra, Kerala (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-18
    Description: The project "Plastic Credits - Financing the Transition to the Global Circular Economy" supports the implementation of a waste management structure in India's rural regions. By that it aims to improve the current waste collection and treatment structures in the pilot regions Goa, Maharashtra, and Kerala. Herein, the project focuses on low value plastics (LVP), and especially multi-layer plastics (MLP), that have no market value. In order to analyze the environmental impacts of the project, an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was conducted. The considered environmental components comprise: greenhouse gas emissions, usage of primary resources, impacts on marine and terrestrial wildlife, standard of living, and economic costs.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    e-Science (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This open access book shows the breadth and various facets of e-Science, while also illustrating their shared core. Changes in scientific work are driven by the shift to grid-based worlds, the use of information and communication systems, and the existential infrastructure, which includes global collaboration. In this context, the book addresses emerging issues such as open access, collaboration and virtual communities and highlights the diverse range of developments associated with e-Science. As such, it will be of interest to researchers and scholars in the fields of information technology and knowledge management.
    Keywords: Science and Technology Studies ; Media and Communication ; Business Information Systems ; Computer Applications ; Education, general ; Knowledge Management ; Science Communication ; Computer and Information Systems Applications ; Digital Education and Educational Technology ; Open Access ; Grid computing ; Science 2.0 ; Research network ; Education portal ; Virtual organization ; Governance ; Social control ; Science collaboration ; Digitization ; Digital research infrastructures ; Cyberinfrastructure software ; Sustainability ; Software sustainability ; Sociology ; Media studies ; Business mathematics & systems ; Information technology: general issues ; Education ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJQ Business mathematics and systems ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJM Management and management techniques::KJMK Knowledge management
    Language: English
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    The EU and China in African Authoritarian Regimes (2021)
    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: Political science; EU; China; Africa; Rwanda; Ethiopia; Angola; Survival strategy; Governance; Reform; Economic dependence; Paul Kagame; 2005 Ethiopian general election; African oil revenues; Authoritarian regimes; Party regimes
    Keywords: Political science ; EU ; China ; Africa ; Rwanda ; Ethiopia ; Angola ; Survival strategy ; Governance ; Reform ; Economic dependence ; Paul Kagame ; 2005 Ethiopian general election ; African oil revenues ; Authoritarian regimes ; Party regimes ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTJ Peace studies & conflict resolution ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations
    Language: English
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    Frontiers in Chemistry: Rising Stars (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The Frontiers in Chemistry Editorial Office team are delighted to present the inaugural “Frontiers in Chemistry: Rising Stars” article collection, showcasing the high-quality work of internationally recognized researchers in the early stages of their independent careers. All Rising Star researchers featured within this collection were individually nominated by the Journal’s Chief Editors in recognition of their potential to influence the future directions in their respective fields. The work presented here highlights the diversity of research performed across the entire breadth of the chemical sciences, and presents advances in theory, experiment and methodology with applications to compelling problems. This Editorial features the corresponding author(s) of each paper published within this important collection, ordered by section alphabetically, highlighting them as the great researchers of the future. The Frontiers in Chemistry Editorial Office team would like to thank each researcher who contributed their work to this collection. We would also like to personally thank our Chief Editors for their exemplary leadership of this article collection; their strong support and passion for this important, community-driven collection has ensured its success and global impact.
    Keywords: Green and Sustainable Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry ; Theoretical and Computational Chemistry ; Polymer Chemistry ; Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry ; Nanoscience ; Catalysis and Photocatalysis ; Supramolecular Chemistry ; Electrochemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry ; Chemical Biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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    Socioeconomics of Agriculture (2021)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This open access book applies for the first time emerging concepts of socioeconomics to analyse an economic sector, namely agriculture. It considers the rational choices of all actors in the system (just as agricultural economists do) and their cultural preferences and constraints (just as rural sociologists do). Socioeconomic concepts are subsequently used to structure agricultural issues with regard to the three governance mechanisms (hierarchy, markets, and cooperation), and different agricultural systems are presented and compared. The book will be of interest to social scientists with various backgrounds, and seeks to break down the barriers of single-disciplinary thinking.
    Keywords: S1-972 ; Hierarchy ; Agri-food chain ; Cooperation ; Primary sector ; Agricultural systems ; Governance ; Socioeconomics ; Agricultural economics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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    Sustainability Science for Strong Sustainability (2021)
    Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: The dynamism of science has been catalytic for human prosperity in recent history. Conventional perspectives of the ivory tower model of modern science are, however, rivalled by the failure of humanity to tackle global crises of an economic, environmental and social nature. Operational solutions to these pressures have grown and exposed pitfalls of modern science to date. Sustainability Science for Strong Sustainability investigates core concepts, tools and institutional strategies of transdisciplinary sustainability science. Prominent research programs within heterodox economics, the environmental sciences and transition theory are explored through diverse case studies, revealing challenges and advancements for transdisciplinary research. In this book, the reform of modern science is facilitated by the consideration of action points to overcome the institutional barriers of putting sustainability science into practice. Researchers, students and policy practitioners will benefit from up to date knowledge on the practice of transdisciplinary research for sustainability
    Keywords: Sustainability ; science ; Environment ; Ecological Economics ; Politics ; Public Policy ; Governance ; Regulation ; Interdisciplinarity ; Transdisciplinarity ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
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    Rethinking Community Policing in International Police Reform (2021)
    Ubiquity Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: Community policing has often been promoted, particularly in liberal democratic societies, as the best approach to align police services with the principles of good security sector governance (SSG). The stated goal of the community policing approach is to reduce fear of crime within communities, and to overcome mutual distrust between the police and the communities they serve by promoting police citizen partnerships. This SSR Paper traces the historical origins of the concept of community policing in Victorian Great Britain and analyses the processes of transfer, implementation, and adaptation of approaches to community policing in Imperial and post-war Japan, Singapore, and Timor-Leste. The study identifies the factors that were conducive or constraining to the establishment of community policing in each case. It concludes that basic elements of police professionalism and local ownership are necessary preconditions for successfully implementing community policing according to the principles of good SSG. Moreover, external initiatives for community policing must be more closely aligned to the realities of the local context.
    Keywords: Singapore ; Timor-Leste ; Governance ; Police ; reform ; Community ; policing ; Security ; sector ; reform ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTF Development studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JK Social services & welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare & social services::JKSW Emergency services ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence::JWL War & defence operations::JWLP Peacekeeping operations ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LN Laws of Specific jurisdictions::LNF Criminal law & procedure::LNFX Criminal procedure
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    The New Politics of Numbers (2021)
    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This open access book offers unique insight into how and where ideas and instruments of quantification have been adopted, and how they have come to matter. Rather than asking what quantification is, New Politics of Numbers explores what quantification does, its manifold consequences in multiple domains. It scrutinizes the power of numbers in terms of the changing relations between numbers and democracy, the politics of evidence, and dreams and schemes of bettering society. The book engages Foucault inspired studies of quantification and the economics of convention in a critical dialogue. In so doing, it provides a rich account of the plurality of possible ways in which numbers have come to govern, highlighting not only their disciplinary effects, but also the collective mobilization capacities quantification can offer. This book will be invaluable reading for academics and graduate students in a wide variety of disciplines, as well as policymakers interested in the opportunities and pitfalls of governance by numbers.
    Keywords: Open Access ; quantification ; quantification practices ; Executive Politics ; Governance ; Numbers ; Evidence ; Democracy ; politics of evidence ; Foucault ; administrative capacity ; policy sectors ; economics of convention ; utopia ; new public management ; convention theory ; social criticism ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPP Public administration
    Language: English
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    People, Places and Policy (2021)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The Open Access version of this book, available at www.tandfebooks.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. Set within the context of UK devolution and constitutional change, People, Places and Policy offers important and interesting insights into ‘place-making’ and ‘locality-making’ in contemporary Wales. Combining policy research with policy-maker and stakeholder interviews at various spatial scales (local, regional, national), it examines the historical processes and working practices that have produced the complex political geography of Wales. This book looks at the economic, social and political geographies of Wales, which in the context of devolution and public service governance are hotly debated. It offers a novel ‘new localities’ theoretical framework for capturing the dynamics of locality-making, to go beyond the obsession with boundaries and coterminous geographies expressed by policy-makers and politicians. Three localities – Heads of the Valleys (north of Cardiff), central and west coast regions (Ceredigion, Pembrokeshire and the former district of Montgomeryshire in Powys) and the A55 corridor (from Wrexham to Holyhead) – are discussed in detail to illustrate this and also reveal the geographical tensions of devolution in contemporary Wales. This book is an original statement on the making of contemporary Wales from the Wales Institute of Social and Economic Research, Data and Methods (WISERD) researchers. It deploys a novel ‘new localities’ theoretical framework and innovative mapping techniques to represent spatial patterns in data. This allows the timely uncovering of both unbounded and fuzzy relational policy geographies, and the more bounded administrative concerns, which come together to produce and reproduce over time Wales’ regional geography.
    Keywords: Built Environment ; Wales ; Welsh Regions ; WISERD ; Cardiff ; Devolution ; Innovation ; Knowledge ; Planning ; RSA ; RSA Conference ; Regional Development ; Regional Science ; Regional Studies ; Resilience ; Richard Florida ; Sally Hardy ; Smart Cities ; Spatial Econometrics ; Spatial Economics ; Technology ; Technopoles ; Territory ; Territory\ ; Politics\ ; Governance ; The City ; Urban Planning ; Urban Studies ; Urban Systems ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics and emerging economies ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJM Management and management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV6 Research and development management
    Language: English
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    Equality Governance via Policy Analysis? (2021)
    transcript Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: Gender impact assessment has been both celebrated as a beacon of hope for the cause of gender equality and criticised as being ineffectual. More than 20 years of gender mainstreaming have demonstrated that equality governance with and through impact assessment is an intersectional and still evolving process. Arn T. Sauer's study examines the instruments of gendered policy analysis and the conditions under which they are being used by the Canadian federal government and the European Commission. Interviews with experts from public administration and instrument designers as well as document analyses reveal benefits and challenges and show that the success of equality governance depends upon whether knowledge about gendered policy and appropriate administrative practices are embedded, embodied and entrenched in public administration.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Gender Equality ; Governance ; Policy Analysis ; Intersectionality ; Gender Mainstreaming ; Accountability ; Gender ; Politics ; Law ; Gender Studies ; Policy ; Administration ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSJ Gender studies, gender groups
    Language: English
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    Civil Society and Social Movements in Food System Governance (2021)
    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-12
    Description: This book offers insights into the governance of contemporary food systems and their ongoing transformation by social movements. As global food systems face multiple threats and challenges there is an opportunity for social movements and civil society to play a more active role in building social justice and ecological sustainability. Drawing on case studies from Canada, the United States, Europe, and New Zealand, this edited collection showcases promising ways forward for civil society actors to engage in governance. The authors address topics including: the variety of forms that governance engagement takes from multi-stakeholderism to co-governance to polycentrism/self-governance; the values and power dynamics that underpin these different types of governance processes; effective approaches for achieving desired values and goals; and, the broader relationships and networks that may be activated to support change. By examining and comparing a variety of governance innovations, at a range of scales, the book offers insights for those considering contemporary food systems and their ongoing transformation. It is suitable for food studies students and researchers within geography, environmental studies, anthropology, policy studies, planning, health sciences and sociology, and will also be of interest to policy makers and civil society organizations with a focus on food systems.
    Keywords: Governance ; contemporary food systems ; social movements ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences
    Language: English
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    Chapter 1 The Common Denominator: Persistent Racial Gaps in the Administration of Policy (2021)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Issues of race permeate virtually every corner of policy creation and implementation in the United States, yet theoretically driven research on interactions of policy, race, and ethnicity rarely offers practical tools that can be readily applied by current and future civil servants, private contractors, or nonprofit boards. Arguing that scholarship can and should inform practice to address issues of equity in public affairs, rather than overlook, ignore, or deny them, Race and Public Administration offers a much-needed and accessible exploration of current and cutting-edge research on race and policy. This book evaluates what contradictions, unanswered questions, and best (or worst) practices exist in conducting and understanding research that can provide evidence-based policy and management guidance to practitioners in the field.　 Individual chapters are written by established and emerging scholars and explore a wide range of policy areas, including public education, policing, health and access to healthcare, digital governance, nonprofit diversity, and international contexts. Together, the chapters serve as a link between theoretically informed research in public administration and those students and professionals trained to work in the trenches of public administration. This book is ideally suited as a text for courses in schools of public administration, public policy, or nonprofit management, and is required reading for those actively involved in policy analysis, creation, or evaluation.
    Keywords: Adrian ; Alketa ; Amanda ; America ; Andre ; Ashley ; biographies ; Brown ; Brulon ; Cabral ; Care ; Cho ; Common ; Concluding ; Crotty ; Dantas ; Denominator ; Digital ; Disparities ; Diversity ; Education ; Ethnic ; Eunji ; Experiences ; faced ; Gaps ; Governance ; Grissom ; Health ; Index ; Inequality ; Insights ; International ; Janus ; Jason ; Jill ; Jones ; Karen ; Kelly ; Kenicia ; Kenneth ; Lee ; LeRoux ; Ling ; Meier ; Modern ; Mossberger ; New ; Nicholson ; Nonprofit ; Organizational ; Peci ; Performance ; Persistent ; Place ; Policing ; Policy ; Preface ; Public ; Race ; Racial ; Research ; Rutherford ; Sean ; Sector ; Seong ; Soares ; Thoughts ; Toward ; Vanessa ; Workforce ; Wright ; Zhu
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    Socioeconomics of Agriculture (2021)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: Hierarchy; Cooperation; Agricultural systems; Governance; Primary sector; Socioeconomics; Agri-food chain; Agricultural economics
    Keywords: Hierarchy ; Cooperation ; Agricultural systems ; Governance ; Primary sector ; Socioeconomics ; Agri-food chain ; Agricultural economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Language: English
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    The European Semester: understanding an innovative governance model (2021)
    Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-11
    Description: This chapter gives an overview of the European Semester (hereafter Semester). On the one hand, it maps out the history, elements and functioning of the Semester. On the other hand, it indicates how the Semester can be studied and understood. Apart from the legal aspects underpinning the coordination methods of the Semester, politics are relevant as well, as the Semester allows for exchanges between actors across governance levels. It makes the Semester a dynamic process with annually recurring governance processes and the ability to adapt both its content and procedures. Two key events may explain the design and implementation of the Semester in 2011. The first is the end of the Lisbon Strategy (2000–2010) and the ambition to make the subsequent Europe 2020 Strategy more successful.1 The second is the severe financial and economic crisis which started plaguing Europe in 2008. In the economic field, the Stability and Growth Pact rules should have kept Member States financially and economically healthy. However, in reality it had too little impact in terms of Member State compliance with the rules of maximum debt and expenditure. Therefore, EU leaders urged the strengthening of EU economic governance. This urgency was fed by the severity of the financial and economic crisis, which moreover demonstrated the interdependence of Member States. The financial instability of one country seemed to spill over easily to other countries. The idea behind stricter economic governance was increasing Member State compliance by strengthening already existing coordination cycles, and by implementing new coordination cycles. Additionally, all these coordination cycles, ranging from social to economic issues, have been placed within one framework: the European Semester. On the one hand, the Semester is nothing more than a period of about nine months in which all EU socio-economic coordination activities occur. It brings together existing EU socio-economic coordination cycles and builds on the rich knowledge the EU gained in decades of policy coordination. One example is the European Employment Strategy, which has been running since 1997. It is now part of the Europe 2020 Strategy. Also the Stability and Growth Pact has been running since 1997 and became part of the Semester in 2011. A third coordination mechanism is the newly created Macroeconomic Imbalances Procedure (MIP),3 which was implemented in 2011. On the other hand, we could see the Semester as a major step in EU governance.4 To understand why the Semester is an example of coordination innovation, but also to understand the pathway towards the implementation of the Semester, the next section describes the history of EU socio-economic coordination prior to the Semester.
    Keywords: KJ-KKZ ; Integration ; European Union ; European Union Politics ; European Union Law ; Governance ; Judicial politics
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    The EU and China in African Authoritarian Regimes: Domestic Politics and Governance Reforms (2021)
    Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: This open access book analyses the domestic politics of African dominant party regimes, most notably African governments’ survival strategies, to explain their variance of opinions and responses towards the reforming policies of the EU. The author discredits the widespread assumption that the growing presence of China in Africa has made the EU’s task of supporting governance reforms difficult, positing that the EU’s good governance strategies resonate better with the survival strategies of governments in some dominant party regimes more so than others, regardless of Chinese involvement. Hackenesch studies three African nations – Angola, Ethiopia and Rwanda – which all began engaging with the EU on governance reforms in the early 2000s. She argues that other factors generally identified in the literature, such as the EU’s good governance strategies or economic dependence of the target country on the EU, have set additional incentives for African governments to not engage on governance reforms.
    Keywords: JZ2-6530 ; JA1-92 ; Angola ; Africa ; Rwanda ; Governance ; EU ; Economic dependence ; Political science ; China ; Party regimes ; Survival strategy ; Reform ; Paul Kagame ; 2005 Ethiopian general election ; Ethiopia ; Authoritarian regimes ; African oil revenues
    Language: English
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    Expenditure-based indicators of energy poverty : an analysis of income and expenditure elasticities (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-06
    Description: Energy poverty is high up on national and European Union policy agendas. A number of possible indicators to measure the issue have been identified in the literature, but comparable data with European coverage is scarce. The EU Commission thus proposes four independent indicators on the "EU Energy Poverty Observatory" based on self-reported items from the pan-European surveys on income and living conditions (SILC) and household budgets (HBS). It is of increasing public interest to analyse social impacts of energy policies, and quantify energy poverty indicators also from modelling. This paper first shortly outlines how the expenditure-based indicators using HBS micro data may be directly linked to existing macroeconomic models through their defining variables (energy expenditure and income). As endogenous modelling based on micro data is difficult, the link may be country-specific elasticities. The main contribution of the paper is a systematic in-depth sensitivity analysis of the two indicators to changes in income and energy expenditure following varying patterns in the underlying distributions of the micro data. The results may be used by future soft links to models. The results display sometimes counterintuitive effects. We find that whether these indicators increase/decrease after a change of income or energy expenditure largely depends on the specific country-wise income and energy expenditure distribution between households on a micro-level. Due to their definition, the examined indicators are especially sensitive, when income changes alter the indicator threshold values, which in these cases are the median values in underlying distributions. We discuss these findings and relate them to several indicator shortcomings and potential remedies through changes in indicator definition.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Towards a more realistic cost-benefit analysis : attempting to integrate transaction costs and energy efficiency services (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-06
    Description: In order to calculate the financial return of energy efficiency measures, a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is a proven tool for investors. Generally, however, most CBAs for investors have a narrow focus, which is - simply speaking - on investment costs compared with energy cost savings over the life span of the investment. This only provides part of the full picture. Ideally, a comprehensive or extended CBA would take additional benefits as well as additional costs into account. The objective of this paper is to reflect upon integrating into a CBA two important cost components: transaction costs and energy efficiency services - and how they interact. Even though this concept has not been carried out to the knowledge of the authors, we even go a step further to try to apply this idea. In so doing, we carried out a meta-analysis on relevant literature and existing data and interviewed a limited number of energy experts with comprehensive experience in carrying out energy services. Even though data is hardly available, we succeeded in constructing three real-world cases and applied an extended CBA making use of information gathered on transaction costs and energy services costs. We were able to show that, despite these additional cost components, the energy efficiency measures are economically viable. Quantitative data was not available on how energy services reduce transaction costs; more information on this aspect could render our results even more positive. Even though empirical and conceptual research must intensify efforts to design an even more comprehensive CBA, these first-of-its-kind findings can counterargue those that believe energy efficiency is not worth it (in monetary terms) due to transaction costs or energy services costs. In fact, this is good news for energy efficiency and for those that seek to make use of our findings to argue in favor of taking up energy efficiency investments in businesses.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Measuring non-financial forms of capital (2021)
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-05
    Description: This chapter turns to the measurement of performance in delivering corporate and ecosystem purposes. The metrics are designed to capture the pain points in the ecosystem that need to be addressed and the success of the intervention in addressing them. This requires measures of non-financial as well as financial performance. The chapter provides an overview of measurements of non-financial forms of capital: natural, human, and social. In examining natural capital, it contrasts input measures that record the amount of natural resources that are used in the production process and output measures that examine the impact of the inputs on products, emissions, waste, etc. It notes that measuring inputs is in general more straightforward than outputs and it therefore argues that natural capital metrics should be constructed around inputs rather than outputs.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    A circular economy for the data centre industry : using design methods to address the challenge of whole system sustainability in a unique industrial sector (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-05
    Description: The data centre industry (DCI) has grown from zero in the 1980s, to enabling 60% of the global population to be connected in 2021 via 7.2 million data centres. The DCI is based on a linear economy and there is an urgent need to transform to a Circular Economy to establish a secure supply chain and ensure an economically stable and uninterrupted service, which is particularly difficult in an industry that is comprised of ten insular subsectors. This paper describes the CEDaCI project which was established to address the challenge in this unique sector; this ground-breaking project employs a whole systems approach, Design Thinking and the Double Diamond methods, which rely on people/stakeholder engagement throughout. The paper reviews and assesses the impact of these methods and project to date, using quantitative and qualitative research, via an online sectoral survey and interviews with nine data centre and IT industry experts. The results show that the project is creating positive impact and initiating change across the sector and that the innovative output (designs, business models, and a digital tool) will ensure that sectoral transformation continues; the project methods and structure will also serve as an exemplar for other sectors.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Innovation in housing decarbonisation: Germany (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Germany's transition to a circular economy : how to unlock the potential of cross-industry collaboration (2021)
    Berlin : Econsense
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The transition from today's "take, make, waste" economic paradigm to a circular economy requires a joint effort from actors on all levels: governments, business, and civil society. While companies are among the drivers of the circular transformation, they find it hard to achieve a circular economy on their own. Hence, cross-industry collaboration is one of the imperatives for scaling a circular economy. Against this background, econsense, together with Accenture and the Wuppertal Institute, launched its study "Germany's Transition to a Circular Economy - How to Unlock the Potential of Cross-Industry Collaboration". Based on a survey and expert interviews within the econsense community, the study finds that companies are yet to unlock the full potential of cross-industry collaboration. While two thirds of analysed industry collaborations have a high potential for scaling the circular economy, only 43 per cent of those already show a high degree of interaction. The study provides concrete guidance for companies to get started with circularity and identify the right partners for cross-industry collaboration. Specifically, the report recommends companies: 1) Understand what circularity is about and map it on their own operations and processes. 2) Understand the different circular business models and identify the ones relevant to each business. 3) Discover areas where collaboration can help to create the needed foundation and to execute circular actions.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Eco-innovation and digitalisation : case studies, environmental and policy lessons from EU member states for the EU green deal and the circular economy : EIO biennial report 2020 (2021)
    Brussels : European Commission
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Digitalisation is taking place at a fast pace in all European countries and it is transforming the economies, societies, communication, jobs and the necessary skills for the workplace and everyday life. The Covid-19 pandemic is also accelerating digitalisation at many levels. To address the great challenges resulting from this, the European Commission has launched the Green Deal, a long-term transformation strategy towards an innovative and sustainable society. Three important initiatives under the Green Deal are the New Circular Economy Action Plan, the Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 and the Zero Pollution Action Plan. The various strategies and action plans draw up a large portfolio of measures, instruments and milestones that are always linked to digital technologies. Ideally, these are eco-innovative and sustainable and contribute to improving living conditions in Europe. The EIO Biennial Report 2020, which looks at a different topic every two years, considers digitalisation a major opportunity to accelerate the transition to a circular Europe. In the current report, the authors provide an overview of eco-innovation trends, illustrated by digital technology and policy practices that can further drive the circular economy.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Circular business models for remanufacturing in the electric bicycle industry (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-03
    Description: The rising popularity and strong increase in the number of electric bicycles make it necessary to consider the built-in resources as well as possible treatments after the use phase. The time lag between the purchase and the occurrence of relevant defects suggests significant increases in defective components. Especially the great dynamics of the market due to regular innovations, product renewals, and the lack of spare parts availability for older models make the long-term use by customers much more difficult than for conventional bicycles. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze circular business models for the electric bicycle market. In this way, the required structures for a sustainable electric bicycle industry can be created so that valuable materials do not go into disposal but undergo a new use phase. Based on the results of "AddRE-Mo-Value Preservation Scenarios for Urban Electromobility of Persons and Loads through Additive Manufacturing and Remanufacturing," a research project funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, this paper addresses four circular business models, two sales models, and two service models. The guiding research interest of this paper is the combination of remanufacturing and additive manufacturing from a business model perspective, analyzing the extent to which additive remanufacturing can be considered a solution for electric bicycles' circularity. After describing the approach and methods used to develop these four circular business models the business models are described and analyzed using the Business Model Canvas. Based on this analysis, it is shown that the combination of remanufacturing and additive manufacturing can be applied to the electric bicycle market and be integrated into both sales and service models. The description of these business models will help managers design viable business models in the context of sustainable electric bicycles. It also shows that the individual partners within the value chain must collaborate more closely. In the electric bicycle industry, a single company will probably not be able to close the product cycle completely. Further research is needed to develop concepts of the business models and examine their practical feasibility in technical and organizational operations to achieve a circular economy.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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    Economics of waste prevention : second-hand products in Germany (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-11
    Description: Reuse is still seen as a "niche phenomenon" and consumers seem to waste economic opportunities linked to buying and selling second-hand products. For this reason, this paper focuses on incentives and barriers to sell and buy second-hand products, as indicated in the literature, and applies a theoretical framework of transaction costs to explain the existing consumption patterns. For this paper, a representative online survey was conducted in which 1023 consumers in Germany participated, age 16 and older. The data were analyzed for statistically significant deviations between different groups of economic actors selling or buying second-hand products. Results show that valuable unused products exist in households, but barriers such as uncertainties about the reliability of the buyer or the quality of the product hinder the transition into sustainable consumption. Different forms of transaction costs are important explanatory variables to explain why consumers nevertheless predominantly buy new products, although they are aware that second-hand would save money and make an individual contribution to climate protection.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    The growing impact of decentralised actors in power generation : a comparative analysis of the energy transition in Germany and Japan (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-11
    Description: This paper argues that, although Japan's and Germany's energy transition paths differ in detail, a trend towards decentralisation is clearly evident in both countries. Based on comprehensive screening, own stocktaking and the results of a stakeholder dialogue, this paper highlights the motivation for different local actors to enter the energy market in both countries. Although there are challenges to success in a market dominated by large energy companies, this paper argues that the benefits to local communities outweigh the efforts. Overall, it is shown that democratisation and the decentralisation of the energy system are suitable to facilitate a successful transformation process in both countries.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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    Sustainable supply chains : global cooperative regional economies for prosperity and resilience (2021)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Description: Two thirds of today's world trade is based on global value chains and supply networks. Purely regional supply chains have become less important in recent decades. The effects of these globalised structures are manifold. On the one hand, they promote employment and generate prosperity. On the other hand, they are beset by extreme social, ecological and economic imbalances. The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the fragility of existing supply chain systems. The lockdown continues to disrupt complex supply chains and many problems of existing production and consumption continue to worsen. COVID-19 is one example of the crises that can shake globally networked supply chains in the short term. Other crises, such as climate change, develop more insidiously and are less immediately recognisable. Different as they are, such crises have one thing in common: they highlight the vulnerability of global social and economic structures and illustrate the impact of global trade on the regions and people of the world. This is precisely where global sustainability strategy comes in - it aims to fundamentally reduce differences and inequalities in opportunities and quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the entire world into upheaval, creating an opportunity to make sustainability a central political resilience strategy. In the wake of the Corona pandemic, the discussion about resilient communities has flared up. In order to guarantee supply in the face of such crises, these should be more strongly regional and circular in their economic approach and global and sustainable in their perspective. The aim should be sustainable, transparent, non-exploitative supply chains that guarantee the security of supply to cover basic needs and public services despite sudden changes and crises. This discussion paper draws a future scenario of globally cooperative, circular regional economies that fundamentally reduce global inequalities in opportunities and quality of life, while at the same time permanently preserving the natural foundations of life.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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    Climate neutrality in business : ten recommendations for implementation (2021)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Publication Date: 2021-11-26
    Description: More and more companies are announcing their intention to become climate-neutral and numerous companies already offer climate-neutral products or services: From climate-neutral parcel delivery to air travel. But what exactly do the companies' net-zero targets mean? Is the target set ambitious? And what role does offsetting play, i.e., purchasing carbon credits that are accounted against the company's own climate target? The approaches behind the proclaimed targets are often difficult to understand. Against this background, this Zukunftsimpuls provides ten recommendations for the definition and implementation of neutrality targets. Among other things, the authors advocate the use of a robust database as the basis for net-zero targets, emphasize the importance of transparent communication, and highlight the role that offsetting should play. Purchased carbon credits should make as limited a contribution as possible for meeting climate targets and should only be used to offset emissions that cannot be reduced or avoided. More generally, net-zero targets should not be made the sole criterion for ambitious climate strategies. Rather, they are a building block of a much more comprehensive strategy of corporate climate action.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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    Untapped: understanding the consumer in circular economy activities : empirical case studies on consumer behavior and motivation in the context of circular economy (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-09
    Description: With increasing world population and an unsettling resource scarcity in the back, sustainble consumption has moved to the foreground of political, economical and social discussions. One major school-of-thought is Circular Economy (CE), an approach summarizing various sustainable consumption activites under one roof. However, quantitative studies on the consumer are rare, yet crucial for a transfer from linear to circular consumption. This dissertation adds to literature by providing pioneer insights into consumer behavior in CE as an overarching concept, instead limiting research on singular subconcepts. Namely, four consumer activities are studied: recycling, upcycling, renting and sharing. In order to identify relevant insights for both academics and practitioners in CE, the research question ("what drives participation in CE?") is broken down into sub-hypotheses, which are addressed by three empirical studies. Using the SOR-Model (adaption Belk 1975) as overarching logic, the three studies deal with (1) the consumer (and their motivation) and situational stimuli (both (2) offline and (3) online). Respectively, three data sets are consulted to assess the sub-hypotheses and to identify overarching insights on how to accelerate consumer participation in CE, The research methodology employed ranges from a structured equation model (SEM), a random allocation field experiment during Fashion Week in Berlin to a discrete-choice model with best-worst scaling. The dissertation succeeds in revealing that (1) different activities in CE can be summarized in one latent variable, proving CE as a wholesome concept in consumer-related activities; that (2) Trust has a leveraging effect on participation in CE activities. Further, Trust can be enhanced offline via face-to-face interaction and online via third-party online attributes.; and that (3) experience in CE activities affects perception of online attributes, implying the need for adapted measures when dealing with CE-unexperienced consumers as compared to consumers with prior experience in CE activities.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: doctoralthesis , doc-type:doctoralThesis
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    Success factors for the foundation of municipal utilities in Germany (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-15
    Description: More than 150 municipal utilities (so-called Stadtwerke) were established in Germany from the beginning of the millennium, bringing the total number of Stadtwerke currently established within the country to approximately 900. With responsibility for more than half of the supply of electricity, gas and heat in Germany, these Stadtwerke play a central role in the transformation of the energy sector, or Energiewende. In addition, due to their local and regional ties, Stadtwerke have a particular role to play in energy politics, the economy and across society. This article focuses on the motives behind, and grounds for, the current wave of newly established Stadtwerke. Further, it discusses the factors that were critical to the successful formation of new Stadtwerke in recent years. The results of our survey indicate that the establishment of municipal Stadtwerke is a suitable measure to implement the energy transition at the local level, whereby the concept of public value has a high level of importance for the local decision-makers. Collaboration and cooperation, as well as a resilience-oriented strategy, are important success factors for new Stadtwerke.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    The circular business framework for building, developing and steering businesses in the circular economy (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-15
    Description: The need for a transition towards a circular economy (CE) is evident, as the current economic model is based on the exploitation of far more resources than the planet can replenish sustainably. A significant part of this economic transition is the inception of new, CE-oriented startups and business activities. While business model frameworks (BMF), such as the Business Model Canvas (BMC), were at the center of discussions about structuring business ideas in the beginning of the millennium, the conversation must now shift towards circular BMFs (CBMF). This paper follows the Design Research Methodology (DRM) for an empirical approach to devising a novel CBMF, including expert interviews as well as a first application of the framework with a startup. Throughout this process, a new and innovative tool called Circular Business Framework (CBF) was created and tested based on CE principles.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    The role of aggregators in facilitating industrial demand response : evidence from Germany (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-07
    Description: Industrial demand response can play an important part in balancing the intermittent production from a growing share of renewable energies in electricity markets. This paper analyses the role of aggregators - intermediaries between participants and power markets - in facilitating industrial demand response. Based on the results from semi-structured interviews with German demand response aggregators, as well as a wider stakeholder online survey, we examine the role of aggregators in overcoming barriers to industrial demand response. We find that a central role for aggregators is to raise awareness for the potentials of demand response, as well as to support implementation by engaging key actors in industrial companies. Moreover, we develop a taxonomy that helps analyse how the different functional roles of aggregators create economic value. We find that there is considerable heterogeneity in the kind of services that aggregators offer, many of which do create significant economic value. However, some of the functional roles that aggregators currently fill may become obsolete once market barriers to demand response are reduced or knowledge on demand response becomes more diffused.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    An integrated climate-industrial policy as the core of the European green deal (2020)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
    Description: The European Union (EU) has established that the goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2050 as a key driver of innovation and growth for industry and the economy in the EU. In addition to offering great opportunities, this also poses considerable challenges for the European economy and, for the most part, for basic industries, which are particularly emission-intensive and face strong international competition. An integrated climate and industry strategy is of central importance to protecting the climate, since the production of steel, cement, basic chemicals, glass, paper, and other materials in the EU and worldwide accounts for roughly one fifth of total greenhouse gas emissions. Even in a greenhouse gas-neutral future, we will not be able to fully eliminate our need for these materials. At the same time, it is particularly challenging to produce these materials without creating emissions given the state of technology and the necessary infrastructures. This applies above all to the question of how large amounts of green energy, including electricity and hydrogen, can be produced at competitive prices. Analyses show that despite the considerable costs involved in process changeover, the costs of transforming the raw materials industry are acceptable to society as a whole, given that the additional costs usually only increase the price of the end products by a few percentage points. However, in the case of crude steel or cement, the price would increase by between one third and 100 per cent. Since almost all raw materials manufacturers face strong global market competition, in most cases they are not able to bankroll the investments in climate-neutral production and the required energy infrastructure without outside support. This paper outlines an integrated climate industrial policy package that allows the EU to utilise its existing technological leadership in many of these industries to build a greenhouse gas-neutral raw materials industry.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Surviving the energy transition : development of a proposal for evaluating sustainable business models for incumbents in Germany's electricity market (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-06
    Description: In the light of Germany's chosen path towards the energy transition, the regulatory framework has changed considerably. New players have succeeded in entering the market, and renewable energies have become increasingly competitive. Greater electrification of the transport and heating sectors will be needed in the future to achieve national climate targets. Against this background, Germany's big energy companies need to be sure that their sales will increase. However, they were unable to anticipate this development, and made strategic mistakes in the past. The development of sustainable business models in line with the energy transition failed to materialize. Now it is becoming increasingly clear that companies must create new business models to survive in the long term. These business models have to keep with the tradition, whilst meeting the needs of low-carbon power supplies. In this paper, we will examine the past and future challenges of the four energy companies and develop a proposal for evaluating sustainable business models. For this purpose, we use the multi-level perspective to categorize developments in the electricity market over the last 50 years, and then apply a multi-criteria analysis to derive five suitable business models from the results.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Effectiveness and efficiency of food-waste prevention policies, circular economy, and food industry (2020)
    London : Academic Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-04
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Topology, typology, and dynamics of commons-based peer production : on platforms, actors, and innovation in the maker movement (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-18
    Description: In this paper, we aim to present a comprehensive analysis on the emerging phenomenon of distributed innovation in commons-based peer production (CBPP) platforms. Starting with the exploration of the widely held belief on value-creation confined to industrial settings, we raise several questions regarding the feasibility of, and a need for, an inclusive innovation process that can tap grassroots capacity into both traditional (industrial research and development) and emerging (peer-to-peer) innovation models to yield sustainable solutions. In particular, we explore the emergence and structuration of digital innovations in the maker movement, as it presents an alternative construct of innovation wherein access to and sharing of knowledge is predominantly distributed. With innovation outcomes often freely revealed, its very structuration could pose a principal challenge to our conceptualizations of value creation and competitive advantage in the current economic model. Drawing from responses received from 200 collaborative innovation platforms, six semi‐structured interviews focusing on socio-technical innovation cases, as well as four in-depth narrative interviews with maker turned entrepreneurs, we present a detailed analysis on the topology of network, typology of actors, as well as the underlying innovation ecosystem in CBPP networks in Germany. In doing so, we contribute to the conceptualization of peer-to-peer distributed innovations in collaborative platforms.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Prevention of plastic waste in production and consumption by multi-actor partnerships (2020)
    Bonn : PREVENT Waste Alliance
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The study sheds light on the background of the prevention of plastic waste from packaging and disposable products by explaining the need for action, the environmental impacts and risks to human health. Experiences of the members of the PREVENT Waste Alliance and their partners in the prevention of plastic waste by multi-actor partnerships are presented by means of 17 best practice examples. Finally, the study gives recommendations for the reduction of plastic waste and the further work of the PREVENT Waste Alliance. These include success factors for waste prevention, necessary next steps and conclusions regarding the necessary political framework conditions.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Status and development prospects of IRP/LCP activities in Germany (2019)
    Bochum : Ponte Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-07
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    The evolution of industry 4.0 and its impact on the knowledge base for the circular economy (2019)
    Jakarta : Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Managing the transition to industry 4.0 through multilevel governance systems (2019)
    Jakarta : Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    What role do transaction costs play in energy efficiency improvements and how can they be reduced? (2019)
    Stockholm : European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Ex-ante policy evaluation requires a detailed understanding of how the subjects addressed by the policy react to its implementation. In the context of energy efficiency, policy measures typically aim at influencing investment decisions towards more efficient options. As has been discussed widely in the context of the "energy efficiency gap", investments in energy efficiency improvements are frequently not conducted even though they seem cost-effective from a simple cost-benefit perspective, where transaction costs have been identified as one important barrier. While transaction costs have been discussed widely from a conceptional perspective, empirical studies quantifying transaction costs and measures to reduce them are rare. This paper presents approaches, results and insights from a recently completed research project funded by the German Federal Energy Efficiency Center (BfEE), addressing transaction costs in various energy efficiency measures and the role of energy efficiency services to overcome the barrier. We analyse a set of 11 energy efficiency investments covering private households, public institutions and the industry sector. We gather data on direct investment costs and energy cost savings and provide a detailed analysis of the various barriers and transaction costs associated with the implementation. We then analyse the costs of existing energy efficiency services using data provided by the BfEE. We compare the different cost elements and analyze the potential of energy efficiency services to reduce transaction costs. We find that the role of transaction costs differs substantially between households, public institutions and companies and that the impact of energy efficiency services on transaction costs needs to be evaluated using different methodological approaches. We conclude that while data availability on disaggregated transaction costs is a major challenge, energy services can reduce transaction costs considerably.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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    Research study on holistic indicators for waste prevention (2019)
    Brussels : Zero Waste Europe
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Because prevention is closely linked to complex consumption patterns, even cultural changes, such as increasing environmental awareness, changes in the average size of households or changes in the industrial structure of an economy, are relevant factors for the interpretation of changes in the generation of waste - it is more or less impossible to isolate the effect of specific waste prevention measures in this complex system. This must be considered, in particular, in international comparisons of policies and their potential transferability. The guidelines of the European Commission on waste prevention also point to the particular problem of data availability in the area of prevention: as waste statistics focus mainly on the treatment and fate of wastes, they are often of limited value for prevention of waste because they don't give sufficient information about their origins or reasons for their generation. Against this background, this report has the following objectives: Chapter 2 discusses strengths and weaknesses of typical waste-based prevention indicators; Chapter 3 analyses possible indicators that consider an upstream perspective and take into account the ecological rucksacks of products and components that have become waste; Chapter 4 focuses on specific product groups that could be targeted by waste prevention indicators. In general, the report describes the complexity of measuring waste prevention and outlines pros and cons of possible approaches. The final chapter aims to draw rather pragmatic conclusions on possibly most preferable options for future policy-making.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Assessing the impacts of EU regulatory barriers on innovation : final report (2018)
    Luxembourg : Publications Office of the Europ. Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-07
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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    The digital circular economy : can the digital transformation pave the way for resource-efficient materials cycles? (2018)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-04
    Description: Germany's waste management system is one of the world's most advanced - its primary objective is to dispose of waste in a way that is safe for both people and the environ- ment. However, only about 14 per cent of the raw materials used in industry are derived from recycling processes; the remainder are still sourced from primary materials. The circular economy is not yet being implemented on a large enough scale. Recyclates or recycled materials, i.e. secondary raw materials recovered from waste, are being fed back into production and usage processes at volumes that are far below what is possible. If this system were to be improved, loss of value, dependence on volatile commodity markets, lower resource productivity, and externalities in the form of environmental pollution could be avoided. A drive towards digitalisation in industry and the waste management sector could make this happen. A study by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) indicates that no other lead market in the environmental sector stands to benefit from digitalisation more than the circular economy - and that, at the same time, no sector has ever been so poorly positioned.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    The National Top Runner Initiative (NTRI) in Germany : retailers as gatekeepers between manufacturers and consumers ; how to address retailers to promote energy efficient appliances (2018)
    Luxembourg : Publications Office of the Europ. Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: In addition to the expansion of renewable energies, the efficient use of energy is crucial in order to ensure energy transition successful. The Federal Government of Germany has therefore set itself clear objectives with the National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NAPE), which aims to reduce the primary energy consumption in Germany - compared to 2008 levels - by 20 per cent until 2020, and by 50 per cent until 2050. In addition, greenhouse gas emissions should fall by 40 per cent compared to 1990. To reach this goal, the German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) inter alia launched the "National Top Runner Initiative (NTRI)" in January 2016. It is an important component and concerns private homes, as well as industry, retail and services. The NTRI is intended to bring energy efficient and high-quality appliances (so called Top Runners) onto the market more quickly, thus accelerate market replacement. For this purpose, motivation, knowledge and competence in product-related energy efficiency is to be strengthened and expanded along the whole value chain - from the appliance manufacturer to the retailer and the consumer. Manufacturers are pushed to develop more efficient products and consumers get valuable information about Top-Runner products and how they can benefit. In this context, retailers are especially relevant as they act as "gatekeeper" between manufacturers and consumers. They play a key role in advancing an energy efficient production and consumption. They do not only select the products but they also have a direct contact to consumers and influence the purchase decision. In this paper, special emphasis will be put on the role of retailers and the efforts of the National Top Runner Initiative will be illustrated. Barriers and incentives to motivate this target group will be elaborated.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Digital platforms as market places for the circular economy : requirements and challenges (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Digital platforms may yield a host of advantages in putting circular economy into effect. This paper analyses the related chances and discusses requirements of digital platforms for the realization of a circular economy. It specifically points to potential solutions offered by digital platforms for existing barriers. From there it identifies issues that need specific attendance to create economically and ecologically functional platforms. Three economically relevant perspectives are discussed for this: a management perspective, a legislative perspective and a social/systems perspective.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Sustainable Tourism and Natural Resource Conservation in the Polar Regions (2018)
    Basel, Beijing, Wuhan : MDPI
    Details
    Keywords: Tourism ; Polar Regions ; Natural resources ; Nature conservation ; Governance ; Peripheral communities ; Global change
    Description / Table of Contents: Barr, B. “An ounce of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure”: Adopting Landscape-Level Precautionary Approaches to Preserve Arctic Coastal Heritage Resources. Resources 2017, 6(2), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources6020018 --- Bickford, N.; Smith, L.; Bickford, S.; Bice, M.; Ranglack, D.H. Evaluating the Role of CSR and SLO in Ecotourism: Collaboration for Economic and Environmental Sustainability of Arctic Resources. Resources 2017, 6(2), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources6020021 --- Manley, B.; Elliot, S.; Jacobs, S. Expedition Cruising in the Canadian Arctic: Visitor Motives and the Influence of Education Programming on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours. Resources 2017, 6(3), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources6030023 --- Johnston, M.; Dawson, J.; Maher, P. Strategic Development Challenges in Marine Tourism in Nunavut. Resources 2017, 6(3), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources6030025 --- Bystrowska, M.; Wigger, K.; Liggett, D. The Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Managing High Arctic Tourism Sites: A Collective Action Perspective. Resources 2017, 6(3), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources6030033 --- Aase, J. The Ortelius Incident in the Hinlopen Strait—A Case Study on How Satellite-Based AIS Can Support Search and Rescue Operations in Remote Waters. Resources 2017, 6(3), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources6030035 --- Stewart, E.; Espiner, S.; Liggett, D.; Taylor, Z. The Forgotten Islands: Monitoring Tourist Numbers and Managing Tourism Impacts on New Zealand’s Subantarctic Islands. Resources 2017, 6(3), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources6030038 --- Huijbens, E.; Lamers, M. Sustainable Tourism and Natural Resource Conservation in the Polar Regions: An Editorial. Resources 2017, 6(3), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources6030045
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 115 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Edition: Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Resources
    ISBN: 9783038970125
    URL: http://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/689
    Language: English
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    The social costs of electricity generation : categorising different types of costs and evaluating their respective relevance (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-06
    Description: Various electricity generation technologies using different primary energy sources are available. Many published studies compare the costs of these technologies. However, most of those studies only consider plant-level costs and do not fully take into account additional costs that societies may face in using these technologies. This article reviews the literature on the costs of electricity generation technologies, aiming to determine which types of costs are relevant from a societal point of view when comparing generation technologies. The paper categorises the relevant types of costs, differentiating between plant-level, system and external costs as the main categories. It discusses the relevance of each type of cost for each generation technology. The findings suggest that several low-carbon electricity generation technologies exhibit lower social costs per kWh than the currently dominant technologies using fossil fuels. More generally, the findings emphasise the importance of taking not only plant-level costs, but also system and external costs, into account when comparing electricity generation technologies from a societal point of view. The article intends to inform both policymakers and energy system modellers, the latter who may strive to include all relevant types of costs in their models.
    Keywords: ddc:330
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    Remunicipalisation and foundation of municipal utilities in the German energy sector : details about newly established enterprises (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-30
    Description: Since the majority of network concession contracts in Germany were set to expire some time between 2005 and 2016, a window of opportunity arose in which to rebuild and remunicipalise the local energy supply. As a result, 72 new local power companies were established in Germany within the space of just seven years (between early 2005 and late 2012). This paper provides an introduction to the topic of establishing municipal utilities in Germany. The findings were identified on the basis of the comprehensive screening of all newly established municipal utilities in Germany. Our analysis provides information about regional concentration, the size of municipalities, the legal forms of the newly founded municipal public utilities and the role of strategic partnerships. The key findings are that remunicipalisation is not a question of size and that knowledge gaps may be closed by entering into close strategic partnerships.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    MBL Announcement Letter (2017)
    Arizona Board of Regents | Marine Biological Laboratory Archives
    In:  MBL Archives, Box 68
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Typed letter announcing the formation of the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, and enlisting support for it
    Description: Correspondence
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    MBL first builders agreement (2017)
    Arizona Board of Regents | Marine Biological Laboratory Archives
    In:  MBL Archives, Box 68
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: yellowed paper contract (original)
    Description: Bill from Miller, Ladd & Co. Contractors and Builders to Charles S. Minot for the construction of the first building at the Marine Biological Laboratory. The total estimate is $3940.45. Bill is signed by Charles S. Minot and William Sedgwick (on behalf of the trustees).
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    MBL Notice to the Commonwealth (2017)
    Arizona Board of Regents | Marine Biological Laboratory Archives
    In:  MBL Archives, Box 68
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: yellowed paper (original)
    Description: Notice to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts of the establishment of the Marine Biological Laboratory, complete with the seal of the commonwealth. The document reads, "No. 3170. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Be it known that whereas Alpheus Hyatt, William Stanford Stevens, William T. Sedgwick, Edward G. Gardiner, Susan Minns, Charles Sedgwick Minot, Samuel Wells, William G. Farlow, Anna D. Phillips, and Bob Van Vleck have associated themselves with the intention of forming a corporation under the name of the Marine Biological Laboratory for the purpose of establishing and maintaining a laboratory or station for scientific study and investigations, and a school for instruction in biology and natural history, and have complied with the provisions of the Statutes of this Commonwealth in such cas made and provided, as appears from the certificate of the President, Treasurer and Trustess of said corporation, duly approved by the Commissioner of Corporations, and recorded in this office: Now therefore, I, Henry B. Peirce, Secretary of the Commonwealth of massachusetts, do hereby certify that said A Hyatt, W.S. Stevens, W.T. Sedgwick, E.G. Gardiner, S. Minns, C.S. Minot, S. Wells, W.G. Farlow, A.D. Phillips, and B.H. Van Vleck, their associates and successors, are legally organized and established as and are hereby made an existing corporation under the name of the Marine Biological Laboratory, with the powers, rights and privileges, and subject to the limitations, duties and restrictions, which by law appertain hereto." Signed and sealed by Henry B. Peirce.
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    1958 MBL campus inspection report (2017)
    Arizona Board of Regents | Marine Biological Laboratory Archives
    In:  MBL Archives, Donald Lehy Collection Box 106, Folder 5
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Book containing 41 black and white photographs of MBL buildings and a map of the MBL campus
    Description: Report was submitted by Dwight Rudd and Company of Boston, MA
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Campus ; Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    MBL First Budget (2017)
    Arizona Board of Regents | Marine Biological Laboratory Archives
    In:  MBL Archives, Box 68
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: yellowed letterhead from Massachusetts Institute of Technology with handwritten budget
    Description: Handwritten initial budget for the MBL showing allocations for equipment, land, building, fisherman, etc.
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    MBL Notice of First Meeting (2017)
    Arizona Board of Regents | Marine Biological Laboratory Archives
    In:  MBL Archives, Box 68
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: yellowed paper (original)
    Description: Page 1 reads, "The Marine Biological Laboratory [handwritten]; Notice of First Meeting" Page 2 reads, "You are hereby notified that the first meeting of the subscribers to an agreement ot associate themselves with the intention to constitute a Corporation to be known by the name of The Marine Biological Laboratory [handwritten] dated February 27th 1888, for the purpose of organizing said Corporation by the adoption of by-laws and election of officers [left blank] and the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting, will be held on Tuesday the 13th day of March, 1888, at 4:30 o'clock P.M. at the library of the Boston Society of Natural History, Berkeley Stret, Boston." Signed Samuel Mills, February 27th 1888. The notice continues, "March 3rd 1888. I certify that I have served the foregoing notice upon each of the subscribers by copy served as follows: delivered in hand, seven days at least before the day fixed for the first meeting." Signed Samuel Mills. The notice ends, "March 3rd 1888. Subscribed and sworn to, Before me, Francis L Hayes, Justice of the peace."
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    MBL Agreement of Association (2017)
    Arizona Board of Regents | Marine Biological Laboratory Archives
    In:  MBL Archives, Box 68
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: yellowed paper (original)
    Description: MBL Agreement of Association. Paper documenting the establishment of the Marine Biological Laboratory. The agreement reads, "The name by which the Corporation shall be known is The Marine Biological Laboratory. The purpose for which the Corporation is constituted is to establish and maintain a laboratory or station for scientific study and investigation, and a school for instruction in biology and natural history." The document is signed by Alpheus Hyatt and nine others, including Charles Sedwick Minot.
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    Selling solar services as a contribution to a circular economy (2016)
    Brussels : Joint Inst. for Innovation Policy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-19
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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    Germany on the road to a circular economy? (2016)
    Bonn : Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-04
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    A review of factors influencing the cost development of electricity generation technologies (2016)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-07
    Description: This article reviews the literature on the past cost dynamics of various renewable, fossil fuel and nuclear electricity generation technologies. It identifies 10 different factors which have played key roles in influencing past cost developments according to the literature. These 10 factors are: deployment-induced learning, research, development and demonstration (RD&D)-induced learning, knowledge spillovers from other technologies, upsizing, economies of manufacturing scale, economies of project scale, changes in material and labour costs, changes in fuel costs, regulatory changes, and limits to the availability of suitable sites. The article summarises the relevant literature findings for each of these 10 factors and provides an overview indicating which factors have impacted on which generation technologies. The article also discusses the insights gained from the review for a better understanding of possible future cost developments of electricity generation technologies. Finally, future research needs, which may support a better understanding of past and future cost developments, are identified.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Integrating resource efficiency in business strategies : a mixed-method approach for environmental life cycle assessment in the single-serve coffee value chain (2016)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Businesses are under increasing pressure to improve the resource efficiency of their products and services. There is a need for practical tools that enable businesses to implement resource efficiency in their value chains. In this paper, a mixed-method approach for assessing the life-cycle-wide use of natural resources in products and services is applied in a case study on a coffee value chain of the company Mars Incorporated. Material inputs along the entire chain were assessed quantitatively using the Material Input Per unit of Service method, while a semi-quantitative Hot Spot Analysis was performed to identify environmental hot spots. This mixed-method approach has been implemented for the first time in practice to assess the value-chain-wide resource consumption and environmental impacts within a specific value chain of Mars Incorporated. The paper concludes that combining the methods provides better insights into the value chain than using just one of either of the methods alone. For the company, the approach has proven to be practicable because it identifies improvement options and their value-chain-wide resource efficiency potential.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Reforming the EU VAT system to support the transition to a low-carbon and resource efficient economy (2016)
    Cheltenham : Elgar
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: This chapter discusses the question of ecologically differentiated value added taxes (VAT) as a tool to overcome tax-related cognitive barriers by connecting to an existing tax system. This is elaborated along several aspects: (a) The role indirect of consumption taxes for the economy, (b) the legal issues of the VAT system, (c) the EU harmonization efforts in this context, (d) the distributional implications of value added taxes. Following this, the chapter develops a proposal for a VAT reform (e). To this end, it looks at potential and existing differentiations between sectors, products and services, and product and service groups and turns to those consumption areas that are widely identified as particularly resource and carbon intensive and sets out how a harmonization of the overall system and an ecological differentiation in single consumption areas could be brought together. Potential impacts and effects are briefly discussed (f) and some conclusions are drawn (g). The subject addressed in the chapter is relevant from a policy perspective but mainly descriptive: It does not use innovative qualitative and quantitative tools.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Proposal to establish a marine biological laboratory (2016)
    Marine Biological Laboratory
    In:  MBL Archives, Manuscript Collection, Box 119, Folder 1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Proposal to establish a marine biological laboratory
    Description: Includes solicitation of subscriptions
    Description: Correspondence
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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  • 93
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    Certificate of Affiliation, Marine Biological Laboratory and University of Chicago (2016)
    Marine Biological Laboratory
    In:  MBL Archives, Manuscript Collection, Box 119, Folder 4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Certificate of affiliation between the Marine Biological Laboratory and the University of Chicago
    Description: Correspondence
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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    Massachusetts Certificate of Incorporation for the Marine Biological Laboratory (2016)
    Marine Biological Laboratory
    In:  MBL Archives, Manuscript Collection, Box 119, Folder 2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Official certificate of incorporation from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts to establish the Marine Biological Laboratory
    Description: Purpose "to establish and maintain a laboratory or station for scientific study and investigation, and a school for instruction in biology and natural history"
    Description: Correspondence
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    MBL Agreement of Association (2016)
    Marine Biological Laboratory
    In:  MBL Archives, Manuscript Collection, Box 119, Folder 1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Document establishing the Marine Biological Laboratory as a Massachusetts corporation
    Description: Purpose "to establish and maintain a laboratory or station for scientific study and investigation, and a school for instruction in biology and natural history"
    Description: Correspondence
    Keywords: Governance
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 96
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    Carbon as investment risk : the influence of fossil fuel divestment on decision making at Germany's main power providers (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-23
    Description: German electricity giants have recently taken high-level decisions to remove selected fossil fuel operations from their company portfolio. This new corporate strategy could be seen as a direct response to the growing global influence of the fossil fuel divestment campaign. In this paper we ask whether the divestment movement currently exerts significant influence on decision-making at the top four German energy giants - E.On, RWE, Vattenfall and EnBW. We find that this is not yet the case. After describing the trajectory of the global fossil fuel divestment campaign, we outline four alternative influences on corporate strategy that, currently, are having a greater impact than the divestment movement on Germany's power sector. In time, however, clear political decisions and strong civil support may increase the significance of climate change concerns in the strategic management of the German electricity giants.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Industry (2015)
    Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-01
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 98
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    Waste prevention in Europe : the status in 2013 (2015)
    Luxembourg : Publications Office of the Europ. Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-04
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 99
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    Towards the circular economy : waste contracting (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-07
    Description: The transition towards a circular economy is high on the political agenda and support for innovative business models can be seen as one of the key strategies for its implementation. Nevertheless most of these business models rely on an increasing generation of waste and thus undermine the prevention of waste as top of the waste hierarchy. The paper aims to link this debate to more systemic eco-innovations that offer economic market potentials by reduced material inputs and waste generation. This directs the attention to sufficiency strategies that surpass the level of individual consumer choices and regards the potentials of entrepreneurial sufficiency strategies. It takes the example of waste contracting modelsin Germany as a possible approach of resource-light business models that provide existing utility aspects with altered consumption patterns and decreased resource consumption. It describes environmental and economic benefits and draws conclusions on necessary policy framework conditions.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Decoupling economic growth from resource consumption : a transformation strategy with manifold socio-economic benefits for India and Germany (2015)
    Berlin : Dt. Ges. für Internat. Zusammenarbeit
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-19
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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