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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: L’étude porte sur l’évolution du pH et de la température au cours de la transformation artisanale du Cymbium, ainsi que sur les perspectives de valorisation du produit transformé. Les expérimentations menées au site de transformation artisanale de Joal ont permis de constater que : Après 12 heures de séjour en bac (1ère nuit), le Cymbium est encore en phase de rigor mortis. Le pH moyen affiché à l’issue de cette première nuit est de 7,6 ; donc proche de celui du mollusque vivant ; Le pH moyen du produit fini est légèrement acide et se situe entre 6,3 et 6,4. Donc le yeet de Joal est très peu fermenté ; Les difficultés de séchage notées sont dues : soit au manque de maîtrise des paramètres tels que, la température, l’humidité relative et la vitesse de l’air, soit à l’absence de protection du produit en cours de séchage contre les intempéries. Les essais sur les perspectives de valorisation montrent que : 47,64% du poids du Cymbium dépourvu de sa coquille font l’objet de rejets sous forme de rebuts (surtout en milieu industriel) ; Les enzymes végétales que sont, la bromélaïne, contenue dans le jus d’ananas, et la papaïne, contenue dans le latex de papaye, ainsi que les acides organiques contenus dans le vinaigre et le jus de citron, favorisent l’acidification et accélèrent la fermentation, tout en améliorant le goût, l’odeur et la texture du produit fini ; Les meilleurs résultats sont obtenus dans le cas de la fermentation sous température contrôlée, au laboratoire, où le pH du produit fini se situe entre 4,3 et 4,7. Enfin, sur l’ensemble de l’étude, il est prouvé que les rendements obtenus pour les produits ayant subi un processus de transformation complète (dans le cas des essais sur les perspectives de valorisation) sont faibles par rapport à ceux transformés à Joal. Ces rendements vont de : 2,88 à 28,57% pour le premier groupe de produits ct 31,4 à 58,3% pour le second groupe de produits.
    Description: Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Institut Universitaire de Pêche et d'Aquaculture, Dakar (Senegal)
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: cymbium; transformation artisanale; biologie; commercialisation; fermentation; séchage; température; pH; statistiques
    Keywords: pH ; Marketing ; Biology ; Fermentation ; Drying ; Temperature ; Processing fishery products ; Fermentation ; Biology ; Marketing ; Drying ; Temperature ; Statistics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Bachelor thesis
    Format: 132
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2009-11-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 6;326(5954):788-91. doi: 10.1126/science.326_788.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19892956" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes/economics/organization & administration ; Anthropology ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Germany ; Germany, East ; Physics ; Research Personnel ; Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: La creciente importancia que los recursos de calamar han adquirido en 105 últimos 30 años, los sitúa actualmente entre los más importantes recursos pesqueros del mundo. En consecuencia, paises tradicionalmente no explotadores o consumidores de productos de calamar, han orientado sus esfuerzos hacia el logro de un mejor conocimiento de las especies de cefalópodos que habitan su ambiente marino. En este sentido el aporte de disciplinas tales como la biología ha sido decisivo para desarrollar en forma exitosa pesquerías de calamar, entre otras.El programa de investigaciones del Instituto Nacional de Pesca para 1980 incluyó el estudio integral de la explotación de los calamares como un primer paso hacia el desarrollo de una pesquería del recurso. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de un estudio de los aspectos biológicos de la especie más importante del área: Illex argentinus y forma parte de una serie de tres documentos técnicos escritos por el autor referentes a recursos de calamar. Dichos documentos están relacionados con la tecnología de captura y la producción y comercialización del calamar en el Uruguay.
    Description: The growing importance of the squid resources during the last 30 years place them among the more important fish resources of the world. Therefore countries traditional1y non exploiters or consumers of squid products gave steps toward a better knowledge of the species of cephalopods inhabiting their marine environment. For instance, the contribution of subjects such as the biology lead to a successful development of squid fisheries, among others. The 1980 research program of the National Fisheries Institute included an integral study of the exploitation of the squids as a first step toward the development of a squid fishery. This paper presents the results of a study on the biological aspects of the principal species of the area: Illex argentinus. It is part of three technical reports written by the author on squid resources. These reports are fishery technology and production & marketing of squids in Uruguay.
    Description: Montevideo: Instituto Nacional de Pesca
    Description: Published
    Description: Illex argentinus, calamar, ZCP, biología, comportamiento, condiciones ambientales, desove, reproducción, relación de sexos, madurez sexual, crecimiento, frecuencia de longitudes, migraciones
    Keywords: Population structure ; Spawning ; Length ; Growth ; Biology ; Environmental conditions ; Spawning grounds ; Sex ratio ; Sexual maturity ; Reproduction ; Behaviour ; Biology ; Environmental conditions ; Population structure ; Spawning ; Spawning grounds ; Sex ratio ; Sexual maturity ; Reproduction ; Length ; Behaviour ; Migrations ; Growth
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 50
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2008-11-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 21;322(5905):1184-5. doi: 10.1126/science.322.5905.1184.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19023058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academies and Institutes/economics/*history ; Biology ; History, 20th Century ; Pathology ; Romania
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2008-03-22
    Description: Minerals are more complex than previously thought because of the discovery that their chemical properties vary as a function of particle size when smaller, in at least one dimension, than a few nanometers, to perhaps as much as several tens of nanometers. These variations are most likely due, at least in part, to differences in surface and near-surface atomic structure, as well as crystal shape and surface topography as a function of size in this smallest of size regimes. It has now been established that these variations may make a difference in important geochemical and biogeochemical reactions and kinetics. This recognition is broadening and enriching our view of how minerals influence the hydrosphere, pedosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hochella, Michael F Jr -- Lower, Steven K -- Maurice, Patricia A -- Penn, R Lee -- Sahai, Nita -- Sparks, Donald L -- Twining, Benjamin S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Mar 21;319(5870):1631-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1141134.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for NanoBioEarth, Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA 24061-0420, USA. hochella@vt.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18356515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Biology ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Humans ; *Minerals/chemistry/metabolism ; *Nanoparticles ; Oceans and Seas ; Particle Size ; Solubility ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Keywords: Biology ; Data processing ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Materials ; Nanotechnology
    ISBN: 9781402081897
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Biology ; Data processing ; Biomedical engineering ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Materials
    ISBN: 9781402081842
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2007-11-17
    Description: Artificial biochemical circuits are likely to play as large a role in biological engineering as electrical circuits have played in the engineering of electromechanical devices. Toward that end, nucleic acids provide a designable substrate for the regulation of biochemical reactions. However, it has been difficult to incorporate signal amplification components. We introduce a design strategy that allows a specified input oligonucleotide to catalyze the release of a specified output oligonucleotide, which in turn can serve as a catalyst for other reactions. This reaction, which is driven forward by the configurational entropy of the released molecule, provides an amplifying circuit element that is simple, fast, modular, composable, and robust. We have constructed and characterized several circuits that amplify nucleic acid signals, including a feedforward cascade with quadratic kinetics and a positive feedback circuit with exponential growth kinetics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, David Yu -- Turberfield, Andrew J -- Yurke, Bernard -- Winfree, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 16;318(5853):1121-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, MC 136-93, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA91125, USA. dzhang@dna.caltech.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006742" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catalysis ; Chemical Engineering ; *Computers, Molecular ; DNA/*chemistry ; Entropy ; Equipment Design ; Feedback, Physiological ; Mice ; Nanotechnology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rabbits
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2007-05-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, Eliot -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1112.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525309" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biology ; *Federal Government ; History, 21st Century ; Minnesota ; Nobel Prize ; Politics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Keywords: Biomass conversion ; Biotechnology ; Chemical Engineering ; Chemistry industry ; Industrial Chemistry ; Kent ; Riegel ; biochemical engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: Substantially revising and updating the classic reference in the field, this handbook offers a valuable overview and myriad details on current chemical processes, products, and practices. No other source offers as much data on the chemistry, engineering, economics, and infrastructure of the industry. The Handbook serves a spectrum of individuals, from those who are directly involved in the chemical industry to others in related industries and activities. It provides not only the underlying science and technology for important industry sectors, but also broad coverage of critical supporting topics. Industrial processes and products can be much enhanced through observing the tenets and applying the methodologies found in chapters on Green Engineering and Chemistry (specifically, biomass conversion), Practical Catalysis, and Environmental Measurements; as well as expanded treatment of Safety, chemistry plant security, and Emergency Preparedness. Understanding these factors allows them to be part of the total process and helps achieve optimum results in, for example, process development, review, and modification. Important topics in the energy field, namely nuclear, coal, natural gas, and petroleum, are covered in individual chapters. Other new chapters include energy conversion, energy storage, emerging nanoscience and technology. Updated sections include more material on biomass conversion, as well as three chapters covering biotechnology topics, namely, Industrial Biotechnology, Industrial Enzymes, and Industrial Production of Therapeutic Proteins.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 1562 pages)
    ISBN: 9780387278438
    Language: English
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This journal is published by NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Description: General pattern of gonadal development in female Trachinotus ovatus was divided into six maturity stages, which are; immature, maturing, nearly ripe, ripe, spawning and spent stages. The maximum value of gonadosomatic index (GSI) was attained in June and July. Total protein content in ovaries varied according to different maturity stages recording maximum value at immature ovaries and minimum at spawning and spent ovaries. The values of GSI in ovaries were inversely correlated to their total protein content at different maturity stages. Seven amino acids (proline, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine and histidine) were found to increase significantly in ripe ovary, followed by a significant decrease in both spawning and completely spent ovaries. While, arginine and threonine reached their maximum concentration in the spawning period. On the other hand, serine amino acid reached their minimum value in the ripe ovary. Total lipid contents of ovaries reached their minimal values at immature stage, while the maximum recorded value was at the nearly ripe gonad. The ovarian total lipid contents approximately followed the same manner of the GSI according to the different maturity stages except in spawning period. Many differences were detected in fatty acid concentrations in female Trachinotus ovatus ovaries in relation to different maturity stages. Eicosapentaenoic acid content varied according to the stage of sexual maturity. While, the maximum recorded value of arachidonic acid was at the ripe stage. Palmitic acid and oleic acid had the highest concentrations among fatty acids, while those with low concentrations were pentadecanoic acid and gadoleic acid.
    Description: NIOF
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Trachinotus ovatus ; Ovaries ; Total proteins and amino acids ; Total lipids and fatty acids ; Biology ; Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Thèse
    Description: Résumé : En Mauritanie, un constat clair met en évidence une tendance de sur-exploitation « en série» des stocks à haute valeur, des Mugilidés; le mulet jaune premièrement, puis ensuite le mulet noir et le mulet doré (espèces pouvant être considérées de substitution). L’exploitation intensive du mulet jaune à partir de 1996 a conduit au ciblage du mulet noir à partir de 1998 et puis, plus récemment encore, celui du mulet doré en 2001. L’absence d’une gestion rationnelle risque de conduire, dans moins de sept ans à la quasi-disparition de ces ressources (logiquement renouvelables). C’est dans ce contexte de baisses des rendements, auquel s’ajoute la dégradation des zones littorales par l’action anthropique sans cesse croissante, que ce travail a permis d’approfondir les connaissances scientifiques du domaine paralique en général, des zones de dilutions en particulier et d’étudier les structures démographiques (taille, âge, sex-ratio) et la reproduction (saison et aire de ponte) des trois Mugilidae les plus ciblés. Ce travail explique également, les stratégies d’occupation du littoral atlantique mauritanien en différentes périodes par ces trois poissons très côtiers, donc fortement affectés par les changements environnementaux et les diverses activités littorales (impacts des ouvrages construits dans cette zone). Il a montré l’existence de divergences dans les préférences de l’occupation des milieux par ces ressources et même leurs tolérances aux conditions climatiques pour l’accomplissement des différentes phases de leurs cycles de vie. On retrouve les adultes des trois espèces, avec des abondances saisonnières très marquées, sur la bande côtière de faible profondeur (moins de 30 m) en déplacement nord - sud pour la reproduction et sud - nord pour l’alimentation. La répartition en fonction du milieu et de l’âge montre une fois encore que les adultes de Liza aurata sont résidants au nord du Banc d’Arguin et dans la baie du Lévrier et n’effectuent que des migrations limitées dans cet espace, tandis que les juvéniles peuvent être emportés par les courants jusqu’à Nouakchott et même à l’embouchure. Quant aux adultes des Mugil cephalus et Mugil capurrii, ils accomplissent intégralement leur cycle de vie en mer et seuls les juvéniles pondus à la proximité du delta du fleuve rentrent dans l’estuaire pour rester environ deux ans et demi avant de regagner définitivement la mer à nouveau. Ce schéma n’exclu pas les possibilités de rencontrer, même accidentellement la L. aurata au bas delta du Sénégal ou bien évidemment les autres espèces dont les déplacements sont fortement liés aux conditions hydroclimatiques. Abstract : In Mauritania there is clear evidence of an overfishing tendency “in series” of high value stocks of Mugilidae; in decreasing degree of importance of the Common Grey Mullet, then the Narrow-head Grey Mullet and finally the Golden Gray Mullet (a species that can be considered as a surrogate species). The intensive exploitation of the Common Grey Mullet which began in 1996, has resulted in the targetting the Narrow-head Grey Mullet since 1998 and more recently the exploitation of the Golden Grey Mullet in 2001. In a time frame of less than seven years, the absence of rational management risks the near complete disapearance of these resources (resources otherwise renewable). To this situation of decreasing yields, which is worsen by the degradation of the coastal zone due to an ever increasing antropic pollution, that this study aims to increase our scientific knowledge of confined systemes, of dilution zones and of population structure (size, age, sex-ratio) and reproduction (spawing areas and season) of the three most targetted Mugils. This study also explains the utilisation strategies of the Mauritanian Atlantic coast during different time periods by these three very coastal fish, which are subjected to environmental changes and diverse coastal activities (impacts of construction in this zone). This study shows the existance of diverging habitat use and tolerances to climatic conditions during the different life cycle phases. We find adults of the three species to have very marqued seasonal abondances, on the shallow coastal band (of less than 30 m) in displacement north-south for reproduction and south-north for feeding. The spacial and age distribution of Liza aurata adults show once again that they are residents of the northern bank of Arguin and of the Bay of Lèvrier and that they undergo limited migrations in this zone. However, the juveniles of this species may be transported by currents as far as Nouakchott incluing the river mouth. In contrats, adults of Mugil cephalus and Mugil capurri undego their entire life cycle at sea with only juveniles spawned in proximity of river deltas entering the estuaries to remain about two and a half years before returning definitevely to the sea. This present schema dosen’t exclude the accidental possibility of finding L. aurata in the lower Senegal delta or in other areas where their displacements are closely linked to hydroclimatique conditions.
    Description: IMROP
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Aménagement, 〈Mugil cephalus〉 ,〈 Liza aurata〉, 〈 Mugil capurrii〉, Dynamique d’exploitation, Ecobiologie, Reproduction, Mugilidés
    Keywords: Distribution ; Biology ; Legislation ; Reproduction ; Biology ; Distribution ; Ecological distribution ; Exploitation ; Abundance ; Legislation ; Reproduction ; Stock identification ; Zonal distribution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Master thesis
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  • 13
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    Alexandria: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This journal is published by NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Description: The effect of metrifonate on the immunity of the exposed fish are evaluated through the determination of the antibody titer and mortality rate during the challenge trial. In the chronic toxic exposure to metrifonate by dose 0.17mg/liter for 8 weeks, the more clear signs were darkness of fish color with hemorrhagic patches & loosing of scale at end of the trial the color return to normal. Determination of some blood parameters revealed significant decrease of white blood cell count, as there were lymphopenia and nueutrophilia during the chronic exposure to metrifonate. Phagocytic assay revealed a significant decrease in both phagocytic activity (PA) and phagocytic index(PI).Hypoproteinami hypoglobulinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia were observed. The challenge trial indicted that, the metrifonate decrease the immunity of exposed fish.. The using of biogen“R” as a growth promoter in fish diet minimized the toxicity of metrifonate.
    Description: NIOF
    Description: Published
    Description: Immunosuppressive, Metrifonate, Oreochromis niloticus
    Keywords: Biology ; Biology ; Immunology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: L’étude du cycle sexuel de l’Anchois montre que la principale période de reproduction s’étend d’avril à octobre. Celle-ci serait sous la dépendance principale de l’élévation de la température de surface. La croissance, abordée à l’aide des marques supposées journalières sur les otolithes, donne des résultats jugés satisfaisants jusqu’à 10 cm L.F. Par contre, ceux concernant les tailles supérieures devront être confirmés.
    Description: IMROP
    Description: Published
    Description: Anchois, Reproduction, Biologie, Croissance, Cycle sexuel, Otolithes, Engraulis encrasicolus
    Keywords: Growth ; Otoliths ; Biology ; Sexual maturity ; Sexual reproduction ; Biology ; Growth ; Otoliths ; Sexual maturity ; Sexual reproduction
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Refereed , Article
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  • 15
    Keywords: Bioinformatics ; Biology ; Data processing ; Biotechnology ; Computer software ; Data structures (Computer science) ; Genetic engineering
    ISBN: 9782287339097
    Language: English
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  • 16
    Unknown
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Keywords: Biology ; Data processing ; Biomedical engineering ; Chemistry
    ISBN: 9781402035876
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Etude réalisée dans le cadre des activités de recherche de l’Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM)
    Description: Unpublished
    Keywords: Répartition sexuelle ; Thon rouge ; Biométrie morphologique ; Scombridés ; Ressources pélagiques ; Biologie ; Pelagic fish ; Biology ; Biometrics
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Master thesis
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  • 18
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    Alexandria: NIOF
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In a second study of electromicroscopic analysis of ultrastructural organelles of coho salmon muscle showed a significant increase in lipid droplet density in the largest stages compared with the smallest fish. The opposite was observed with the mitochondria where its density decreased in the large sized fish. An apparent decrease in capillary density with increasing body mass was also observed. These finding may imply a possible additional role of lipid depot as fish grew from parr to smolt.
    Description: Published by NIOF, Alexandria
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Cohosalmon ; Lipid droplets ; Salmon ; Biology ; Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Study of microscopic structural changes of red and white muscle of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, through different developmental stages and through transition from parr to smolt revealed developmental variation in fibre size where white fibres were larger than red ones. The increase in fibre area, characterizing all stages of development, was associated with reduction in both fibre and capillary densities. In large fish the reduction in red muscle capillary density was 10 fold lesser than that of white muscle.
    Description: Published by NIOF, Alexandria
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Oncorhynchus kisutch ; White fibres ; Red fibres ; Biology ; Salmon ; Biology ; Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Il y a des annexes
    Description: Résumé : La biologie de la langouste rose des côtes mauritaniennes est aujourd’hui bien connue. Nous avons cependant rappelé les traits marquants. Sur le plan de la pêche, de 1963 à 1988, le stock de la langouste rose a connu trois phases d’exploitation. Après une phase de surexploitation entre 1963 et 1970-1971, le stock de langouste rose de Mauritanie a pu se reconstituer grâce à une réduction importante du nombre de langoustiers. Ceci c’est traduit à partir de 1971 par une augmentation sensible des captures et aussi de la PUE. Mais le dédoublement du nombre de ces derniers en 1987 et 1988 a fait chuter les P.U.E de 50% ce qui est un signe d’effondrement du stock à nouveau.
    Description: Abstract : Biology of Mauritanian pink lobster is known. However we presented some important aspects of specie’s biology. On fisherie’s plan, between 1963 and 1988, the stock of Mauritanian pink lobster went through three phases of exploitation. Like this, after an over exploitation phase between 1963 and 1970-1971. The stock of the pink lobster of Mauritania was reconstituted little by little owing to an important reduction enabled a significant increase in the number of catches and the C.P.U.E. But doubling in the number of beats in 1987 and 1988 reduced the C.P.U.E. by 50%, which again contributed to the breaking down of stock.
    Description: IMROP
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Pêche ; Etat des stocks ; Mauritanie ; Biologie ; Fishing ; Langouste rose ; Biology ; Palinurus mauritanicus ; Mauritania ; Status of stocks ; Pink lobster ; Lobster culture
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Thèse pour l’obtention du grade de Docteur de l’Université de Bretagne Occidentale spécialité océanologie biologique
    Description: RESUME: Les eaux océaniques mauritaniennes sont au carrefour d'eaux froides et salées provenant du Nord, et d'autres chaudes et moins salées du Sud. L'interaction de ces eaux est à l'origine d'un régime hydrologique à 4 saisons: une saison froide de janvier à mai, une saison de transition froide-chaude de juin à juillet, une saison chaude d'août à octobre et enfin une saison de transition chaude – froide de novembre à décembre. La présente étude met en relation ces variations hydrologiques saisonnières, la distribution et la biologie de Mustelus mustelus. La distribution spatiale et temporelle de M. mustelus sur le plateau continental mauritanien a été suivie en analysant les données récoltées au cours de 20 campagnes de prospections scientifiques, 13 hauturières et 7 côtières, réparties sur les 4 saisons hydrologiques qui caractérisent cette zone géographique. La population d'émissoles est concentrée au Nord du Cap Timiris. L'espèce ne semble pas effectuer de migration latitudinale, mais un déplacement côte - large et inversement a été mis en évidence. Durant la saison froide, cette espèce à affinité tropicale est repoussée vers la côte, dans la Baie du Lévrier et le Nord Est du Banc d'Arguin par les basses températures venant du Nord qui persistent sur le plateau continental mauritanien de janvier à mai. Ce sont surtout les mâles matures qui rejoignent alors, pour l'accouplement, les femelles, de distribution plus côtière. Entre juin et octobre, avec le réchauffement des eaux, les mâles commencent à se déplacer vers des eaux plus profondes. Mais dès le début du refroidissement, un nouveau mouvement vers la côte s'amorce. Un échantillonnage mensuel des débarquements de la Pêche Artisanale a permis de collecter, en 2 ans, 2510 séries de données individuelles exploitées pour les études de l'alimentation, de la reproduction et de la croissance. L'étude des contenus stomacaux n'a pas montré de différence significative entre les femelles et les mâles, l'analyse a été faite sans distinction des sexes. Le nombre d'estomacs vides est de 10,3 % des estomacs examinés. La distribution Nord de M. mustelus pourrait être liée à l'abondance des principales proies de l'espèce, les bernard-l'hermites (Anomoures). En effet, ces proies qui seraient abondantes dans sa zone de répartition sont dominantes aussi bien en termes de nombre que de poids et d'occurrence dans les contenus des estomacs examinés. Les proies secondaires sont des Poissons, des Mollusques et des Annélides. Ainsi, l'émissole serait une espèce opportuniste qui se nourrit principalement de proies les plus vulnérables et accessoirement de proies de capture plus difficiles. L'étude du régime alimentaire chez l'émissole lisse en Mauritanie témoigne d'un comportement en rapport étroit avec le fond. La distribution différentielle des deux sexes influence le sex ratio qui est en faveur des femelles dans la zone côtière et des mâles dans la zone hauturière. La taille de première maturité sexuelle de M. mustelus en Mauritanie est de 67 cm pour les mâles et 72 cm pour les femelles. Chez les femelles, l'activité vitellogénique est continue et dure toute l'année chez les femelles matures (y compris gestantes) sauf en période de fécondation, période pendant laquelle elle est arrêtée. Le nombre d'ovocytes vitellogèniques de grand diamètre (supérieur ou égal à 10 mm) atteint un maximum en mai dans l'unique ovaire droit présent chez les émissoles lisses. La chute de leur nombre dans l'ovaire en juin et juillet annonce l'ovulation. Les mâles s'accouplent avec les femelles entre janvier et mai; les spermatozoïdes sont alors stockés dans le tiers inférieur des glandes nidamentaires jusqu'à la période de fécondation (juillet-août). L'organogenèse dure jusqu'aux mois d'octobre – novembre; elle aboutit alors à des embryons qui ressemblent morphologiquement aux adultes, au-delà de ces mois, le développement embryonnaire se limite à une augmentation de taille et de poids. Les embryons sortent de leurs capsules, les réserves vitellines se résorbent et sont remplacées par le placenta. Chez les femelles, la durée de la gestation est de 7 à 10 mois. Les femelles commencent à mettre bas à partir de février, la parturition se poursuit jusqu'en juin, mois pendant lequel les rares femelles encore gestantes mettent bas. A la naissance les juvéniles ont des tailles comprises entre 240 et 320 mm. La fécondité utérine maximale observée au cours de cette étude est 13 embryons; la moyenne est de 4 embryons par portée. Les bandes de croissances observées dans des coupes de vertèbres de femelles de 45 à 99 cm et de mâles de 50 à 85 cm de longueur totale ont été utilisées pour l'estimation de l'âge des poissons. Les données d'âge et de longueur ont permis d'établir les équations de croissances selon les modèles de Von Bertalanffy et de Holden. Ces modèles conduisant à des résultats différents; celui de Von Bertalanffy a été retenu en raison de sa flexibilité qui rend son application plus courante dans les pêcheries. Les paramètres de ce modèle sont, pour les femelles K=0,21, L∞=113,4 et t0=-2,03, pour les mâles K=0,26; L∞=91,3 et t0= -2,43. Les femelles ont donc des croissances plus rapides que les mâles et les âges à la première maturité sexuelle sont de 2,6 ans pour les mâles et de 2,8 pour les femelles. #
    Description: ABSTRACT: Mauritanian coastal waters are crossroads between cold and salted northern waters, and warmer and less salted southern waters. The interaction of these waters is at the origin of four hydrological seasons: cold (January to May), cold-to-warm transition (June-July), warm (August to October) and warm-to-cold transition (November-December). The present study connects these seasonal hydrological variations with the distribution and biology of Mustelus mustelus. Spatial and temporal distribution of M. mustelus on the Mauritanian continental shelf was followed while analyzing data collected during 20 scientific campaigns, 13 deep-sea and 7 coastal, distributed over the 4 hydrological seasons which characterize this geographical area. Smoothound sharks population is concentrated North of Cape Timiris. The species does not seem to carry out of latitudinal migration, but a coast to deep sea displacement - and conversely a deep sea to coast - was found. During the cold season, this species with tropical affinity is pushed back towards the coast, in Baie du Lévrier and Northeast of the Banc d’Arguin by cold water temperatures coming from the North which persist on the Mauritanian continental shelf from January to May. Mature males then join, for the coupling, females, which are of more coastal distribution. Between June and October, with the reheating of water, males start to move towards deeper water. But from the very start of cooling, a new movement towards the coast starts. A monthly sampling of the artisanal fishery catches made it possible to collect, in 2 years, 2,510 individual specimen data for the study of food, reproduction and growth. The study of stomach contents did not show a significant differences between females and males. The analysis was made regardless of gender. The number of empty stomachs is 10,3 % of the examined stomachs. The Northern distribution of M. mustelus could be related to the abundance of the principal prey species, the hermit crab (Anomoura). Indeed, these preys which would be abundant in its zone of distribution are dominant in terms of number, biomass and occurrence in the contents of the examined stomachs. The secondary preys are of fish, molluscs and annelids. Thus, smoothound shark would be an opportunist species which feeds mainly on the most vulnerable preys and incidentally on more difficult preys of capture. The study of the smoothound shark diet in Mauritania testifies to a behavior in close connection with the bottom. The differential distribution of the two sexes influences the sex ratio which is in favor of females in the coastal zone and males in the deep-sea zone. Size at first sexual maturity of M. mustelus in Mauritania is 67 and 72 cm for males and females, respectively. For females, the vitellogenic activity is continuous year-round for mature females (including gestating ones), except during the period of fecundation. The number of vitellogenic ovocytes of large diameter (greater or equal to 10 mm) reaches a maximum in May in the single right ovary of the smoothound shark. The fall of their number in June and July announces ovulation. Males couple themselves with females between January and May; spermatozoids are then stored in the nidamental glands lower third until the period of fecundation (July-August). Organogenesis lasts until October - November; it then leads to embryos which resemble to the adults morphologically. Afterwards, the embryonic development is limited to an increase in size and weight. The embryos leave their capsules, vitellogenic reserves reabsorb and are replaced by the placenta. Gestation period is 7 to 10 months for females. The females start to put low as from February, parturition continues until June, month during which the rare still gestating females give birth. With birth the youthful ones have sizes ranging between 240 and 320 mm. The maximum observed fecundity during this study is 13 embryos; the average is of 4 embryos per litter. Growth bands observed in cuts of vertebrae on females and males of total length ranging from 45 to 99 cm and from 50 to 85 cm, respectively, were used to estimate fish age. Age and length data made it possible to establish growth equations according to Von Bertalanffy and Holden’s models. These models lead to different results; Von Bertalanffy model was retained because of its flexibility which makes its application more current in fisheries. The parameters of this model are K=0.21, L∞=113.4 for females and t0= -2.03, and K=0.26 L∞=91.3 and t0 = -2.43 for males. The females tend to grow faster than males and the age at the first sexual maturity is 2.6 and 2.8 years for males and females, respectively.
    Description: IMROP
    Description: Unpublished
    Keywords: Mauritania ; Croissance ; Biologie ; Biology ; Physical environment ; Mauritanie ; Ecology ; Fecundity ; Growth ; Emissole lisse ; Alimentation ; Smouthound shark ; Mustelus mustelus ; Fécondité ; Reproduction ; Milieu physique ; Ecologie ; Distribution ; Shark fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Master thesis
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    CNROP - AtlantNIRO -MEIPP-sa, 2001 plaquette de vulgarisation
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Le présent prospectus donne une courte caractéristique biologique des principales espèces pêchées dans la Zone Economique Exclusive Mauritanienne et des engins utilisés pour la pêche, ainsi que les informations relatives à leur composition chimique, à la valeur nutritive de la matière première, et à ses caractéristiques avec les possibilités de sa transformation en différents produits. Les informations présentées pourront être utiles aux producteurs pour le choix de la matière première et des possibilités de sa valorisation
    Description: IMROP / AtlantNIRO / MEIPP-sa
    Keywords: Fishery resources ; Valorisation produits ; Composition chimique ; Biologie ; Ressources halieutiques ; Biology ; Valeur nutritive ; Fish processing ; Transformation des produits ; Engins de pêche ; Food value ; Fishing gear ; Fish species ; Processing fishery products
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Other
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: L’étude porte sur l’exploitation, la biologie et la dynamique du poulpe (Octopus vulgaris, Cuvier) des eaux mauritaniennes. La répartition spatio-temporelle dans la région du Cap Blanc ne semble être liée ni à la taille, ni au sexe, mais varie au cours de l’année. L’analyse de l’état actuel de la pêcherie basée sur les congélateurs céphalopodiers met en évidence une augmentation de l’effort de pêche et la poursuite de chute des p.u.e. La composition des captures révèle une progression du pourcentage des individus de poids inférieur à 200 grammes (« poulpo »). L’étude biologique montre qu’il existe deux saisons de reproduction par an (mai-juillet et septembre-novembre) qui engendrent deux recrutements, l’un en mai et l’autre à partir de septembre. La croissance pondérale a été obtenue sur les des distributions de fréquences de poids. Une transformation des poids en longueurs a permis de déterminer les paramètres de l’équation de VON BERTALANFFY pour chaque cohorte. Après détermination des coefficients de mortalité naturelle et par pêche, les résultats obtenus par le modèle global et le modèle de RICKER sont discutés. La mise en œuvre d’un modèle global montre que le niveau actuel des captures est proche de la prise maximale équilibrée et que l’effort de pêche ne doit pas être augmenté. //
    Description: This study deals with the exploitation, the biology and the dynamics of common octopus (Octopus vulgaris, Cuvier) in Mauritanian waters. In the Cap Blanc region, the spatio-temporal distribution appears to be independent of the length and sex but variable through the year. The analysis of the present state of the fishery reveals an increase of the fishing effort and continuous decrease of the catch per unit effort. An increase of the small individuals, with weight under 200 g (“poulpo”), can be seen from catches composition. The biological study shows that there are two spawning seasons (May-July and September-November) which allow two recruitments in May and September. The growth parameters of the VON BERTALANFFY equation are calculated from the transformed weights in lengths. The calculated mortality coefficients are used in a RICKER’s model of yield per recruit and the results are discussed. The use of a generalized production model shows that the present catch is very close to the maximum sustainable yield. Therefore, one would aware to prevent an increase of the fishing effort.
    Description: IMROP
    Description: Unpublished
    Keywords: Reproduction ; Common octopus ; Population dynamics ; Environnement ; Dynamique de population ; Exploitation ; Environment ; Poulpe ; ZEE Mauritanienne ; Distribution ; Mauritanian Exclusive Economic Zone ; Biologie ; Croissance ; Growth ; Octopus vulgaris ; Biology ; Octopus fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Master thesis
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  • 24
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2005-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1880-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16373539" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomical Phenomena ; Astronomy ; Biology ; Brain/growth & development ; Brain Diseases/genetics ; Climate ; Earth (Planet) ; Evolution, Planetary ; Humans ; Nuclear Reactors ; Plant Development ; Plants/genetics ; Potassium Channels ; *Research ; Systems Theory
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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