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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (3,066)
  • Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance  (85)
  • 1955-1959  (3,151)
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Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-05-11
    Description: A flight investigation was made of the lift and drag of a sweptwing fighter airplane in the basic configuration and in a slats-locked-closed configuration over a Mach number range from about 0.63 to about 1.44. At a nominal lift coefficient of 0.1 negligible drag-coefficient difference existed between the two configurations over a comparable Mach number and altitude range. For the basic configuration at zero lift the supersonic drag level was about three times as great as the subsonic drag level, which was about 0.01, whereas the drag-due-to-lift factor increased about 137 percent over the test Mach number range. At comparable Mach numbers the high-altitude data produced a larger lift-curve slope and showed a more pronounced variation of lift-curve slope in the transonic region than did the low-altitude data. For the high-altitude data the lift-curve slope at a Mach number of 1.44 was approximately 62 percent of the value at a Mach number of 0.9.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-10-1-58H , AFRC-E-DAA-TN47945
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-TN-D-89
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Turbojet engine reliability has long been an intense interest to the military users of this type of aircraft propulsion. With the recent inauguration of commercial jet transport this subject has assumed a new dimension of importance. In January l96 the Lewis Research Center of the NASA (then the MACA) published the results of an extensive study on the factors that affect the opera- center dot tional reliability of turbojet engines (ref. 1). At that time the report was classified Confidential. In July l98 this report was declassified. It is thus appropriate at this time to present some of the highlights of the studies described in the NASA report. In no way is it intended to outline the complete contents of the report; rather it is hoped to direct attention to it among those who are center dot directly concerned with this problem. Since the publication of our study over three years ago, the NASA has completed a number of additional investigations that bear significantly on this center dot subject. A second object of this paper, therefore, is to summarize the results of these recent studies and to interpret their significance in relation to turbojet operational reliability.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: SAE National Aeronautic Meeting; Mar 31, 1959 - Apr 03, 1959; New York, NY; United States
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: An investigation of the low-subsonic stability and control characteristics of a model of a flat-bottom hypersonic boost-glide configuration having 78 deg sweep of the leading edge has been made in the Langley full-scale tunnel. The model was flown over an angle-of-attack range from 10 to 35 deg. Static and dynamic force tests were made in the Langley free-flight tunnel. The investigation showed that the longitudinal stability and control characteristics were generally satisfactory with neutral or positive static longitudinal stability. The addition of artificial pitch damping resulted in satisfactory longitudinal characteristics being obtained with large amounts of static instability. The most rearward center-of-gravity position for which sustained flights could be made either with or without pitch damper corresponded to the calculated maneuver point. The lateral stability and control characteristics were satisfactory up to about 15 deg angle of attack. The damping of the Dutch roll oscillation decreased with increasing angle of attack; the oscillation was about neutrally stable at 20 deg angle of attack and unstable at angles of attack of about 25 deg and above. Artificial damping in roll greatly improved the lateral characteristics and resulted in flights being made up to 35 deg angle of attack.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-TM-X-201 , L-452
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Acceleration, airspeed, and altitude data obtained with an NACA VGH recorder from a four-engine commercial transport airplane operating over a northwestern United States-Alaska route were evaluated to determine the magnitude and frequency of occurrence of gust and maneuver accelerations., operating airspeeds, and gust velocities. The results obtained were then compared with the results previously reported in NACA Technical Note 3475 for two similar airplanes operating over transcontinental routes in the United States. No large variations in the gust experience for the three operations were noted. The results indicate that the gust-load experience of the present operation closely approximated that of the central transcontinental route in the United States with which it is compared and showed differences of about 4 to 1 when compared with that of the southern transcontinental route in the United States. In general, accelerations due to gusts occurred much more frequently than those due to operational maneuvers. At a measured normal-acceleration increment of 0.5g, accelerations due to gusts occurred roughly 35 times more frequently than those due to operational maneuvers.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-1-17-59L
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: An analysis is made of wing deflection and streamwise twist measurements in rough-air flight of a large flexible swept-wing bomber. Random-process techniques are employed in analyzing the data in order to describe the magnitude and characteristics of the wing deflection and twist responses to rough air. Power spectra and frequency-response functions for the wing deflection and twist responses at several spanwise stations are presented. The frequency-response functions describe direct and absolute response characteristics to turbulence and provide a convenient basis for assessing analytic calculation techniques. The wing deformations in rough air are compared with the expected deformations for quasi-static loadings of the same magnitude, and the amplifications are determined. The results obtained indicate that generally the deflections are amplified by a small amount, while the streamwise twists are amplified by factors of the order of 2.0. The magnitudes of both the deflection velocities and the twist angles are shown to have significant effects on the local angles of attack at the various stations and provide the main source of aerodynamic loading, particularly at frequencies in the vicinity of the first wing-vibration mode.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-12-3-58L
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Analysis of the vortex model proposed by Kriebel, Seidel, and Schwind shows this representation of rotating stall satisfies, at least approximately, the requirements at the cascade. Cascade-parameter-variation effects on rotating stall were studied in a circular cascade and single-stage compressor. Modification of the single-stage compressor stopped the rotating-stall pattern and permitted observation of the pressure and velocity distribution around the annulus. Closer observation might be possible with proper flow-visualization techniques, such as a water pump.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-3-16-59W
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: In an attempt to find an aerodynamic means of counteracting the transonic trim change of a fighter airplane, lower surface spoilers were tested on a 0.055-scale wind-tunnel model. The Mach number range of the tests was 0.8 to 1.2 at Reynolds numbers of approximately 4 million. Although the spoilers produced a moderate decrease in the trim change at low altitudes, they also produced a large increase in drag. Pressure-distribution tests with external fuel tanks showed large pressure changes on the lower surface of the wing due to the tanks.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-12-27-58A
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: The Levy method which deals with an idealized structure was used to obtain the natural modes and frequencies of a large-scale built-up 45 deg. delta wing. The results from this approach, both with and without the effects of transverse shear, were compared with the results obtained experimentally and also with those calculated by the Stein-Sanders method. From these comparisons it was concluded that the method as proposed by Levy gives excellent results for thin-skin delta wings, provided that corrections are made for the effect of transverse shear.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-2-2-59L , L-153
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: A cambered and twisted triangular wing of aspect ratio 2 in combination with a cambered body was investigated experimentally to determine the effectiveness of the camber in reducing the drag due to lift at trim at supersonic speeds. Four arrangements were tested comprising all combinations of a symmetrical and a cambered wing with a symmetrical and a cambered body. The camber shape investigated was derived by linearized lifting surface theory for triangular wings with sonic leading edges and satisfied the requirement that the wing be trimmed at the design Mach number and lift coefficient. The experimental results for the cambered wing and cambered body showed that the drag coefficient at trim was always greater, at the same lift coefficient, than that for the untrimmed symmetrical wing and body. The trim lift coefficient was positive and decreased with increasing Mach number. At the design Mach number of 2.24, the trim lift coefficient was somewhat lower and the drag coefficient was higher than values predicted by linearized lifting surface theory for the wing alone. A comparison of the trim lift-drag ratio of the cambered wing and cambered body with values obtained by trimming the symmetrical wing and symmetrical body either with a canard or a trailing-edge flap showed that, at approximately the design Mach number the cambered configuration developed a somewhat higher value than the trailing-edge flap configuration but a lower value than the canard configuration.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-2-3-59A
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: The maximum Mach number and altitude capabilities of the Bell X-2 research airplane were achieved during a program conducted by the U.S. Air Force with Bell Aircraft Corp. providing operational support and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration providing instrumentation and advisory engineering assistance. A maximum geometric altitude of 126,200 feet was attained at a static pressure of 9.4 pounds per square foot and a dynamic pressure of 19.1 pounds per square foot. During the last flight of the airplane, a maximum Mach number of 3.20 was reached. The directionally divergent maneuver which terminated the final high Mach number flight was precipitated by the loss in directional stability that resulted from increasing the angle of attack. The yawing moment from the lateral control was sufficient to initiate the divergence and also to cause,, indirectly, rolling moments that were greater than the aileron capabilities of the airplane. The ensuing violent motions-resulting from inertial roll coupling caused the loss of the aircraft.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-TM-X-137
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: The first flight of the North American X-15 research airplane was made on June 8, 1959. This was accomplished after completion of a series of captive flights with the X-15 attached to the B-52 carrier airplane to demonstrate the aerodynamic and systems compatibility of the X-15//B-52 combination and the X-15 subsystem operation. This flight was planned as a glide flight so that the pilot need not be concerned with the propulsion system. Discussions of the launch, low-speed maneuvering, and landing characteristics are presented, and the results are compared with predictions from preflight studies. The launch characteristics were generally satisfactory, and the X-15 vertical tail adequately cleared the B-52 wing cutout. The actual landing pattern and landing characteristics compared favorably with predictions, and the recommended landing technique of lowering the flaps and landing gear at a low altitude appears to be a satisfactory method of landing the X-15 airplane. There was a quantitative correlation between flight-measured and predicted lift-drag-ratio characteristics in the clean configuration and a qualitative correlation in the landing configuration. A longitudinal-controllability problem, which became severe in the landing configuration, was evident throughout the flight and, apparently, was aggravated by the sensitivity of the side-located control stick. In the low-to-moderate angle-of-attack range covered, the longitudinal and directional stability were indicated to be adequate.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-TM-X-195
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A study has been made of the subsonic pressure distributions and loadings for a 45 deg sweptback-wing and body combination at angles of attack up to 36 deg. The wing had an aspect ratio of 5.5, a taper ratio of 0.53, and NACA 64A010 sections normal to the quarter-chord line and was mounted on a slender body of fineness ratio 12.5. Test results are presented for Mach numbers of 0.30 and 0.50 with corresponding Reynolds numbers of 1.5 and 2.0 million, respectively. The stall patterns and spanwise loadings at high angles of attack for the present model are correlated with those for other 45 deg sweptback wing and body combinations having aspect ratios between 4.0 and 8.0. A tentative approach is presented for extrapolating the Weissinger span-loading method to higher angles of attack, and for deriving the spanwise-load distributions for 45 deg sweptback wings at angles of attack above 20 deg. The investigation also included tests of the body in combination with only one panel of the swept wing. The problem of estimating the normal-force coefficient for the single panel at high angles of attack is considered.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-1-18-59A
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Results of a cyclic load test made by NASA on an EB-47E airplane are given. The test reported on is for one of three B-47 airplanes in a test program set up by the U. S. Air Force to evaluate the effect of wing structural reinforcements on fatigue life. As a result of crack development in the upper fuselage longerons of the other two airplanes in the program, a longeron and fuselage skin modification was incorporated early in the test. Fuselage strain-gage measurements made before and after the longeron modification and wing strain-gage measurements made only after wing reinforcement are summarized. The history of crack development and repair is given in detail. Testing was terminated one sequence short of the planned end of the program with the occurrence of a major crack in the lower right wing skin.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-3-15-59L , AF-AM-171
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Flight tests were made to determine the capability of positioning a gliding airplane for a landing on a 5,000-foot runway with special reference to the gliding flight of a satellite vehicle of fixed configuration upon reentry into the earth's atmosphere. The lift-drag ratio and speed of the airplane in the glides were varied through as large a range as possible. The results showed a marked tendency to undershoot the runway when the lift-drag ratios were below certain values, depending upon the speed in the glide. A straight line dividing the successful approaches from the undershoots could be drawn through a lift-drag ratio of about 3 at 100 knots and through a lift-drag ratio of about 7 at 185 knots. Provision of a drag device would be very beneficial, particularly in reducing the tendency toward undershooting at the higher speeds.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-3-12-59L , L-406
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Several approximate procedures for calculating the bending-moment response of flexible airplanes to continuous isotropic turbulence are presented and evaluated. The modal methods (the mode-displacement and force-summation methods) and a matrix method (segmented-wing method) are considered. These approximate procedures are applied to a simplified airplane for which an exact solution to the equation of motion can be obtained. The simplified airplane consists of a uniform beam with a concentrated fuselage mass at the center. Airplane motions are limited to vertical rigid-body translation and symmetrical wing bending deflections. Output power spectra of wing bending moments based on the exact transfer-function solutions are used as a basis for the evaluation of the approximate methods. It is shown that the force-summation and the matrix methods give satisfactory accuracy and that the mode-displacement method gives unsatisfactory accuracy.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-2-18-59L , L-143
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The Bell D-188A VTOL airplane is a horizontal-attitude VTOL fighter with tilting engine nacelles at the tips of a low-aspect-ratio unswept wing and additional engines in the fuselage. The model could be flown smoothly in hovering and transition flight. In forward flight the model could be flown smoothly at the lower angles of attack but experienced an uncontrollable directional divergence at angles of attack above about 16 deg.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-3-16-59L , TED-AD-3147 , L-241
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Flapwise bending moments were calculated for a teetering rotor blade using a reasonably rapid theoretical method in which airloads obtained from wind-tunnel tests were employed. The calculated moments agreed reasonably well with those measured with strain gages under the same test conditions. The range of the tests included one hovering and two forward-flight conditions. The rotor speed for the test was very near blade resonance, and difficult-to-calculate resonance effects apparently were responsible for the largest differences between the calculated and measured harmonic components of blade bending moments. These differences, moreover, were largely nullified when the harmonic components were combined to give a comparison of the calculated and measured blade total- moment time histories. The degree of agreement shown is therefore considered adequate to warrant the use of the theoretical method in establishing and applying methods of prediction of rotor-blade fatigue loads. At the same time, the validity of the experimental methods of obtaining both airload and blade stress measurement is also indicated to be adequate for use in establishing improved methods for prediction of rotor-blade fatigue loads during the design stage. The blade stiffnesses and natural frequencies were measured and found to be in close agreement with calculated values; however, for a condition of blade resonance the use of the experimental stiffness values resulted in better agreement between calculated and measured blade stresses.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-2-28-59L , L-140
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: As a continuation of an investigation of the release characteristics of an MB-1 rocket carried internally by the Convair F-106A airplane, six missile-bay baffle configurations and a rocket end plate have been investigated in the 27- by 27-inch preflight jet of the NASA Wallops Station. The MB-1 rocket used had retractable fins and was ejected from a missile bay modified by the addition of six different baffle configurations. For some tests a rocket end plate was added to the model. Dynamically scaled models (0.04956 scale) were tested at a simulated altitude of 22,450 feet and Mach numbers of 0.86, 1.59, and 1.98, and at a simulated altitude of 29,450 feet and a Mach number of 1.98. The results of this investigation indicate that the missile-bay baffle configurations and the rocket end plate may be used to reduce the positive pitch amplitude of the MB-1 rocket after release. The initial negative pitching velocity applied to the MB-1 rocket might then be reduced in order to maintain a near-level-flight attitude after release. As the fuselage angle of attack is increased, the negative pitch amplitude of the rocket is decreased.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-4-29-59L , AF-AM-57 , L-361
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A series of landings was performed with a straight-wing airplane to evaluate the effect of low lift-drag ratios on approach and landing characteristics. Landings with a peak lift-drag ratio as low as 3 were performed by altering the airplane configuration (extending speed brakes, flaps, and gear and reducing throttle setting). As lift-drag ratio was reduced, it was necessary either to make the landing pattern tighter or to increase initial altitude, or both. At the lowest lift-drag ratio the pilots believed a 270 deg overhead pattern was advisable because of the greater ease afforded in visually positioning the airplane. The values of the pertinent flare parameters increased with the reduction of lift-drag ratio. These parameters included time required for final flare; speed change during final flare; and altitude, glide slope, indicated airspeed, and vertical velocity at initiation of final flare. The pilots believed that the tolerable limit was reached with this airplane in the present configuration, and that if, because of a further reduction in lift-drag ratio, more severe approaches than those experienced in this program were attempted, additional aids would be required to determine the flare-initiation point.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-TM-X-31
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Values of the normal component of induced velocity throughout the entire field of a uniformly loaded r(rotor at high high speed are presented in the form of charts and tables. Many points were found by an electromagnetic analog, details of which are given. Comparisons of computed and analog values for the induced velocity indicate that the latter are sufficiently accurate for engineering purposes.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-TR-R-41
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: This paper briefly summarizes available statistical data on airplane taxi operations, examines the profiles and power spectra of four selected runways and taxiways covering a wide range of surface roughness, considers (on the basis of theoretical and experimental results) the loads resulting from taxiing on such runways over a range of speeds and, by synthesis of the aforementioned results, proposes new criteria for runway and taxiway smoothness which are applicable to new construction and may also be used as a guide for determining when repairs are necessary.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-2-21-59L
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Flight tests have been conducted with a single-rotor helicopter, one blade of which was equipped at 14 percent and 40 percent of the blade radius with strain gages calibrated to measure moments rather than stresses, to determine the effects of transition, landing approaches, and partial-power vertical descents on the rotor-blade bending and torsional moments. In addition, ground tests were conducted to determine the effects of static droop-stop pounding on the rotor-blade moments. The results indicate that partial-power vertical descents and landing approaches produce rotor-blade moments that are higher than the moments encountered in any other flight condition investigated to date with this equipment. Decelerating through the transition region in level flight was found to result in higher vibratory moments than accelerating through this region. Deliberately induced static droop-stop pounding produced flapwise bending moments at the 14-percent-radius station which were as high as the moments experienced in landing approaches and partial-power vertical descents.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-5-7-59L
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Generalized influence coefficients are calculated by the method of NACA TN 3640 for a large-scale, built-up, 450 delta-wing specimen. These are used together with appropriate generalized masses to obtain the natural modes and frequencies in symmetric and antisymmetric free-free vibration. The resulting frequencies are compared with those obtained experimentally and are found to be consistently high. Possible sources of the disparities are discussed.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-2-1-59L
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Some blunt-body shapes considered suitable for entry into the earth's atmosphere were tested by both static and oscillatory methods in the Langley stability tunnel. In addition, free-fall tests of some similar models were made in the Langley 20-foot free-spinning tunnel. The results of the tests show that increasing the flare of the body shape increased the dynamic stability and that for flat-faced shapes increasing the corner radius increased the stability. The test data from the Langley stability tunnel were used to compute the damping factor for the models tested in the langley 20-foot free-spinning tunnel. For these cases in which the damping factor was low, -1/2 or less, the stability was critical and sensitive to disturbance. When the damping factor was about -2, damping was generally obtained.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-2-22-59L , L-157
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A preliminary investigation was conducted to determine whether a warhead stage of an antimissile missile could be placed within an arbitrary 2-nautical-mile-radius maneuver cylinder around an intercontinental-ballistic-missile (ICBM) flight path above an altitude of 140,000 feet, a horizontal range of 40 nautical miles, at a flight-path angle of approximately 20 deg, and within 50 seconds after take-off using only aerodynamic forces to turn the antimissile missile. The preliminary investigation indicated that an antimissile missile using aerodynamic forces for turning was capable of intercepting the ICBM for the stated conditions of this study although the turning must be completed below an altitude of approximately 70,000 feet to insure that the antimissile missile will be at the desired flight-path angle. Trim lift coefficients on the order of 2 to 3 and a maximum normal-acceleration force of from 25g to 35g were necessary to place the warhead stage in intercept position. The preliminary investigation indicated that for the two boosters investigated the booster having a burning time of 10 seconds gave greater range up the ICBM flight path than did the booster having a burning time of 15 seconds for the same trim lift coefficient and required the least trim lift coefficient for the same range.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-2-14-59L
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: As a means of evaluating the roll utilization of a fighter airplane capable of supersonic speeds, an instrumented North American F-100A fighter airplane was flown by U.S. Air Force pilots at Nellis Air Force Base, NV, during 20 hours of service operational flying. Mach numbers up to 1.22 and altitudes up to 50,000 feet were realized in this investigation. Results of the study showed that except for high g barrel rolls performed as evasive maneuvers and rolls performed in acrobatic flying, rolling was utilized primarily as a means of changing heading. Acrobatic and air combat maneuvering produced the largest bank angles (1,200 deg), roll velocities (3.3 radians/sec), rolling accelerations (8 radians/sq sec) and sideslip angles (10.8 deg). Full aileron deflections were utilized on numerous occasions. Although high rolling velocities and accelerations also were experienced during several air-to-air gunnery missions, generally, air-to-air gunnery and air-to-ground gunnery and bombing required only two-thirds of maximum aileron deflection. The air-to-air gunnery and air combat maneuvers initiated from supersonic speeds utilized up to two-thirds aileron deflection and bank angles of less than 18 deg and resulted in rolling velocities and accelerations of 2 radians per second and 4.6 radians/sq sec, respectively. Rolling maneuvers were often initiated from high levels of normal acceleration, but from levels of negative normal acceleration only once.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-12-1-58H
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A flight investigation was undertaken to determine the effect of a fully controllable thrust reverser on the flight characteristics of a single-engine jet airplane. Tests were made using a cylindrical target-type reverser actuated by a hydraulic cylinder through a "beep-type" cockpit control mounted at the base of the throttle. The thrust reverser was evaluated as an in-flight decelerating device, as a flight path control and airspeed control in landing approach, and as a braking device during the ground roll. Full deflection of the reverser for one reverser configuration resulted in a reverse thrust ratio of as much as 85 percent, which at maximum engine power corresponded to a reversed thrust of 5100 pounds. Use of the reverser in landing approach made possible a wide selection of approach angles, a large reduction in approach speed at steep approach angles, improved control of flight path angle, and more accuracy in hitting a given touchdown point. The use of the reverser as a speed brake at lower airspeeds was compromised by a longitudinal trim change. At the lower airspeeds and higher engine powers there was insufficient elevator power to overcome the nose-down trim change at full reverser deflection.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-MEMO-4-26-59A , A-135
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: The first landing of the X-15 airplane was made at 8:43 a.m., June 8, 1959, on the hard surface of Rogers Dry Lake. One purpose of the first-glide flight was to evaluate the effectiveness of the landing-gear system. Some results are presented of the landing-approach characteristics, the impact period, and the runout phase of the landing maneuver. The results indicate that the touchdown was accomplished at a vertical velocity of 2.0 feet per second for the main gear and 13.5 feet per second for the nose gear. These vertical velocities were within the values of sinking speeds established by structural design limitations. However, permanent structural deformation occurred in the main-landing-gear system as a result of the landing, and a reevaluation of the gear is being made by the manufacturer. The landing occurred at a true ground speed of 158 knots for main-gear touchdown at an angle of attack of 8.50. The incremental acceleration at the main gear was 2.7g and 7.39 at the nose gear as a result of the landing. The incremental acceleration at the center of gravity of the airplane was 0.6g for the main-gear impact and 2.4g for the nose-gear impact. The incremental acceleration at the main gear as a result of the nose-gear impact was 4.8g. The extreme rearward location of the main-gear skids appears to offer satisfactory directional stability characteristics during the run- out phase of the landing. No evidence of nosewheel shimmy was indicated during the impact and runout phase of the landing despite the absence of a shimmy damper on the nose gear. The maximum amount of skid wear as a result of the landing was on the order of 0.005 inch. No appreciable amount of tire wear was indicated for the dual, corotating nosewheels.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA-TM-X-207
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 10-17 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei gelinder Erwärmung der Phenylalkane (R · C6H5; R ≧ C3) mit durch Wasser aktiviertem Aluminiumchlorid findet eine Umlagerung der Seitenkette statt. Es entstehen: aus Isopropylbenzol n-Propylbenzol, aus sek.-Butylbenzol Isobutylbenzol, aus tert.-Amylbenzol 2-Methyl-3-phenyl-butan und aus letzterem, bei längerer Einwirkung des Katalysators, Neopentylbenzol.  -  Die stabilen Produkte dieser Umlagerungen enthalten an primäre Kohlenstoffatome gebundene Phenylgruppen, im Gegensatz zu den Produkten der Friedel-Crafts-Alkylierungsreaktion, in welchen eine tertiäre bzw. eine sekundäre Stellung der Phenylgruppen bevorzugt wird.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 40-46 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Darstellung des Naphthyl-(2)-tellurjodids wird beschrieben und der Beweis für seine Konstitution erbracht.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 36-39 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Lewis-Säuren sowie Silicagel bewirken bei Anilen bestimmter Konstitution eine Polarisierung in Richtung der dipolaren Grenzformel. Dieser Effekt ist mit einer bedeutenden Farbvertiefung verbunden. Es werden die konstitutionellen Voraussetzungen der Erscheinung erörtert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 203-213 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die optimalen Reaktionsbedingungen für die Cyclisierung der N-Lithium-Derivate der sekundären Amine I, II, IX und X mit m- bzw. o-ständigem Chlor zu den in der Überschrift genannten Heterocyclen werden ermittelt. Im Gegensatz zur stets intramolekularen Basen-Addition an die intermediären Arine sind für die Freisetzung der Arine, also für den geschwindigkeitsbestimmenden Teilschritt, inter- und intramolekulare Chemismen zu diskutieren. Die experimentellen Daten weisen für N-Lithium-I und -II auf eine Hilfestellung zugesetzten, komplex-gebundenen Lithiumdiäthylamids bei der Arin-Bildung.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 338-343 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Benzil und substituierte Benzile lassen sich mit Formamid und Aldehyden, ebenso mit Formamid in Gegenwart von Ameisensäure und reduzierenden Schwefelverbindungen, in substituierte Imidazole überführen.
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die bei der direkten Nitrierung von n-Hexatriacontan nach drei verschiedenen Verfahren entstehenden Mononitrohexatriacontane sind identische Gemische sämtlicher theoretisch möglicher Stellungsisomeren. Ausschließliche Bildung von 2-Nitro-hexatriacontan findet entgegen den Befunden von NAMETKIN und Mitarbb. nicht statt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 320-328 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus den Blättern von Crataegus oxyacantha L. wurden zwei neue Triterpencarbonsäuren, Acantholsäure, C30H48O5, und Neotaegolsäure, C30H48O4, isoliert. Crataegolsäure wurde als ein Derivat der β-Amyrin-Reihe erkannt. Ein papierchromatographisches Verfahren zur Trennung von Triterpensäuregemischen wird beschrieben; das angegebene Lösungsmittelgemisch ließ sich erfolgreich auch für eine Verteilungschromatographie an der Cellulosesäure verwenden.
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chloramin T läßt sich mit Sulfenamiden und besonders glatt mit Sulfenyl-amidinen und verwandten Verbindungen kondensieren. Die Reaktionsprodukte werden als Derivate von Sulfinsäureamid-imiden aufgefaßt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 22-36 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: CH-Acide Verbindungen wie Chinaldin, Lepidin, 9-Methyl-acridin, die drei Acetylpyridine, Aceton, 2.4-Dinitro-toluol und ein Phenacyl-thioäther werden nach KING mit Jod/Pyridin, teilweise auch mit Jod/Thioharnstoff umgesetzt; mit einigen der so erhaltenen Salze werden Ringschluß-Reaktionen vollzogen. Mit Brom/Pyridin gelingt die King-Reaktion nur in wenigen Fällen. Mittels der Umsetzung mit p-Nitroso-dimethylanilin sowie der nach King wird gezeigt und begründet, daß die Reaktivität der Methylgruppe in der Reihe α- und γ-Picolin → Chinolin/Lepidin → 9-Methyl-acridin zu-, daß sie aber in deren Halogenalkylaten in der gleichen Reihenfolge abnimmt. Es werden Benzologe eines von BERSON und COHEN bei ihrer Pyridonsynthese angenommenen Zwischenproduktes in kristallisierter Form gefaßt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 407-414 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Nitro-benzoxazolone reagieren mit Diazomethan, Carbonsäure- und Sulfonsäurechloriden nur in der Lactamform. Durch die Nitrogruppe in verschiedenen Stellungen des Benzolringes werden die NH-Acidität und die Spaltbarkeit des Heteroringes beeinflußt. Im 4-Nitro-benzoxazolon ist die 3-Stellung durch die Nitrogruppe sterisch behindert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 429-441 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das am N-Methyl-indolin und N-Methyl-tetrahydrochinolin ausgearbeitete Syntheseprinzip läßt sich auf andere Heterocyclen übertragen. Chlor- oder Brombenzol-Derivate mit o- oder m-ständiger basisch-substituierter Seitenkette werden inter- oder intramolekular in das Arin übergeführt; die anschließende intramolekulare Basen-Addition liefert unter Ringschluß tertiäre Amine: N-Phenyl-tetrahydrochinolin, N-Methyl-phenmorpholin, N.N′-Dimethyl-tetrahydrochinoxalin und N.N′-Dimethyl-indazolin. Auch die erfolgreiche Schließung eines 8 gliedrigen Ringes wird beschrieben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 468-471 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die unter verschiedenen Bedingungen durchgeführte Cyclisierung des im Titel genannten Esters wird beschrieben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 474-482 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Darstellung sowie physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften eines neuen stabilen Aroxyls. des 4-Phenyl-2.6-di-tert.-butyl-phenoxyls-(1) werden beschrieben. Die 4-ständige Phenylgruppe dieses Aroxyls bedingt, verglichen mit 2.4.6-Tri-tert.-butyl-phenoxyl-(1) und ähnlichen Verbindungen, einige Besonderheiten im reaktiven Verhalten dieses freien Radikals.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 213-218 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die durch Hydrierung von Dihydrogallussäure erhältliche 3.4.5-Trihydroxy-cyclohexan-carbonsäure-(1) vom Schmp. 203〉 erweist sich durch Lactonbildung und Abbau zum γ-Pyrogallit als all-cis-Isomeres.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 535-540 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Kohlenstoffkette der (+)-Weinsäure wird an dem einen Ende über das Diazoketon verlängert. Die neue Ketogruppe liefert durch nochmalige Reaktion mit Diazomethan eine Kettenverzweigung, worauf durch Abbau nach RUFF an dem anderen Ende der Weinsäure L-Apiose entsteht.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 606-615 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1- bzw. 3-Cyan-azulene lassen sich aus Azulenaldoximen durch Wasserabspaltung mit Acetanhydrid darstellen. Verschiedentlich tritt daneben eine Umlagerung des Oxims zur Acetaminoverbindung ein. Bei Umsetzung von Azulenen mit Bromcyan entstehen Nitrile durch direkte Substitution. Die Nitrile sind sehr reaktionsträge Verbindungen. Ihre Inaktivität wird durch eine polare Struktur erklärt. Die spektralen Verschiebungen gegenüber den zugrundeliegenden Azulenen und die Halbstufenpotentiale werden angegeben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 637-644 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Darstellung des 3-Aza-chinolizidins und des von diesem sich ableitenden tricyclischen Systems mit zwei Brückenstickstoffatomen, des Perhydro-dipyrido-[1.2-a, 1′.2′-c]pyrimidins (4a.8a-Diaza-perhydrophenanthrens) wird beschrieben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 667-673 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Am Beispiel der Bildung von 3-Carbäthoxy-2-methyl-6.7-benzo-indolchinon-(4.5) (VI) aus 5-Hydroxy-3-carbäthoxy-2-methyl-6.7-benzo-indol (II) wird gezeigt, daß die Zwischenstufe eines Substitutionsprodukts (III) durchlaufen wird, das als solches isoliert und zum erwarteten Chinon zerlegt werden kann.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 693-699 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die UV-Absorption der Jodkomplexe von Cycloolefinen wird gemessen und nach der von LONG und NEUZIL für Olefine entwickelten Methode zur Analyse von Δ1.9- und Δ9.10-Octalingemischen verwendet.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 699-704 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der Ersatz von organisch gebundenem Chlor und Brom durch den Hydroperoxy-Rest des Wasserstoffperoxyds ist immer dann möglich, wenn das Alkylhalogenid genügend reaktionsfähig im Sinne des SNl-Schemas ist. Komplexbildner können die Reaktion erleichtern.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 732-735 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ausgehend von Methantriessigsäure wurde ein Tris diazoketon hergestellt. Die hieraus mit Halogenwasserstoffsäuren primär gebildeten Halogenketone erleiden eine „intramolekulare Trimerisierung“ der Carbonylgruppen unter Bildung von 1.3.5-Tris-chlormethyl- und 1.3.5-Tris-brommethyl-2.4.9-trioxa-adamantan. Dagegen zeigt das durch Friedel-Crafts-Acylierung des Säurechlorides der Methantriessigsäure mit Benzol erhaltene Triketon der gleichen Struktur keine Tendenz zur Bildung des 2.4.9-Trioxa-adamantan-Ringsystems. Die Trimerisierung der Carbonylgruppen unterbleibt hier wegen der Mesomeriebeteiligung der Carbonylgruppen am aromatischen System.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 776-779 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Anona reticulata Linn. wurde ein neues Alkaloid, Reticulin, isoliert. Reticulin ist ein 2-Methyl-7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-1-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzyl]-1.2.3.4-tetrahydro-isochinolin, wie durch oxydativen Abbau gezeigt werden konnte.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 791-793 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α.β-Dibrom-β-[benzthiazolyl-(2)]-propionsäure spaltet unter der Einwirkung von Alkalien keinen Bromwasserstoff, sondern Brom ab. N-Methyl-chinolon, N-Methyl-chinoliniumjodid und N.N′-Dimethyl-benzimidazolon reagieren mit den Monometallverbindungen des Acetylens nicht. Dagegen gelang die Umsetzung von 2-Chlor-benzoxazol mit Acetylen-natrium zum 2-Äthinylbenzoxazol.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 793-806 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Brenztraubensäure besitzt in komplexer Bindung eine Reihe von Eigenschaften, die von der freien Säure nicht bekannt sind. So nimmt das Substitutionsvermögen gegenüber Halogen namentlich bei Gegenwart von guten Komplexbildnern beträchtlich zu. Im Falle der Jodsubstitution konnte die Abhängigkeit der Substitutionsgeschwindigkeit von der Komplexstabilität bewiesen und damit ein Einblick in die Struktur der als Liganden fixierten Brenztraubensäuremoleküle gewonnen werden.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 855-857 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung von SCl2 bzw. S2Cl2 mit S7NH konnten die Schwefelnitride S15N2 und S16N2 als kristallisierte Substanzen gewonnen werden. Von diesen ist besonders S15N2 resonanzstabilisiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 869-871 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Chlorierung des 2-Mercapto-thiazolo[4.5-b]- und -[5.4-b]chinolins in Essigsäure führt zu den entsprechenden 2-Chlorderivaten. Die Chloratome erwiesen sich als sehr labil und lassen sich leicht durch verschiedene nucleophile Substituenten ersetzen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 982-986 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Am Triacetsäurelacton werden Substitutionsreaktionen in 3-Stellung durchgeführt. Bei der Einwirkung von Benzoldiazoniumchlorid entsteht das 3-Phenyl-Derivat; Aryl-bzw. Aryl-alkyl-carbinole und Aralkylhalogenide reagieren beim Zusammenschmelzen mit Triacetsäurelacton zu den entsprechenden 3-Substitutionsprodukten. Die C-3-Acylierung gelingt in Gegenwart von wasser-freiem Aluminiumtrichlorid.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 998-999 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 977-981 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die 2-[α-Amino-alkyl]-benzimidazole Ia bis IVa lassen sich mit guten Ausbeuten durch Kondensation von o-Phenylendiamin mit den N-p-Tosyl- oder N-Carbobenzoxy-Derivaten von Amino-iminoäther-hydrochloriden und nach-folgende Abspaltung der Tosyl- bzw. der Carbobenzoxy-Gruppe darstellen. Bei Verbindungen mit verzweigtem Alkyl-Rest tritt als Konkurrenz-Reaktion zum Benzimidazol-Ringschluß die Zersetzung des Iminoäther-hydrochlorids zum Säureamid ein.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. XXIX 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 986-988 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Einwirkung von Phosgen auf Arylacetyl-acetessigester in Gegenwart von Pyridin entstehen nicht die erwarteten 3-substituierten 4-Hydroxypyrone-(2), sondern die cyclischen Kohlensäureester der Dienolformen der Arylacetyl-acetessigester.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 988-998 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2.2-Dimethyl-chinuclidon-(6) wird durch eine 12 stufige Synthese in racemischer und optisch aktiver Form dargestellt. Dieses „Lactam“ ist aus sterischen Gründen keiner Säureamidmesomerie fähig. Die sich daraus ergebenden Eigenschaften  -  Basizität, Reaktivität und spektrales Verhalten  -  werden untersucht und diskutiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1012-1018 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die kontinuierliche Dampfphasen-Dehydrochlorierung von Halogenalkyl-chlorsilanen zur Darstellung von Vinyl-trichlorsilan (VII) und Methyl-vinyl-dichlorsilan (XIII) wird auf Chlorpropyl-trichlorsilane übertragen. Es wird ferner über ein sehr einfaches Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Allyl- (I), Propenyl- (II), sowie Crotyl-trichlorsilan (IV) aus den entsprechenden Chloralkyl-trichlorsilanen berichtet. Sie entstehen aus den Chloralkyl-chlorsilanen durch Behandeln mit „großoberflächigen“ Stoffen, wie Silicium-, Kupfer- oder Eisenpulver bei oder unterhalb ihrer Siedetemperaturen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1042-1048 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dipolmomente und UV-Spektren von Thionylanilinen weisen darauf hin, daß die NS-Bindung in diesen Substanzen als Vierelektronenbindung aufgefaßt werden kann, die mit benachbarten π-Elektronensystemen in Wechselwirkung tritt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1092-1101 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Substituierte Ammoniumsalze vom Typ I liefern mit Abkömmlingen des Phenylglyoxals in Methanol in glatter Reaktion Lactolid-Basen vom Typ II. Aus diesen lassen sich verschiedene Octa- bzw. Decahydroisochinolin-Derivate darstellen, die in 1-Stellung einen substituierten Benzylrest tragen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1105-1112 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden 2-[p-Aminosulfonyl-phenylhydrazino]-thiazole beschrieben, die durch Kondensation von 1-[p-Aminosulfonyl-phenyl]-thiosemicarbazid mit α-Halogen-carbonylverbindungen in äthanol. Lösung zugänglich sind. Führt man die gleichen Umsetzungen mit Chloraceton bzw. ω-Chlor-acetophenon in konz. Salzsäure durch, so entsteht das 3-[p-Aminosulfonyl-anilino]-4-methyl-thiazolon-(2)-imid bzw. das 2-Amino-4-[p-aminosulfonyl-phenyl]-5-phenyl-1.3.4-thiodiazin. Ersteres sowie das 3-[p-Aminosulfonyl-anilino]-4.5-dimethyl-thiazolon-(2)-imid lassen sich auch aus Rhodanaceton bzw. 3-Rhodan-butanon-(2) und p-Aminosulfonyl-phenylhydrazin-hydrochlorid darstellen. Dagegen erhält man aus ω-Rhodan-acetophenon und p-Aminosulfonyl-phenylhydrazin-hydrochlorid das Phenylglyoxal-bis-[p-aminosulfonyl-phenylhydrazon].
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1126-1129 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tachysterin2 wurde mit durch Glas gefiltertem Quecksilberdampflicht in Präcalciferol2 umgewandelt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1149-1152 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Anwendung des Verdünnungsprinzipes gelang es, aus primären Aminen und S2Cl2 N.N′-Dialkyl-cyclotetraschwefeldiimide(1) in guter Ausbeute herzustellen. 5 Vertreter dieser Verbindungsklasse wurden als farblose, wohlkristallisierte Verbindungen gewonnen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1158-1163 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Von den sechs möglichen Isomeren des Decalindiols-(1.4) wurden zwei der Reihe des cis-Decalins und zwei der Reihe des trans-Decalins angehörende Diole durch Reduktion von cis- und trans-Decalindion-(1.4) sowie durch katalyt. Hydrierung von Naphthohydrochinon-(1.4) und ar-Tetralindiol-(5.8) mit Raney-Nickel im Autoklaven erhalten, eindeutig der cis- und trans-Reihe zugeordnet und durch Derivate charakterisiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1177-1184 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Anlagerung von Adipinsäure-äthylester-chlorid an Acetylen, Umsetzung mit alkoholischer Lauge und Hydrieren des β-Dicarbonylderivates lieferte 6-Hydroxy-8-methoxy-octansäure-(1)-äthylester (XIII) (Syntheseweg A).  -  Umsetzung von Äthyl-vinyl-äther mit dem Acetal des Adipinaldehydsäure-äthylesters und folgende Hydrierung führte zu 6.8-Diäthoxy-octansäure-(1)-ester (XXIV) (Syntheseweg B).  -  XIII und XXIV wurden über das 6.8-Bisisothiuroniumsalz in d,l-α-Liponsäure umgewandelt. Die guten Ausbeuten beim Einsatz von in 6-Stellung acetylierten 6.8-Dihydroxy-octansäure-Derivaten gestatteten Rückschlüsse auf den Chemismus der Solvolyse sekundärer Ester.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1212-1215 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus cyclischen Ketonen und sekundären Aminen erhältliche α.β-ungesättigte Amine addieren Wasserstoffperoxyd an der Doppelbindung und geben kristalline Peroxyde.
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Als weiteres Beispiel für die präparative Überlegenheit der säurekatalysierten Aldolreaktionen des Formaldehyds gegenüber den OH⊖-katalysierten wird über die Synthese der bisher unbekannten Bisanhydro-ennea-heptose, die das Ringsystem des 3.7-Dioxa-bicyclo-[1.3.3]-nonans enthält, berichtet.  -  Bei der Untersuchung des Verhaltens der Bisanhydro-ennea-heptose gegen Alkalien machten sich in der Abspaltbarkeit der Hydroxymethylgruppen charakteristische Unterschiede geltend, deren Erklärung in den konstitutionell-konstellativen Gegebenheiten zu suchen ist.  -  Bei dem Versuch einer Ringerweiterung an der Anhydro-ennea-heptose mit Diazomethan bildet sich eine Verbindung C9H16O5, die wahrscheinlich kein Derivat des Oxa-cycloheptanons-(4), sondern ein Derivat des Tetrahydro-γ-pyrons ist.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1112-1114 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Autoxydation des N-Benzyl-dihydro-nicotinamids wird in Gegenwart von Flavinen durch einige Metall-Chelate des Sulfosalicylaldehyd-äthylendiimins erheblich beschleunigt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1258-1262 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In der Methylengruppe monosubstituierte β-Dicarbonylverbindungen können durch Umsetzung mit Diacylimido-chlormethanen amidomethyliert werden.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1313-1319 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Methylphenylhydrazone der Monobenzoyl-aldosen liegen im kristallisierten und gelösten Zustand nur als Schiffsche Basen vor, sie zeigen keine Mutarotation und lassen sich zu 5-Benzoyl-2.3.4-triacetyl-pentose- bzw. 6-Benzoyl-2.3.4.5-tetraacetyl-hexose-methylphenylhydrazonen acetylieren, deren Struktur durch Synthese bewiesen wird. Die aus Monobenzoyl-aldose-phenylhydrazonen mit Phenylhydrazin darstellbaren Monobenzoyl-aldose-phenylhydrazonen werden sehr leicht zu Aldose-phenylosazonen und Benzoesäure hydrolysiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1329-1335 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Darstellung des Monobrom-, Monojod- und Trimethoxy-pivalophenons werden beschrieben. Die Halogenverbindungen erleiden bei der Einwirkung wäßriger Alkalien eine hydrolytische Spaltung. Die Methoxyverbindung ist gegen Alkalien stabil.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1366-1375 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zur Darstellung der 8-Methyl-acenaphthen-essigsäure-(3) (X) eignet sich die aus 7-Methyl-tetralon-(1) erhaltene 7-Methyl-tetralon-(1)-essigsäure-(2) nicht. X ist aber aus 7-Methyl-naphthalin-dicarbonsäure-(1.2)-anhydrid in einer 6 stufigen Reaktionsfolge zugänglich. Seine Überführung in das Methyl-cholanthren (XII) gelingt analog der Pschorrschen Phenanthrensynthese. Eine andere Synthese von XII führt über die Kondensation des 8-Methyl-3-[β-brom-äthyl]-acenaphthens mit Cyclohexanon-(1)-carbonsäure-(2)-äthylester zum Ziel.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1386-1397 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Oxydation von Tetralol-(6) und Östradiol-17-monoacetat mit Bleitetraacetat werden Tetralin-p-chinolacetat und 17β-Acetoxy-östra-p-chinol-(10ζ)-acetat dargestellt. Aus den Chinolacetaten lassen sich die Chinole durch basenkatalysierte Umesterung in Freiheit setzen. Dem aufgezeigten Weg kommt allgemeine Bedeutung zur Darstellung von p-Chinolen zu.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1427-1437 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Methylestern ungesättigter Fettsäuren mit Quecksilber(II)-acetat in Methanol führt zu relativ beständigen Addukten. Der geschwindigkeitsbestimmende Schritt der Reaktion folgt dem Gesetz der 2. Ordnung. Diskontinuierliche Gegenstromverteilung ermöglicht nach der Adduktbildung ungesättigter Fettsäuremethylester deren nahezu quantitative Abtrennung aus Gemischen mit gesättigten Fettsäureestern. Die Trennung cis-trans-isomerer ungesättigter Fettsäuren über ihre Quecksilberaddukte gelingt ebenfalls mit hohem Reinheitsgrad und befriedigender Ausbeute auf Grund ihrer unterschiedlichen RG. cis-trans-Isomerisierung wurde hierbei bisher nur in sehr geringem Ausmaß beobachtet.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1478-1480 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Umsetzung von Chlorameisensäure-benzylester mit überschüssigem Hydrazinhydrat in absol. Chloroform ergibt Carbobenzoxy-hydrazin. In wäßrigem Medium entsteht vorwiegend N.N′-Dicarbobenzoxy-hydrazin (I), das von rauchender Salpetersäure leicht zu Azodicarbonsäure-dibenzylester (II) dehydriert wird.
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Methylmercapto-acrylsäure-methylester läßt sich bei Temperaturen von 100-150° in ein Dimeres umwandeln, dem auf Grund der sauren Hydrolyse zu α-Keto-α′-methylmercapto-adipinsäure, der alkalischen Hydrolyse zu α-Methylmercapto-muconsäure und der entschwefelnden Hydrierung zu Adipinsäure-diester die Struktur eines α.α′-Bis-methylmercapto-dihydromuconsäureesters zukommt. Ein neues Isomeres des Methionins, α-Methylmercapto-β-amino-buttersäure, wird durch Addition von Ammoniak an α-Methylmercapto-crotonsäuremethylester dargestellt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1517-1523 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von 1.3.5-Trinitro-benzol mit Nitrophloroglucin sowie diejenige von Pikrinsäure mit Phloroglucin führt zu polycyclischen Verbindungen. Deren adamantanartige Konstitution wird auf Grund UV-spektroskopischer Vergleiche diskutiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1526-1538 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Schwefelwasserstoff mit Schwefeltrioxyd ohne Lösungsmittel oder in Frigen liefert bei -78° nur ein weißes Addukt, das im Vakuum wieder quantitativ in seine Bestandteile zerfällt.  -  Reaktion von Schwefelwasserstoff mit Chlorsulfonsäure bei -78° ergibt solvatfreie Thioschwefelsäure H2S2O3, die dabei als in flüssiger Luft glasig erstarrendes öl anfällt.  -  Die gleiche Verbindung kann durch Umsetzung von Chlorwasserstoff mit Natriumthiosulfat in Methylenchlorid, Methylbromid und Aceton dargestellt werden. Sie ist thermisch unbeständiger als das durch Oxoniumsalzbildung stabilisierte ätherat H2S2O3·2R2O.  -  Die Ursachen der Bildung von Trithionsäure neben Thioschwefelsäure aus Na2S2O3 und HCl bei Feuchtigkeitsausschluß in Äther werden unter Annahme der Mitwirkung saurer Thiosulfate diskutiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1573-1578 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der durch Säuren katalysierte Isochinolin-Ringschluß ist unter bestimmten Bedingungen auch mit Substanzen durchführbar, die eine säureempfindliche Gruppe enthalten. Auf diese Weise lassen sich Enoläther bzw. Acetale des Decahydroisochinolons herstellen (XII bzw. XIII), die durch nachfolgende Hydrolyse das freie α.β-ungesättigte Ringketon (XVI) liefern, das man durch direkten Ringschluß nicht erhalten kann.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1587-1593 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Anlagerung von Ammoniak an Shikimisäure (I) entstehen vorwiegend zwei stereoisomere Aminosäuren der Konstitution III und IV.
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Halogenierte Amine des Typs R—CHCl—NR2 entstehen durch Spaltung von Aminalen (1) aliphatischer oder aromatischer Aldehyde mit Halogenwasserstoff oder durch Umsetzung von Enaminen (XIII) mit Halogenwasserstoff.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1614-1617 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Knoevenagel-Kondensation von 2.3;4.5-Diisopropyliden-al-D-arabinose mit Acetessigester, Malonester, Cyanessigester und Benzoylaceton werden Zuckerderivate mit verlängerter und verzweigter Kohlenstoffkette gewonnen, die teilweise mit Lithiumaluminiumhydrid reduziert werden.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1635-1637 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Beim fraktionierten Umkristallisieren von Mannose-[1-T]-phenylhydrazon und Glucose-[1-T] werden Isotopeneffekte beobachtet, die durch die in den Lösungen ablaufenden Isomerisierungen erklärt werden.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1654-1657 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: (±)-Corypalmin und (±)-Isocorypalmin wurden nach einer vereinfachten Methode zur Darstellung von Tetrahydro-protoberberinen synthetisiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1643-1653 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese einiger 4- und 5-substituierter β-Naphthochinone wird beschrieben. über ihre Dehydrogenasewirkung und Autoxydation wird diskutiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1672-1674 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nitro-hydroxy-acetophenone wurden mit verschiedenen aromatischen Aldehyden in Gegenwart von AlCl3 sowie von verdünntem Alkali zu teilweise noch unbekannten Chalkonen kondensiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1700-1705 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die strukturelle Abhängigkeit der Hydrogenolyse von organisch gebundenem Chlor mit Raney-Nickel in Gegenwart einer zum Halogen äquivalenten Menge an Kalilauge wurde untersucht. Aus organischen Brom- und Jodverbindungen läßt sich das Halogen auch dann hydrierend entfernen, wenn die entsprechende Chlorverbindung nicht reagiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1695-1699 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Natrium-dialkylphosphite reagieren mit den Äthoxymethylen-Derivaten von β-Dicarbonyl-Verbindungen unter Addition und nachfolgender Abspaltung von Natriumäthylat zu α-β-ungesättigten Dicarbonyl-phosphonsäure-estern. Aus Äthoxymethylen-cyanessigester und Natrium-diäthylphosphit entsteht in analoger Weise Diäthylphosphono-cyanessigester.  -  Die hydrolytische Spaltung der ungesättigten Phosphonsäure-ester wird beschrieben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1705-1709 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Darstellung von o-Diacetyl-benzol, ausgehend von o-Acetyl-benzoesäure, wird beschrieben. 4-Nitro-1.2-diacetyl-benzol wird aus 4- oder 5-Nitro-2-äthyl-benzoesäure über 4- oder 5-Nitro-2-äthyl-acctophenon dargestellt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1748-1755 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Δ1-Pyrrolin-N-oxyd wird durch Dehydrierung des aus N-Äthyl-pyrrolidin-N-oxyd erhältlichen N-Hydroxy-pyrrolidins monomer gewonnen. Umsetzungen dieses bisher einfachsten Nitrons mit Lithiumalanat, Phenylmagnesiumbromid und Phenylisocyanat werden beschrieben. Die Dehydrierung des 1-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-pyrrolidins mit Quecksilberoxyd führt zum 2-Phenyl-Δ1-pyrrolin-N-oxyd, im Gegensatz zum Verhalten des analogen Piperidinderivats, das zum 6-Phenyl-Δ1-piperidein-N-oxyd dehydriert wird. Das unterschiedliche Verhalten analoger Pyrrolidin- und Piperidinderivate wird aus der Stereochemie erklärt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 96
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zwischen den gesättigten Aldehyden VIII und IX besteht ein durch Protonenkatalyse einstellbares Gleichgewicht, ebenso zwischen den ungesättigten Aldehyden V und VI. Die Reduktion des trans-Aldehyds VI mit Lithium in flüssigem Ammoniak liefert das Gleichgewichtsgemisch von VIII und IX. Dieses kann durch Wittig-Reaktion mit Triphenylphosphin-isoamyliden und nachfolgende Hydrierung in ein Gemisch der an C-20 isomeren C18-Alkohole (II + XII) umgewandelt werden, aus dem sich der 20-n-Alkohol II durch fraktionierte Esterkristallisation gewinnen läßt. Der Aufbau von II zum Vitamin D3 ist bereits beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1818-1819 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Darstellung von Methyl-[α-chlor-alkyl]-äthern aus Oxoverbindungen, Methanol und Chlorwasserstoff ist bei Anwendung tiefer Temperaturen allgemein durchführbar.
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1834-1841 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Auch der zweiwertige Schwefel der Thioäther, Mercaptane und Disulfide zeigt gegenüber Protonen noch eine gewisse Basizität und bildet mit Chlorwasserstoff in Gegenwart von Komplexbildnern Sulfoniumsalze, die Wasserstoff am Schwefel enthalten. Derartige Mono- und Dialkylsulfoniumsalze zeigen durchweg eine hohe Chlorwasserstofftension und können daher nur bei tiefer Temperatur gehandhabt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1918-1920 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Formamid mit Methyläthylketon über Aluminiumoxyd führt bei 350-360° zu α-Amino-methyläthylacetonitril, bei 250-260° zu N-[α-Amino-isovaleryl]-N′-[2-imino-5-methyl-3.5-diäthyl-pyrrolidinyl-(3)]-harnstoff.
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 92 (1959), S. 1867-1879 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die von verschiedenen Streptomyces-Arten gleichzeitig gebildeten roten Antibiotica Cinerubin A und B geben bei der sauren Hydrolyse drei Zucker und ein Aglykon C22H20O9. Für das letztere wurde auf Grund physikalischer Eigenschaften und chemischer Reaktionen die Teilformel I abgeleitet. Das Aglykon der Cinerubine ist mit dem inzwischen von H. Brockmann und Mitarbb. isolierten und in seiner Konstitution aufgeklärten ∊-Pyrromycinon identisch.Wir danken Herrn Professor H. Brockmann für die freundliche Mitteilung seiner unveröffentlichten Ergebnisse. Einer von uns (V. P) hatte weiter die Gelegenheit, am 6. Oktober 1958, im Rahmen des Sommerkurses über die Chemie der Naturstoffe in Varenna, einen ausführlichen Vortrag von Professor Brockmann über die Chemie der Pyrromycinone zu hören. Bei diesem Anlaß wurde beschlossen, die Ergebnisse der beiden Forschungsgruppen gleichzeitig zu veröffentlichen (vgl. S. 1880, 1904 dieses Heftes)..
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