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  • 550 - Earth sciences  (15)
  • German  (15)
  • Arabic
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  • 1995-1999  (15)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Within a few years after the German reunification, most open pit lignite mines in the Central German Lignite Mining District have been shut down leaving more than 200km2 of devastated land in Saxony (Germany) even now. These areas are in demand of short term conceptions for future landuse and suitable recultivation methods. This thesis investigates, how thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing in particular can provide valuable information, which is required to assist the landuse planning in identifying and classifying critical areas. In order to establish the mining of the lignitic seams the overburden Quatemary and Tertiary sediments had been removed and dumped in conveyor bridge dumps. The Tertiary sediments contain the mineral pyrite, which reacts to sulfuric acid under wet oxidizing conditions. The acidification of the dumps is not only strongly affecting the chemical characteristics of groundwater and residual lakes but also the stability of slopes leaving the risk of slides and subsidences. For a risk assessment of the aff~cted areas the geochemical and mineralogical composition as well as compositional changes of the dumps have to be explored. This is giving strong motivation for the application of remote sensing methods to answer the short term demands of landuse planners. Hyperspectral scanner data were acquired over two open pits (Espenhain, Zwenkau). The used scanner is DLR's Digital Airbome Imaging Spectrometer (DAIS 7915) which records data in 79 bands from the visible to thermal infrared. To allow a quantitative approach by means of empirical methods, the airbome data had to undergo a number of correction procedures and accompanying ground truth measurements had to be carried out. For a quantitative analysis of the target area, the data were calibrated and atmospherically corrected. Atmospheric modeling is based on the software packages SENSAT and ATCOR using the MODTRAN code. Interna! distortions of the imagery were corrected from flight attitude information and the data were finally geocoded to Gauß-Krüger-coordinates. A total of 77 field sarnples were taken to develop quantification algorithms based on spectral characteristics. Chemical and mineralogical analyses (GFZ Potsdam) as well as thermal infrared laboratory spectrometry (2.5-14μm) were performed. The samples were found tobe mainly composed of quartz (50-90 weigth percent), alkaline feldspars (5-20 wt.% ), kaolinite (0-15 wt.%), illite (2-20 wt.%) and pyrite (0-4 wt.%). In the TIR, many rock-forming minerals (e.g. silicates) show characteristic spectral features. To investigate the influence of different grain sizes on the spectral behavior, the particulate material was ground to grain sizes 〈63μm. Both, the fine homogenized and the original dump sediments were measured. The mineralogical quantitative sarnple composition was correlated with the spectral features measured in the laboratory. Different approaches were investigated to quantify the rnineralogical composition including absorption band depths and spectral angle mapping (SAM). The analysis in the laboratory allowed a determination of kaolinite and quartz contents of the overburden dumps. By transferring the regressions obtained from laboratory spectroscopy to atmospherically corrected and calibrated DAIS 7915 data, quartz contents were successfully mapped. Due to the broad TIR bands of DAIS, the spectral features of kaolinite were not resolved in the airbome data. A temperature map derived from night-time DAIS thermal infrared data were evaluated with respect to exothermic pyrite oxidation, too. The fresh Tertiary dumps in Zwenkau show thermal anomalies which seem to be related to exothermic oxidation processes. As a final outlook, the potential of the ASTER sensor, which is planned to be launched in early 1999, was evaluated. The TIR bands of ASTER are likely tobe a powerful tool for the mapping of quartz contents of particulate material. However, the low geometric resolution in the thermal infrared (90m pixel size) causes limitations for a structural analysis. Therefore, the Multi-Sensor-Multi-Resolution Technique (MMT) was used to unmix the low resolution bands using the higher resolution reflective ASTER bands (15-30m pixel size). The results show a significant improvement of the images. The MMT algorithm allows a further spectral investigation of the unmixed TIR data. The results presented in this work show that remote sensing data can provide useful information for a quantitative assessment and monitoring of environmental impacts. The combined use of the wavelength region from the VIS to TIR produces characteristic features that allow a differentiation of the mineralogical components, which could not have been achieved with either data set separately.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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  • 2
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    In:  Geothermisches Heizwerk Neustadt-Glewe : Zustands- und Stoffparameter, Prozeßmodellierungen, Betriebserfahrungen und Emissionsbilanzen | Scientific Technical Report STR | Geothermie-Report
    Publication Date: 2024-03-11
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 3
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    GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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  • 4
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung: 17. Kolloquium: Neustadt an der Weinstraße, 9.- 13.3.1998
    Publication Date: 2021-09-27
    Description: Magmadynamische Prozesse im Inneren eines Vulkans können an der Oberfläche als seismische Signale registriert werden. Die bekannteste Signalform ist der vulkanische Tremor, dessen harmonische Anteile im Spektrum auf Instabilitäten des Magmaflusses hinweisen. Um diese Instabilitäten zu erklären, wird von Chouet (1) und Schick (2) ein Zweiphasenflußmodell vorgeschlagen. Das Vorhandensein einer freien Gasphase erhöht die Kompressibilität des Magmas, was die Entstehung von extrem starken Druckgradienten ermöglicht. Der Zweiphasenfluß in einem porösen Medium aber erzeugt zeitvariable elektrische Strömungspotentiale (3), die von den Druckgradienten abhängen. Unsere Idee war daher, an gleichzeitig registrierten seismischen und magnetotellurischen Zeitreihen, vom Tremor erzeugte Änderungen des elektrikschen Feldes festzustellen
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 5
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung: 17. Kolloquium: Neustadt an der Weinstraße, 9.- 13.3.1998
    Publication Date: 2021-09-27
    Description: Im Sommer 1997 wurden erstmalig im Rahmen des DFG-Schwerpunktes MERAPI magnetotellurische Messungen am Hochrisikovulkan Merapi durchgeführt. Erste Kenntnisse der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit im lokalen wie im regionalen Umfeld des Vulkans bilden die Grundlage, um ein elektrisches Abbild des Merapi zu erstellen. Ziel ist die Erkundung von signifikanten Leitfähigkeitskontrasten, die mit der Entstehung oder mit der rezenten Aktivität des Vulkans zusammenhängen. Ursachen für hohe Leitfähigkeiten können . Schwächezonen sein, die den Aufstieg des Magmas während der Entstehung des Vulkans begünstigen und noch heute beeinflussen, . hydrothermale Fluide, die in Konvektionszellen, angetrieben vom heißen Magma, zirkulieren, . hydrothermale Ablagerungen sowie . das heiße Magma. Um einen ersten Überblick zu gewinnen, wurden auf zwei Profilen Messungen zur Bestimmung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit im Untergrund durchgeführt: (1) auf einem Profil von 165 km Länge zur Untersuchung der regionalen Leitfähigkeitsstruktur, (2) auf einem Profil von 9 km Länge zur Untersuchung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit direkt am Vulkan.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 6
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    In:  Protokoll über das Kolloquium Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung: 17. Kolloquium: Neustadt an der Weinstraße, 9.- 13.3.1998
    Publication Date: 2021-09-27
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-11-14
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German , English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 8
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    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Die vorliegende Arbeit präsentiert ein quantitatives tektonisches Modell für das NW' saxothuringische Becken, das im NW-Sporn der Böhmischen Masse aufgeschlossen ist (Thüringer Wald und Frankenwald). Die Untersuchungen konzentrieren sich auf eine Profiltraverse von der Vesser-Zone im NW bis zur Frontüberschiebung des Münchberger Deckenstapels im SE, zwischen Fränkischer Linie im SW und Frankenwälder Querzone im NE. Der zugrundeliegende geologisch-geophysikalische Datensatz basiert zu großen Teilen auf publizierten Befunden, ergänzt durch eigene strukturgeologische Untersuchungen und geothermobarometrische Abschätzungen der syntektonischen Metamorphosebedingungen.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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  • 9
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    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2022-11-30
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 10
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    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Publication Date: 2022-11-30
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts erweitern und verbessern die bisherige Kenntnis über den rezenten Spannungszustand von Mitteleuropa. Die Meßergebnisse vom Raum Sachsen-Thüringen als Teil des Grenzgebietes Böhmisches Massiv gegen das südwestliche Vorland beruhen auf oberflächennahen in-situ-Messungen. Obwohl sie nur die Spannungsverteilung der obersten Kruste wiederspiegeln, ergeben sie ein interpretierbares Bild. Trotz ermittelter Variabilität der Spannungsrichtungen und - Intensitäten ist eine Geologie-relevante Felderung in Gebiete mit relativ homogenen Spannungsrichtungen erkennbar. In-situ-Spannungsmessungen sind offenbar trotz aller Einschränkungen, die den Autoren bewußt sind, geeignet, das unterschiedliche rezente Verhalten geologischer Strukturen zu ermitteln. Nachweisbar ist der Einfluß rezent aktiver regionaler Störungszonen auf das Spannungsfeld: Gestützt wird die Aussagefähigkeit der Meßdaten durch zahlreiche Ergebnisse anderer Autoren (und Methoden), mit denen sie in der Regel übereinstimmen.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
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  • 13
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    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2022-11-14
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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