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  • 42.55  (107)
  • Springer  (107)
  • 1980-1984  (107)
  • 1950-1954
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  • Springer  (107)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of substituting metal vapour with metal halide vapour in a hollow cathode laser discharge (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 35 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract He−Zn and He−ZnCl2 hollow cathode discharges were compared. The metal vapour concentration necessary for laser operation can be achieved at a lower temperature for the molecular substance. On the other hand, the efficiency decreases because part of the He ions necessary for the selective excitation of the upper laser level of the metal ion are lost in the dissociation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886479
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of CO2-laser power variations via plasma tube impedance changes (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 407-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 52 ; 85.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A method is described for detection of CO2-laser power variations which requires no optical detector. It is based on plasma-tube impedance changes induced by the laser power flow within the cavity. A constant-current high-voltage power supply and a special equalizer are necessary to obtain a voltage proportional to the laser power. Details for the design of the equalizer are given. The detection scheme works for frequencies up to about 5 kHz and can be used for laser frequency stabilization or signature analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00895933
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simplification of the helical TE N2 laser (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 319-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the observation that the helical TE N2 laser can effectively be simplified by giving up the use of decoupling elements as well as by abolishing the segmentation of the electrode structure. Although, as a consequence of this simplification, the operating pressure range was slightly decreased, the output power could be improved by roughly 30%, a result which is attributed to the new electrode geometry exhibiting lower inductance and lower damping losses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00895921
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of Pin electrode CO2-lasers (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 149-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The stability of parallel pin electrode CO2-laser discharges, coupled by carrier diffusion only, against concentration of current in one column and subsequent transition into an arc, is investigated theoretically. A small signal description of the time dependent behaviour of a column with falling characteristic caused by a wall sheath of considerable width is used. It is shown that an inductance in series to each discharge is not able to avoid glow to arc transition, though enlarges the duration of the glow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885998
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared fluorescence and laser action of fast mode-locking dyes (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 355-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 32 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Fluorescence spectra in the near infrared are observed of the dye Eastman 9860 and of new, faster mode-locking dyes. The quantum efficiencies are determined to be small with η≃10−3. The short fluorescence lifetimes are deduced from optical gain measurements. The fluorescence time-constants are found to have the same value as the corresponding absorption recovery times. Even laser action is observed in these fast saturable absorbers previously belieyed to be non-fluorescent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00901056
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gasdynamic CO laser with closed-cycle gas flow (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 421-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 47 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The operation of an electrically excited gasdynamic CO laser with closed-cycle gas flow is described. Details of the gasdynamics, the recompression, and the cooling of the flowing gas are given. The electrical discharge produces contaminating gas compounds—in particular CO2—which accumulate in the recirculating gas. The resulting transient behavior of the laser gas composition, the discharge characteristics, and the laser performance are studied and compared with the results obtained with the same CO laser in an open-flow system. It is found that the closed-cycle system may be operated for considerable time if the CO2 contamination is removed from the laser gas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00901068
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solubility limit of impurities in silicon after laser induced melting (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 15-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 64.75+g ; 61.70T ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The solubility of several dopants (Sb, Ga, Bi, In) in laser treated silicon has been investigated. The dopants were introduced by vacuum deposition followed by ruby laser irradiation. Their solubility was determined by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy measurements in channelling and random conditions. In all cases, a maximum solubilityC S * , much higher than the equilibrium solubility limitC S 0 and independent of the pulsed laser energy density, was found. The values obtained are in good agreement with those calculated from a simple model based on phase diagram considerations, using the relationship: $$C_S^* = \frac{{C_S^0 }}{{k_0 }}k^* ,$$ wherek 0 andk * are the equilibrium and effective distribution coefficients. Finally, the existence of a new solubility limit for a laser treatment is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899564
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral, fluorescent, photochemical and laser properties of some organic compound vapors (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 83-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 82.50 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Absorption and fluorescence spectra of rarefied vapors ofp-terphenyl, 1,4-bis-[2(5-phenyloxazolyl)]-benzene, 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazole, 2,5-diphenylfuran are measured. Extinction coefficients, quantum yields of fluorescence and one-photon decomposition of molecules are determined for vapors excited by pulsed laser radiation at 266 and 355 nm in the temperature range from 200 to 400°C. It is shown that for all cases studied the one-photon decomposition is only a small part of the total quantum yield of the radiationless deactivation of the fluorescent state. Laser action has, for the first time, been obtained in 2,5-diphenylfuran vapor at 356 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899574
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel picosecond-pulse dye laser system (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 135-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A laser system capable of generating picosecond pulses of 2 ps duration and peak powers of up to 50 MW, tunable throughout the emission spectrum of the lasing medium is described. The system consists of a cw dye laser which is tuned and is actively mode-locked by means of a novel interferometer. Single-pulse amplification is achieved via a two-stage N2-laser-pumped amplifier arrangement. One of the most attractive features of the system here described is its inherent versatile broad tunability, which should allow, with different lasing media and pump sources, ps pulse generation from 400 to 700 nm using the same interferometer device.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899708
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New cw FIR laser lines from optically pumped ammonia analogues (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 127-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two new cw submillimetre lines optically pumped by the 9 μR(30) CO2 laser have been observed for14NH3 and assigned to thea(6,0)→s(5,0) transition and to its cascade transitions(5,0)→a(4,0) in thev 2=1 state. In addition, six new emission lines have been observed for NH2D, and one tentatively assigned to the (11,1)→(10,1) transition of ND3. Methylamine has also been investigated and twenty-eight new emission lines have been discovered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899706
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A high power N2-laser of long pulse duration (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 341-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An N2-laser of 19 ns pulse-duration and an energy of 30 mJ has been developed and examined. A dc preionization, a grooved electrode and a partial electrical screening of the discharge tube permit reproducible single-shot operation and yield a homogeneous beam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00903212
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous operation at two different wavelengths of an PrLaP5O14 laser (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous laser operation at the wavelengths of λ1=637 and λ2=717 in Pr0.5La0.5P5O14 single crystals was observed. The crystals were excited by nanosecond publses from a Coumarin 2 dye laser (λ=450 nm). Laser emissions and their interdependence were studied both in crystals without an external resonator and in crystals placed within a plane parallel resonator. The energetic, time and frequency characteristics for both laser actions were examined. The effect of bifrequential emission was also found in crystals of different ratios of Pr and La ions concentration and in pure praseodymium pentaphosphate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900390
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared laser emission in two-photon pumped sodium vapour (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 33.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report infrared laser emission in the region of 3 to 5 μm from sodium vapour optically pumped by a pulsed dye laser with wavelengths ranging from 585 to 610nm. Twophoton excitation processes are believed to be responsible for the primary excitation. Both molecular transitions (4 to 5 μm) between high lying states, and atomic transitions (52 S 1/2−42 P 3/2,1/2 at 3.41 μm) have been identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900394
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bistability of a CO2 laser with SF6 intracavity as an absorber: Transient effects (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 45-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65 ; 64
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigated time-dependent effects related to the bistable operation of a CO2 laser with an intracavity nonlinear absorber (SF6). The response of the system to small perturbations was sensitively dependent on the operating laser line [P(12)→P(30)] of the 10.6 μm band. The narrow bistable region forP(12), due to a very narrow hysteresis loop, can be effectively utilized for optical switching, because of its pronounced sensitivity to variations in operational parameters. The maximum admissable beam blocking time (intracavity) for spontaneous return to lasing was measured forP(16), for a range of absorber pressures. This τm is related to the relaxation time of the upper level in the absorber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900396
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulse properties of a synchronously mode-locked, cavity dumped, picosecond dye laser system (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A synchronously mode-locked, cavity-dumped picosecond dye laser is described. The structure and intensity of the picosecond pulses measured under different conditions are reported. It was found that the structure of the pulses from the synchronously pumped dye laser depends critically on the length of the Ar+ laser pulses. At the shortest Ar+ laser pulses of about 70 ps the dye pulses are as short as 1.1 ps. With Ar+ laser pulses of 200 ps the dye laser pulses contains a broad satellite pulse which contains a large fraction of the total intensity. When a cavity dumper is added to the system one gets dye laser pulses 15–20 ps long with a substructure, which indicates incomplete mode-locking. Well mode-locked 1.5–2.0 ps pulses were obtained in the red part of the dye laser action spectrum, i.e. 620–650 nm for R6G, 595–608 nm for R 110 and 657–662 nm for RB, respectively. Addition of mode-locking dyes also improved the pulse quality at some wavelengths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899763
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiocarbon dating by infrared laser spectroscopy (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 381-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A tunable diode laser and a multipass optical cell are used to investigate the feasibility of performing radiocarbon dating by means of infrared spectroscopy. We show that the detection of14CO2 at concentrations of14C/12C≲10−12 is not limited by interferences from the background of normal CO2 molecules, provided the gas sample is cooled. Using short-time constants, the present sensitivity of the infrared technique is comparable to that of an ideal disintegration counter. The experimental results are extrapolated to long time constants to demonstrate that radiocarbon dating by infrared spectroscopy is feasible, and that carbon samples with a mass of less than 1 gm can be dated by this technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899738
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A hollow cathode carbon atom laser (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 25 (1981), S. 273-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Near-infrared laser action of atomic carbon was obtained using a hollow cathode discharge tube. Besides the known 1.4543 μm and 1.0691 μm laser lines, cw laser operation at 1.0683 μm, 0.9658 μm, and 0.9406 μm wavelength was observed for the first time. The source of carbon was due to dissociation of CO, CO2 or CH4 added to the He buffer gas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00902982
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A linac-pumped excimer laser: Fluorescence and scaling studies (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 25 (1981), S. 329-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This work was an experimental investigation of a potential large-scale excimer laser system, in which a high-pressure KrF gas mix was pumped by the 4-MeV electron beam from an available linear accelerator. As a function of the mix and the pressure, fluorescence from KrF* and/or Kr2F* were produced with good efficiency. Comparing measured data with a kinetic model, it was found that the kinetics followed the “normal” patterns seen in low-energy electron pumping. The data fitting process also resulted in a new value for the three-body quenching rate constant for reactions involving Ar. A critical factor in the development of this laser will be an improvement in beam control over that afforded by a simple solenoidal magnet. The conditions necessary for lasing are predicted; no inherent limitations on scaling of the device were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00902991
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonant pumping far-infrared NH3 laser (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 33-36 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 33 ; 34
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A far-infrared (FIR) NH3 laser was resonantly pumped with a line-tunable infrared (IR) NH3 laser. The number of the observed FIR laser lines amounted to 33. Most of them belonged toaR(J,K) rotation-inversion transition in (0, 1, 0, 0) vibrational state. The line tunability of sealed-off FIR NH3 laser was almost achieved in 90, 115, 150, and 220 μm wavelength regions by the selective line tuning of the pumping IR NH3 laser.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00702684
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple method for single-frequency operation and stabilization of a He−Ne laser (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 193-195 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple method for single-frequency operation and stabilization of a low power He−Ne laser has been described and used. With a proper resonator length very weak sideband modes on each side of the strong mode produce a feedback signal to a piezoelectric pusher which controls the resonator length. The long-term frequency stability was estimated to be about ±10 MHz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692446
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single picosecond-pulse generation in a mode-locked oscillator and regenerative amplifier system (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 239-242 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A mode-locked Nd-glass laser oscillator with intra-cavity pulse selection by a Pockels cell shutter is described. A regenerative amplifier system with a saturable absorber is used to shorten the selected light pulses from the master oscillator. Pulses were shortened from 8 ps to 1 ps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692544
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  • 22
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    Observation and assignment of submillimetre laser lines from CH3OH pumped by isotopic CO2 lasers (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 19-25 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract New laser lines have been generated using methanol when isotopically labelled CO2 is used in the pump laser. 19 lines have been found when13C16O2 is used and 29 when12C18O2 is used. The wavelengths of the emission lines have been measured with a relative accuracy of 5×10−3 using the submillimetre resonator as a scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer, and the polarizations of the lines have also been measured. Some of the laser lines have been assigned to pure rotational transitions in the excited state associated with the CO stretching mode, other lines are believed to originate from pumping in combination bands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697292
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  • 23
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    On the theory of electron motion due to superposed em waves and its application to the free-electron laser with linear polarization (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 15-20 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 41
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The relativistic motion of a charged particle in an electromagnetic field depending only on one coordinate is shown to be exactly equivalent to the unidimensional motion of a particle having a time and space-varying mass. By means of the averaged Lagrangian method an approximate solution is obtained for the relativistic electron motion in two oppositely moving waves of any polarization, one of them being weaker than the other one, thus generalizing the results previously obtained for circular polarization. A comparison with numerical calculations shows a good agreement. A pendulum-like motion in an effective periodic potential is shown to exist not only for two waves of the same frequency, but more generally when the frequency of the weaker wave is an odd harmonic of the frequency of the stronger one.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693886
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  • 24
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    Novel quantum-electronics phenomena and devices (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 152-156 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688656
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  • 25
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    Electron dynamics in free electron laser resonator modes (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 101-109 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.50 ; 42.55 ; 52.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study the electron phase-space evolution and gain in free electron lasers whose short-wavelength radiation has Gaussian spherial wavefronts. Several free electron laser designs are considered: the undulator, the tapered wavelength undulator, and the optical klystron. We find that the gain spectrum is no longer proportional to the slope of the forward spontaneous emission spectrum, and we determine the design of the Gaussian mode which maximizes the energy extraction from the electron beam.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692771
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  • 26
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    Free electron laser (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 157-158 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688657
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  • 27
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    New FIR laser lines from optically pumped DCOF (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 1-4 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Twenty FIR laser lines with wavelengths between 146 and 2000 μm have been observed from deuterated formyl fluoride (DCOF) optically pumped with isotopic CO2 lasers. Tunable diode laser measurements on thev 4 band of DCOF were combined with earlier high precision spectroscopic data on thev 3 andv 4 bands, and enabled identification of the transitions responsible for 9 of the new FIR lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692650
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  • 28
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    Modulation of radiation in nonstationary resonant media (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 41-45 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.10 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study the propagation of radiation in a gas, the resonant frequency of which changes with time when affected by external electric and magnetic fields. It is shown that for an harmonic change of the resonant frequency under appreciable energy exchange between electromagnetic field and medium, deep amplitude modulation of radiation may be achieved. The analytical expressions obtained for a field in a gas allow rather accurate calculation of the space-time structure of the radiation penetrated through the medium layer. The numerical calculations are compared with the known experiment [4], good agreement is obtained. The transformation of radiation between dispersive branches with adiabatic stepwise variation of the resonant frequency has been also studied. Branch-tobranch transformation is investigated and the adiabatic invariant is found to be the total number of the high and low frequency radiation quanta corresponding to two dispersive branches.
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    Dye stability under excimer-laser pumping (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 109-116 
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    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The stability of polymethine dyes under XeCl laser excitation has been investigated. (For these dyes emitting in the ir the difference between absorbed and emitted photoenergy is 2 eV.) The stability was measured in an amplifier device operating in the saturated regime. While the influence on dye concentration is negligible, the fluence dependence shows the importance of two photon absorptions. A meausure for the stability is the number of photons which can be emitted per dye molecule before the dye solution has degraded to 50% of the initial value. This value is in the range of 150–280. The stability is clearly related to the formation of photoproducts absorbing at the pump and the laser wavelength. A model starting from the change in the dye solution absorption spectra is in very good agreement with the observed energy decays.
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    Population inversion in thallium by flashlamp-photodissociation of TII (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 83-84 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 33.80
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    Notes: Abstract A population inversion between the 62 P 3/2 and 62 P 1/2 state of thallium has been achieved for the first time by incoherent photodissociation of TII. This is accomplished by using wall-ablating flashlamps of short risetime and appropriate light filtering. The inversion lasts about 4 μs and is terminated by quenching collisions.
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    Power enhancement of the cw 12.08 μm NH3 Raman laser with the addition of H2/He buffer gases (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 105-111 
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    Notes: Abstract The effects of H2, He, and N2 buffer gases on the efficiency of the cw 12.08 μm NH3 Raman laser are studied experimentally. The laser output power is increased by nearly 60% with the addition of H2 or He, which we essentially attribute to the high thermal conductivity of these buffer gases. In the optimum conditions (NH3/H2:1/1 mixture with 0.35 Torr partial pressure of NH3) 3.3 W output power at 12.08 μm is obtained which corresponds to 11% power conversion efficiency.
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    Transverse mode dynamics in a free-electron laser (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 9-16 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.20 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract We derive the most general equations of motion for the electrons and the electromagnetic field in a free-electron laser including the effects of diffraction and pulse propagation. The field evolution is expressed in terms of the amplitudes and phases of a complete set of transverse modes. The analytic solution is given in the small-signal regime, where the theory is shown to be in excellent agreement with a recent experiment at Orsay.
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  • 33
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    The effect of added nitrogen on multiphoton absorption by ammonia (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 75-78 
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    Keywords: 33 ; 34 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract Multiphoton absorption (MPA) of the CO2 laser 9 μmR(30) line (pulse width 60 ns, FWHM) by NH3 and NH3/N2 mixtures was studied as a function of gas composition, pressure and laser fluence (Φ). MPA occurs for Φ smaller than those that have been used for optically pumped NH3/N2 lasers; consequently a simple two-level absorption model will not adequately describe laser action in these systems. The photon energy deposited in NH3/N2 mixtures can be calculated from the MPA cross-section and the fluence dependence of the illumination geometry. An examination of the efficiency of conversion of this absorbed energy to the reported radiant energy of optically pumped NH3/N2 lasers shows an optimum value which depends on pressure, and gas composition.
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    A cw uv copper hollow cathode laser in the 260 nm region (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 127-135 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract A cw uv copper hollow cathode laser is described, which could be operated for a longer time duration with an output power of 7 mW in the 260 nm region. A double-cathode configuration with a protection for the mirrors from metal-vapour deposition is presented. Characteristics of the laser output power, the spontaneous emission, and the ion densities in the negative glow were measured as depending on the discharge current, the neon gas pressure, and the size of the cathode slit. The observed saturation of the laser output power at high discharge current (1 A/cm2) and the optimum slot size are discussed.
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  • 35
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    Xe2Cl fluorescence and absorption in self-sustained discharge XeCl lasers (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 167-172 
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    Notes: Abstract Fluorescence at 490 nm from the triatomic excimer Xe2Cl* has been investigated to determine the 308 nm absorption due to this species in an x-ray preionized, self-sustained gas discharge XeCl laser. The dependence of Xe2Cl* density on laser intensity (at 308 nm), buffer gas and Xe and HCl partial pressures has been determined for discharges with a peak electrical power deposition of 2.5 GWl−1. Xe2Cl* absorption is estimated to reach 0.6% cm−1 under non-lasing conditions but decreases to a non-saturable 0.2% cm−1 for intracavity laser intensity〉1 MW cm−2. XeCl* and Xe2Cl* fluorescence intensities were found to be a similar for both helium and neon buffer gases but laser output was a factor of two greater with a neon buffer.
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    Experimental method for the measurement of hyperfine transition saturation intensities in a gaseous medium (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 135-140 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 35 ; 42.55 ; 42.80
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A saturated absorption technique, using an actively stabilized cw dye laser has been developed to measure the saturation intensities of hyperfine transitions in a gaseous medium. Hyperfine lines belonging to theB-X system of molecular iodine have been investigated. The experimental method proposed, provides a means for measurement of the absolute value of the saturation parameter of the transition with an accuracy better than 10%. The behavior of the saturation intensity of some transitions with iodine pressure has been investigated in the range 30 m Torr→90mTorr.
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    Effect of laser dye deterioration on performance (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 171-174 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 82.50
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A previous analysis that described loss of gain in a dye solution as a result of photochemical decomposition by pump photons is refined and is extended to the situation where impurities absorb at the pump wavelength. A limitation in the first paper is that it described only a single absorption depth in the medium at a constant pump fluxI p. The present examination includes the fall-off ofI p and integrates the total signal output with depth for a single-pass amplifier operated in the fully saturated gain condition. The equations are simpler, but as before loss of output, expressed in terms of a quantum yield of laser decayQ L, is minimized for a photochemically bleachable dye, and for one with high gain. Pumping in the vicinity of the absorption maximum is also advantageous.
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  • 38
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    Periodic pulse solutions of a laser consisting of a pair of amplifiers mode locked by a fast saturable absorber (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 213-218 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60 ; 42.65
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present periodic solutions, which are described in terms of Jacobian elliptic functions, for the steady state pulses from a laser system consisting of a pair of amplifiers of unequal relaxation time mode locked by a “fast” saturable absorber. The pulsewidth and the average power in the pulse are expressed interms of the system parameters through two different approaches, where detailed plots are given for one of the approaches. Summary of the characters to be possessed by the amplifier pair to ensure the reliable production of shortest possible pulses is given.
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    Application of pressure-tuned diode lasers to high-resolution spectroscopy (1980)
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    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 241-243 
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    Keywords: 07.65 ; 42.55 ; 42.80
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The application of the high-pressure chamber with a pressure transmitting medium (liquid at room temperature) to diode-laser tuning was found to be a useful method for high-resolution spectroscopy. Ammonia absorbtion spectra in the 10 μm region were recorded with a resolution approaching the Doppler limit.
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  • 40
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    Modelling of a solar-pumped MHD excimer laser (1980)
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    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 277-281 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 52
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    Notes: Abstract An analytical model is applied to the concept of a solar-pumped MHD laser utilizing the CsXe excimer and Cs2 dimerA-X laser transitions. The model predicts practical gain coefficients on the excimer band for supersonic flow of a 2000 K, 20 atmosphere cesium-xenon plasma across a ∼10 kG magnetic field.
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  • 41
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    On the homogeneization of transverse gas discharges by preionization (1981)
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    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 267-272 
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    Keywords: 52 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract Detailed data of the minimum preionization electron density (MPED)n 0 necessary to initiate a homogeneous discharge mode in transverse gas discharges are computed. An upper limit for the inductance of the discharge circuit is set by the power balance during breakdown. The results are presented as functions of generalized parameters. Applicability of the computations is proved by experimental observations.
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  • 42
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    Measurement of atomic parameters for the3 D 1 state of I–II (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 25 (1981), S. 31-34 
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    Keywords: 35 ; 42.55 ; 42.65
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The decay rates of the3 D 1 level of I–II and the 3s 2 level of neon have been measured by the magnetic-field power dip method. The decay rate at the zero-pressure limit is found to be 7.1 MHz/2π for the3 D 1 level. The collision cross-section for excited I ions with helium atoms equals 0.19×10−15 cm2.
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    Optimization of the UV CuII laser (1981)
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    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 49-56 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 52.80
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    Notes: Abstract The cw output power of the uv CuII laser has been optimized with respect to the hollow cathode geometry, the discharge current, the fill gas pressure and the resonator mirror parameters. A maximum laser output power of 900 mW for multiline operation at 248.6, 259.1, 260.0, and 270.3 nm was achieved with 100 A discharge current, 260 V voltage and 16 mbar fillgas pressure, when a hollow cathode of 1.2 m length and 2×6 mm2 cross section was employed. The single-pass pain gl has been estimated to 7%. A hollow cathode cross section of 1.5×4.5 mm2 is suggested as an optimum geometry. In addition, some investigations on the mechanism of the laser power decay in Ne−Cu-discharges are presented.
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    Theory of passive mode-locking of CW dye lasers with contacted and non-contacted absorbers (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 197-202 
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    Notes: Abstract A theoretical treatment of the influence of a saturable absorber in close contact with a highly reflecting mirror on a light pulse is given. The shaping of a Gaussian pulse during a single passage through such an absorber is calculated for various absorber lengths. The influence of absorber position and length on the pulse parameters and the stability of a continuously pumped dye laser are investigated. The shortest pulses and the most favourable operation conditions of the laser are to be expected in the case of a short contacted saturable absorber.
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    Michelson mode selectors and spatial hole burning in single-mode cw dye lasers (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 133-140 
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    Notes: Abstract Single-mode selection with Michelson selectors in cw standing-wave dye lasers is analyzed. The application of single and double Michelson mode selectors for compensation of spatial hole burning effects is described in detail. Upper limits for the pumping are considered. It is shown that with spatial hole burning compensation, even the single Michelson selector provides sufficient selectivity for high power single-mode operation in linear cavities.
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    Design criteria and operating characteristics of a single-mode pulsed dye laser (1981)
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    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 141-146 
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    Notes: Abstract We have designed and tested a pulsed single-mode dye laser for spectroscopy experiments. The dye laser is pumped by a 6 kHz copper vapor laser to produce up to 230 mW average power at over 5% efficiency in a nearly diffraction limited beam. The dye laser pulse closely resembles the 30 ns pump pulse. Using an electronic servo loop, the 60 MHz wide line can be scanned, without mode hopping, through the 16 GHz permitted by the travel on the piezo driven mirror mount.
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    Theory of the synchronously pumped picosecond dye laser (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 27-37 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract The circulation of a synchronously mode locked dye laser pulse in a linear cavity configuration containing a dye cell as an active medium and a bandwidth-limiting element is treated. The condition that the pulse shape reproduces after each cavity round-trip provides a nonlinear integro-differential equation for the steady-state pulse shape. For the solution of this equation an approximate method, not limited to small pulse energies, is given and the pulse duration, intensity, energy, asymmetry of the pulse shape, stable regions and other interesting parameters are discussed.
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    The He/Cl2 laser at 258 nm (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 49-55 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 34 ; 33
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    Notes: Abstract Lasing from e-beam pumped He/Cl2 mixtures at 258 nm was investigated in a longitudinal pumping geometry. Time dependence, output powers and energies as well as the spectral composition of the laser pulses were determined for different experimental conditions. Optical gain was observed for eight transitions around 258 nm. The fine structure results from isotopic splitting and contributions from different vibrational states. No bottle-necking occurs. However, saturation and absorption by excited states limited the total output power to 6MW and the output energies to 200 mJ. A simple kinetic model is proposed that reproduces the larger number of experimental data quite sufficiently.
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    Theory of passively mode-locked cw dye lasers (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 105-113 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract The circulation of an ultrashort light pulse in a continuously pumped modelocked dye laser with a linear cavity configuration containing the active dye, the saturable absorber and a bandwidth-limiting elements is treated. The steady-state condition that the pulse shape reproduces after each cavity round-trip leads to a nonlinear integro-differential equation for this pulse shape. An approximate method for the solution of this equation not limited to the case of low laser gain and small pulse energies is given. The stable single pulse region and characteristic pulse parameters, as energy, duration, intensity and asymmetry, are considered in dependence on the laser parameters.
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    Waveguide CW 118.6 μm H2O laser (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 123-128 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract This paper reports results of an experimental study of a cw 118.6 μm H2O waveguide laser. The laser cavity is a 3 cm inner diameter, 3.2 m long Pyrex tube, with plane reflectors against its ends, one of them being a copper mesh coupler. The active medium is a H2O:H2 gas mixture. Successive optimizations lead to a reliable output power of 50 mW, for the EH11 mode. The power density is the highest ever reported, and the stability is such that the power drifts by less than 2% per hour. This laser is competitive with the optically pumped 118.8 μm CH3OH laser.
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    A new method of measuring ultra-short coherent light pulses (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 177-181 
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    Notes: Abstract A new method of pulse width measurement based on the total energy response of an etalon is presented. The theory is developed and results for several pulse shapes are given. The method is unique because no fast response detector is required and there are practically no spectral region limitations.
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    Surface spectroscopy (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 229-232 
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    Keywords: 82.65 ; 68 ; 36.40 ; 78 ; 42.55
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    New lasers II (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 233-239 
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    Keywords: 42.70 ; 42.55 ; 42.80
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    Theory II (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 255-261 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 36.20 ; 36.10 ; 02 ; 36 ; 42.80
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    Guided waves and IR lasers (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 283-289 
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    Keywords: 85.60 ; 42.80 ; 42.55 ; 33
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    Temporal analysis of a mode-locked Nd-glass laser by four-wave mixing (1982)
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    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 263-267 
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    Notes: Abstract The duration, shape, and background intensity level of pulses of a passively modelocked Nd-glass laser are determined by noncollinear phase-matched four-photon frequency mixing of time-separated fundamental and second-harmonic pulses in a KI crystal. The pulse shape is found to be slightly asymmetric with slower trailing than rising parts. The background intensity level before and behind the main pulse is about 5¢10−6 the peak pulse intensity.
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    Further study of continuous-wave CO flame chemical laser of the CS2/O2/N2O type (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 29-33 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract This report describes an experimental examination of the output characteristics of the continuous-wave (cw) carbon monoxide flame chemical laser (FCL) of the CS2/O2/N2O type in case of small CS2/O2 reactants ratios (tipically CS2/O2≦1/10). A linear burner which gives a homogeneous and stable flame was used during the experimental study. The measurements of temperature distribution in CS2/O2 as well as CS2/O2/N2O flames show maximum temperatures of 1040 and 890 K, respectively. The addition of nitrous oxide (N2O) leads to dramatically enhanced output laser power caused primarily by V−V transfer processes. A chemical efficiency, based on the reaction O+CS→CO*+S, of 3% was achieved. The spectral composition of the CO FCL of the CS2/O2/N2O type shows lasing in the region from 5.130 to 5.586 μm. Experimental results were obtained with a nondispersive optical cavity.
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    Group theory and experiments on helical and linear distributed feedback gas lasers (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 115-131 
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    Keywords: 02.20 ; 42.55 ; 42.60D
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    Notes: Abstract This study puts forward the concept of helical distributed feedback (DFB) lasers. The basic features of this new type of laser are derived by group theoretical considerations on cylindrical, circular linear periodic, and helical waveguide and laser structures. It is demonstrated that not only linear periodic structures but also helical structures show Bragg and DFB effects. Microwave and far-infrared experiments on passive helical metal waveguides reveal Bragg resonances in transmission. These results initiated the first experimental realization of a helical DFB gas laser, i.e. an optically pumped 496μm CH3F laser with a helical metal waveguide of a pitch close to 250μm. This helical DFB laser shows higher-mode selectivity than the corresponding linear DFB laser. Finally, we show that the concept of helical DFB also applies to dye lasers with internal DFB incorporated by a mixture of the dye with a cholesteric liquid crystal.
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    A subpicosecond dye laser pumped by a xenon ion laser (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 191-192 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract A pulsed xenon ion laser has been used to pump a rhodamine 6G dye laser utilizing a ring resonator. The dye laser has been passively mode-locked; a pulsewidth of 0.5 ps and a 50 kW peak power have been obtained.
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    Improved gain on the Cl2(D′3 П g −A′3 П u ) transition at 258 nm by halogen donor mixing (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 11-15 
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    Notes: Abstract The temporal development of the small-signal gain on the Cl2(D′−A′) transition at 258 nm has been investigated by means of an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) technique. For electron beam pumped He/Cl2 mixtures, the gain appears only at the end of the pumping pulse, whereas for He/Cl2/CCl4 mixtures the temporal gain profile coincides with the fluorescence pulse, and the maximum gain coefficient increases by about a factor of two. The observed effects are due to the mixing of both halogen donors and can be explained by considering the quenching of theD′-state by electrons.
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    Submillimetre laser lines from CH3OH pumped by a13C18O2 pump laser: Observations and assignments (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 17-21 
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    Notes: Abstract Twenty-four new optically pumped submillimetre laser lines have been observed when CH3OH is excited using a13C18O2 pump laser. Four of these lines have been assigned to transitions involving the CO stretching band. In addition to these lines, a further six new lines have been observed when pumping with12C18O2 and13C16O2 lasers. One of these lines has been assigned to a transition involving the CO stretching band. The observation of infrared-infrared double resonance signals in CH3OH has allowed the prediction of a further six laser lines which should be excited using a13C18O2 pump laser.
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    Pure MW Raman laser emission in superradiant mode in ammonia by pumping with 9P20 CO2 laser line (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 33-35 
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    Keywords: 33.80 Bx ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract In this work, clear FIR Raman emission in ammonia was observed when a 9P20 CO2 line was used as a pump. We have noted an intense pump depletion and strong superradiant FIR and MIR emissions. The time history of these radiations has also been recorded. The intense MIR radiation is a new line observed in the ammonia laser.
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    New cw fir laser emissions from CO2 laser-pumped vinyl bromide (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 175-177 
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    Notes: Abstract 47 new cw far-infrared laser lines with wavelenths between 453 and 2356 μm have been obtained by optically pumping vinyl bromide (C2H3Br) by a CO2 laser. A significant portion of these lines has wavelengths longer than 750 μm.
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    Coherent effects in inverse compton scattering in the high frequency region (1984)
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    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 221-228 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 41
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    Notes: Abstract The conditions under which a cooperative emission from different friges occurs in the scattering between a relativistic electron beam and two interfering laser beams are discussed. In particular, the conditions to have an electron grating are discussed.
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    Energy transfer in slab dye lasers (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 71-75 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.55 ; 42.72
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    Notes: Abstract A simple model of the energy transfer between a booster dye and the active dye in a flashlamp pumped planar waveguide dye laser is described. Analytical results are compared with experiments for several dyes in the 600–650 nm region. A twofold increase of laser output was found at a wavelength (630 nm) which is of particular interest for several applications.
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    Small-signal gain of Free Electron Laser in a resonator Gaussian mode (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 163-166 
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    Keywords: 42.50 ; 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract We present an analytical expression for the small-signal gain of a Free Electron Laser (FEL) in the presence of a Gaussian mode. To describe the electron beam evolution we use the one-dimensional (1-d) Vlasov equation. Our perturbation result, valid for small values of the parameterq (length of the undulatorL divided by the Rayleigh rangeZ R), can be extrapolated to values ofq≈4÷5.
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    A new blue-green XeF (C→A) excimer laser amplifier concept (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 227-231 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract The feasibility of using the electrically excited XeF(C»A) excimer medium as an efficient wideband amplifier in the blue-green region of the spectrum has been investigated. Calculations show that for an intense blue-green optical flux input the amplification characteristics of XeF(C»A) improve, as a result of both bleaching of the pump induced absorbers and by additional production of XeF(C) level population. The removal of one of the major absorbing species, Xe** in the XeF (C»A) laser mixture by means of a pulsed ruby laser probe beam has been demonstrated.
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    Excimers and excimer lasers (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 95-114 
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The development of excimers and excimer lasers are reviewed. The excimers of the noble gases (Xe 2 * , Kr 2 * , Ar 2 * ) and of the noble gas halides (e.g. KrF, XeCl) which, respectively, radiate in the vacuum ultra-violet and ultra-violet regions of the spectrum are described in terms of their structure, spectroscopy and formation kinetics and the methods of pumping, operational characteristics and applications of the lasers are discussed.
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    Wide-range line-tunable oscillation of an optically pumped NH3 laser (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 237-240 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60 ; 34.50
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Selective single-line oscillation has been obtained from an NH3 laser in the range from 11 to 13 μm. Pumping of high pressure NH3−He mixture with theR(30) line of a TEA-CO2 laser made it possible to tune on more than 30 lines with the aid of a grating. However, such line tunable oscillation was not observed when theR(16) line was used for pumping. Reasons for this difference are discussed.
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    Selective action on nucleic acids components by picosecond light pulses (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 391-395 
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    Keywords: 87 ; 42.55 ; 82.50
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    Notes: Abstract We report on first attempts for selective action on nucleic acid components, namely uracil and adenine, using picosecond light pulses. Selective action was achieved both in the case of irradiation of mixtures of bases and in the case of irradiation of mixtures of different nucleic acids components, which contain uracil and adenine.
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    Optimization of dye-laser output coupling by consideration of the spatial gain distribution (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 175-184 
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    Notes: Abstract The problem of output-coupling optimization of a transversely or longitudinally pumped dye laser is treated in terms of a rate equation approach under steady state considerations. The theoretical study considers the spatial variation of the gain distribution and such typical features of a dye laser as reabsorption, triplet effects and excited state absorption. Numerical results obtained with realistic values of typical laser parameters (cross-sections for stimulated emission and reabsorption, number density of active molecules etc.) indicate that a higher degree of output coupling and consequently higher output powers are feasible upon a complete consideration of the spatial gain distribution
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    Energy transfer in constant period free-electron lasers (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 219-225 
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    Notes: Abstract A simple single particle model of a free-electron laser (FEL) amplifier has been used in a computer simulation to determine the maximum fractional conversion of electron kinetic energy to laser energy. The simulation results can be represented by a single universal curve. A simple scaling relationship for the length of the optimized constant period helix together with the universal curve permit one to predict maximum fractional energy conversion for any set of values of initial electron energy, initial laser intensity, magnetic field amplitude, and magnet period.
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    New TEA-lasers based onD′→A′ transitions in halogen monofluoride compounds: ClF (284.4 nm), BrF (354.5 nm), IF (490.8 nm) (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 283-287 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80 ; 33
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    Notes: Abstract As an outcome of a systematic study of excitation kinetics and fluorescence spectra concerning theD′(3π2u )→A′(3π2g ) transitions in homonuclear diatomic halogens and corresponding transitions in interhalogen molecules [1], this paper describes, for the first time, TEA laser action in the three halogen monofluorides ClF, BrF, and IF. Output energies in the mJ range were demonstrated in a fast TEA discharge arrangement at the wavelengths of 284.4, 354.5, and 490.8 nm for ClF, BrF, and IF, respectively. The results suggest parameter scalability and wavelength tunability.
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    An analysis of stimulated longitudinal electrostatic bremsstrahlung in a free-electron laser structure (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 295-298 
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    Keywords: 41 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract An analysis of stimulated emission of radiation by an electron beam passing through a periodic longitudinal electrostatic field is presented, and its use in a free-electron laser structure is discussed. The analysis is based on a coupled-mode calculation of the interaction between a waveguided electromagnetic mode and an electron-beam plasma with finite cross section. The dispersion equation derived applies to the collective as well as the single electron regime.
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    Investigation of the spatial coherence of a laser beam by a laser-induced grating method (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 299-302 
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    Keywords: 42.30 ; 42.55 ; 42.65
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The spatial coherence function |Γ(s)| of ruby laser pulses has been measured by self-diffraction at a laser-induced grating depending on the distances between two points in the beam profile. The spatial coherence of the laser beam was changed by operating the laser in the fundamental transverse mode, in a transverse multimode and by applying different pump powers. The degree of spatial coherence was experimentally found to be a Gaussian, as described by the Collett-Wolf model. The new method for measuring the spatial coherence function |Γ(s)| is described and possible improvements are discussed.
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    New cw optically pumped FIR emissions in HCOOH, D2CO and CD3Br (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 345-348 
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    Keywords: 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract New FIR emissions lines have been observed for HCOOH, D2CO and CD3Br. Assignments have been made of the HCOOH lines and for most of those of CD3Br. For D2CO, most of the new emissions showed a corresponding cascade transition.
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    Two-wavelength dye-laser operation using a reflecting Fizeau interferometer (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 7-9 
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    Notes: Abstract Newly found reflection properties of the Fizeau wedge interferometer are shown to be of particular advantage in obtaining efficient multi-wavelength operation of dye lasers. Use is made of the fact that the reflecting Fizeau wedge can ensure at once a selective feedback for a given wavelength and quasi-total reflection in an other direction for all other wavelengths. Fully independent tuning of two 0.02 nm lines is obtained with short pulse (2 ns) N2-laser pumping using a single Fizeau wedge.
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    Theoretical and experimental investigations of a passively mode-locked Nd: Glass laser (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 341-348 
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    Notes: Abstract The presented theoretical model for a mode-locked Nd-glass laser simultaneously takes into account dynamics of the mode-locking dye, amplification saturation and radiation background. A systematic variation of laser parameters gives insight into the pulse formation process and allows to improve the laser design. The calculations show that it should be possible to decrease considerably the duration of light pulses of a mode-locked Nd-glass laser. Using a new mode-locking dye with a switching time of τ=2.7×10−12 s we obtained stable laser operation and a pulse duration of 1.7×10−12s.
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    Long wavelength operation of a CW CO-laser up to 8.18 μm (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 73-76 
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    Keywords: 07 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract A liquid nitrogen cooled cw CO-Laser is described, with which laser action up to 8.18 μm (v=36→35) has been achieved.
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    A magnetically stabilized coaxial laser discharge (1981)
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    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 161-167 
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    Keywords: 52.80 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract A new magnetic discharge stabilization technique for coaxial laser systems is described. The approach utilizes crosses electric and magnetic fields to create and maintain a large and rapidly rotating plasma volume which does not experience glow-to-arc transitions. Very high cw specific discharge power loadings have been achieved even without the benefit of external gas cooling or circulation. Performance is insensitive to gas composition and pressure such that high power coaxial discharges have been run in CO2 laser gas mixtures up to several hundred torr. Stable cw discharges have also been obtained in mixtures containing several torr of SF6. The technique appears to be readily scalable to give very large excited volumes in systems with comparatively small overall physical dimensions.
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    On a free-electron-laser in a uniform magnetic field. A solution for arbitrarily strong electromagnetic radiation fields (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 15-18 
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    Keywords: 41 ; 42.55 ; 95
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    Notes: Abstract Exact expressions are derived for the gain of a free-electron laser based on a uniform longitudinal magnetic field configuration operating in the single-particle, low-gain regime. The gain is calculated for different parameters of the system. For strong enough a field, the gain decreases with an increase of the amplitude, becoming negative when passing a threshold value, which depends on the system parameters. Implications regarding the saturation of the lasing process are discussed.
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    Stepwise photoionization of complex organic molecules in the gas phase induced by UV laser radiation (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 57-61 
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    Keywords: 33 ; 82.50 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract We measured the photoionization cross-sections of anthracene, 1,2-benzanthracene,p-terphenyl, and 2,5-diphenylfuran molecules excited to the singlet and triplet electronic states intermediate in the stepwise two-photon ionization process at 266 nm (all compounds) and at 355, 391 and 417 nm (anthracene).
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    Picosecond pulse transmission in germanium of various thicknesses (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 201-205 
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    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.55 ; 78.20
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    Notes: Abstract The transmission of ultrashort pulses from a mode-locked Nd: glass laser in germanium of various thicknesses (3 to 8 μm) has been measured as a function of incident irradiance. Transmission is seen to increase with irradiance level in all samples. The degree of enhancement is greater for the thcker samples. At high excitation levels, thinner samples show a peaking of transmission, which does not occur in a thick sample. Taking the sample as composed of thin elements, the parameters characterizing the photoexcited electron-hole plasma have been found by assuming homogeneous excitation within each element. Theoretical curves thus obtained give good quantitative account of the experimental results. Peaking of transmission is seen to due to a balance between absorption enhancement in the front portion of the sample and absorption reduction in the back.
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    Optically pumped14NH3 laser and its stark tuning at 10.78 μm (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 55-62 
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    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract Infrared (ir) emissions from a TEA-CO2-laser-pumped NH3 laser are reported. Superfluorescent emissions and selective single-line oscillations have been obtained in the range from 11 to 13 μm. The results make possible the design of a NH3 Stark cell allowing a 1 GHz shift of the 10.78 μm NH3 emission line.
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    Applications of ps-pulses (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 246-254 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.65 ; 34 ; 42.55 ; 42.70 ; 78
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    Laser fusion (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 269-273 
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    Keywords: 52 ; 42.55 ; 42.80 ; 51
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    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697855
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    Free electron laser (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 150-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697840
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  • 88
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    Origin of laser-output noise of cataphoretic HeSe+ lasers (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 373-381 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigated noise and fluctuations of the output power of cataphoretic HeSe+ lasers in positive column plasma. Direct coupling of laser output power noise and fluctuations of the local population inversion was found. An investigation of the positive column plasma showed moving striations being responsible for the gain fluctuations. Whereas the local plasma properties are dominated by high frequency striations in the 100 kHz range, integrated quantities such as laser gain per pass are most strongly influenced by low-frequency waves with a continuous noise spectrum below 200 kHz. External modulation of the discharge voltage or current at a frequency near thehf striations reduces laser noise and increases laser output power.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686369
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  • 89
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    Lifetime, photostability, and chemical structure of IR heptamethine cyanine dyes absorbing beyond 1 μm (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 15-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Optical absorption,S 1 lifetime, and photostability are investigated for a series of heptamethine ir dyes and related to chemical structure. The high photostability of several dyes and the large range ofS 1 lifetimes make these dyes very interesting for ir dye lasers and for ir mode-locked laser systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694363
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  • 90
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    Strong far-infrared laser action in carbonyl fluoride and vinyl fluoride (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 13-14 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Intense far-infrared laser action is reported for carbonyl fluoride and vinyl fluoride. Eleven new lines with wavelengths between 339 μm≦λ≦538 μm were obtained by optically pumping carbonyl fluoride with numerous lines of the 10.4 μm band of a cw CO2 laser. Twenty-three lines with wavelengths in the range 172 μm≦λ≦783 μm were detected when pumping the recently discovered efficient FIR laser molecule vinyl fluoride. In addition, three very weak new lines were found using 1.1-difluoroethylen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694362
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  • 91
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    Ultra-violet excited laser emission in Na2 (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 195-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 35
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laser emission at different wavelengths in the range of 903–914 nm and around 2.5 μm has been observed upon excitation of Na2 by uv radiation from an excimer laser at 351 nm and an excimer pumped dye laser in this wavelength range. The emission is attributed to a cascade emission $$C^1 \Pi _u \to 2^1 \sum _g^ + $$ followed by $$2^1 \sum _g^ + \to A^1 \sum _u^ + $$ . In addition, coupled with the laser emission around 910 nm, broad-band fluorescence peaking around 855.5 nm is observed which, eventually, may be the first observation of the $$b^3 \sum _g^ + \to x^3 \sum _u^ + $$ bound-free transition in Na2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688667
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  • 92
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    New lasers and laser schemes (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 143-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Conclusion We have demonstrated the existence of an anomalous polarization coupling mechanism present in the injection locked TEA CO2 laser. As a direct consequence of this work, a new injection technique has been formulated which permits efficient injection coupling and maximises energy extraction whilst eliminating the detrimental optical feedback effects to which other injection locking systems are prone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688654
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  • 93
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    Theory of synchronously pumped dye lasers (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 135-142 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An analysis of cw synchronously pumped dye lasers is presented. Under the assumption that the cavity (tuning element) bandwidth is much wider than the bandwidth of the transform limited pulses generated, the pulse forming dynamics is rigorously treated. It is shown that for a finite mismatch between the lengths of the dye and the pump lasers, a steady-state pulse develops in the dye laser cavity with a conserved pulseshape. The characteristics (energy, shape, peak power, duration) of these pulses of ultimate width are quantitatively determined as a function of cavity mismatch. An analytical solution for the pulse envelope is determined, which yieldsI(t)∝Sech2(t/t p ) to a good approximation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695468
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  • 94
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    Repetitive passive Q-switching and bistability in lasers with saturable absorbers (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 57-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report detailed experimental data on the passive Q-switching operation in a CO2 laser with CH3I saturable absorber, and on the transient behaviour in the near-Q-switching situation. Under suitable operating conditions, we found bistability in the output power. In some cases, we observed the simultaneous presence of bistability and passive Q-switching. The theoretical part of the paper starts from the four-level model of laser with saturable absorber, as formulated by other authors. By adiabatically eliminating the variables of the resonant levels, we reduce the problem to a set of three differential equations, from which we derive explicit analytical conditions for the rise of passive Q-switching. These conditions turn out to be in good qualitative and partially quantitative agreement with our experimental findings as well as with other experimental data previously obtained by other authors. Finally we classify the possible combinations of passive Q-switching and bistability that one can find in this type of experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688479
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  • 95
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    FIR NH3 cascade laser excited by a Q-switch laser (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 5-8 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Short FIR laser pulses of high repetition rate are obtained by pumping NH3 with the pulses of a passively Q-switched IR laser. The two cascade laser transitions observed show coupled relaxation oscillations. The pulse shapes and delay times are qualitatively in agreement with a four-level rate-equation model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693899
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  • 96
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    cw far-infrared lasing in15NH3, stark resonantly pumped by a CO2 or N2O laser (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 79-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract 48 new resonant pumping schemes, by ir Stark tuning, have been performed on15NH3, with cw CO2 and N2O lasers. Among the 25 different fir wavelengths obtained, 15 correspond to new emissions, raising thus to 45 the total number of cw fir emissions from this gas, in the presence of electric field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688547
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  • 97
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    Intense laser generation from an atomic-fluorine laser (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 235-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An intensive generation of radiation from a discharge-pumped atomic-fluorine gas laser is reported. A peak power exceeding 330 kW and a total energy of more than 2 mJ is obtained for a number of lines in the red, using a NF3∶He (1∶100) gas mixture at total pressure of 500 Torr. The circuitry optimization is described and the conditions for effective operation of the atomic-fluorine laser are discussed. The temporal and the spectral characteristics of the laser emission are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697333
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  • 98
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    The effect of triplet quenchers on vapor-phase dye-laser performance (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 83-86 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33.50 ; 34.50 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An XeF pumped vapor phase POPOP dye laser with a pulse duration of 300 ns was obtained when trans-stilbene was used as triplet quencher. An energy conversion efficiency of 7,5% with a peak power efficiency of 12% was measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697952
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  • 99
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    Optical klystron experiments for the ACO storage ring Free Electron Laser (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 207-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract To improve the gain in the Orsay storage ring Free Electron Laser (FEL) experiment, the 17 period permanent magnet undulator has been modified to form an optical klystron (OK). We report the measurement of spontaneous emission and the effects on it of energy spread and angular spread. Gain and laser induced bunch lengthening measurements with the OK are also reported and are in very good agreement with the FEL classical theory. The spontaneous emission spectrum which is easy to measure with good signal to noise ratio, turns out to be a very good diagnostic tool forenergy spread and angular spread measurements on storage rings. The factor of four increase in the small gain obtained by converting the undulator NOEL into an OK was the critical factor in the recent operation of the ACO storage ring laser above threshold.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697637
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  • 100
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    The vibrational relaxation time constant for theB v=0 level of XeCl (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 193-198 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 33 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The vibrational relaxation time constant for theB v=0 vibrational level of XeCl* has been investigated by observing the coupling between theB v=1 andB v=0 vibrational levels under saturated lasing conditions. Based on this observation, estimates of the expected extraction efficiency from theB-state have been made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688287
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