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  • Data  (7)
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  • 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP  (7)
  • 1995-1999  (7)
  • 1955-1959
Collection
  • Data  (7)
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  • 1995-1999  (7)
  • 1955-1959
Year
  • 1
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    Unknown
    Geochemical compositions of minerals from chilled dike margins of ODP Hole 140-504B (1995)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: McNeill, Andrew W (1995): Petrology of chilled dike margins recovered from Hole 504B, Leg 140. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 35-42, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.009.1995
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Mineral and whole-rock geochemical data are presented for chilled dike margins from the lower sheeted dike complex of Deep Sea Drilling Project/Ocean Drilling Program (DSDP/ODP) Hole 504B. Compositions of phenocrystic plagioclase (An80-89); olivine (Fo82-86); clinopyroxene (Wo52En40Fs8, with Cr2O3 up to 1.2%); and rare chromian spinel (Cr# 43) are consistent with those from the lavas and the upper dike complex recovered previously (DSDP Legs 69, 70, 83, and ODP Leg 111). Major and trace element compositions fall in group D of Autio and Rhodes (1983) and have high CaO/Na2O, and low TiO2, K2O, and (La/Sm)N values consistent with previous analyses from this site.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 2
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    Geochemistry of clinopyroxene megacrysts, xenocrysts, and phenocrysts in diabase dikes from ODP Hole 140-504B (1995)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Dick, Henry J B; Johnson, Kevin T M (1995): REE and trace element composition of clinopyroxene megacrysts, xenocrysts, and phenocrysts in two diabase dikes from Leg 140, Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 121-130, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.003.1995
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We report the major, rare earth, and other trace element compositions of clinopyroxenes from two Leg 140, Hole 504B diabase dikes. These pyroxenes reflect a complex history of crystal growth and magma evolution. The large ranges of composition found reflect incorporation of exotic phenocrysts into the melt, the early formation of crystal clots before dike intrusion during an undercooling event, and in-situ fractionation of melt during and following dike emplacement. Some of the pyroxenes occur in coarse two- and three-phase glomerocrysts, which may be ôprotogabbrosö representing early stages of melt crystallization in the lower crust. Large variations in trace element composition are found. These likely reflect heterogeneous nucleation and growth of plagioclase and pyroxene in the melt, as well as complex interface kinetics that may affect partition coefficients during rapid crystal growth expected during undercooling. This can explain the formation of irregular chemical sector zoning in some equant anhedral phenocrysts. Undercooling of magmas in the lower crust most likely reflects input of fresh hot melt into a stagnating melt-storage zone. Dikes intruded upward from an inflated melt-storage zone during such a cycle are likely to be larger than those intruded from the storage zone between such cycles, when it would be deflated, consistent with the greater overall thickness of the phyric dikes in the Leg 140 section of Hole 504B.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 3
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    Geochemistry of sheeted dike complex minerals of ODP Hole 140-504B (1995)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Tartarotti, Paola; Allerton, Simon A; Laverne, Christine (1995): Vein formation mechanisms in the sheeted dike complex from Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 231-243, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.026.1995
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Diabases were recovered during Legs 137 and 140 at Hole 504B from depths between 1621.5 and 2000.4 meters below seafloor in the lower sheeted dike complex. The samples contain multiple generations of millimetric to centimetric veins. The orientation of the measured veins suggests that two main vein sets exist: one characterized by shallow dipping and the other by random trend. Thermal contraction during rock cooling is considered the main mechanism responsible for fracture formation. Vein infill is related to the circulation of hydrothermal fluids near the spreading axis. Some veins are surrounded by millimeter-sized alteration halos due to fluid percolation from the fractures through the host rock. Vein-filling minerals are essentially amphibole, chlorite, and zeolites. Amphibole composition is controlled by the microstructural site of the rock. Actinolite is the main amphibole occurring in the veins and also in the groundmass away from the halos. In the alteration halos, amphibole shows composition of actinolitic hornblende and Mg-hornblende. Late-stage tension gashes and interstitial spaces in some amphibole-bearing veins are filled with zeolites, suggesting that the veins likely suffered multiple opening stages that record the cooling history of the circulating fluids. Evidence of deformation recorded by the recovered samples seems to be restricted to veins that clearly represent elements of weakness of the rock. On the basis of vein geometry and microstructure we infer structural interpretations for the formation mechanism and for deformation of veins.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 4
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    Platinum group elements and geochemistry of altered oceanic crust of ODP Hole 140-504B (1995)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gorton, Michael P; Schandl, Eva S; Naldrett, AJ (1995): Platinum group element (PGE) concentrations in a sheeted dike complex and geochemical changes during alteration of the lowermost part of a 2-km-thick oceanic crust, Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 199-205, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.012.1995
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Primary chemical heterogeneity in the sheeted dike complex in Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 504B makes these rocks unsuitable for conventional mass balance calculations in determining element mobility associated with hydrothermal alteration. Due to the original heterogeneity and variable degrees of fractionation in the dikes, an appropriate reference sample on which calculations can be based is difficult to find. Therefore, the use of incompatible element ratios is developed to evaluate geochemical changes during alteration(s). For example, on a Zr/Yb-La/Yb plot, scatter along a straight line suggests tapping of a variably depleted mantle source and deviation from the line suggests element mobility (gain or loss). Using this method, our data indicates that the hydrothermal evolution of the sheeted dike complex was accompanied by significant loss of Cu, Zn, and Ti and some loss of La. The sheeted dike complex has low platinum group element (PGE) concentrations and steep PGE patterns, typical of mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) on the global scale. We propose that the unusual PGE patterns of MORBs cannot be entirely generated by a partial melting and sulfide segregation model; instead, these patterns in part must have been inherited from their mantle source. The Au data show no evidence for mobilization during hydrothermal alteration of the dikes.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 5
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    Chemistry of phyllosilicates of ODP Hole 140-504B (1995)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Schandl, Eva S; Gorton, Michael P (1995): Phyllosilicate alteration of olivine in the lower sheeted dike complex, Leg 140, Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 207-216, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.019.1995
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Replacement minerals in olivine record the evolution of hydrothermal alteration between 1600 and 2000 mbsf in the sheeted dike complex in Hole 504B. 1. Talc (+ magnetite) rim on olivine represents the earliest alteration. Talc probably crystallized during initial cooling of the dikes. 2. The partial breakdown of talc to "deweylite“, a chaotic mixture of serpentine and Al-free stevensite, was facilitated by further cooling and a somewhat increased fluid:rock interaction in the dikes. 3. The presence of chlorite veins and the replacement of unaltered olivine cores, talc, and deweylite and of other silicates by chlorite suggest fracturing of the rocks during cooling (shrinkage cracks) and local influx of seawater into the dikes. 4. Late amphibole veins and locally extensive amphibole alteration indicate increasing temperature and the development of new sets of fractures, possibly due to the injection of fresh magma. Several generations of chlorite and amphibole veins are present in the dikes. Offset veins and the crack-seal texture within veins in the dikes suggest that the alteration cycle was probably repeated with the injection of each set of new dikes. Presently measured temperatures (195°C) at 2000 m depth in Hole 504B indicate that deweylite, which was previously considered a low-temperature mineral, can form well above its previously estimated crystallization temperature of 50°C.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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  • 6
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    Mean grain size and structure of ODP Hole 140-504B samples (1995)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Agar, Susan M; Marton, Frederic C (1995): Microstructural controls on strain localization in ocean crust diabases: evidence from Hole 504B. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 219-229, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.025.1995
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Microstructural investigations of ocean crust samples provide a complementary approach to both marine surveys and laboratory experiments. The recovery of relatively undeformed diabases from Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP)/Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 504B provides a first opportunity to examine a reference section of microstructural features that influence strain localization at depths of 2 km in the ocean crust. Syn- and post-crystallization features in plagioclase and augite crystals have been examined by optical microscopy and secondary and backscattered electron imaging. These features show a strong influence of modal composition and primary textures on early sites of strain localization. Thermal cracking and subsequent alteration intensities and distribution are strongly phase dependent. A consistently higher intragranular fracture density is observed in augite crystals relative to plagioclase. The impact of alteration on the mechanical response of diabases is likely to depend on the primary textural characteristics. Even where extensive augite alteration occurs, the rock remains supported by a framework of weakly altered plagioclase crystals. The Hole 504B diabases from Leg 140 provide a valuable comparison for future studies of more deformed sections likely to be encountered at depth. Advances in constraining the detailed rheology of the ocean crust at spreading centers would benefit from experimental deformation of texturally diverse diabase and gabbro samples.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 7
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    Petrology and geochemistry of altered ocenaic crust of ODP Hole 140-504B (1995)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Fisk, Martin R; Johnson, Kevin T M; Alt, Jeffrey C (1995): Effect of assimilation of altered oceanic crust on magma chemistry: an experimental study. In: Erzinger, J; Becker, K; Dick, HJB; Stokking, LB (eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 137, 43-51, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.137140.006.1995
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Altered basalt dikes from Hole 504B were partially melted at 1150°C and 1180°C to determine the composition of the first melts as oceanic Layer 2C is assimilated by a magma chamber. The partial melts are chemically similar to actinolite, the most abundant secondary mineral, but the melts are not simply melted actinolite. High TiO2, P2O5, and K2O abundances of the melts indicate that minor secondary minerals that are enriched in these elements also contribute to the melt. The incorporation of partial melts into a ridge-crest magma chamber may explain the local variability that is sometimes found in ocean ridge basalts that are not readily explained fractional crystallization or partial melting.
    Keywords: 140-504B; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg140; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
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    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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