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  • Books
  • Articles  (14)
  • JEL classification: J61  (7)
  • childbirth  (7)
  • Sociology  (14)
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  • Books
  • Articles  (14)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A computable general equilibrium assessment of the impact of illegal immigration on the Greek economy (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 12 (1999), S. 155-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: Key words: Immigration ; Greece ; labour markets ; applied general equilibrium ; JEL classification: J61 ; D58 ; F22
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Recent years have witnessed a large inflow of illegal immigrants into Greece. Past surveys have examined the extent and nature of this immigration, but have not analysed the impacts on the economy. This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of the impact of illegal immigration on the economy of the small open type, like that of Greece. The theoretical analysis uses a small stylised model to show that there is no unequivocal case for illegal immigration to lead to declines in the real wages of unskilled labour and increases in the real wages of skilled. Empirical analysis using a recently constructed applied general equilibrium model for Greece, adapted to the purpose in hand, shows that the inflow of illegal immigrants has resulted in declines of the real disposable incomes of two classes of households among the fifteen modelled, namely those headed by an unskilled person, that are poor and middle income. All other households gain. The ones who lose, however, make up about 37% of the Greek population. The distributional effects are moderated, however, when rigidities in the labour market are simulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050095
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hunger and migration in a rural-traditional area in the nineteenth century (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 13 (2000), S. 465-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J61 ; N33 ; R23 ; Key words: Migration ; nineteenth century ; The Netherlands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. The factors that influenced migration decisions in a nineteenth century rural-traditional area of the Netherlands are assessed. This is done in a micro-setting. Applying a new data set with individual characteristics of both migrants and non-migrants a logit-model is estimated. The analysis supports the revisionist and relatively positive picture of the standard of living in pre-modern rural-traditional areas. Instead of hunger driving the masses away from these areas, it seems to have tied rationally acting people to a socio-economic system that contained buffer mechanisms to cope with short run stresses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050147
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Employment after childbearing and women's subsequent labour force participation: Evidence from the British 1958 birth cohort (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 9 (1996), S. 325-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: J 22 ; J 13 ; Maternity leave ; childbirth ; labor force participation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Data on women from the British 1958 Cohort Study is used as evidence on the determinants of their labour force participation at age 33. A conventional cross-sectional model of full or part-time employment makes use of some longitudinal material not normally included in such models. Whether the woman made the hitherto customary break from. employment at the time of the first maternity is included in recognition that this cohort was among the first generation to be offered Statutory Maternity Leave. Results suggest that the presence of children (still) inhibits full-time employment and raises the probability of part-time employment; that income effects on participation have continued to weaken while wage elasticity for full-time employment is high. Continuity of employment straight after childbearing raises the chances of subsequent full-time employment, but by no means guarantees it. Gains from maternity leave and other family friendly employment policies have been far from uniform.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176691
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The unemployment insurance compensation experience of immigrants in Canada, 1980–1988 (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 11 (1998), S. 127-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J61 ; J65 ; Key words: Unemployment insurance ; immigration policy in Canada
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper utilizes a new data set, compiled by Citizenship and Immigration Canada, Revenue Canada and Statistics Canada, to examine the unemployment experience of Canadian immigrant cohorts over the time period 1980 to 1988. Using the records of unemployment insurance benefits of persons who immigrated to Canada in those years and who filed income tax returns, the unemployment experiences of those people are compared by landing year, gender, level of education, language ability, and country of last permanent residence. The determinants of the proportion of each immigrant cohort that received unemployment insurance benefits are estimated by relating the proportions to landing year, duration of time in Canada, and labour market conditions. Briefly, we find no obvious influences on UI receipt behaviour following the immigration reforms of 1982. However, the recession of 1981–82 had a major impact on incomes which did not recover until 5 or 6 years later. Nevertheless, more generous UI benefits did raise slightly the likelihood of UI receipts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050060
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immigrant quality and assimilation: A review of the US literature (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 11 (1998), S. 239-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J61 ; J24 ; J31 ; Key words: US immigrant assimilation ; cohort quality ; consequences of immigration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Empirical research on US immigrants is reviewed: their productivity and assimilation; their contribution and use of public services; and their impact on native Americans. I discuss the characteristics of cohorts of immigrants that enter the United States at different times, and then quantify the assimilation of immigrants, typically in terms of economic productivity of immigrants compared with natives. Few have found quantifiable negative effects of immigrants on native wages or unemployment in local labor markets, but a more general equilibrium approach than has been empirically implemented may be needed to draw any conclusions regarding the distributional consequences of immigration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050067
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hebrew language usage: Determinants and effects on earnings among immigrants in Israel (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 11 (1998), S. 253-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J61 ; J24 ; J31 ; Key words: Immigrants ; language ; Israel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper uses the 1983 Census of Israel to analyze Hebrew speaking skills and the effects of Hebrew fluency on the earnings of adult male immigrants. Hebrew fluency increases with a longer duration in Israel, the presence of children in the household, marrying after immigration, living in an area in which a smaller proportion speak one‘s mother tongue, a younger age at migration, a higher level of schooling and varies by country of birth. Earnings increase monotonically with the use of Hebrew. Speaking English as a second language is associated with higher earnings, even when country of origin is held constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050068
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maternal employment in Scandinavia: A comparison of the after-birth employment activity of Norwegian and Swedish women (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 9 (1996), S. 267-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: J22 ; J13 ; Maternity leave ; childbirth ; labor force participation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract A striking characteristic of recent Western labour market trends is the rise in employment among mothers of very young children. So far, few studies have analysed the impact of public policies on employment rates of young mothers. In this study we address this issue by comparing two similar countries, Norway and Sweden, which have the same set of policies with slight variations, using data sets with similar designs. We analyse rates of re-entry into paid work after first birth for mothers in 1968–88 by means of hazard regression. One important finding is that the right to paid maternity leave with jobsecurity greatly speeds up the return to work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176688
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Women‘s labor force transitions in connection with childbirth: A panel data comparison between Germany, Sweden and Great Britain (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 9 (1996), S. 223-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: Key words: Labor force participation ; childbirth ; labor force transitions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we make use of the panel aspects of the German GSOEP, the Swedish HUS and the British BHPS data. In these data sets we known month and year of childbirth and the month to month labor force status of the mother also before giving birth. This permits analysis of labor force transitions triggered by child births of different birth orders. From macro data Swedish women are known to have the highest labor force participation. The difference in total labor force participation of women is totally a result of fewer mothers entering the labor force and entering later in Germany and Great Britain than in Sweden. This paper shows that before birth of first child there is no such difference. We find that German and British women have even higher full-time labor force participation than Swedish women 12 months before the birth of the first child. The difference is more pronounced for second and third births than for first births. We suggest that these differences are caused by different family policy regimes where Germany can be characterized as a breadwinner regime and Sweden a regime oriented towards equal role sharing of father and mother. Our results on determinants of being in the labor force both after and before the birth of a child as well as determinants of the tempo of entering the labor force after birth shows that women‘s own human capital is important both in Germany and Great Britain, whereas in Sweden also less educated women have entered the labor force by the time the child is 2 years old.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050016
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Do immigrants displace young native workers: The Austrian experience (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 12 (1999), S. 327-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J61 ; J15 ; J64 ; Key words: Immigration ; unemployment risk ; native workers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper studies the effect of increased immigration in Austria on the unemployment risk of young natives. Austria experienced a dramatic rise in the share of alien workers as a result of the breakdown of the former communist regimes (especially from former Yugoslavia). We concentrate on unemployment entry of young male workers, who are supposed to compete most heavily with new immigrants. Our results indicate that the detrimental impact – if it exists at all – is only minor. This is irrespective of the analyzed proxy for competition: The share of foreign workers in an industry or in a region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050102
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Barefoot and in a German kitchen: Federal parental leave and benefit policy and the return to work after childbirth in Germany (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 9 (1996), S. 247-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: Key words: Maternity leave ; childbirth ; labor force participation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Since 1979 German federal maternity leave and benefit policy has given women incentives to stay at home and take care of their newborn and youngest children. In 1986 this leave and benefit policy was changed in several ways, turning it into a powerful instrument for delaying mothers‘ return to work after childbirth. Using a flexible duration dependence estimation technique for proportional hazards due to Prentice and Gloeckler (1978) and applied to grouped durations by Meyer (1987, 1990), we estimate post childbirth return to work hazards for women during the federally protected leave protection period and immediately upon completion of this leave period. During the leave mothers are less likely to return to work the longer is the time left in the leave protection period; however, this result cannot be attributed generally to high levels of maternity benefits. When the leave protection period ends, mothers with strong labor force attachment who are still on leave return to their jobs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050017
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