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  • Books
  • Articles  (31)
  • J61  (9)
  • Key words: Fertility  (9)
  • J22  (8)
  • childbirth  (7)
  • Sociology  (31)
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  • Books
  • Articles  (31)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of reproductive behaviour in Canada: Results from an intertemporal optimizing model (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 12 (1999), S. 451-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: C24 ; C25 ; J13 ; Key words: Fertility ; count models ; generalized Poisson distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Results based on a sample of Canadian households challenge the findings of most studies which show significant negative effects of schooling on the fertility of women under the age of 45. This is due to the application of methods to an optimization model which distinguish between those households which have completed their reproductive behaviour from those which have not. Completion status and the desired number of children are used to infer characteristics of the optimal programme which are then employed to derive a likelihood function. Traditional demographic methods have so far not fully utilized the distinction between incomplete and completed households in sample surveys. These methods also lead to the conclusion that completed fertility had increased from its all time low in the nineteen seventies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050108
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The socioeconomic consequences of young women's childbearing: Reconciling disparate evidence (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 12 (1999), S. 547-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J13 ; Key words: Fertility ; siblings models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Recent studies have begun to examine rigorously the links between early childbearing and subsequent socioeconomic status. Prominent in this literature has been a set of analyses that have used sibling fixed effects models to control for omitted variables bias. These studies report that the siblings difference procedure leads to smaller estimates of the effects of teen fertility than does standard regression analysis. While it is well known that the siblings fixed effects procedure makes strong assumptions regarding the type of omitted variables and is not necessarily robust to alternative assumptions, the assumptions of the procedure have not been explicitly examined. This paper uses 1979–1992 data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to compare estimates of the income and education consequences of teenage and young adult fertility from standard regression and siblings fixed effects models with estimates from more general, alternative siblings models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050113
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How much did immigrant “quality” decline in late nineteenth century America? (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 13 (2000), S. 509-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: J15 ; J31 ; J61 ; N11 ; Key words: United States immigration history
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Early twentieth century observers argued that recent American immigrants were inferior, and in particular less skilled, than the old. I estimate wage equations for 1909 allowing for different effects by nationality and for different characteristics on arrival. I then apply the estimated wage differentials to the immigrant composition to measure the effect of changing composition on immigrant earnings. Finally I ask how immigrant earning power changed relative to that of native Americans. I conclude that immigrant “quality” in terms of earnings did decline due to shifting composition but these effects are very small compared with those reported in studies of the post-second World War period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050149
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time preference and labour migration in an OLG model with land and capital (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 9 (1996), S. 387-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: F22 ; J61 ; Migration ; overlapping generations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper constructs a two-country migration model in the lines of Galor (1986), in which the world population consists of individuals of two types who have different time preferences. Production uses three inputs: mobile labour, immobile capital and land. It is shown that both countries are necessarily inhabited by agents of both types and exhibit equal density of population and equal interest rate at the steady state equilibrium of the integrated economy. The steady state welfare implications of international labour migration are studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00573071
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of teenage fertility on young adult childbearing (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 9 (1996), S. 197-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: Key words: Fertility ; method of simulated moments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Numerous studies of fertility behavior find that an early age at first birth increases the rate of subsequent childbearing. Typically, however, these studies do not account for the possibility of serial correlation in the unobserved determinants of fertility. Using 1979–1992 individual-level data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, this paper employs the Method of Simulated Moments to estimate panel probit models of annual birth outcomes. The panel probit models account for several alternative sources of serial correlation. Estimation reveals that once serial correlation is taken into account, the subsequent fertility effects of early childbearing are either statistically eliminated or reversed. JEL classification: J13
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050014
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Women's transitions in the labour market: A competing risks analysis on German panel data (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 9 (1996), S. 287-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: J22 ; J13 ; Female labour supply ; part-time work ; duration analysis ; competing risks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper analyses the transitions between the three states of non-employment, part-time and full-time work of a sample of married women living in West Germany. The questions addressed concern the dynamics of women's labour market transitions and the association of the probability of transition with household and individual characteristics. A non-parametric duration analysis shows that women have a similar attachment to full-time and part-time work in terms of survival, and that survival in non-employment is shorter than in the other two states. Estimates of a parametric discrete-time competing risks duration model show that wives of retired husbands go into full-time work, children under 3 years have a disincentive effect on part-time work and that part-time work is a state that German women prefer to stay in and not a first step to full-time employment, whereas foreign women living in West Germany prefer full-time jobs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176689
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Employment after childbearing and women's subsequent labour force participation: Evidence from the British 1958 birth cohort (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 9 (1996), S. 325-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: J 22 ; J 13 ; Maternity leave ; childbirth ; labor force participation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Data on women from the British 1958 Cohort Study is used as evidence on the determinants of their labour force participation at age 33. A conventional cross-sectional model of full or part-time employment makes use of some longitudinal material not normally included in such models. Whether the woman made the hitherto customary break from. employment at the time of the first maternity is included in recognition that this cohort was among the first generation to be offered Statutory Maternity Leave. Results suggest that the presence of children (still) inhibits full-time employment and raises the probability of part-time employment; that income effects on participation have continued to weaken while wage elasticity for full-time employment is high. Continuity of employment straight after childbearing raises the chances of subsequent full-time employment, but by no means guarantees it. Gains from maternity leave and other family friendly employment policies have been far from uniform.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176691
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic microeconomic models of fertility choice: A survey (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 10 (1997), S. 23-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: Key words: Fertility ; dynamic micro models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. We review existing approaches to the specification and estimation of dynamic microeconomic models of fertility. Dynamic fertility models explain the evolution of fertility variates over the life-cycle as the solution to a dynamic programming model involving economic choices. Dynamic models may be classified into structural and reduced-form models. Structural models generally require solution of the underlying dynamic programming problem. Reduced-form models, while based on a structural specification, do not. Recent innovations in estimation methodologies make both types practical and realistic alternatives to static models of lifetime fertility. JEL classification: J13, C41, C61
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050030
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endogenous fertility in a model with non-dynastic parental altruism (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 10 (1997), S. 87-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: Key words: Fertility ; consumption ; bequest equilibrium ; altruism ; non-dynastic preferences.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. A model of fertility choice is studied in which the utility of parents depends on how much they consume, on how many children they have and on the consumption of their children. Hence, parents are altruistic towards their children, but in a more limited sense than in the much discussed dynastic fertility model presented by Becker and Barro (1988). The concept of a (subgame perfect) bequest equilibrium is used to solve the non-dynastic model considered here. The steady state birth rate is lower in the non-dynastic model than in the Becker-Barro model. However, the key qualitative predictions concerning the dynamic behavior of fertility are strikingly similar in both models. JEL classification: J13, J11, D90.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050032
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Running hard and falling behind: A welfare analysis of two-earner families (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of population economics 10 (1997), S. 237-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: JEL classification: D10 ; J22 ; C31 ; Key words: Family utility ; welfare ; joint labor supply
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper investigates the commonly asserted proposition that long term economic changes have put the family in a financial bind. Structural parameters of a family utility model are obtained by estimating simultaneous labor supply functions for a two-earner household. We find evidence indicating that the average 1990‘s two-earner family would prefer to receive the 1980‘s real wage package (were it available) instead of the real wage package it actually faces. The degree to which the 1990‘s family is worse off (in terms of the changes in the real wage package) is roughly equivalent to an hour of leisure per week.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050041
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