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  • Articles  (8)
  • statistics  (7)
  • Chemistry
  • United States
  • Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrating nineteenth-century Canadian and American census data sets (1996)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 30 (1996), S. 381-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: comparative demographic history ; census ; data set integration ; ICAPUMS ; IPUMS ; coding schemes ; Canada ; United States
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract The comparative use of census data is a useful way to study social characteristics across national boundaries. However, truly comparative demographic history is not possible without fully integrating separate census data, uniting multiple data files with a common set of comparably coded variables. This paper describes the integration of the 1871 Canadian census public use sample with similar samples of the 1850 and 1880 American censuses to form the Integrated Canadian-American Public Use Microdata Series (ICAPUMS). These data sets lent themselves well to integration because of their strong similarities in sampling design, data collection and data organization. Consistency in the availability and treatment of variables also eased integration of the samples, although the harmonization of occupation variables presented significant challenges. The ICAPUMS features a general household relationship variable which allows us to examine household structure across the two countries and three years. The paper concludes by proposing some general principles of census data set integration. This integrated data set is now available to researchers on the website of the University of Minnesota Historical Census Projects (www.hist.umn.edu/~ipums).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00054021
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The State of Authorship Attribution Studies: Some Problems and Solutions (1997)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 31 (1997), S. 351-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: authorship attribution ; statistics ; stylistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract The statement, ’’Results of most non-traditional authorship attribution studies are not universally accepted as definitive,'' is explicated. A variety of problems in these studies are listed and discussed: studies governed by expediency; a lack of competent research; flawed statistical techniques; corrupted primary data; lack of expertise in allied fields; a dilettantish approach; inadequate treatment of errors. Various solutions are suggested: construct a correct and complete experimental design; educate the practitioners; study style in its totality; identify and educate the gatekeepers; develop a complete theoretical framework; form an association of practitioners.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1001018624850
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Where have all the key words gone? (1989)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 23 (1989), S. 285-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: key word ; model ; statistics ; stylometry ; vocabulary
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract A key word with regard to a sub-corpus is a word of which the frequency in that sub-corpus is significantly higher than expected under the hypothesis that its use and the variable “part of the corpus” are mutually independent. A study in literary statistics almost invariably includes a chapter devoted to key words. However, a strong attack has been recently launched upon the way stylometry has been modelling texts since the classical works of Herdan, Guiraud or Muller. In fact statistical modelling seems as valid in stylistics as in any other field of the humanities and social sciences. What is questionable is the fact that many studies in literary statistics are more satisfied with the easy identification of monsters, i.e. literary phenomena unexplained by wrong models, than with the laborious research of models fitting the textual data well. A short examination of the mentioned controversy and the quantitative analysis of an example provided by Laclos' novelLes Liaisons dangereuses endeavour to support this argument.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02176633
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    About the statistical analysis of co-occurrence (1992)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 26 (1992), S. 21-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: co-occurrence ; key words ; library science ; plus and minus words ; stylistics ; statistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract Various objections are raised against current practice in co-occurrence analysis. The use of Yule's coefficient Y is then advocated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00114885
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Literary texts and the state of the language: The role of the computer (1993)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 27 (1993), S. 341-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: dictionary ; changing language ; literary criticism ; PAT system ; OED ; computer research ; formalist deviation ; statistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract We should follow Mark Olsen's lead and think with maximum ambition of the role of the computer in supporting literary research of the highest order. Thus the computer enables us to answer one of the great questions of literary criticism: how does a given writer contribute to the changing language? We can now chart the influence of given writers by correlating their words and phrasing with computerized dictionaries so as to produce profiles and histories of the way words have entered the language.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01829384
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Progress in stylistics: Theory, statistics, computers (1991)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 25 (1991), S. 393-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: computational stylistics ; style ; stylistics ; statistics ; literary style
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract This paper attempts to assess the progress made in computational stylistics dyring the course of the past twenty-five years. First, we discuss some theoretical notions of style, and then we sketch certain trends that emerge from relevant articles appearing in a variety of publications including conference proceedings and academic journals (other than CHum). The conclusion is that progress has been mixed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00141189
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xtract: An overview (1992)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 26 (1992), S. 399-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: lexis ; collocations ; lexical collocations ; statistics ; Xtract ; language generation ; machine translation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract Lexical collocations have particular statistical distributions. We have developed a set of statistical techniques for retrieving and identifying collocations from large textual corpora. The techniques we developed are able to identify collocations of arbitrary length as well as flexible collocations. These techniques have been implemented in a lexicographic tool, Xtract, which is able to automatically acquire collocations with high retrieval performance. Xtract works in three stages. The first stage is based on a statistical technique for identifying word pairs involved in a syntactic relation. The words can appear in the text in any order and can be separated by an arbitrary number of other words. The second stage is based on a technique to extract n-word collocations (or n-grams) in a much simpler way than related methods. These collocations can involve closed class words such as particles and prepositions. A third stage is then applied to the output of stage one and applies parsing techniques to sentences involving a given word pair in order to identify the proper syntactic relation between the two words. A secondary effect of the third stage is to filter out a number of candidate collocations as irrelevant and thus produce higher quality output. In this paper we present an overview of Xtract and we describe several uses for Xtract and the knowledge it retrieves such as language generation and machine translation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00136983
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Babies, bathwater and the study of literature (1993)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 27 (1993), S. 375-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: novel ; theory ; narrative ; statistics ; Genett ; Sartre
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract Although many scholars in literature currently seem mainly interested in theory, the focus on literary texts is what defines literature studies. Computer technology and the statistical methods it fosters are applicable to both the theoretical and to the interpretative issues which scholars of literature habitually address. Genette's distinction between the homodiegetic and the autodiegetic perspective in first-person narrative can be confirmed statistically. Roquentin's loneliness inLa nausée can be shown to be a formal characteristic of the type of novel he narrates, thus validating his commentary on his society. The computer can be used to deal with standard literary questions in a principled fashion, and a new orientation of literature studies on a cultural history model, which Mark Olsen recommends, is not necessary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01829388
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