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  • Articles  (120)
  • heavy metals  (118)
  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (120)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and coassociations of selected metals in seals of the Antarctic
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 83 (1994), S. 341-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Keywords: Antarctica ; distribution ; heavy metals ; inter-metal correlation ; seals
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90156-2
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iron content and its relations to the sulphur and titanium contents of epiphytic and terricolous lichens and pine bark in Finland
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 84 (1994), S. 131-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Keywords: air pollution ; bioindicators ; element ratios ; geochemical relations ; heavy metals
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90095-7
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy metal concentrations in sediments from Manila Bay, Philippines and inflowing rivers
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 86 (1994), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Keywords: Manila Bay ; heavy metals ; historical trend of pollution ; marine sediment ; riverine sediment
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90009-4
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Risk Assessment for Consumers of Mourning Doves (1998)
    Springer
    Risk analysis 18 (1998), S. 563-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Keywords: Risk assessment ; mourning doves ; hunting ; radionuclides ; heavy metals ; lead shot ; cesium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Recreational and subsistence hunters and anglers consume a wide range of species, including birds, mammals, fish and shellfish, some of which represent significant exposure pathways for environmental toxic agents. This study focuses on the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Savannah River Site (SRS), a former nuclear weapons production facility in South Carolina. The potential risk of contaminant intake from consuming mourning doves (Zenaida macroura), the most popular United States game bird, was examined under various risk scenarios. For all of these scenarios we used the mean tissue concentration of six metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, selenium, chromium, manganese) and radiocesium, in doves collected on and near SRS. We also estimated risk to a child consuming doves that had the maximum contaminant level. We used the cancer slope factor for radiocesium, the Environmental Protection Agencies Uptake/Biokinetic model for lead, and published reference doses for the other metals. As a result of our risk assessments we recommend management of water levels in contaminated reservoirs so that lake bed sediments are not exposed to use by gamebirds and other terrestrial wildlife. Particularly, measures should be taken to insure that the hunting public does not have access to such a site. Our data also indicate that doves on popular hunting areas are exposed to excess lead, suggesting that banning lead shot for doves, as has been done for waterfowl, is desirable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:RIAN.0000005931.39844.35
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of bacteria with cadmium (1992)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 3 (1992), S. 161-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: bioremediation ; cadmium ; heavy metals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Cadmium pollution arises mainly from contamination of minerals used in agriculture and from industrial processes. The usual situation is of large volumes of soil and water that are contaminated with low — but significant — concentrations of cadmium. Therefore, detoxification of the polluted water and soil involves the concentration of the metal, or binding it in a way that makes it biologically inert. Cadmium is one of the more toxic metals, that is also carcinogenic and teratogenic. Its effects are short term, even acute (diseases like Itai-itai), or long term. The long term effects are intensified due to the fact that cadmium accumulates in the body. This paper describes a study involving several hundred cadmium-resistant bacterial isolates. These bacteria could be divided into three groups—the largest group consisted of bacteria resistant to cadmium by effluxing it from the cells. The bacteria of the other two groups were capable of binding cadmium or of detoxifying it. We concentrated on one strain that could bind cadmium very efficiently, depending on the bacterial biomass and on the pH. This strain could effectively remove cadmium from contaminated water and soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00129081
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An integrated algal sulphate reducing high rate ponding process for the treatment of acid mine drainage wastewaters (1998)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 9 (1998), S. 247-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: acid mine drainage ; algae ; heavy metals ; high rate algal ponds ; sulphate reducing bacteria ; waste stabilisation ponds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Acid mine drainage pollution may be associated with large water volume flows and exceptionally long periods of time over which the drainage may require treatment. While the use and role of sulphate reducing bacteria has been demonstrated in active treatment systems for acid mine drainage remediation, reactor size requirement and the cost and availability of the carbon and electron donor source are factors which constrain process development. Little attention has focussed on the use of waste stabilisation ponding processes for acid mine drainage treatment. Wastewater ponding is a mature technology for the treatment of large water volumes and its use as a basis for appropriate reactor design for acid mine drainage treatment is described including high rates of sulphate reduction and the precipitation of metal sulphides. Together with the co-disposal of organic wastes, algal biomass is generated as an independent carbon source for SRB production. Treatment of tannery effluent in a custom-designed high rate algal ponding process, and its use as a carbon source in the generation and precipitation of metal sulphides, has been demonstrated through piloting to the implementation of a full-scale process.The treatment of both mine drainage and zinc refinery wastewaters are reported. A complementary role for microalgal production in the generation of alkalinity and bioadsorptive removal of metals has been utilised and an Integrated 'Algal Sulphate Reducing Ponding Process for the Treatment of Acidic and Metal Wastewaters' (ASPAM) has been described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008352008353
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfur metabolism in higher plants: potential for phytoremediation (1998)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 9 (1998), S. 311-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: glucosinolates ; gypsum ; heavy metals ; phyto-extraction ; phytoremediation ; sulfate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sulfur is a major nutrient for all organisms. Plant species have a high biodiversity in uptake, metabolization and accumulation of sulfur so that there are potentials to use plants for phytoremediation of sulfur-enriched sites. A survey of soils enriched with sulfur either naturally or by human activities shows that a surplus of sulfur is mostly accompanied with a surplus of other chemical elements which may limit phytoremediation because these co-occurring elements are more toxic to plants than sulfur. In addition, the accumulation of the other elements makes the plant material (phyto-extraction) less suitable for the use as fodder and for human consumption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008250827209
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prospects for in vivo NMR methods in xenobiotic research in plants (1998)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 9 (1998), S. 411-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: agrochemicals ; heavy metals ; NMR imaging ; NMR spectroscopy ; subcellular compartmentation xenobiotic metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The application of non-invasive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods in xenobiotic research is reviewed in relation to: (i) the characterisation of the effects of xenobiotics on the metabolism of plants and plant cell suspensions; (ii) the direct detection of xenobiotics and their degradation products in vivo; and (iii) the spatial localisation of xenobiotics and their derivatives at the subcellular and tissue levels. Novel information has been generated by in vivo NMR studies of both agrochemicals and heavy metals, but a lack of generality in the methods makes it difficult to extrapolate from one successful application to the next. In vivo NMR spectroscopy is shown to be informative when a xenobiotic perturbs metabolic pathways that are accessible to the technique, and it is useful for probing the partitioning of paramagnetic metal ions between the cytoplasm and the vacuole. The successful application of 19F NMR to the analysis of plant tissue extracts also suggests that in vivo 19F NMR spectroscopy may have a role in biotransformation studies of fluorinated xenobiotics. In contrast NMR imaging techniques have been little used for xenobiotic research in plants, and while the method has been shown to be capable of monitoring the uptake and translocation of paramagnetic ions in plants, the potential use of high resolution 1H and 19F NMR imaging for mapping agrochemicals in tissues is still in its infancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008372107739
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy metal bioavailability in a soil affected by mineral sulphides contamination following the mine spillage at Aznalcóllar (Spain) (2003)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 14 (2003), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: bioremediation ; heavy metals ; metal availability ; organic matter ; pyrite ; sulphide oxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A field experiment, lasting 14 months, was carried out in order to assess the effect of organic amendment and lime addition on the bioavailability of heavy metals in contaminated soils. The experiment took place in a soil affected by acid, highly toxic pyritic waste from the Aznalcóllar mine (Seville, Spain) in April 1998. The following treatments were applied (3 plots per treatment): cow manure, a mature compost, lime (to plots having pH 〈 4), and control without amendment. During the study two crops of Brassica juncea were grown, with two additions of each organic amendment. Throughout the study, the evolution of soil pH, total and available (DTPA-extractable) heavy metals content (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Pb and Cd), electrical conductivity (EC), soluble sulphates and plant growth and heavy metal uptake were followed. The study indicates that: (1) soil acidification, due to the oxidation of metallic sulphides in the soil, increased heavy metal bioavailability; (2) liming succeeded in controlling the soil acidification; and (3) the organic materials generally promoted fixation of heavy metals in non-available soil fractions, with Cu bioavailability being particularly affected by the organic treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024288505979
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to air emissions (1984)
    Springer
    Environmental management 8 (1984), S. 309-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Animals ; Indicators ; Air pollution ; Ecosystem responses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract With existing and proposed air-quality regulations, ecological disasters resulting from air emissions such as those observed at Copperhill, Tennessee, and Sudbury, Ontario, are unlikely. Current air-quality standards, however, may not protect ecosystems from subacute and chronic exposure to air emissions. The encouragement of the use of coal for energy production and the development of the fossil-fuel industries, including oil shales, tar sands, and coal liquification, point to an increase and spread of fossil-fuel emissions and the potential to influence a number of natural ecosystems. This paper reviews the reported responses of ecosystems to air-borne pollutants and discusses the use of animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to these pollutants. Animal species and populations can act as important indicators of biotic and abiotic responses of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. These responses can indicate long-term trends in ecosystem health and productivity, chemical cycling, genetics, and regulation. For short-term trends, fish and wildlife also serve as monitors of changes in community structure, signaling food-web contamination, as well as providing a measure of ecosystem vitality. Information is presented to show not only the importance of animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to air-quality degradation, but also their value as air-pollution indices, that is, as air-quality-related values (AQRV), required in current air-pollution regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868030
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