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  • Articles  (129)
  • 65N30  (129)
  • Mathematics  (129)
  • 1
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    Springer
    Advances in computational mathematics 13 (2000), S. 167-198 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: 65N15 ; 65N30 ; 76D05
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Within the framework of finite element methods, the paper investigates a general approximation technique for the nonlinear convective term of the Navier–Stokes equations. The approach is based on an upwind method of finite volume type. It is proved that the discrete convective term satisfies a well‐known collection of sufficient conditions for convergence of the finite element solution.
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  • 2
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    Advances in computational mathematics 12 (2000), S. 261-272 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Mini element ; mixed finite element method ; Stokes problem ; 65N15 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We analyze a modified version of the Mini finite element (or the Mini* finite element) for the Stokes problem in ℝ2 or ℝ3. The cross‐grid element of order one in ℝ3 is also analyzed. The stability is verified with the aid of the macroelement technique introduced by Stenberg. Each of these methods converges with first order in h as the Mini element does. Numerical tests are given for the Mini* element in comparison with the Mini element when Ω is a unit square on ℝ2.
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  • 3
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    Advances in computational mathematics 11 (1999), S. 355-375 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: periodic quasi-wavelet ; integral equation ; multiscale ; 45G10 ; 65F10 ; 65J15 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In solving integral equations with a logarithmic kernel, we combine the Galerkin approximation with periodic quasi-wavelet (PQW) [4]. We develop an algorithm for solving the integral equations with only O(N log N) arithmetic operations, where N is the number of knots. We also prove that the Galerkin approximation has a polynomial rate of convergence.
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  • 4
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    Numerical algorithms 21 (1999), S. 119-146 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: iterative methods ; Generalized Minimum Residual (GMRES) method ; minimization condition ; Galerkin condition ; Lanczos-type methods ; 65F10 ; 65H10 ; 65N20 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For solving nonsymmetric linear systems, the well-known GMRES method is considered to be a stable method; however, the work per iteration increases as the number of iterations increases. We consider two new iterative methods GGMRES and MGMRES, which are a generalization and a modification of the GMRES method, respectively. Instead of using a minimization condition as in the derivation of GGMRES, we use a Galerkin condition to derive the MGMRES method. We also introduce another new iterative method, LAN/MGMRES, which is designed to combine the reliability of GMRES with the reduced work of a Lanczos-type method. A computer program has been written based on the use of the LAN/MGMRES algorithm for solving nonsymmetric linear systems arising from certain elliptic problems. Numerical tests are presented comparing this algorithm with some other commonly used iterative algorithms. These preliminary tests of the LAN/MGMRES algorithm show that it is comparable in terms of both the approximate number of iterations and the overall convergence behavior.
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  • 5
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    Numerical algorithms 22 (1999), S. 73-97 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: singular perturbation ; uniform convergence ; Shishkin mesh ; high order ; 65N12 ; 65N30 ; 65N06
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we construct and analyze two compact monotone finite difference methods to solve singularly perturbed problems of convection–diffusion type. They are defined as HODIE methods of order two and three, i.e., the coefficients are determined by imposing that the local error be null on a polynomial space. For arbitrary meshes, these methods are not adequate for singularly perturbed problems, but using a Shishkin mesh we can prove that the methods are uniformly convergent of order two and three except for a logarithmic factor. Numerical examples support the theoretical results.
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  • 6
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    Numerical algorithms 20 (1999), S. 117-137 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: Matlab program ; 68N15 ; 65N30 ; 65M60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A short Matlab implementation for P 1-x 1 finite elements on triangles and parallelograms is provided for the numerical solution of elliptic problems with mixed boundary conditions on unstructured grids. According to the shortness of the program and the given documentation, any adaptation from simple model examples to more complex problems can easily be performed. Numerical examples prove the flexibility of the Matlab tool.
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  • 7
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    Numerical algorithms 21 (1999), S. 387-392 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: multigrid methods ; domains of complicated shape ; 65N55 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that, with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, the condition number of finite element discretization matrices remains uniformly bounded independent of the size of the boundary elements provided that the size of the elements increases with their distance to the boundary. This fact allows the construction of simple multigrid methods of optimal complexity for domains of nearly arbitrary shape.
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  • 8
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    Numerical algorithms 21 (1999), S. 367-375 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: compatibility conditions ; finite element ; modified formulation ; Stokes-Maxwell ; three-field problem ; 65N30 ; CR: G1.8
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this work we present a modified mixed formulation for some three-field problems. Under a special hypothesis the modified formulation is such that: the verification of two (BB) conditions is avoided and one has to deal only with one, and the new problem has exactly the same solution as the old one.
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  • 9
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    Advances in computational mathematics 9 (1998), S. 311-335 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: symmetric variational problems ; additive Schwarz schemes ; multilevel methods ; sparse grids ; approximation spaces ; non-nested finite element spaces ; 65J10 ; 65N12 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In the present paper we develop a representation of a norm frequently used in the analysis of multilevel methods. This allows us to examine the convergence of additive Schwarz schemes also in the case of non-nested subspaces. We demonstrate the usefulness of the given norm representation by studying in detail the stability of sparse grid splittings due to Griebel and Oswald, which turns out to be a special case of our unified theory. Further applications concerning approximation spaces and non-nested finite element spaces are given.
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  • 10
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    Advances in computational mathematics 8 (1998), S. 97-110 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: numerical methods for PDEs ; finite element approximation ; parallel implementation ; shared‐memory architecture ; speedup ; load‐balance ; 65N30 ; 65Y05
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract An implementation of the p‐version of the finite element method for solving two‐dimensional linear elliptic problems on a shared‐memory parallel computer is analyzed. The idea is to partition the problem among the available processors and perform computations corresponding to different elements in parallel. The parallelization is based on a domain decomposition technique using the Lagrange multipliers. The numerical experiments carried out on the Sequent system indicate very high performance of the mixed finite element algorithm in terms of attained speedups.
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  • 11
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    Advances in computational mathematics 9 (1998), S. 145-171 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: periodic pseudodifferential equations ; multiwavelets ; splines with multiple knots ; generalized Galerkin–Petrov schemes ; boundary element methods ; error analysis ; stability ; Strang–Fix condition ; 65J10 ; 65N30 ; 65N35 ; 65R20 ; 47G30 ; 45P05 ; 41A25 ; 41A30 ; 41A15
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We develop a stability and convergence analysis of Galerkin–Petrov schemes based on a general setting of multiresolution generated by several refinable functions for the numerical solution of pseudodifferential equations on smooth closed curves. Particular realizations of such a multiresolution analysis are trial spaces generated by biorthogonal wavelets or by splines with multiple knots. The main result presents necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of the numerical method in terms of the principal symbol of the pseudodifferential operator and the Fourier transforms of the generating multiscaling functions as well as of the test functionals. Moreover, optimal convergence rates for the approximate solutions in a range of Sobolev spaces are established.
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  • 12
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    Advances in computational mathematics 8 (1998), S. 353-366 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: triangular finite elements ; Hermite interpolation ; Lagrange interpolation ; 65D05 ; 65D07 ; 65N30 ; 41A05 ; 41A15
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let Δ(1) be the uniform three direction mesh of the plane whose vertices are integer points of $$\mathbb{Z}^2 $$ .Let $$\Delta _C^{(1)} $$ (respectively $$\Delta _P^{(1)} $$ $$C^r (\mathbb{R}^2 )$$ of degree d=3r (respectively d=3r+1 ) for r odd (respectively even) on the triangulation $$\Delta _C^{(1)} $$ , and of degree d=2r (respectively d=2r+1) for r odd (respectively even) on the triangulation $$\Delta _P^{(1)} $$ . Using linear combinations of translates of these splines we obtain Lagrange interpolants whose corresponding order of approximation is optimal.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: advection dominated problem ; domain decomposition ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Two nonoverlapping domain decomposition algorithms are proposed for convection dominated convection–diffusion problems. In each subdomain, artificial boundary conditions are used on the inflow and outflow boundaries. If the flow is simple, each subdomain problem only needs to be solved once. If there are closed streamlines, an iterative algorithm is needed and the convergence is proved. Analysis and numerical tests reveal that the methods are advantageous when the diffusion parameter ɛ is small. In such cases, the error introduced by the domain decomposition methods is negligible in comparison with the error in the singular layers, and it allows easy and efficient grid refinement in the singular layers.
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  • 14
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    Advances in computational mathematics 7 (1997), S. 235-259 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: numerical analysis ; nonlinear ; elliptic equations ; finite element ; error estimates ; 35K55 ; 65N15 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this article a strategy of adaptive finite element for semi-linear problems, based on minimizing a residual-type estimator, is reported. We get an a posteriori error estimate which is asymptotically exact when the mesh size h tends to zero. By considering a model problem, the quality of this estimator is checked. It is numerically shown that without constraint on the mesh size h, the efficiency of the a posteriori error estimate can fail dramatically. This phenomenon is analysed and an algorithm which equidistributes the local estimators under the constraint h ⩽ h max is proposed. This algorithm allows to improve the computed solution for semi-linear convection–diffusion problems, and can be used for stabilizing the Lagrange finite element method for linear convection–diffusion problems.
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  • 15
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    Advances in computational mathematics 7 (1997), S. 303-335 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: conservation law ; unstructured grid ; finite volume method ; adaptive mesh refinement ; 35L60 ; 35L65 ; 35L67 ; 65C20 ; 65M12 ; 65M60 ; 65N30 ; 76N15
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Many approaches exist to define a cell-centered upwind finite volume scheme of higher order on an unstructured grid of simplices. However, real theoretical motivation in the form of a convergence result does not exist for these approaches. Furthermore, some theoretical results of convergence exist for higher order finite volume methods, where no description of the numerical implementation is given to realize the necessary requirements for the convergence theory. Therefore we present in this paper a new limiter function which is motivated by these requirements and ensures a convergent scheme in the theoretical context: The approximated solution converges to the entropy solution in the case of scalar conservation laws in two space dimensions. This new limiter function is combined with a typical class of reconstruction functions very efficiently, which is illustrated by several test examples for scalar conservation laws as well as systems of such laws. In connection with the requirements to be fulfilled, a proof of a maximum principle of the finite volume scheme applied to simplices and dual cells is given. So for the approach of the higher order upwind finite volume scheme on dual cells, as used in several papers, a missing proof is now given. The ideas in this proof are also applied to the discontinuous Galerkin method, so that an existing maximum principle can be improved considerably. The main advantage comes from the fact that no requirements on the discretization of the domain are necessary: no B-triangulations or Delaunay triangulation are needed.
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  • 16
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    Advances in computational mathematics 7 (1997), S. 261-277 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: shell ; locking ; mixed finite element ; macroelement ; uniform convergence ; 65N30 ; 65N12 ; 73K15 ; 73V05
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, based on the Naghdi shell model, we analyze the uniform convergence of mixed finite element methods for cylindrical shell problems using macroelement techniques. We show that Taylor–Hood elements p 2-P 1 and P 1 iso P 2 are locking free elements for the model problems. Optimal error estimates are presented with these elements.
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  • 17
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    Advances in computational mathematics 7 (1997), S. 337-360 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Reissner–Mindlin plate ; boundary layer ; mixed finite element ; interior error estimate ; 65N30 ; 73N10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Interior error estimates are obtained for a low order finite element introduced by Arnold and Falk for the Reissner–Mindlin plates. It is proved that the approximation error of the finite element solution in the interior domain is bounded above by two parts: one measures the local approximability of the exact solution by the finite element space and the other the global approximability of the finite element method. As an application, we show that for the soft simply supported plate, the Arnold–Falk element still achieves an almost optimal convergence rate in the energy norm away from the boundary layer, even though optimal order convergence cannot hold globally due to the boundary layer. Numerical results are given which support our conclusion.
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  • 18
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    Advances in computational mathematics 6 (1996), S. 191-206 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Triangular finite elements ; bivariate Hermite interpolation ; 41A15 ; 41A05 ; 65D07 ; 65D05 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Letτ be the triangulation generated by a uniform three direction mesh of the plane. Letτ 6 be the Powell-Sabin subtriangulation obtained by subdividing each triangleT ∈τ by connecting each vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side. Given a smooth functionu, we construct a piecewise polynomial functionυ ∈C r (ℝ2) of degreen=2r (resp. 2r+1) forr odd (resp. even) in each triangle ofτ 6, interpolating derivatives ofu up to orderr at the vertices ofτ.
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  • 19
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    Calculus of variations and partial differential equations 4 (1996), S. 27-58 
    ISSN: 1432-0835
    Keywords: 65N15 ; 49Q05 ; 65N30 ; 53A10 ; 65N38
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We prove optimal convergence results for discrete approximations to (possibly unstable) minimal surfaces. This appears to be the first class of results of this type for geometric objects solving a highly non-linear geometric variational problem. We introduce a number of new techniques which we expect will be of use in other geometric problems. The theoretical approximation results are confirmed by numerical test computations.
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  • 20
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    Advances in computational mathematics 6 (1996), S. 109-138 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Finite element method ; interface problems ; 65N30 ; 65F10
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper is concerned with the analysis of a finite element method for nonhomogeneous second order elliptic interface problems on smooth domains. The method consists in approximating the domains by polygonal domains, transferring the boundary data in a natural way, and then applying a finite element method to the perturbed problem on the approximate polygonal domains. It is shown that the error in the finite element approximation is of optimal order for linear elements on a quasiuniform triangulation. As such the method is robust in the regularity of the data in the original problem.
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  • 21
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    Numerical algorithms 13 (1996), S. 365-398 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: convergence ; multilevel additive methods ; unstructured meshes ; 65N30 ; 65F10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We develop a convergence theory for two level and multilevel additive Schwarz domain decomposition methods for elliptic and parabolic problems on general unstructured meshes in two and three dimensions. The coarse and fine grids are assumed only to be shape regular, and the domains formed by the coarse and fine grids need not be identical. In this general setting, our convergence theory leads to completely local bounds for the condition numbers of two level additive Schwarz methods, which imply that these condition numbers are optimal, or independent of fine and coarse mesh sizes and subdomain sizes if the overlap amount of a subdomain with its neighbors varies proportionally to the subdomain size. In particular, we will show that additive Schwarz algorithms are still very efficient for nonselfadjoint parabolic problems with only symmetric, positive definite solvers both for local subproblems and for the global coarse problem. These conclusions for elliptic and parabolic problems improve our earlier results in [12, 15, 16]. Finally, the convergence theory is applied to multilevel additive Schwarz algorithms. Under some very weak assumptions on the fine mesh and coarser meshes, e.g., no requirements on the relation between neighboring coarse level meshes, we are able to derive a condition number bound of the orderO(ρ2 L 2), whereρ = max1≤l≤L(h l +l− 1)/δ l,h l is the element size of thelth level mesh,δ l the overlap of subdomains on thelth level mesh, andL the number of mesh levels.
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  • 22
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    Advances in computational mathematics 4 (1995), S. 145-170 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Galerkin methods ; condition numbers ; multilevel representations ; saddle point problems ; Lagrange multipliers ; Sobolev spaces ; refinable shift-invariant spaces ; wavelets ; boundary conditions ; 15A12 ; 65F35 ; 49M29 ; 65N30 ; 41A63 ; 41A17 ; 46E35
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For saddle point problems stemming from appending essential boundary conditions in connection with Galerkin methods for elliptic boundary value problems, a class of multilevel preconditioners is developed. The estimates are based on the characterization of Sobolev spaces on the underlying domain and its boundary in terms of weighted sequence norms relative to corresponding multilevel expansions. The results indicate how the various ingredients of a typical multilevel framework affect the growth rate of the condition numbers. In particular, it is shown how to realize even condition numbers that are uniformly bounded independently of the discretization. These investigations are motivated by the idea of employing nested refinable shift-invariant spaces as trial spaces covering various types of wavelets that are of advantage for the solution of boundary value problems from other points of view. Instead of incorporating the boundary conditions into the approximation spaces in the Galerkin formulation, they are appended by means of Lagrange multipliers leading to a saddle point problem.
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  • 23
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    Advances in computational mathematics 4 (1995), S. 331-355 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Boundary integral equations ; domain decomposition ; fast elliptic problem solvers ; interface operators ; matrix compression ; multilevel preconditioning ; 65N30 ; 65N20 ; 65P10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we propose and analyze some strategies to construct asymptotically optimal algorithms for solving boundary reductions of the Laplace equation in the interior and exterior of a polygon. The interior Dirichlet or Neumann problems are, in fact, equivalent to a direct treatment of the Dirichlet-Neumann mapping or its inverse, i.e., the Poincaré-Steklov (PS) operator. To construct a fast algorithm for the treatment of the discrete PS operator in the case of polygons composed of rectangles and regular right triangles, we apply the Bramble-Pasciak-Xu (BPX) multilevel preconditioner to the equivalent interface problem in theH 1/2-setting. Furthermore, a fast matrix-vector multiplication algorithm is based on the frequency cutting techniques applied to the local Schur complements associated with the rectangular substructures specifying the nonmatching decomposition of a given polygon. The proposed compression scheme to compute the action of the discrete interior PS operator is shown to have a complexity of the orderO(N log q N),q ε [2, 3], with memory needsO(N log2 N), whereN is the number of degrees of freedom on the polygonal boundary under consideration. In the case of exterior problems we propose a modification of the standard direct BEM whose implementation is reduced to the wavelet approximation applied to either single layer or hypersingular harmonic potentials and, in addition, to the matrix-vector multiplication for the discrete interior PS operator.
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  • 24
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    Integral equations and operator theory 21 (1995), S. 224-237 
    ISSN: 1420-8989
    Keywords: 45E05 ; 47G10 ; 65N30 ; 65N35 ; 65R20
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Singular integral equations with Cauchy kernel and piecewise-continuous matrix coefficients on open and closed smooth curves are replaced by integral equations with smooth kernels of the form(t−τ)[(t−τ) 2−n 2 (t)ε 2]−1,ε→0, wheren(t), t∈ Γ, is a continuous field of unit vectors non-tangential to Γ. we give necessary and sufficient conditions under which the approximating equations have unique solutions and these solutions converge to the solution of the original equation. For the scalar case and the spaceL 2(Γ) these conditions coincide with the strong ellipticity of the given equation.
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  • 25
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    Advances in computational mathematics 4 (1995), S. 111-126 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Domain decomposition ; additive Schwarz preconditioner ; nonconforming finite elements ; stationary Stokes equations ; 65N55 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the stationary Stokes equations on a polygonal domain whose boundary has more than one component, i.e., flow with obstacles. A two-level additive Schwarz preconditioner is developed for the divergence-free nonconforming P1 finite element. The condition number of the preconditioned system is shown to be bounded independent of mesh sizes and the number of subdomains in the case of generous overlap.
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  • 26
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    Advances in computational mathematics 4 (1995), S. 171-206 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Anisotropic elliptic equations ; finite elements ; wavelets ; preconditioners ; multi-level methods ; AMS(MOS) 65F10 ; 65F35 ; 65N20 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We describe tensor product type techniques to derive robust solvers for anisotropic elliptic model problems on rectangular domains in ℝ d . Our analysis is based on the theory of additive subspace correction methods and applies to finite element and prewavelet schemes. We present multilevel- and prewavelet-based methods that are robust for anisotropic diffusion operators with additional Helmholtz term. Furthermore, the resulting convergence rates are independent of the discretization level. Beside their theoretical foundation, we also report on the results of various numerical experiments to compare the different methods.
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  • 27
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    Applied mathematics & optimization 30 (1994), S. 113-126 
    ISSN: 1432-0606
    Keywords: Nonconvex variational problems ; Relaxation ; Optimal control ; 49J27 ; 35B25 ; 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract An optimal control problem for a multivalued system governed by a nonconvex variational problem, involving a regularization parameter ɛ〉0, is proposed and studied. The solution to the variational problem exhibits typically rapid oscillations (a so-called fine structure) corresponding to a multiphase state of the material. We want to control only this fine structure. Existence of an optimal control is proved. Its convergence with ɛ→0 is studied by means of an optimal control problem for a relaxed variational problem involving (suitably generalized) Young measures. The uniqueness of the solution to the relaxed variational problem, which is nontrivial but is very important in the context of optimal control, is studied in special cases. A finite-element approximation is proposed.
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  • 28
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    Numerical algorithms 7 (1994), S. 269-293 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: Mixed finite element methods ; quadrilaterals ; hexahedra ; differential geometry ; tensor calculus ; finite element methods ; finite difference methods ; partial differential equations ; 65N30 ; 65N06 ; 65N50 ; 53A45 ; 35J20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We describe a new family of discrete spaces suitable for use with mixed methods on certain quadrilateral and hexahedral meshes. The new spaces are natural in the sense of differential geometry, so all the usual mixed method theory, including the hybrid formulation, carries over to these new elements with proofs unchanged. Because transforming general quadrilaterals into squares introduces nonlinearity and because mixed methods involve the divergence operator, the new spaces are more complicated than either the corresponding Raviart-Thomas spaces for rectangles or corresponding finite element spaces for quadrilaterals. The new spaces are also limited to meshes obtained from a rectangular mesh through the application of a single global bilinear transformation. Despite this limitation, the new elements may be useful in certain topologically regular problems, where initially rectangular grids are deformed to match features of the physical region. They also illustrate the difficulties introduced into the theory of mixed methods by nonlinear transformations.
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  • 29
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    Numerical algorithms 8 (1994), S. 329-346 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: Unstructured meshes ; non-nested coarse meshes ; additive Schwarz algorithm ; optimal convergence rate ; 65N30 ; 65F10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We give several additive Schwarz domain decomposition methods for solving finite element problems which arise from the discretizations of elliptic problems on general unstructured meshes in two and three dimensions. Our theory requires no assumption (for the main results) on the substructures which constitute the whole domain, so each substructure can be of arbitrary shape and of different size. The global coarse mesh is allowed to be non-nested to the fine grid on which the discrete problem is to be solved and both the coarse meshes and the fine meshes need not be quasi-uniform. In this general setting, our algorithms have the same optimal convergence rate of the usual domain decomposition methods on structured meshes. The condition numbers of the preconditioned systems depend only on the (possibly small) overlap of the substructures and the size of the coares grid, but is independent of the sizes of the subdomains.
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  • 30
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    Advances in computational mathematics 1 (1993), S. 259-335 
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Keywords: Periodic pseudodifferential equations ; pre-wavelets ; biorthogonal wavelets ; generalized Petrov-Galerkin schemes ; wavelet representation ; atomic decomposition ; Calderón-Zygmund operators ; matrix compression ; error analysis ; 65F35 ; 65J10 ; 65N30 ; 65N35 ; 65R20 ; 47A20 ; 47G30 ; 45P05 ; 41A25
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This is the second part of two papers which are concerned with generalized Petrov-Galerkin schemes for elliptic periodic pseudodifferential equations in ℝ n . This setting covers classical Galerkin methods, collocation, and quasi-interpolation. The numerical methods are based on a general framework of multiresolution analysis, i.e. of sequences of nested spaces which are generated by refinable functions. In this part, we analyse compression techniques for the resulting stiffness matrices relative to wavelet-type bases. We will show that, although these stiffness matrices are generally not sparse, the order of the overall computational work which is needed to realize a certain accuracy is of the formO(N(logN) b ), whereN is the number of unknowns andb ≥ 0 is some real number.
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    Numerische Mathematik 64 (1993), S. 13-43 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary The boundary-value problem for rods having arbitrary geometry, and subjected to arbitrary loading, is studied within the context of the small-strain theory. The basic assumptions underlying the rod kinematics are those corresponding to the Timoshenko hypotheses in the plane rectilinear case: that is, plane sections normal to the line of centroids in the undeformed state remain plane, but not necessarily normal. The problem is formulated in both the standard and mixed variational forms, and after establishing the existence and uniqueness of solutions to these equivalent problems, the corresponding discrete problems are studied. Finite element approximations of the mixed problem are shown to be stable and convergent. It is shown that the equivalence between the mixed problem and the standard problem with selective reduced integration holds only for the case of rods having constant curvature and torsion, though. The results of numerical experiments are presented; these confirm the convergent behaviour of the mixed problem.
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    Numerische Mathematik 64 (1993), S. 433-453 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We consider the finite element approximation of a quasi-Newtonian flow, where the viscosity obeys the Carreau or power law. For sufficiently regular solutions we prove energy type error bounds for the velocity and pressure. These bounds improve on existing results in the literature.
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    Notes: Summary A parallelizable interative procedure based on domain decomposition techniques is defined and analyzed for mixed finite element methods for elliptic equations, with the analysis being presented for the decomposition of the domain into the individual elements associated with the mixed method or into larger subdomains. Applications to time-dependent problems are indicated.
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    Numerische Mathematik 65 (1993), S. 469-492 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 65N30 ; 65N55
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In this paper we discuss bounds for the convergence rates of several domain decomposition algorithms to solve symmetric, indefinite linear systems arising from mixed finite element discretizations of elliptic problems. The algorithms include Schwarz methods and iterative refinement methods on locally refined grids. The implementation of Schwarz and iterative refinement algorithms have been discussed in part I. A discussion on the stability of mixed discretizations on locally refined grids is included and quantiative estimates for the convergence rates of some iterative refinement algorithms are also derived.
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    Numerische Mathematik 65 (1993), S. 503-521 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N15 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In this paper, methods for numerical verifications of solutions for elliptic equations in nonconvex polygonal domains are studied. In order to verify solutions using computer, it is necessary to determine some constants which appear in a priori error estimations. We propose some methods for determination of these constants. In numerical examples, calculating these constants for anL-shaped domain, we verify the solution of a nonlinear elliptic equation.
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    Numerische Mathematik 66 (1993), S. 329-346 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 76D99
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary A Fourier-Chebyshev pseudospectral scheme is proposed for two-dimensional unsteady vorticity equation. The generalized stability and convergence are proved strictly. The numerical results are presented.
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    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65F10
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We describe sequential and parallel algorithms based on the Schwarz alternating method for the solution of mixed finite element discretizations of elliptic problems using the Raviart-Thomas finite element spaces. These lead to symmetric indefinite linear systems and the algorithms have some similarities with the traditional block Gauss-Seidel or block Jacobi methods with overlapping blocks. The indefiniteness requires special treatment. The sub-blocks used in the algorithm correspond to problems on a coarse grid and some overlapping subdomains and is based on a similar partition used in an algorithm of Dryja and Widlund for standard elliptic problems. If there is sufficient overlap between the subdomains, the algorithm converges with a rate independent of the mesh size, the number of subdomains and discontinuities of the coefficients. Extensions of the above algorithms to the case of local grid refinement is also described. Convergence theory for these algorithms will be presented in a subsequent paper.
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    Numerische Mathematik 66 (1993), S. 373-398 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We analyse multi-grid applied to anisotropic equations within the framework of smoothing and approximation-properties developed by Hack busch. For a model anisotropic equation on a square, we give an up-till-now missing proof of an estimate concerning the approximation property which is essential to show robustness. Furthermore, we show a corresponding estimate for a model anisotropic equation on an L-shaped domain. The existing estimates for the smoothing property are not suitable to prove robustness for either 2-cyclic Gauss-Seidel smoothers or for less regular problems such as our second model equation. For both cases, we give sharper estimates. By combination of our results concerning smoothing- and approximation-properties, robustness of W-cycle multi-grid applied to both our model equations will follow for a number of smoothers.
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    Applied mathematics & optimization 27 (1993), S. 179-190 
    ISSN: 1432-0606
    Keywords: Time-minimal distributed control ; Vibrations ; Finite element approximation ; Galerkin's method ; Least norm controls ; 93B05 ; 93B06 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper is concerned with distributed null-control of vibrations governed by an abstract wave equation. Based on a method for the exact computation of minimumL 2-norm controls for given time intervals and time-minimal controls which are bounded with respect to theL 2-norm, an approximation method is developed which is based on Galerkin's method ana convergence results are derived.
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    Numerische Mathematik 65 (1993), S. 23-50 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This paper deals with the problem of obtaining numerical estimates of the accuracy of approximations to solutions of elliptic partial differential equations. It is shown that, by solving appropriate local residual type problems, one can obtain upper bounds on the error in the energy norm. Moreover, in the special case of adaptiveh-p finite element analysis, the estimator will also give a realistic estimate of the error. A key feature of this is the development of a systematic approach to the determination of boundary conditions for the local problems. The work extends and combines several existing methods to the case of fullh-p finite element approximation on possibly irregular meshes with, elements of non-uniform degree. As a special case, the analysis proves a conjecture made by Bank and Weiser [Some A Posteriori Error Estimators for Elliptic Partial Differential Equations, Math. Comput.44, 283–301 (1985)].
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    Numerische Mathematik 65 (1993), S. 203-217 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65K10 ; 65N38 ; 65R30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We describe a numerical method to compute free surfaces in electromagnetic shaping and levitation of liquid metals. We use an energetic variational formulation and optimization techniques to compute, a critical point. The surfaces are represented by piecewise linear finite elements. Each step of the algorithm requires solving an elliptic boundary value problem in the exterior of the intermediate surfaces. This is done by using an integral representation on these surfaces.
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    Numerische Mathematik 65 (1993), S. 253-271 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N22 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This work deals with the condition numbers and the distribution of theB h singular values of the preconditioned operators {B h −1 A h }0〈h〈1, whereA h andB h are discretizations of second order elliptic operatorsA andB usingP 1 nonconforming finite elements of Crouzeix and Raviart.B is also assumed to be self-adjoint and positive definite. For conforming finite elements, Parter and Wong have shown that the singular values “cluster” in a positive finite interval. These reults are being extended to the aforementioned nonconforming finite elements. It will be shown that, for quasiuniform grids, theB h singular values are bounded above and below by positive constants which are independent of the grid sizeh. Moreover, they also “cluster” in a smaller but usually estimable interval. Issues of implementation are also discussed.
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    Numerische Mathematik 64 (1993), S. 85-114 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 35J60
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We consider efficient finite element algorithms for the computational simulation of type-II superconductors. The algorithms are based on discretizations of a periodic Ginzburg-Landau model. Periodicity is defined with respect to a non-orthogonal lattice that is not necessarily aligned with the coordinate axes; also, the primary dependent variables employed in the model satisfy non-standard “quasi”-periodic boundary conditions. After introducing the model, we define finite element schemes, derive error estimates of optimal order, and present the results of some numerical calculations. For a similar quality of simulation, the resulting algorithms seem to be significantly less costly than are previously used numerical approximation methods.
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    Numerische Mathematik 65 (1993), S. 337-356 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65R20
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary For the Laplace equation with Signorini boundary conditions two equivalent boundary variational inequality formulations are deduced. We investigate the discretization by a boundary element Galerkin method and obtain quasi-optimal asymptotic error estimates in the underlying Sobolev spaces. An algorithm based on the decomposition-coordination method is used to solve the discretized problems. Numerical examples confirm the predicted rate of convergence.
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    Numerische Mathematik 66 (1993), S. 449-463 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 65F35 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary Based on the framework of subspace splitting and the additive Schwarz scheme, we give bounds for the condition number of multilevel preconditioners for sparse grid discretizations of elliptic model problems. For a BXP-like preconditioner we derive an estimate of the optimal orderO(1) and for a HB-like variant we obtain an estimate of the orderO(k 2 ·2 k/2 ), wherek denotes the number of levels employed. Furthermore, we confirm these results by numerically computed condition numbers.
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    Numerische Mathematik 66 (1993), S. 493-515 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N55 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In this paper, we study some additive Schwarz methods (ASM) for thep-version finite element method. We consider linear, scalar, self adjoint, second order elliptic problems and quadrilateral elements in the finite element discretization. We prove a constant bound independent of the degreep and the number of subdomainsN, for the condition number of the ASM iteration operator. This optimal result is obtained first in dimension two. It is then generalized to dimensionn and to a variant of the method on the interface. Numerical experiments confirming these results are reported. As is the case for other additive Schwarz methods, our algorithms are highly parallel and scalable.
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    Constructive approximation 9 (1993), S. 237-262 
    ISSN: 1432-0940
    Keywords: 34K10 ; 34A50 ; 42C05 ; 46N05 ; 65N30 ; Compactly supported wavelets ; biorthogonal bases ; Galerkin methods
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we construct a compactly supported biorthogonal wavelet basis adapted to some simple differential operators. Moreover, we estimate the condition numbers of the corresponding stiffness matrices.
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    Integral equations and operator theory 15 (1992), S. 626-672 
    ISSN: 1420-8989
    Keywords: Primary, 65R20 ; Secondary, 35S05 ; 45E05 ; 45L10 ; 47G30 ; 65J10 ; 65N30 ; 65N35
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate several numerical methods for solving the pseudodifferential equationAu=f on the n-dimensional torusT n . We examine collocation methods as well as Galerkin-Petrov methods using various periodical spline functions. The considered spline spaces are subordinated to a uniform rectangular or triangular grid. For given approximation method and invertible pseudodifferential operatorA we compute a numerical symbolα C , resp.α G , depending onA and on the approximation method. It turns out that the stability of the numerical method is equivalent to the ellipticity of the corresponding numerical symbol. The case of variable symbols is tackled by a local principle. Optimal error estimates are established.
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    Numerische Mathematik 61 (1992), S. 7-37 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65N55
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We make a theoretical study of the application of a standard hierarchical basis multigrid iteration to the convection diffusion equation, discretized using an upwind finite element discretizations. We show behavior that in some respects is similar to the symmetric positive definite case, but in other respects is markedly different. In particular, we find the rate of convergence depends significantly on parameters which measure the strength of the upwinding, and the size of the convection term. Numerical calculations illustrating some of these effects are given.
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    Numerische Mathematik 61 (1992), S. 117-143 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This paper studies finite element methods for a class of arch beam models. For both standard and mixed methods, existence and uniqueness results are proved, optimal rates of convergence are obtained and the superconvergence property is established. Reduced integration is shown to be an efficient method for arch beam problems and selected reduced integration is found to be identical to the mixed method. The significance of the analysis is threefold. The mixed method and the reduced integration methods converge uniformly at the optimal rate with respect to the arch thickness parameter, so they are locking free. Second, mixed method and reduced integration keep the superconvergence properties of the standard method. Finally, this is the first attempt to investigate the superconvergence of finite element methods for arch beam problems. We set up two types of superconvergence results: displacement at the nodal points and gradient at the Gauss points.
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    Numerische Mathematik 61 (1992), S. 153-169 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65F10
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We provide a convergence rate analysis for a variant of the domain decomposition method introduced by Gropp and Keyes for solving the algebraic equations that arise from finite element discretization of nonsymmetric and indefinite elliptic problems with Dirichlet boundary conditions in ℝ2. We show that the convergence rate of the preconditioned GMRES method is nearly optimal in the sense that the rate of convergence depends only logarithmically on the mesh size and the number of substructures, if the global coarse mesh is fine enough.
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    Numerische Mathematik 61 (1992), S. 171-214 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 35J65 ; 35J05 ; 65N15 ; 65N30 ; 65N50 ; 65R20
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In this paper we apply the coupling of boundary integral and finite element methods to solve a nonlinear exterior Dirichlet problem in the plane. Specifically, the boundary value problem consists of a nonlinear second order elliptic equation in divergence form in a bounded inner region, and the Laplace equation in the corresponding unbounded exterior region, in addition to appropriate boundary and transmission conditions. The main feature of the coupling method utilized here consists in the reduction of the nonlinear exterior boundary value problem to an equivalent monotone operator equation. We provide sufficient conditions for the coefficients of the nonlinear elliptic equation from which existence, uniqueness and approximation results are established. Then, we consider the case where the corresponding operator is strongly monotone and Lipschitz-continuous, and derive asymptotic error estimates for a boundary-finite element solution. We prove the unique solvability of the discrete operator equations, and based on a Strang type abstract error estimate, we show the strong convergence of the approximated solutions. Moreover, under additional regularity assumptions on the solution of the continous operator equation, the asymptotic rate of convergenceO (h) is obtained.
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    Numerische Mathematik 61 (1992), S. 335-357 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We extend the analysis of the streamline diffusion finite element method to quasilinear elliptic problems of second order. An existence theorem and error estimates are given in the case of branches of nonsingular solutions following a recent abstract approach in [12, 13, 26].
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    Numerische Mathematik 61 (1992), S. 359-372 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We examine the optimality of conforming Petrov-Galerkin approximations for the linear convection-diffusion equation in two dimensions. Our analysis is based on the Riesz representation theorem and it provides an optimal error estimate involving the smallest possible constantC. It also identifies an optimal test space, for any choice of consistent norm, as that whose image under the Riesz representation operator is the trial space. By using the Helmholtz decomposition of the Hilbert space [L 2(Ω)]2, we produce a construction for the constantC in which the Riesz representation operator is not required explicitly. We apply the technique to the analysis of the Galerkin approximation and of an upwind finite element method.
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    Numerische Mathematik 61 (1992), S. 523-542 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 73C20
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We analyse the problem of membrane locking in (h, p) finite element models of a thin hemicylindrical shell roof loaded by a smoothly varying normal pressure distribution. We show that in the standard finite element method, locking occurs especially at low values ofp and when the finite element grid is not aligned with the axis of the cylinder. A general strategy of avoiding locking by using modified bilinear forms is introduced, and a special implementation of this strategy on aligned rectangular grids is considered.
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    Numerische Mathematik 62 (1992), S. 439-463 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We consider the finite element approximation of the 2D elasticity problem when the Poisson ratiov is close to 0.5. It is well-known that the performance of certain commonly used finite elements deteriorates asv→0, a phenomenon calledlocking. We analyze this phenomenon and characterize the strength of the locking androbustness of varioush-version schemes using triangular and rectangular elements. We prove that thep-andh-p versions are free of locking with respect to the error in the energy norm. A generalization of our theory to the 3D problem is also discussed.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 13-27 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We study a finite element approximation of viscoelastic fluid flow obeying an Oldroyd B type constitutive law. The approximate stress, velocity and pressure are respectivelyP 1 discontinuous,P 2 continuous,P 1 continuous. We use the method of Lesaint-Raviart for the convection of the extra stress tensor. We suppose that the continuous problem admits a sufficiently smooth and sufficiently small solution. We show by a fixed point method that the approximate problem has a solution and we give an error bound.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 123-144 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65N13 ; 65F10
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary Anti-derivatives of wavelets are used for the numerical solution of differential equations. Optimal error estimates are obtained in the applications to two-point boundary value problems of second order. The orthogonal property of the wavelets is used to construct efficient iterative methods for the solution of the resultant linear algebraic systems. Numerical examples are given.
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    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 35Q30 ; 65N30 ; 76D05
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In this article we study a new mixed method for the Stokes and Navier-Stokes equations. The method uses two meshes, one very fine for ω and a coarser one for ψ. Error estimates show that boundary layers do not require to refine the mesh for the stream function ψ as much as for the vorticity ω when the Reynolds number is large. We prove estimates and study implementation problems.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 183-194 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We consider the mixed finite element method for locally refined triangulations. A local projection operator $$\hat \Pi _h $$ is defined to satisfy the commutation property that is required in the general theory of mixed methods. Our results can be applied to every known space of arbitrary order over rectangles or triangles. Optimal-order error estimates and superconvergence for the flux along the Gauss lines are established.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 195-211 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N05 ; 65N10 ; 65N30 ; 76D08
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary A “mixed” finite difference method is analyzed for solving certain elliptic problems. This method, called L.P.D.E.M. (Locally exact Partial Differential Equation Method) was initially proposed in the frame of hydrodynamic lubrication. Convergence is obtained. Relations between this scheme and homogenization theory are also discussed. For a one-dimensional elliptic equation with no zero-order term and in conservative form, this method is an exact one. Some numerical results will also be given.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 227-241 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 49R10 ; 65N25 ; 65N30 ; 35P15
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit leiten wir Fehlerschranken her für die Rayleigh-Ritz-Näherungen der Eigenwerte und Eigenelemente von selbstadjungierten Eigenwertaufgaben, deren Spektren nach unten beschränkt und anfangsdiskret sind. Solche Abschätzungen haben gerade im Hinblick auf ihre Bedeutung bei der Finite-Elemente-Methode eine lange Tradition, vgl. etwa [3-5, 7-9] sowie insbesondere die in [3] aufgeführte Literatur. Verfeinerte Fehlerschranken haben kürzlich Babuška und Osborn [1–3] angegeben: Speziell für mehrfach vorliegende Eigenwerte führen sie Approximationsgrößen ein, die die Güte der Diskretisierung beschreiben, und schätzen dann in Termen dieser Größen die Fehler ab. Dabei betrachten sie jedoch aus beweistechnischer Notwendigkeit heraus stets den Fall eines rein diskreten Spektrums, das sich durch selbstadjungierte und kompakte Operatoren beschreiben läßt. Wir lösen uns hier von dieser Einschränkung und geben in analoger Weise das asymptotische Verhalten der Fehler auch für solche Aufgaben an, die ein wesentliches Spektrum besitzen. Zugleich verbessern wir dabei die in [7] aufgestellten Schranken. Unsere Beweismethoden liefern explizit alle in den Fehlerschranken auftretenden Konstanten. Diese ergeben sich allein aus dem Spektrum der betrachteten Aufgabe. Desweiteren können wir alle Beweise mit reellwertigem Skalarkörper durchführen, da wir eine Darstellung von Spektralprojektoren durch Kurvenintegrale (vgl. etwa die Methoden der Spektralapproximation bei Chatelin [5]) für selbstadjungierte Probleme nicht benötigen. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse gelten jedoch auch entsprechend für komplexwertige Skalarkörper.
    Notes: Summary In this paper we establish estimates for the approximation of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a selfadjoint eigenvalue problem bounded below with spectrum that begins with isolated eigenvalues of finite multiplicity. Results on the asymptotic behavior of the errors recently proved by Babuška and Osborn [1–3] are also valid for problems with nontrivial essential spectrum.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 297-313 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65F10
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This paper provides a fast and storage-saving method for the solution of the first biharmonic boundary value problem (b.v.p.). The b.v.p. is approximated via a special variational finite difference technique suggested earlier by V.G. Korneev. It is shown theoretically that our method produces an approximate solution to the finite difference equations inO(NlnNlnɛ−1) arithmetical operations, whereN is the number of unknowns and ɛ (0〈ɛ〈1) denotes the relative accuracy required. The numerical results obtained by our computer code CGMFC decisively substantiate the theoretical estimates given.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 315-344 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65F35 ; 65N30 ; 41A63 ; 41A17 ; 46E35
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This paper is concerned with multilevel techniques for preconditioning linear systems arising from Galerkin methods for elliptic boundary value problems. A general estimate is derived which is based on the characterization of Besov spaces in terms of weighted sequence norms related to corresponding multilevel expansions. The result brings out clearly how the various ingredients of a typical multilevel setting affect the growth rate of the condition numbers. In particular, our analysis indicates how to realize even uniformly bounded condition numbers. For example, the general results are used to show that the Bramble-Pasciak-Xu preconditioner for piecewise linear finite elements gives rise to uniformly bounded condition numbers even when the refinements of the underlying triangulations are highly nonuniform. Furthermore, they are applied to a general multivariate setting of refinable shift-invariant spaces, in particular, covering those induced by various types of wavelets.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 503-520 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65F10
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary For solving second order elliptic problems discretized on a sequence of nested mixed finite element spaces nearly optimal iterative methods are proposed. The methods are within the general framework of the product (multiplicative) scheme for operators in a Hilbert space, proposed recently by Bramble, Pasciak, Wang, and Xu [5,6,26,27] and make use of certain multilevel decomposition of the corresponding spaces for the flux variable.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 483-501 
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    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary Certain projection post-processing techniques have been proposed for computing the boundary flux for two-dimensional problems (e.g., see Carey, et al. [5]). In a series of numerical experiments on elliptic problems they observed that these post-processing formulas for approximate fluxes were almost (O(h 2)-accurate for linear triangular elements. In this paper we prove that the computed boundary flux isO(h 2 ln 1/h)-accurate in the maximum norm for the partial method of [5]. If the solutionuφH 3(Ω) then the boundary flux error isO(h 3/2) in theL 2-norm.
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    Numerische Mathematik 63 (1992), S. 521-539 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We consider the solution of the algebraic system of equations which result from the discretization of second order elliptic equations. A class of multilevel algorithms are studied using the additive Schwarz framework. We establish that the condition number of the iteration operators are bounded independent of mesh sizes and the number of levels. This is an improvement on Dryja and Widlund's result on a multilevel additive Schwarz algorithm, as well as Bramble, Pasciak and Xu's result on the BPX algorithm. Some multiplicative variants of the multilevel methods are also considered. We establish that the energy norms of the corresponding iteration operators are bounded by a constant less than one, which is independent of the number of levels. For a proper ordering, the iteration operators correspond to the error propagation operators of certain V-cycle multigrid methods, using Gauss-Seidel and damped Jacobi methods as smoothers, respectively.
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    Applied mathematics & optimization 25 (1992), S. 127-149 
    ISSN: 1432-0606
    Keywords: 49B50 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we present a new approach to solve a two-level optimization problem arising from an approximation by means of the finite element method of optimal control problems governed by unilateral boundary-value problems. The problem considered is to find a minimum of a functional with respect to the control variablesu. The minimized functional depends on control variables and state variablesx. The latter are the optimal solution of an auxiliary quadratic programming problem, whose parameters depend onu. Our main idea is to replace this QP problem by its dual and then apply the barrier penalty method to this dual QP problem or to the primal one if it is in an appropriate form. As a result we obtain a problem approximating the original one. Its good property is the differentiable dependence of state variables with respect to the control variables. Furthermore, we propose a method for finding an approximate solution of a penalized lower-level problem if the optimal solution of the original QP problem is known. We apply the result obtained to some optimal shape design problems governed by the Dirichlet-Signorini boundary-value problem.
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    Numerische Mathematik 62 (1992), S. 1-15 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary A finite element procedure for circumventing the Babuška-Brezzi condition in mixed formulations with Lagrange multipliers defined on the boundary is presented. Residual terms constructed from the Euler-Lagrange equations are added to the classical Galerkin formulation in order to attain coercivity in a mesh-dependent norm. Convergence is proven for the primal variable and the multiplier in the natural mesh-independent norm of the problem, generalizing results of a previous paper.
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    Numerische Mathematik 62 (1992), S. 149-160 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous considérons quelques extensions des résultats classiques d'estimation d'erreur pour les problèmes mixtes. Nous étudions en particulier l'effet de l'emploi d'une approximation non conforme et celui de la décomposition de la formeb(·,·) enb 1(·,·) etb 2(·,·). Nous employons cette dćomposition pour affiner certaines estimations dans le cas où la formea(·,·) n'est pas coercive dans la bonne norme. Nous considérons aussi des résultats de dualité dans le cas non conforme.
    Notes: Summary We consider some extensions of the classical error estimates for mixed problems. We take into account, in particular, nonconforming approximations and the splitting of the bilinear formb(·,·), intob 1(·,·) andb 2(·,·). We use this last fact to sharpen some estimates in a case where the forma(·,·) does not have coercivity in the right norm. We also consider duality results in the nonconforming case.
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    Numerische Mathematik 62 (1992), S. 161-188 
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    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous construisons un élément fini mixte pour le problème de Stokes. Cet élément est non conforme. Nous appliquons les résultats de la Partie I pour obtenir des estimations d'erreur optimales. Nous considérons aussi le traitement des conditions de raccords par des multiplicateurs de Lagrange et nous montrons que ces multiplicateurs peuvent être utilisés pour construire une approximation superconvergente.
    Notes: Summary We build a mixed finite element method for the Stokes problem. This method is nonconforming. We apply the results of Part I to prove convergence and obtain optimal error estimates. We also consider the treatment of interface conditions by multipliers and show that a superconvergent approximation can be built from those multipliers.
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    Numerische Mathematik 62 (1992), S. 189-212 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 65F35 ; 65N20 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We develop a hierarchical basis multilevel method for symmetric second order elliptic boundary value problems in two-dimensional polygonal domains based on nonconforming P1 triangular elements. The main result is that the condition number of the hierarchical discretization is bounded byO(k) wherek is the number of refinement levels. For comparison, Yserentant's result yields the sharp boundO(k 2) for the corresponding hierarchical discretization with conforming linear elements.
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    Numerische Mathematik 62 (1992), S. 297-303 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65N50
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In this paper we analyze an error estimator introduced by Bank and Weiser. We prove that this estimator is asymptotically exact in the energy norm for regular solutions and parallel meshes. By considering a simple example we show that this is not true for general meshes.
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    Numerische Mathematik 62 (1992), S. 321-341 
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    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In this paper, we establish that a popular finite element method for arch structures degenerates when the thickness tends to zero. This is due to the fact that, for null thickness, the energy functional looses the ellipticity property. We show then how to link the step size to the thickness in order to get required precision. Numerical results finally illustrate the theoretical analysis.
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    Numerische Mathematik 62 (1992), S. 391-411 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N22 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This work deals with theL 2 condition numbers and the distribution of theL 2 singular values of the preconditioned operators {B h −1 Ah}0〈h〈1, whereA h andB h are finite element discretizations of second order elliptic operators,A andB respectively. For conforming finite elements, it was shown in the work of Goldstein, Manteuffel and Parter that if the leading part ofB is a scalar multiple (1/Θ) of the leading part ofA, then the singular values ofB h −1 A h “cluster” and “fill-in” the interval [θ min,θ max], where 0〈θ min≦θ max are the minimum and maximum of the factor Θ. As a generalization of these results, the current work includes nonconforming finite element methods which deal with Dirichlet boundary conditions. It will be shown that, in this more general setting, theL 2 condition numbers of {B h −1 A h } are uniformly bounded. Moreover, the singular values also “cluster” and “fill-in” the same interval. In particular, if the leading part ofB is the same as the leading part ofA, then the singular values cluster about the point {1}. Two specific methods are given as applications of this theory. They are the penalty method of Babuška and the method of “nearly zero” boundary conditions of Nitsche.
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    Numerische Mathematik 62 (1992), S. 413-438 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N22 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This work deals with theH 1 condition numbers and the distribution of theB h singular values of the preconditioned operators {B h −1 A h }0〈h〈1, whereA h andB h are finite element discretizations of second order elliptic operators,A andB respectively.B is also assumed to be self-adjoint and positive definite. For conforming finite elements, Parter and Wong have shown that the singular values “cluster” in a positive finite interval. Goldstein also has derived results on the spectral distribution ofB h −1 A h using a different approach. As a generalization of the results of Parter and Wong, the current work includes nonconforming finite element methods which deal with Dirichlet boundary conditions. It will be shown that, in this more general setting, the singular values also “cluster” in a positive finite interval. In particular, if the leading part ofB is the same as the leading part ofA, then the singular values cluster about the point {1}. Two specific methods are given as applications of this theory. They are the penalty method of Babuška and the method of “nearly zero” boundary conditions of Nitsche. Finally, it will be shown that the same results can be proven by an approach generalized from the work of Goldstein.
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    Numerical algorithms 3 (1992), S. 427-440 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: 65B05 ; 65N30 ; Parallel splitting method ; parabolic problem ; parallel LOD method ; global extrapolation
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    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Extrapolation with a parallel splitting method is discussed. The parallel splitting method reduces a multidimensional problem into independent one-dimensional problems and can improve the convergence order of space variables to an order as high as the regularity of the solution permits. Therefore, in order to match the convergence order of the space variables, a high order method should also be used for the time integration. Second and third order extrapolation methods are used to improve the time convergence and it was found that the higher order extrapolation method can produce a more accurate solution than the lower order extrapolation method, but the convergence order of high order extrapolation may be less than the actual order of the extrapolation. We also try to show a fact that has not been studied in the literature, i.e. when the extrapolation is used, it may decrease the convergence of the space variables. The higher the order of the extrapolation method, the more it decreases the convergence of the space variables. The global extrapolation method also improves the parallel degree of the parallel splitting method. Numerical tests in the paper are done in a domain of a unit circle and a unit square.
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    BIT 31 (1991), S. 664-685 
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: 65N15 ; 65N30 ; error estimate ; Galerkin method ; parabolic ; time-periodic
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we consider the numerical solution of a time-periodic linear parabolic problem. We derive optimal order error estimates inL 2(Ω) for approximate solutions obtained by discretizing in space by a Galerkin finite-element method and in time by single-step finite difference methods, using known estimates for the associated initial value problem. We generalize this approach and obtain error estimates for more general discretization methods in the norm of a Banach spaceB ⊂L 2(Ω), e.g.,B=H 0 1 (Ω) orL ∞(Ω). Finally, we consider some computational aspects and give a numerical example.
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    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65J10 ; 35J20 ; 15A18 ; Orthogonal Projections ; Parallel Computing ; Domain Decomposition ; Grid Refinement ; Schwarz Alternating Method
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Many parallel iterative algorithms for solving symmetric, positive definite problems proceed by solving in each iteration, a number of independent systems on subspaces. The convergence of such methods is determined by the spectrum of the sums of orthogonal projections on those subspaces, while the convergence of a related sequential method is determined by the spectrum of the product of complementary projections. We study spectral properties of sums of orthogonal projections and in the case of two projections, characterize the spectrum of the sum completely in terms of the spectrum of the product.
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    Numerische Mathematik 60 (1991), S. 493-508 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary A thorough analysis of the finite element method is given for a holonomic elastic-plastic problem. An inequality of the Cea's lemma type is proved, which is the basis of error estimates for various finite element solutions. Difficulty caused by a non-differentiable term in the problem can be overcome by using two convergent procedures, an iterative procedure and a regularization procedure. An a-posteriori quantitative error estimate is derived for the regularized solution.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 179-216 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS) 73M05 ; 65N30 ; CR: G1.8
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In plane elasticity, when two different wedge-shaped elastic materials (isotropic, homogeneous) are bonded together along a common edge and subject to tractions on the boundary, the stress field σ will become infinite at the apex. In fact, asymptotically, the displacementu satisfies $$u \approx \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {r^{ - i\lambda _j } } \sum\limits_{k = 0}^{\eta _j - 1} {\ln ^k } (r)\Phi _{jk} (\theta )asr \to 0,$$ where (r, θ) are the polar coordinates with origin at the wedge apex and the complex numbersλ j are the roots with positive imaginary part and multiplicityη j of an explicitly given transcendental equation:G(λ)=0. For applications it is desirable to understand how the number of terms that give rise to unbounded stresses in the above expansion depends on the elasticity constants and on the wedge angles. Setting $$N(q) = \sum\limits_{0〈 \operatorname{Im} (\lambda _j )〈 q} {\eta _j } $$ , the problem is then to studyN(1) as a function of the material constants and wedge angles. A rigorous analysis is presented here for the case in which the wedge angles are equal (symmetric domains). Using the fact thatG is an entire function of λ which depends continuously on the parameters of the problem, we develop a “continuity method” which enables us to evaluate the functions $$N\left( {\frac{\pi }{a}} \right)$$ and $$N\left( {\frac{\pi }{{2a}}} \right)$$ wherea is the measure of each wedge angle. This yields bounds onN(1) as well as some information on the zeros ofG that correspond to higher order singularities.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 385-398 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65N15 ; 49J40
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In this paper the internal approximation of a quasi-variational inequality is considered. An algorithm of Bensoussan-Lions type is proposed for which the convergence is proved. These results are applied to Signorini problem with friction for which two error estimates and numerical examples are also given.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 431-452 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 65N20 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary Algebraic multilevel analogues of the BEPS preconditioner designed for solving discrete elliptic problems on grids with local refinement are formulated, and bounds on their relative condition numbers, with respect to the composite-grid matrix, are derived. TheV-cycle and, more generally,v-foldV-cycle multilevel BEPS preconditioners are presented and studied. It is proved that for 2-D problems theV-cycle multilevel BEPS is almost optimal, whereas thev-foldV-cycle algebraic multilevel BEPS is optimal under a mild restriction on the composite cell-centered grid. For thev-fold multilevel BEPS, the variational relation between the finite difference matrix and the corresponding matrix on the next-coarser level is not necessarily required. Since they are purely algebraically derived, thev-fold (v〉1) multilevel BEPS preconditioners perform without any restrictionson the shape of subregions, unless the refinement is too fast. For theV-cycle BEPS preconditioner (2-D problem), a variational relation between the matrices on two consecutive grids is required, but there is no restriction on the method of refinement on the shape, or on the size of the subdomains.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 511-528 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary The numerical solution of the Mindlin-Reissner plate equations by a multigrid method is studied. Difficulties arise only if the thickness parameter is significantly smaller than the mesh parameter. In this case an augmented Lagrangian method is applied to transform the given problem into a sequence of problems with relaxed penalty parameter. With this a parameter independent iteration is obtained.
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    Numerische Mathematik 60 (1991), S. 163-194 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary It is shown that the interpretation of the Galerkin-Characteristic method for the scalar advection equation in the framework of particle methods yields a computationally efficient algorithm. Such an algorithm consists of updating the dependent variable at the grid points by cubic spline interpolation at the feet of the characteristic curves. The algorithm is unconditionally stable. The error analysis in the maximum norm shows that for sufficiently smooth functions the feet of the characteristic curves are points of high order convergence.
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    Numerische Mathematik 60 (1991), S. 219-234 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary Most domain decomposition algorithms have been developed for problems in two dimensions. One reason for this is the difficulty in devising a satisfactory, easy-to-implement, robust method of providing global communication of information for problems in three dimensions. Several methods that work well in two dimension do not perform satisfactorily in three dimensions. A new iterative substructuring algorithm for three dimensions is proposed. It is shown that the condition number of the resulting preconditioned problem is bounded independently of the number of subdomains and that the growth is quadratic in the logarithm of the number of degrees of freedom associated with a subdomain. The condition number is also bounded independently of the jumps in the coefficients of the differential equation between subdomains. The new algorithm also has more potential parallelism than the iterative substructuring methods previously proposed for problems in three dimensions.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 399-412 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We examine the convergence properties of the finite element method with nodes moving along the characteristics for one-dimensional convection-diffusion equations. For linear elements, we demonstrate optimal rates of convergence in theL 2,H 1 andL ∞ norms. Both linear and nonlinear problems are considered.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 581-601 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65N15 ; 76D07
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary This paper introduces and analyzes two ways of extracting the hydrostatic pressure when solving Stokes problem using thep version of the finite element method. When one uses a localH 1 projection, we show that optimal rates of convergence for the pressure approximation is achieved. When the pressure is not inH 1. or the value of the pressure is only needed at a few points, one may extract the pressure pointwise using e.g. a single layer potential recovery. Negative, zero, and higher norm estimates for the Stokes velocity are derived within the framework of thep version of the F.E.M.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 615-636 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We consider mixed finite element approximations of the stationary, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with slip boundary condition simultaneously approximating the velocity, pressure, and normal stress component. The stability of the schemes is achieved by adding suitable, consistent penalty terms corresponding to the normal stress component and to the pressure. A new method of proving the stability of the discretizations allows, us to obtain optimal error estimates for the velocity, pressure, and normal stress component in natural norms without using duality arguments and without imposing uniformity conditions on the finite element partition. The schemes can easily be implemented into existing finite element codes for the Navier-Stokes equations with standard Dirichlet boundary conditions.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 667-682 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 49R10 ; 65N25 ; 65N30 ; 35P15
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei der näherungsweisen Berechnung von Eigenwerten und Eigenelementen spielt das klassische Rayleigh-Ritz-Verfahren gerade im Hinblick auf die Finite-Elemente-Methode eine bedeutende Rolle. Umfangreiche Untersuchungen zur Konvergenz des Verfahrens liegen vor (vgl. etwa [1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20]). Dabei werden zumeist quantitative Fehlerabschätzungen für konkrete Approximationen spezieller Probleme hergeleitet. Die Behandlung der Näherungseigenelemente erweist sich als besonders schwierig, wenn die zugehörigen Eigenwerte mehrfach vorliegen. Die für viele weiteren Untersuchungen fundamentalen Ergebnisse von Birkhoff et al. [1] gelten ausschließlich für einfache Eigenwerte. Das Hauptanliegen dieser Arbeit ist die Darlegung des qualitativen und quantitativen Konvergenzverhaltens der Näherungseigenelemente. In einer rein funktionalanalytischen Vorgehensweise betrachten wir Eigenwertaufgaben, die sich durch halbbeschränkte selbstadjungierte Operatoren beschreiben lassen. Die Konvergenzaussagen werden zurückgeführt auf die Approximationsgüte der Diskretisierung. Die erzielten Abschätzungen stehen somit generell fürjede Konkretisierung zur Verfügung. Insbesondere werden die Resultate aus [1] verallgemeinert. Die Beweise orientieren sich direkt an der Problemstellung. Methoden der ‘Spektralapproximation’ (vgl. Chatelin [3], Vainikko [20]) werden nicht eingesetzt.
    Notes: Summary This paper is concerned with the Rayleigh-Ritz method applied to eigenvalue problems, discribed by operators which are selfadjoint and bounded from below. In a purely functional analytic procedure the convergence results are reduced to error estimates for the discretization.
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    Numerische Mathematik 60 (1991), S. 41-61 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65F10
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In this paper, we consider the solution of linear systems of algebraic equations that arise from parabolic finite element problems. We introduce three additive Schwarz type domain decomposition methods for general, not necessarily selfadjoint, linear, second order, parabolic partial differential equations and also study the convergence rates of these algorithms. The resulting preconditioned linear system of equations is solved by the generalized minimal residual method. Numerical results are also reported.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 711-722 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65J10 ; 65R20 ; 65N30 ; 65N35 ; 65N99 ; 45E05
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary For Galerkin's method with finite elements as trial functions for strongly elliptic operator equations in the Hilbert scaleH t the super-approximation property and the optimal convergence rate are obtained by using the Aubin-Nitsche lemma. This applies in particular to spline collocation methods for a wide class of pseudodifferential equations.
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 747-767 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; CR: G1.8
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We study numerically the pattern of the minimizing sequences of nonconvex problems which do not admit a minimizer.
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  • 94
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 769-778 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 73K10 ; 73K25
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We prove a discrete inf-sup condition for a mixed plate element introduced by Arnold and Falk. By using this condition, we obtain optimal error estimates for the shear strain which are valid uniformly in the plate thickness.
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  • 95
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    Numerische Mathematik 59 (1991), S. 831-859 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30 ; 65N55 ; 65N15
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary A generalized Stokes problem is addressed in the framework of a domain decomposition method, in which the physical computational domain Ω is partitioned into two subdomainsΩ 1 andΩ 2. Three different situations are covered. In the former, the viscous terms are kept in both subdomains. Then we consider the case in which viscosity is dropped out everywhere in Ω. Finally, a hybrid situation in which viscosity is dropped out only inΩ 1 is addressed. The latter is motivated by physical applications. In all cases, correct transmission conditions across the interface Γ betweenΩ 1 andΩ 2 are devised, and an iterative procedure involving the successive resolution of two subproblems is proposed. The numerical discretization is based upon appropriate finite elements, and stability and convergence analysis is carried out. We also prove that the iteration-by-subdomain algorithms which are associated with the various domain decomposition approaches converge with a rate independent of the finite element mesh size.
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  • 96
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    Numerische Mathematik 60 (1991), S. 429-463 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In the paper we develop a structured approach to thea posteriori estimation of the error in the approximation obtained via the finite element method. This aids the classification of existing estimators as well as allowing new estimators to be proposed for new situations. A class of abstract estimators for finite elements of orderp〉1 in $$\Re ^n $$ ,n=2, 3 based on exploiting the superconvergence phenomenon are analyzed.
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  • 97
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    Numerische Mathematik 58 (1990), S. 163-184 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS) ; 65F10 ; 65F35 ; 65N20 ; 65N30 ; CR: G 1.8
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary The hierarchical basis preconditioner and the recent preconditioner of Bramble, Pasciak and Xu are derived and analyzed within a joint framework. This discussion elucidates the close relationship between both methods. Special care is devoted to highly nonuniform meshes; exclusively local properties like the shape regularity of the finite elements are utilized.
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  • 98
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    Numerische Mathematik 58 (1990), S. 203-214 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS) ; 65F10 ; 65N30 ; 76D05 ; CR: G1.8
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary In order to solve the Stokes equations numerically, Crouzeix and Raviart introduced elements satisfying a discrete divergence condition. For the two dimensional case and uniform triangulations it is shown, that using the standard basis functions, the conditioning of the stiffness matrix is of orderN 2, whereN is the dimension of the corresponding finite element space. Hierarchical bases are introduced which give a condition number of orderN log(N)3.
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  • 99
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    Numerische Mathematik 58 (1990), S. 713-735 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS): 65N10 ; 65N30 ; CR: G1.8
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary The finite volume element method (FVE) is a discretization technique for partial differential equations. It uses a volume integral formulation of the problem with a finite partitioning set of volumes to discretize the equations, then restricts the admissible functions to a finite element space to discretize the solution. this paper develops discretization error estimates for general selfadjoint elliptic boundary value problems with FVE based on triangulations with linear finite element spaces and a general type of control volume. We establishO(h) estimates of the error in a discreteH 1 semi-norm. Under an additional assumption of local uniformity of the triangulation the estimate is improved toO(h 2). Results on the effects of numerical integration are also included.
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  • 100
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    Numerische Mathematik 58 (1990), S. 855-873 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS): 45L10 ; 45P05 ; 47G05 ; 47G05 ; 65N30 ; 65N99 ; 65R20 ; 73K30 ; CR: G.1.9
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We consider a spline collocation method for strongly elliptic zero order pseudodifferential equationsp gw Au=f on a cube ω=(0, 1) m . Utilizing multilinear spline functions which are zero at the boundary σω we collocate at the meshpoints inside ω. For classical strongly elliptic translation invariant pseudodifferential operators, we verify the stability of the considered collocation method inL 2(ω). Afterwards, form≦2 and a right hand sidef∈H 8(ω),s〉m/2, we prove an asymptotic convergence estimate.
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