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  • Organic Chemistry  (68,964)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (25,033)
  • 550 - Earth sciences  (19,122)
  • Geochemie
  • Geodäsie
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Beiträge zur Geologie von Sachsen : Teil 2 | Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums für Mineralogie und Geologie zu Dresden
    Publication Date: 2024-07-09
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: German
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Publication Date: 2024-07-09
    Description: Der Kapuzinersandstein ist ein gelblich brauner bis tief dunkelrotbrauner Sandstein, der in einem eng begrenzten Gebiet am westlichen Rheingrabenrand bei Grünstadt/ Pfalz vorkommt. Es handelt sich um einen verfestigten Meeressand aus der Alzey-Formation des Oligozäns. Das Vorkommen beschränkt sich auf wenige Abbaustellen, deren Gewinnungstätigkeit seit etwa hundert Jahren erloschen ist. Die Körnungslinie der Sandsteine und die durch Eisen(hydr-)oxide verursachte Kornbindung ist erheblichen Schwankungen unterworfen. Hauptbestandteile sind Quarz und Gesteinsbruchstücke. Siliziumoxid und Eisenoxide machen mehr als 95 % der chemischen Zusammensetzung aus. Zahlreiche Profan- und Sakralbauten sowie die Burgruine Battenberg wurden unter teilweiser oder ausschließlicher Verwendung von Kapuzinersandstein errichtet.
    Description: Abstract: The yellowish-brown to dark red-brown coloured Kapuziner sandstone occurs within a small confined area at the western border of the Upper Rhine Graben near Grünstadt/Palatinate. It is considered as a coastal marine formation of Tertiary age (Alzey Formation, Oligocene). The extraction as a building stone ceased almost a hundred years ago and only a few relics of quarries are left today. The grain size of the sandstone varies on a large scale as well as the mechanical stability. Main components are quartz and rock fragments. Silicon oxide and iron oxides contribute more than 95 % to the chemical composition of the sedimentary rock. Multiple secular and sacred buildings as well as the Battenberg Castle have been erected partially or completely using Kapuziner sandstone .
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:553.53 ; Sandstein ; Pfalz ; Oberrheingraben ; Petrographie ; Geochemie ; Architektur ; Werkstein
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:article , publishedVersion
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Reimer
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar
    Publication Date: 2024-07-02
    Description: Über den paläozoischen Sedimenten im Dakhla-Becken folgen überwiegend fluvio-kontinentale Sedimente des Mesozoikums, die sich aufgrund ihrer gleichartigen Ausbildung innerhalb des Beckens in Ost-West-Erstreckung verfolgen lassen. Die pauschal als "Nubischer Sandstein" bezeichneten klastischen Sedimente konnten in sechs Formationen gegliedert und ihre strati graphische Stellung weitgehend gesichert werden. Die Einheiten der Nubischen Gruppe heißen von unten nach oben: Six Hills Formation (Basal Clastics), Abu Ballas Formation (Lingula Shale), Sabaya Formation (Desert Rose Beds), Maghrabi Formation (Plant Beds), Taref Formation (Taref Sandstein) und Mut Formation (Variegated Shales). Sie sind fast ausschließlich der Kreide bis zum Maastricht zugehörig. Der Sedimentationsraum gehört zu einem sich nach Nordwesten vertiefenden Becken zwischen der Calanscio-Uweinat-Schwelle im Westen und dem Kharga-Upl ift im Osten. Die Sandstein-Formationen bestehen in der Körnerfraktion ausschließlich aus Quarz, Zirkon, Turmalin, Rutil und Leukoxen und zeigen bei den Tonmineralen eine absolute Kaolinitvormacht. Die überwiegend tonigen Formationen, mit unterschiedlichen Tonmineral-Vergesellschaffungen, deuten auf eine Sedimentation in einem flachen Epikontinentalmeer hin. Die Sedimente der Nubischen Gruppe entstammen Gebieten mit lateritischer Verwitterung. Die Resedimentation erfolgte unter gleichen Klimabedingungen, wie synsedimentäre Bodenbildung und Sesquioxid-Krusten zeigen. Die Faktoren-Analyse ergab folgende Elementgruppen: Ti, Nb, Zr und Cr: Elemente, die überwiegend in Schwermineralen auftreten ; Mn, Co, Ni und Cu: adsorptiv an Mn gebunden und in manganreichen Krusten angereichert ; Y, SE; an Tonminerale angelagerte Elemente ; Ca, Sr, Rb und Pb: an Tonminerale gebundene Elemente. Eisen konnte keiner dieser Gruppen zugeordnet werden. Da die fünf Elementgruppen in den Formationen der Nubischen Gruppe charakteristisch verteilt sind, ist eine Unterscheidung der Formationen aufgrund der Elementverteilung möglich.
    Description: The Paleozoic sediments within the Dakhla Basin are overlain by fluvio-continental sediments of Mesozoic age which can be traced in the. basin in east-west extension caused by their similar development. The clastic sediments, generally called "Nubian Sandstone", could be subdivided into six formations and their: stratigraphic position could be more or less assured. The units of the Nubia Group are named from the bottom towards the top as follows: Six Hills Formation (Basal Clastic Unit), Abu Ballas Formation (Lingula Shale Unit), Sabaya Formation (Desert Rose Unit), Maghrabi Formation (Plant Bed Unit), Taref Formation (Taref Sandstone Unit), and Mut Formation (Variegated Shale Unit). Stratigraphically they are nearly exclusively of Cretaceous up to Maastrichtian age. The area of sedimentation is a basin between the Calanscio-Uweinat Uplift in the west and the Kharga Uplift in the east. The bottom of the basin dips towards the northwest. The more sandy units contain as grains exclusively quartz, zircone, turmaline, rutile and leocoxene. The same units show as a clay-mineral an absolute predominance of kaolinite. The chiefly clayey units with a different association of clayminerals point at a sedimentation in a shallow epicontinental sea. The sediments of the Nubia Group are descended from regions with a lateritic weathering. The resedimentation took place under the same climatic conditions as it is shown by syn sedimentary development of soil horizons and sesquioxide crusts. The factor analysis caused the following groups of elements: Ti, Nb, Zr and Cr: elements which occur mainly in heavy minerals ; Mn, Co, Ni and Cu: elements which are bound adsorptively at Mn and are concentrated in crusts with a high content of manganese ; Y and R.E.E.: elements which are attached to clayminerals ; Ca, Sr, Rb and Pb: elements which are bound at clayminerals. Iron could not be associated with one of these groups. As the five groups of elements are distributed characteristically in the units of the Nubia Group, a differentiation of the units is possible based on the dissamination of the elements.
    Description: thesis
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: ddc:551 ; Nubischer Sandstein ; Stratigraphie ; Geochemie ; Sedimentologie
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:book
    Format: 93
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Cahiers du Centre Européen de Géodynamique et de Séismologie ; 7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: Background: The determination of the plant-induced Fe-isotopic fractionation is a promising tool to better quantify their role in the geochemical Fe cycle and possibly to identify the physiological mechanisms of Fe uptake and translocation in plants. Here we explore the isotope fractionation caused by translocation of Fe during growth of bean and oat as representatives of strategy I and II plants. Methods: Plants were grown on a nutrient solution supplemented with Fe(III)-EDTA and harvested at three different ages. We used the technique of multi-collector ICP-MS to resolve the small differences in the stable iron isotope compositions of plants. Results: Total bean plants, regardless of their age, were found to be enriched in the light iron isotopes by -1.2‰ relative to the growth solution throughout. During growth plants internally redistributed isotopes where young leaves increasingly accumulated the lighter isotopes whereas older leaves and the total roots were simultaneously depleted in light iron isotopes. Oat plants were also enriched in the light iron isotopes but during growth the initial isotope ratio maintained in all organs at all growth stages. Conclusions: We conclude that isotope fractionation in bean as a representative of strategy I plants is a result of translocation or re-translocation processes. Furthermore we assume that both uptake and translocation of Fe in oat maintains the irons’ ferric state, or that Fe is always bound to high-mass ligands, so that isotope fractionation is virtually absent in these plants. However, in contrast to our previous study in which strategy II plants were grown on soil substrate, oat plants grown on Fe(III)-EDTA contain iron that enriches 54Fe by 0.5 permil over 56Fe. A possible explanation for the enrichment is the prevalence of a constitutive reductive uptake mechanism of iron in the nutrient solution used which is non-deficient in iron.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: Based on cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al analyses in 15 individual detrital quartz pebbles (16e21 mm) and cosmogenic 10Be in amalgamated medium sand (0.25e0.50 mm), all collected from the outlet of the upper Gaub River catchment in Namibia, quartz pebbles yield a substantially lower average denudation rate than those yielded by the amalgamated sand sample. 10Be and 26Al concentrations in the 15 indi- Accepted 9 April 2012 Available online xxx vidual pebbles span nearly two orders of magnitude (0.22 ± 0.01 to 20.74 ± 0.52 x 10 6 10 Be atoms g-1 and 1.35 ± 0.09 to 72.76 ± 2.04 x 106 26Al atoms g-1, respectively) and yield average denudation rates of w0.7 m Myr-1 (10Be) and w0.9 m Myr-1 (26Al). In contrast, the amalgamated sand yields an average Keywords: Beryllium-10 10Be concentration of 0.77 ± 0.03 x 106 atoms g-1, and an associated mean denudation rate of Aluminium-26 Neon-21 Cosmogenic nuclide Grain size bias Namibia 9.6 ± 1.1 m Myr-1, an order of magnitude greater than the rates obtained for the amalgamated pebbles. The inconsistency between the 10Be and 26Al in the pebbles and the 10Be in the amalgamated sand is likely due to the combined effect of differential sediment sourcing and longer sediment transport times for the pebbles compared to the sand-sized grains. The amalgamated sands leaving the catchment are an aggregate of grains originating from all quartz-bearing rocks in all parts of the catchment. Thus, the cosmogenic nuclide inventories of these sands record the overall average lowering rate of the landscape. The pebbles originate from quartz vein outcrops throughout the catchment, and the episodic erosion of the latter means that the pebbles will have higher nuclide inventories than the surrounding bedrock and soil, and therefore also higher than the amalgamated sand grains. The order-of-magnitude grain size bias observed in the Gaub has important implications for using cosmogenic nuclide abundances in deposi- tional surfaces because in arid environments, akin to our study catchment, pebble-sized clasts yield substantially underestimated palaeo-denudation rates. Our results highlight the importance of carefully considering geomorphology and grain size when interpreting cosmogenic nuclide data in depositional surfaces.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Berlin: Reimer
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar
    Publication Date: 2024-04-18
    Description: Anatektische Schmelzen haben bei der Entstehung granitischer bis dioritischer Magmen in der Erdkruste eine entscheidende Bedeutung. Die große Tiefe und breite Ausdehnung, in der sich sialische Granitisations-Prozesse vollziehen, bedingen aber auch die Seltenheit ihres Aufschlusses an der Erdoberfläche. An Stelle dieser Übergänge metamorph -〉 magmatisch in situ (ERDMANNSDÖRFFER, 1948) wurden daher stets die wesentlich kleinräumigeren Erscheinungen in Migmatiten untersucht. Man ging dabei von der Voraussetzung aus, daß diese als "Modell Systeme" anzusehen sind (MEHNERT, 1968/71). Die meisten geochemischen Untersuchungen zu diesem Thema berücksichtigten bisher nur die Hauptelemente. Angaben über Spurenelement-Konzentrationen basieren meist nur auf wenigen Einzelanalysen. Als Grundlage der hier vorgelegten Zusammenfassung geochemischer Daten zur Migmatitgenese dienten im wesentlichen die petrologischen Untersuchungen anatektischer Gesteine von MEHNERT und von BÜSCH (Zitate im Text). Diese Basis wurde durch Hinzunahme von neueren Literaturdaten erweitert. Die Analyse einer möglichst großen Anzahl von Einzelproben von Gneisen, Leukosomen und Melanosomen auf Haupt-, Neben- und Spurenelemente und die Berücksichtigung der Auswirkungen der Streuungen erbrachte neue Erkenntnisse…
    Description: thesis
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: ddc:552.4 ; ddc:551.9 ; Geochemie ; Migmatit ; Schwarzwald
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:book
    Format: 82
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Chemische und optische Analysen von Amphibolen der Sesia-Lanzo-Zone, nordöstlich des Val d'Ossola, Norditalien, bezeugen fünf verschiedene Amphibol-Serien, die sich vier verschiedenen Metamorphose-Ereignissen zuordnen lassen. Sowohl eine hochtemperierte präalpine Generation als auch die beiden alpinen Generationen zeigen, anhand ihrer chemischen Entwicklung, von Südosten nach Nordwesten steigende metamorphe Bedingungen an. Obwohl in anderen Gebieten nachweisbar, läßt sich eine Hochdruckparagenese in dem bearbeiteten Gebiet nicht belegen.
    Description: Abstract: Chemical and optical analyses for amphiboles of the Sesia-Lanzo Zone NEof the Val d'Ossola, Northern Italy, reveal five different Ca-amphibole series of two Alpine and two pre-Alpine metamorphic episodes. At least the three youngest display prograde evolution from SE to NW. The early Alpine high pressure mineral paragenesis, which is typical for the Sesia-Lanzo Zone Southwest of the studied area, is appararently absent in this region.
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:551.9 ; Geochemie ; Metamorphose ; Amphibole ; Italien
    Language: German
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The main objectives of this book are (i) to investigate the electrochemical behavior and the analytical performance of a novel ultramicroelectrode array (UMEA); (ii) to assess the analytical parameters of square-wave anodic stripping voltammetric measurements (SWASV) using the UMEA; and (iii) to estimate the potential of the UMEA in developing decentralised analytical equipments for the determination of trace concentrations of heavy metals in natural waters. Surface analytical techniques (SEM, ESEM, and AFM) showed that the UMEA chips are of high quality in manufacture. Cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric experiments proved that the electrochemical behavior of the UMEA is dominated by the features characteristic for single microelectrodes.Chronocoulometry was found to be the most suitable method in generating the Hg-film of good quality. A new UMEA chip could be plated at least ten times, corresponding to about 500 measurements of trace metals in synthetic aqueous solutions. Using SWASV, detection limits of 〈0.1 ï¿g/l could be achieved for the metals (Pb, Cd). Precision and accuracy were found to be approx +/-10% of RSD.In natural waters, the results obtained with the UMEA sensor showed a reasonably good agreement with HR-ICP-MS analyses. Different experimental parameters were optimised and investigated. Interferences (e.g., DOC) were significantly reduced through medium exchange and standard addition. Ultrasonic bath proved to be very efficient in resurfacing electrodes in laboratory.The UMEA sensor shows a great potential in developing a portable trace metal analyzer. However, for in situ and on-site measurements, the protection of the UMEA sensor from fouling seems to be inevitable. In order to achieve a pure microelectrode behavior with the UMEA, increasing the ratio of interelectrode distance to electrode diameter is recommended for further developments.
    Keywords: QC1-999 ; Schwermetall ; Geochemie ; Chemischer Sensor ; Elektrochemischer Sensor ; Mikroelektrode ; Sensor ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The Frontiers in Chemistry Editorial Office team are delighted to present the inaugural “Frontiers in Chemistry: Rising Stars” article collection, showcasing the high-quality work of internationally recognized researchers in the early stages of their independent careers. All Rising Star researchers featured within this collection were individually nominated by the Journal’s Chief Editors in recognition of their potential to influence the future directions in their respective fields. The work presented here highlights the diversity of research performed across the entire breadth of the chemical sciences, and presents advances in theory, experiment and methodology with applications to compelling problems. This Editorial features the corresponding author(s) of each paper published within this important collection, ordered by section alphabetically, highlighting them as the great researchers of the future. The Frontiers in Chemistry Editorial Office team would like to thank each researcher who contributed their work to this collection. We would also like to personally thank our Chief Editors for their exemplary leadership of this article collection; their strong support and passion for this important, community-driven collection has ensured its success and global impact.
    Keywords: Green and Sustainable Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry ; Theoretical and Computational Chemistry ; Polymer Chemistry ; Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry ; Nanoscience ; Catalysis and Photocatalysis ; Supramolecular Chemistry ; Electrochemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry ; Chemical Biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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