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APS News

American Physical Society

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4(5).1995 –

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Publisher: American Physical Society

Print ISSN: 1058-8132

Topics: Physics

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Physical Review Research / American Physical Society

American Physical Society

Online:

1(1).2019 –

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Publisher: American Physical Society

Electronic ISSN: 2643-1564

Topics: Physics

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Meetings / American Physical Society

American Physical Society

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1995 –

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Publisher: American Physical Society

Topics: Physics

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Magnitude-dependent epidemic-type aftershock sequences model for earthquakes (2020)

Spassiani, Ilaria ; Sebastiani, Giovanni

American Physical Society

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Publication Date: 2020-10-16

Description: We propose a version of the pure temporal epidemic type aftershock sequences (ETAS) model: the ETAS model with correlated magnitudes. As for the standard case, we assume the Gutenberg-Richter law to be the probability density for the magnitudes of the background events. Instead, the magnitude of the triggered shocks is assumed to be probabilistically dependent on that of the relative mother events. This probabilistic dependence is motivated by some recent works in the literature and by the results of a statistical analysis made on some seismic catalogs [Spassiani and Sebastiani, J. Geophys. Res. 121, 903 (2016)10.1002/2015JB012398]. On the basis of the experimental evidences obtained in the latter paper for the real catalogs, we theoretically derive the probability density function for the magnitudes of the triggered shocks proposed in Spassiani and Sebastiani and there used for the analysis of two simulated catalogs. To this aim, we impose a fundamental condition: averaging over all the magnitudes of the mother events, we must obtain again the Gutenberg-Richter law. This ensures the validity of this law at any event's generation when ignoring past seismicity. The ETAS model with correlated magnitudes is then theoretically analyzed here. In particular, we use the tool of the probability generating function and the Palm theory, in order to derive an approximation of the probability of zero events in a small time interval and to interpret the results in terms of the interevent time between consecutive shocks, the latter being a very useful random variable in the assessment of seismic hazard.

Description: Published

Description: 042134

Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto

Description: JCR Journal

Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Type: article

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Ecogenomic perspectives on domains of unknown function: correlation-based exploration of marine metagenomes (2013)

Buttigieg, Pier Luigi ; Hankeln, Wolfgang ; Kostadinov, Ivaylo ; [et al.]

Public Library of Science

In: EPIC3PLoS One, Public Library of Science, 8(3)

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Publication Date: 2020-02-12

Description: Background The proportion of conserved DNA sequences with no clear function is steadily growing in bioinformatics databases. Studies of sequence and structural homology have indicated that many uncharacterized protein domain sequences are variants of functionally described domains. If these variants promote an organism's ecological fitness, they are likely to be conserved in the genome of its progeny and the population at large. The genetic composition of microbial communities in their native ecosystems is accessible through metagenomics. We hypothesize the co-variation of protein domain sequences across metagenomes from similar ecosystems will provide insights into their potential roles and aid further investigation. Methodology/Principal findings We calculated the correlation of Pfam protein domain sequences across the Global Ocean Sampling metagenome collection, employing conservative detection and correlation thresholds to limit results to well-supported hits and associations. We then examined intercorrelations between domains of unknown function (DUFs) and domains involved in known metabolic pathways using network visualization and cluster-detection tools. We used a cautious “guilty-by-association” approach, referencing knowledge-level resources to identify and discuss associations that offer insight into DUF function. We observed numerous DUFs associated to photobiologically active domains and prevalent in the Cyanobacteria. Other clusters included DUFs associated with DNA maintenance and repair, inorganic nutrient metabolism, and sodium-translocating transport domains. We also observed a number of clusters reflecting known metabolic associations and cases that predicted functional reclassification of DUFs. Conclusion/Significance Critically examining domain covariation across metagenomic datasets can grant new perspectives on the roles and associations of DUFs in an ecological setting. Targeted attempts at DUF characterization in the laboratory or in silico may draw from these insights and opportunities to discover new associations and corroborate existing ones will arise as more large-scale metagenomic datasets emerge.

Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Type: Article , peerRev

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Analysis of self-organised criticality in the Olami-Feder-Christensen model and in real earthquakes (2007)

Caruso, F. ; Pluchino, A. ; Latora, V. ; [et al.]

American Physical Society

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Publication Date: 2017-04-04

Description: We perform an analysis on the dissipative Olami-Feder-Christensen model on a small world topology considering avalanche size differences. We show that when criticality appears, the probability density functions (PDFs) for the avalanche size differences at different times have fat tails with a q-Gaussian shape. This behavior does not depend on the time interval adopted and is found also when considering energy differences between real earthquakes. Such a result can be analytically understood if the sizes (released energies) of the avalanches (earthquakes) have no correlations. Our findings support the hypothesis that a self-organized criticality mechanism with long-range interactions is at the origin of seismic events and indicate that it is not possible to predict the magnitude of the next earthquake knowing those of the previous ones.

Description: Published

Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce

Description: JCR Journal

Description: reserved

Keywords: SOC, earthquakes interaction ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.04. Statistical analysis

Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Type: article

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