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  • Institute of Physics (IOP)  (12,834)
  • 2015-2019  (12,834)
  • 1995-1999
  • 2017  (12,834)
  • 1999
Collection
Publisher
Years
  • 2015-2019  (12,834)
  • 1995-1999
Year
  • 1
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    Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Simulation with the SPH Method (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: Steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) is very popular in many branches of civil engineering. Thanks to its increased ductility, it is able to resist various types of loading. When designing a structure, the mechanical behaviour of SFRC can be described by currently available material models (with equivalent material for example) and therefore no problems arise with numerical simulations. But in many scenarios, e.g. high speed loading, it would be a mistake to use such an equivalent material. Physical modelling of the steel fibres used in concrete is usually problematic, though. It is necessary to consider the fact that mesh-based methods are very unsuitable for high-speed simulations with regard to the issues that occur due to the effect of excessive mesh deformation. So-called meshfree methods are much more suitable for this purpose. The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is currently the best choice, thanks to its advantages. However, a numerical defect known as ten...
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  • 2
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    Transverse Resonant Vibration of Non-Bearing Structures Caused by Wind (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: Nowadays, there are increasing use of very thin, subtle and light structures in the field of building constructions. We can find such a structures as part of roofs or design facades. By using these lamellas like, non-bearing structures as a part of architectural design of buildings, it is necessary to consider wind effects on these structures. Subtle structures of this type are prone to vibration in the transverse direction of the wind flow. The fact that the vibration occurs depends on wind parameters (wind velocity, direction of an air flow) and it also depends on the properties of lamella (shape, length, mass, natural frequency, support type). The principal idea of this article is to show susceptibility of lamellae-like structures to transverse resonant vibration caused by the phenomenon called Von Karman effect. Comparison of susceptibility to transverse resonance vibration was analysed on the different shapes of lamellas loaded by different wind speed. Analysis was based on...
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  • 3
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    Modelling of Asphalt Concrete Stiffness in the Linear Viscoelastic Region (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: Stiffness modulus is a fundamental parameter used in the modelling of the viscoelastic behaviour of bituminous mixtures. On the basis of the master curve in the linear viscoelasticity range, the mechanical properties of asphalt concrete at different loading times and temperatures can be predicted. This paper discusses the construction of master curves under rheological mathematical models i.e. the sigmoidal function model (MEPDG), the fractional model, and Bahia and co-workers’ model in comparison to the results from mechanistic rheological models i.e. the generalized Huet-Sayegh model, the generalized Maxwell model and the Burgers model. For the purposes of this analysis, the reference asphalt concrete mix (denoted as AC16W) intended for the binder coarse layer and for traffic category KR3 (5×105
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  • 4
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    Analysis of Within-Test Variability of Non-Destructive Test Methods to Evaluate Compressive Strength of Normal Vibrated and Self-Compacting Concretes (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: Non-destructive tests (NDT) have been used in the last decades for the assessment of in-situ quality and integrity of concrete elements. An important step in the application of NDT methods concerns to the interpretation and validation of the test results. In general, interpretation of NDT results should involve three distinct phases leading to the development of conclusions: processing of collected data, analysis of within-test variability and quantitative evaluation of property under investigation. The analysis of within-test variability can provide valuable information, since this can be compared with that of within-test variability associated with the NDT method in use, either to provide a measure of the quality control or to detect the presence of abnormal circumstances during the in-situ application. This paper reports the analysis of the experimental results of within-test variability of NDT obtained for normal vibrated concrete and self-compacting concrete. The NDT report...
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  • 5
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    Improvement of Dimensional Accuracy of 3-D Printed Parts using an Additive/Subtractive Based Hybrid Prototyping Approach (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: At present, two important processes, namely CNC machining and rapid prototyping (RP) are being used to create prototypes and functional products. Combining both additive and subtractive processes into a single platform would be advantageous. However, there are two important aspects need to be taken into consideration for this process hybridization. First is the integration of two different control systems for two processes and secondly maximizing workpiece alignment accuracy during the changeover step. Recently we have developed a new hybrid system which incorporates Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) as RP Process and CNC grinding operation as subtractive manufacturing process into a single setup. Several objects were produced with different layer thickness for example 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm and 0.2 mm. It was observed that pure FDM method is unable to attain desired dimensional accuracy and can be improved by a considerable margin about 66% to 80%, if finishing operation by grinding is...
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  • 6
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    Flip-Chip Bonding Fabrication Technique (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Military systems, outer space exploration and even in medical diagnosis and treatment used magnetic field detection. Low magnetic field detection is particularly important in tracking of magnetic. Traditional magnetometer tends to be bulky that hinders its inclusion into micro-scaled environment. This concern has brought the magnetometer into the trend of device miniaturization. Miniaturized magnetometer is usually fabricated using conventional microfabrication method particularly surface micromachining in which micro structures are built level by level starting from the surface of substrates upwards until completion of final structure. Although the miniaturization of magnetometer has been widely researched and studied, the process however is not. Thus, the process governing the fabrication technique is studied in this paper. Conventional method of fabrication is known as surface micromachining. Besides time consuming, this method requires many consecutive steps in fabricati...
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  • 7
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    Modelling and Simulation Analysis of Rolling Motion of Spherical Robot (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: This paper presents the findings of modelling, control and analysis of the spherical rolling robot based on pendulum driven within the simulation environment. The spherical robot is modelled using Lagrange function based on the equation of rolling motion. PD-type Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) was designed to control the position of the spherical robot where 25 rules were constructed to control the rolling motion of spherical robot. It was then integrated with the model developed in Simulink-Matlab environment. The output scaling factor (output gain) of the FLC was heuristically tuned to improve the system performance. The simulation results show that the FLC managed to eliminate the overshoot response and demonstrated better performance with 29.67% increasing in settling time to reach 0.01% of steady state error.
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  • 8
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    Optimized Vibration Chamber for Landslide Sensory and Alarm System (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Landslide is one of natural hazard that is not unfamiliar disaster in Malaysia. Malaysia has experienced this disaster many times since 1969. This natural hazard has become a major research concern for Malaysian government when many people were injured badly and even had been killed. Many previous research works published in the open literature aimed at designing a system that could detect landslide in early stage before the landslide becomes catastrophic. This paper presents the early works on a major work-in-progress landslide early warning system for Malaysian environment. The aim of this system is to develop the most efficiently reliable cost-effective system in which slight earth movements are monitored continuously. The challenge this work aims at is to work with a low budget system that produces efficient performance. Hence, the material used is off-the-shelf. Early design optimization results of the vibration sensor used is quite promising detecting the slightest faint t...
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  • 9
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    Effects of Coil Diameter in Thickness Measurement Using Pulsed Eddy Current Non-destructive Testing (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques are used in industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component or structure without causing any permanent damage. Among the techniques, pulsed eddy current (PEC) NDT is regarded as a new technique where a broadband pulse excitation is used, as opposed to single frequencies employed in conventional eddy current NDT. In this study, a 2D axisymmetric electromagnetic model of a PEC probe has been developed and it has been used to study the effects of the excitation coil diameter on the performance of PEC probes in sample thickness measurement. A PEC system has also been built to validate the model. Aluminium plates are used as the sample and they can be stacked up to replicate thickness from 1 mm to 10 mm. The results show that there is a very good correlation between the simulation and experimental results, with an average error of less than 10%. The results also suggest that the larger the diameter of the excitation coil, the deep...
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  • 10
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    An Experimental Design of Bypass Magneto-Rheological (MR) damper (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: The magnetorheological (MR) fluid bypass damper fluid flow through a bypass by utilizing an external channel which allows the controllability of MR fluid in the channel. The Bypass MR damper (BMRD) contains a rectangular bypass flow channel, current controlled movable piston shaft arrangement and MR fluid. The static piston coil case is winding by a coil which is used inside the piston head arrangement. The current controlled coil case provides a magnetic flux through the BMRD cylinder for controllability. The high strength of alloy steel materials are used for making piston shaft which allows magnetic flux propagation throughout the BMRD cylinder. Using the above design materials, a Bypass MR damper is designed and tested. An excitation of current is applied during the experiment which characterizes the BMRD controllability. It is shown that the BMRD with external flow channel allows a high controllable damping force using an excitation current. The experimental result of dampi...
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  • 11
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    Review of the Air-Coupled Impact-Echo Method for Non-Destructive Testing (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: The article presents the general idea of Air-Coupled Impact-Echo (ACIE) method which is one of the non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques used in the construction industry. One of the main advantages of the general Impact Echo (IE) method is that it is sufficient to access from one side to that of the structure which greatly facilitate research in the road facilities or places which are difficult to access and diagnose. The main purpose of the article is to present state-of-the-art related to ACIE method based on the publications available at Thomson Reuters Web of Science Core Collection database (WOS) with the further analysis of the mentioned methods. Deeper analysis was also performed for the newest publications published within last 3 years related to ACIE for investigation on the subject of main focus of the researchers and scientists to try to define possible regions where additional examination and work is necessary. One of the main conclusions that comes from the perf...
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  • 12
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    Estimation of Frost Resistance of the Tile Adhesive on a Cement Based with Application of Amorphous Aluminosilicates as a Modifying Additive (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: In the article given information on the possibility of using amorphous aluminosilicates as a modifying additive in the offered tile cement adhesive. In the article, the data on the preparation of an additive based on amorphous aluminosilicates, on its microstructure and chemical composition. Presented information on the change in the porosity of cement stone when introduced of amorphous aluminosilicates in the his composition. The formulation of a dry building mix on a cement base is proposed with use of an additive based on amorphous aluminosilicates as a modifying additive. Recipe of dry adhesive mixes include Portland cement M400, mineral aggregate in proportion fraction 0.63-0.315:0.315-0.14 respectively 80:20 (%) and filling density of 1538.2 kg/m 3 , a plasticizer Kratasol, redispersible powder Neolith P4400 and amorphous alumnosilicates. The developed formulation can be used as a tile adhesive for finishing walls of buildings and structure with tiles. Presented r...
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  • 13
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    Impact of High Temperature Creep on the Buckling of Axially Compressed Steel Members (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: The paper presents results of the laboratory tests of the impact of creep on the buckling of axially compressed steel members at elevated temperatures. Tests were conducted on samples prepared of normal strength steel (S235JR) and high strength steel (S355J2). Samples were made in the form of a prismatic bar of a rectangular cross section 12 x 30 mm and a length of 500 mm. Support type of the specimens during tests was hinged on both ends. The tests were done at 600, 700 and 800°C. Experiments were carried out at static loads corresponding to values 0,8N cr,T , 0,9N cr,T , 1,0N gr,T , where N cr,T was theoretical value of Euler’s critical load at given temperature. Short-term creep analyses were performed in the universal testing machine Instron/Satec KN 600 equipped with a furnace for high-temperature testing type SF-16 2230, that enables testing at temperatures up to 1200°C. Temperature of the sample placed inside the furnace was verified a...
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  • 14
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    Formal and Legal Aspects of Buying and Commissioning Flats (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: Formal and legal aspects of buying flats and their reception is very current topic and touches wide group of buyers. Annually in Poland great amount of flats is being sold and put to use. However, the case of housing purchase requires knowledge of both the construction and the legal aspects each buyer has to encounter. The paper faces the subject of formal and legal aspects, and analyses accompanying procedure of purchase and reception of housing in Poland. The article presents principles associated with the acquisition of a dwelling, process of works reception, removal of detected faults, fault-free reception, transfer of ownership, warranties, guarantees and possibilities of their enforcement. Contracting parties of the developer agreement were revealed. In addition, the entities present in the course of works such as general contractor were mentioned, due to the fact of his direct influence on the results of a contract terms between developer and buyer. Logical connection bet...
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  • 15
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    Degradation and Reinforcement of Industrial Gas Tank Support Structures. Thirty-Year Long Monitoring (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: An analysis of reinforced concrete supporting structures of more than a dozen liquid gas tanks mounted on tower support structures located at different sites on Poland’s territory is presented. Stability testing of the degraded structures was carried out over a period of 30 years and pointed out significant defects that prevented safe operation of the tanks containing hazardous medium. Analysing complex stress states, as well as displacements of shell structure components, the authors developed a concept of strengthening the structures. Initial repair works, which had been carried out without proper supervision, failed to meet the mandatory requirements and were not compatible with the original design solutions. After several years of operation of the reinforced structures, their degradation states were assessed again. The next stage of repair works was carried out under the supervision of the authors together with authorized representatives of the investors.
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  • 16
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    Evaluation Aspects of Building Structures Reconstructed After a Failure or Catastrophe (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: The article presents the characteristics of several steel structures, among others modernized industrial dye house, school sports hall, truck repair workshop, that have been rebuilt after a disaster or a catastrophe. The structures were analyzed in detail, and the evaluation and reconstruction processes were described. The emergencies that occurred during exploitation of the buildings were the result of multiple mistakes: incorrectly defined intervals between inspections, errors during periodic inspections, incorrect repair work recommendations. The concepts of reinforcement work implemented by the authors, enabling the long-term future failure-free operation of the objects, were presented. Recommendations for monitoring of the facilities, applied after reinforcement or reconstruction, have been formulated. The methodology for the implementation of specialized investigations, such as geodetic, optical, geological, chemical strength tests, both destructive and non-destructive, ha...
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  • 17
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    Laboratory Tests of Adhesion of Steel Bars to Ordinary and Frozen Concrete (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: The issue of adhesion of steel to concrete is one of decisive features characterising reinforced concrete. Adhesion constraints to concrete are simplistically presented with shear stress evenly distributed on the side surface of reinforcement. However, an exact value of this stress depends on many factors and its estimation is very complicated. There is a lot of laboratory methods aimed at testing adhesion of the reinforcement to concrete but they frequently give different results. Sometimes, they are even contrary. In this paper, the state of knowledge on the steel-concrete adhesion, mechanism of its loss, and factors influencing it were reviewed. Own tests were conducted with two methods, pull-out and push-on, aimed at reflecting the operation of reinforced concrete structure and specifying the chemical adhesion, as well as the friction force of the reinforcement to concrete. The impact of the freeze-thaw cycle on this process was also studied. The interfacial transitio...
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  • 18
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    Miniaturized Water Flow and Level Monitoring System for Flood Disaster Early Warning (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: This study presents the performance of a prototype miniaturised water flow and water level monitoring sensor designed towards supporting flood disaster early warning systems. The design involved selection of sensors, coding to control the system mechanism, and automatic data logging and storage. During the design phase, the apparatus was constructed where all the components were assembled using locally sourced items. Subsequently, under controlled laboratory environment, the system was tested by running water through the inlet during which the flow rate and rising water levels are automatically recorded and stored in a database via Microsoft Excel using Coolterm software. The system is simulated such that the water level readings measured in centimeters is output in meters using a multiplicative of 10. A total number of 80 readings were analyzed to evaluate the performance of the system. The result shows that the system is sensitive to water level rise and yielded accurate measu...
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  • 19
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    Crossing Phenomena in Overhead Line Equipment (OHLE) Structure in 3D Space Considering Soil-Structure Interaction (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: Nowadays, the electric train becomes one of the efficient railway systems that are lighter, cleaner, quieter, cheaper and faster than a conventional train. Overhead line equipment (OHLE), which supplies electric power to the trains, is designed on the principle of overhead wires placed over the railway track. The OHLE is supported by mast structure which located at the lineside along the track. Normally, mast structure is a steel column or truss structure which supports the overhead wire carrying the power. Due to the running train and severe periodic force, such as an earthquake, in surrounding area may cause damage to the OHLE structure especially mast structure which leads to the failure of the electrical system. The mast structure needs to be discussed in order to resist the random forces. Due to the vibration effect, the natural frequencies of the structure are necessary. This is because when the external applied force occurs within a range of frequency of the structure, re...
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  • 20
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    Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) Model based on Clinical Data Measurement towards Quantitative Evaluation of Upper Limb Spasticity (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Spasticity is common symptom presented amongst people with sensorimotor disabilities. Imbalanced signals from the central nervous systems (CNS) which are composed of the brain and spinal cord to the muscles ultimately leading to the injury and death of motor neurons. In clinical practice, the therapist assesses muscle spasticity using a standard assessment tool like Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Modified Tardiue Scale (MTS) or Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). This is done subjectively based on the experience and perception of the therapist subjected to the patient fatigue level and body posture. However, the inconsistency in the assessment is prevalent and could affect the efficacy of the rehabilitation process. Thus, the aim of this paper is to describe the methodology of data collection and the quantitative model of MAS developed to satisfy its description. Two subjects with MAS of 2 and 3 spasticity levels were involved in the clinical data measurement. Their level of spasticity...
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  • 21
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    Peer review statement (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.
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  • 22
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    Assistive-as-Needed Strategy for Upper-Limb Robotic Systems: An Initial Survey (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Stroke is amongst the leading causes of deprivation of one’s ability in carrying out activities of daily living. It has been reported from literature that, the functional recovery of stroke patients are rather poor, unless frequent rehabilitative therapy is assumed on the affected limb. Recent trends of rehabilitation therapy have also shifted towards allowing more participation of the patient in the therapy session rather than simple passive treatments as it has been demonstrated to be non-trivial in promoting neural plasticity to expedite motor recovery process. Therefore, the employment of rehabilitation robotics is seen as a means of mitigating the limitations of conventional rehabilitation therapy. It enables unique methods for promoting patient engagement by providing patients assistance only as needed basis. This paper attempts on reviewing assist-as-needed control strategy applied on upper-limb robotic rehabilitation devices.
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  • 23
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    Usage of Crushed Concrete Fines in Decorative Concrete (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: The article is devoted to the questions of usage of crushed concrete fines from concrete scrap for the production of high-quality decorative composite materials based on mixed binder. The main problem in the application of crushed concrete in the manufacture of decorative concrete products is extremely low decorative properties of crushed concrete fines itself, as well as concrete products based on them. However, crushed concrete fines could have a positive impact on the structure of the concrete matrix and could improve the environmental and economic characteristics of the concrete products. Dust fraction of crushed concrete fines contains non-hydrated cement grains, which can be opened in screening process due to the low strength of the contact zone between the hydrated and non-hydrated cement. In addition, the screening process could increase activity of the crushed concrete fines, so it can be used as a fine aggregate and filler for concrete mixes. Previous studies have show...
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  • 24
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    Slope Reinforcement with the Utilization of the Coal Waste Anthropogenic Material (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: The protection of the environment, including waste management, is one of the pillars of the policy of the Europe. The application which is presented in that paper tries to show a trans-disciplinary way to design geotechnical constructions – slope stability analysis. The generally accepted principles that the author presents are numerous modelling patterns of earth retaining walls as slope stabilization system. The paper constitutes an attempt to summarise and generalise earlier researches which involved FEM numeric procedures and the Z_Soil package. The design of anthropogenic soil used as a material for reinforced earth retaining walls, are not only of commercial but of environmental importance as well and consistent with the concept of sustainable development and the need to redevelop brownfield. This paper tries to show conceptual and empirical modelling approaches to slope stability system used in anthropogenic soil formation such as heaps, resulting from mining, with a spec...
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    The effect of electrohydrodynamic force on the lift coefficient of a NACA 0015 airfoil (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Lift, the force component that is perpendicular to the line of flight, is generated when a small aircraft moves through the air. With the help of the sets of flaps and slats on its wing, the pilot controls his aircraft manoeuvring in the air. In this study, we preferred to cut the drawbacks of the flaps system by introducing the electrohydrodynamic actuator. Widely known as plasma actuator, it is able to improve the induced lift force as well as the efficiency of a small aircraft system. A dielectric-barrier-discharge actuator using a 6 kV AC power supply was developed and tested on a NACA 0015 airfoil using copper as the electrodes and kapton as its dielectric component. The experimental results showed that it was successful in presenting a positive effect of the plasma actuator on the lift coefficient of the airfoil at smaller angle of attack, where enhancements ranged between 0.7% and 1.8%. However, at a higher angle, the results were not as swayed as it was desired since the...
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    Real-time Human Activity Recognition (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: The traditional Closed-circuit Television (CCTV) system requires human to monitor the CCTV for 24/7 which is inefficient and costly. Therefore, there’s a need for a system which can recognize human activity effectively in real-time. This paper concentrates on recognizing simple activity such as walking, running, sitting, standing and landing by using image processing techniques. Firstly, object detection is done by using background subtraction to detect moving object. Then, object tracking and object classification are constructed so that different person can be differentiated by using feature detection. Geometrical attributes of tracked object, which are centroid and aspect ratio of identified tracked are manipulated so that simple activity can be detected.
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    Rapid lard identification with portable electronic nose (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Human sensory systems are limited in many different regards, yet they are great sources of inspiration for development of technologies that help humans to overcome their restraints. This paper signifies the capability of our developed electronic nose in rapid lard identification. The developed device, known as E-Nose, mimics human’s olfactory system’s technique to identify a particular substance. Lard is a common pig derivative which is often used as a food additive, emulsion or shortening. It’s also commonly used as an adulterant or as an alternative for cooking oils, margarine and butter. This substance is prohibited to be consumed by Muslims and Orthodox Jews for religious reasons. A portable reliable device with an ability to identify lard rapidly can be convenient to users concerned about lard adulteration. The prototype was examined using K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Bagged Trees and Simple Tree, and can identify lard with the highest ...
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    Design and analysis of planar spiral resonator bandstop filter for microwave frequency (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: In microwave frequency, a spiral resonator can act as either frequency reject or acceptor circuits. A planar logarithmic spiral resonator bandstop filter has been developed based on this property. This project focuses on the rejection property of the spiral resonator. The performance analysis of the exhibited filter circuit has been performed by using scattering parameters (S-parameters) technique in the ultra-wideband microwave frequency. The proposed filter is built, simulated and S-parameters analysis have been accomplished by using electromagnetic simulation software CST microwave studio. The commercial microwave substrate Taconic TLX-8 has been used to build this filter. Experimental results showed that the -10 dB rejection bandwidth of the filter is 2.32 GHz and central frequency is 5.72 GHz which is suitable for ultra-wideband applications. The proposed design has been full of good compliance with the simulated and experimental results here.
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    Determining the Time of Flight and Speed of Sound on Different types of Edible Oil (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Edible oil is most often plant-based oils that have been extracted from various seeds. There are cases where the fully virgin edible oil was found to be a fraud. The adulterated edible oil indicates the intentional, fraudulent addition of extraneous, improper or cheaper ingredients puts into the oil or the dilution or removal of some valuable ingredient of the oil in order to increase profits. Hence, decrease the reliability of the Malaysian food product quality. This research was done by using the method of time of flight obtained using the Texas Instrument board, TDC1000-TDC7200 EVM connected to an ultrasonic transducer with 1 MHz frequency. The authors measured the time of flight and temperatures controlled from 20°C to 40°C of five vegetable oils (olive oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, coconut oil, and mustard oil). The value is observed and compared with other research from the literature review. From the study, time of flight values decreases exponentially while speed of soun...
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    Control of cooperative manipulators in holding deformable objects (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: This paper presents the implementation of a control system to control cooperative manipulators to hold deformable objects. The aim is to hold the deformable object without having information on the shape and stiffness of the deformable object beforehand. The prototype of a pair of manipulators has been designed and built to test the controller. A force sensor and a rotary encoder are used to give feedback to the controller, which controls the DC motor actuators accordingly. A position proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller technique has been applied for one of the manipulators and a PID force control technique is applied to the other. Simulations and experimental tests have been conducted on models and the controller has been implemented on the real plant. Both simulation and test results prove that the implemented control technique has successfully provided the desired position and force to hold the deformable object with maximum experimental errors of 0.34mm and 50m...
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    Traffic intensity monitoring using multiple object detection with traffic surveillance cameras (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Object detection and tracking is a field of research that has many applications in the current generation with increasing number of cameras on the streets and lower cost for Internet of Things(IoT). In this paper, a traffic intensity monitoring system is implemented based on the Macroscopic Urban Traffic model is proposed using computer vision as its source. The input of this program is extracted from a traffic surveillance camera which has another program running a neural network classification which can identify and differentiate the vehicle type is implanted. The neural network toolbox is trained with positive and negative input to increase accuracy. The accuracy of the program is compared to other related works done and the trends of the traffic intensity from a road is also calculated. relevant articles in literature searches, great care should be taken in constructing both. Lastly the limitation and the future work is concluded.
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    Speech to Text Translation for Malay Language (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: The speech recognition system is a front end and a back-end process that receives an audio signal uttered by a speaker and converts it into a text transcription. The speech system can be used in several fields including: therapeutic technology, education, social robotics and computer entertainments. In most cases in control tasks, which is the purpose of proposing our system, wherein the speed of performance and response concern as the system should integrate with other controlling platforms such as in voiced controlled robots. Therefore, the need for flexible platforms, that can be easily edited to jibe with functionality of the surroundings, came to the scene; unlike other software programs that require recording audios and multiple training for every entry such as MATLAB and Phoenix. In this paper, a speech recognition system for Malay language is implemented using Microsoft Visual Studio C#. 90 (ninety) Malay phrases were tested by 10 (ten) speakers from both genders in diff...
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    The Effect of Electrical Stimulation in Improving Muscle Tone (Clinical) (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-08
    Description: Electrical stimulation (ES) and also known as neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) involves the use of electrical current to stimulate the nerves or nerve endings that innervate muscle beneath the skin. Electrical stimulation may be applied superficially on the skin (transcutaneously) or directly into a muscle or muscles (intramuscularly) for the primary purpose of enhancing muscle function. The basic theoretical premise is that if the peripheral nerve can be stimulated, the resulting excitation impulse will be transmitted along the nerve to the motor endplates in the muscle, producing a muscle contraction. In this work, the effect of mere electrical stimulation to the muscle bulk and strength are tested. This paper explains how electrical stimulation can affect the muscle bulk, muscle size, muscle tone, muscle atrophy and muscle strength. The experiment and data collection are performed on 5 subjects and the results obtaine...
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    Determining the Environmental Benefits of Ultra High Performance Concrete as a Bridge Construction Material (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a material that is attracting attention in the construction industry due to the high mechanical strength and durability, leading to structures having low maintenance requirements. The production of UHPC, however, has generally higher environmental impact than normal strength concrete due to the increased demand of cement required in the concrete mix. What is still not sufficiently investigated, is if the longer lifetime, slimmer construction and lower maintenance requirements lead to a net environmental benefit compared to standard concrete bridge design. This study utilizes life cycle assessment (LCA) to determine the lifetime impacts of two comparable highway crossing footbridges spanning 40 meters, designed respectively with UHPC and normal strength concrete. The results of the study show that UHPC is an effective material for reducing lifetime emissions from construction and maintenance of long lasting infrastructure, as the UHPC des...
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    Public Space in Barcelona (1992-2017) - Evolution and Case Studies (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: The construction of the public space has become in the last decades something so important and fundamental in the architecture of the cities, that requires a specific discipline and a concrete study that evaluates the characteristics and actions on it. Not already from an urbanistic perspective but from its own design and constructive perspective, with its character as a place for everyone and for everything, must gather a series of elements that are unique to this space. Barcelona is one of the densest cities in the world that, since the end of the s. XX until our days, tries to solve the public space with a design of quality and optimum. The shortage of public space, which also hosts more than eight million tourists each year, makes it necessary to propose a type of meticulous intervention in order to accommodate all types of users and activities. From the first Universal Exhibition of 1888 through 1929 to the 1992 Olympics as the most important stimulus for this renewal of ur...
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    Implementation of Digital Signature Using Aes and Rsa Algorithms as a Security in Disposition System af Letter (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: Activities correspondence is often used by agencies or companies, so that institutions or companies set up a special division to handle issues related to the letter management. Most of the distribution of letters using electronic media, then the letter should be kept confidential in order to avoid things that are not desirable. Techniques that can be done to meet the security aspect is by using cryptography or by giving a digital signature. The addition of asymmetric and symmetric algorithms, i.e. RSA and AES algorithms, on the digital signature had been done in this study to maintain data security. The RSA algorithm was used during the process of giving digital signature, while the AES algorithm was used during the process of encoding a message that will be sent to the receiver. Based on the research can be concluded that the additions of AES and RSA algorithms on the digital signature meet four objectives of cryptography: Secrecy, Data Integrity, Authentication and Non-repudia...
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    Frequency Drift Rate Investigation of Solar Radio Burst Type II Due to Coronal Mass Ejections Occurrence on 4 th November 2015 Captured by CALLISTO at Sumedang-Indonesia (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: The formations type of solar radio bursts can be known base on the frequency range that is detected. The CALLISTO system works with a wide band of the frequency making it possible to detect several types of solar burst. Indonesia exactly at Sumedang, CALLISTO system detected the formation of solar radio bursts forms of type II for the first time on 5 November 2014. On the other side, CALLISTO spectrometer detects and traces the phenomenon of CME (Coronal Mass Ejections) which causes the solar radio burst type II occurrence. In this paper will be calculated frequency drift rate during the occurrence of solar radio bursts of type II phenomenon on 4th November 2015 at 03:30 UT. The results of these calculations will be discussed as a related study of drift rate during the phenomenon of burst type II radio bursts associated with CME. The obtained drift rate during the solar radio bursts events above 2.8 MHz / s with low drift rate so that the speed of the CME that occurred only abou...
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    Solar Radio Burst Data Processing of CALLISTO and Frequency Drift Rate Determination of Solar Radio Burst Detected by CALLISTO Network in Indonesia (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: Space Science Center of Indonesian Institute of Aeronautics and Space called LAPAN has installed several solar radio receivers named CALLISTO in various parts of Indonesia. The equipment has made some solar radio observational data which is indicate solar radio burst since its operation. All of the observational data stored in the file format of Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) which is the raw data. Therefore, it is required a such kind of related data processing to produce a data that can be used for further research. In this paper will discuss how the observational data of CALLISTO could be generated included the information of data format, CALLISTO data processing techniques used in these activities as well as some of the data processing based on data indicating solar radio bursts. As the results, a map of solar radio spectrum as spectrograph profiles and some determinations of frequency drift base on the data will also be discussed in this paper.
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    Formation of a diffusion-based intermetallic interface layer in friction stir welded dissimilar Al-Cu lap joints (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: The joining of dissimilar metals is an important issue in modern lightweight design. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is suitable for this task since the solidus temperature is usually not exceeded during the process. As a consequence, dissimilar joints can be produced with a minimum of deteriorating intermetallic phases. The latest studies showed the formation of intermetallic layers at the bonding interface with no significant negative influence on the seam quality. In this study, those intermetallic nanolayers at the interface of aluminium / copper lap joints were analysed. For the experiments, the commercially pure alloys EN AW-1050 and CW008A were chosen. The process temperature changed with respect to the parameter setup and was measured at different locations of the seam. The intermetallic layers at the interface were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The experiments show that the thickness of the interlayer cl...
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    A numerical and experimental comparison of test methods for the shear strength in hybrid metal/thermoplastic-compounds (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: The lap shear test is a common method for determining the interlaminar shear strength of material compounds due to its simplicity with regard to specimen production and experimental realization. However, the obtained results strongly depend on the material pairing and the specimen geometry, which have a significant influence to the stress state within the interface during the experiment. A torsion test method using butt-bonded hollow cylinders seems more appropriate due to the expected more homogeneous shear stress distribution. The aim of this work is to compare both testing methods by experimental and numerical investigations. A comparative study with thermally joined aluminum-polyamide hybrid compounds was performed. The corresponding simulations were carried out with the commercial FE-software Abaqus™, using a user defined material model for the thermoplastic joining partner and the built-in cohesive behavior contact property for modelling interfacial damage.
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    Application of Biomass from Palm Oil Mill for Organic Rankine Cycle to Generate Power in North Sumatera Indonesia (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: Due to increasing oil and gas demand with the depletion of fossil resources in the current situation make efficient energy systems and alternative energy conversion processes are urgently needed. With the great potential of resources in Indonesia, make biomass has been considered as one of major potential fuel and renewable resource for the near future. In this paper, the potential of palm oil mill waste as a bioenergy source has been investigated. An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) small scale power plant has been preliminary designed to generate electricity. The working fluid candidates for the ORC plant based on the heat source temperature domains have been investigated. The ORC system with a regenerator has higher thermal efficiency than the basic ORC system. The study demonstrates the technical feasibility of ORC solutions in terms of resources optimizations and reducing of greenhouse gas emissions.
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    Modeling of Sedimentation Process in the Irrigation Channel (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: Irrigation has been a central feature of agriculture for over 5,000 years and is the method in which water is supplied to plants at regular intervals for agriculture. Channel irrigation allows irrigation over large areas, with large volumes of water. The content of the water in channel from the river generally contain a lot of material that can precipitate during the water flood the area of agriculture. This paper is to derive a mathematical model of sedimentation processes in the irrigation channel. The model is analysed using Finite Element Method with respect to the geometry of the channel in the district Galang, Sumatera Utara Province. From a computational point of view, results have shown the importance streamlines of the mixture velocity and the dispersed phase volume fraction.
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    Hybrid Al/steel-joints manufactured by ultrasound enhanced friction stir welding (USE-FSW): Process comparison, nondestructive testing and microscopic analysis (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: The process of friction stir welding (FSW) is an innovative joining technique, which proved its potential in joining dissimilar metals that are poorly fusion weldable. This ability opens a wide range for applications in industrial fields, where weight reduction by partial substitution of conventional materials through lightweight materials is a current central aim. As a consequence of this, the realization of aluminum / steel-joints is of great interest. For this material compound, several friction stir welds were carried out by different researchers for varying Al/steel-joints, whereas the definition of optimal process parameters as well as the increase of mechanical properties was in the focus of the studies. To achieve further improved properties for this dissimilar joint a newly developed hybrid process named “ultrasound enhanced friction stir welding (USE-FSW)” was applied. In this paper the resulting properties of Al/steel-joints using FSW and USE-FSW will be presented and...
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    Interfacial strength analyses of Al/Mg compounds using bending tests (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: In the Collaborative Research Center 692, subproject B3 Al/Mg compounds are investigated. The hydrostatic co-extruded compounds presented in this paper were further manufactured by the forging process Rising. To continue the first investigations of Rising specimens regarding interface strength, a bending test developed in a previous project period was used. The specific load case and the bending specimen geometry considers the requirements concerning the special geometry of the Rising specimen. Based on experimentally determined failure forces (maximum forces), the stress state for the investigation of the interface strength was calculated by means of the elementary bending theory extended with a numerical determined correction factor. The numerical analyses were based on a parametric FE model of the load case. Crack initiation was caused by the maximum interlaminar interfacial tension stress. In the demonstrated investigations co-extruded compounds with different ratio of core ...
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    Electrochemical deposition of iridium and iridium-nickel-alloys (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: To develop durable and reliable electronic contacts, precious metals are still very important for finish plating of contact surfaces. The lesser-known iridium might be an interesting alternative to substitute gold alloys, platinum or rhodium for applications with highest demands to wear and corrosion resistance such as sliding and plug contacts. As matters stand there is no commercial electrolyte for iridium plating. Initial investigation screened the parameter range for different iridium compounds when an iridium layer occurred on the substrates. This approach showed that the oxidation state of iridium is crucial to reach contenting deposits. Best results came from Ir(IV) electrolyte with high bromine concentration coming from the starting compound, while electrolytes made from Ir(III) compounds gave very poor deposits. In subsequent experiments different organic compounds were added to the electrolytes to improve plating efficiency and stability of the solutions. So found elec...
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    Prediction of phase distribution pattern in phase field simulations on Mo 5 SiB 2 -primary areas in near eutectic Mo-Si-B alloy (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: A Mo-10.9Si-20.3B (if not stated otherwise all compositions are given in at.%) alloy was modeled using the phase field method with linearized phase diagrams and thermodynamic data. The simulation results showed that there are two specific microstructural constituents. According to the simulations and experimental microstructural investigations the primary Mo 5 SiB 2 phase observed in this study was combined by the Mo ss -Mo 3 Si-Mo 5 SiB 2 eutectics. The overall composition of the both primary and eutectic area was probed and the phase evolution along with the concentration change of the core areas were explored and visualized in the solidification domain. To verify the accuracy of the simulation results, they were comprised with the experimental achievements. In terms of the fraction of phases, the portion of the primary phase and the eutectic constituent and the phase distribution pattern our results were in good agreemen...
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    Analysis of Power Generating Speed Bumps Made of Concrete Foam Composite (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: This paper discusses the analysis of speed bump made of concrete foam composite which is used to generate electrical power. Speed bumps are designed to decelerate the speed of vehicles before passing through toll gates, public areas, or any other safety purposes. In Indonesia a speed bump should be designed in the accordance with KM Menhub 3 year 1994. In this research, the speed bump was manufactured with dimensions and geometry comply to the regulation mentioned above. Concrete foam composite speed bumps were used due to its light weight and relatively strong to receive vertical forces from the tyres of vehicles passing over the bumps. The reinforcement materials are processed from empty fruit bunch of oil palm. The materials were subjected to various tests to obtain its physical and mechanical properties. To analyze the structure stability of the speed bumps some models were analyzed using a FEM-based numerical softwares. It was obtained that the speed bumps coupled with poly...
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    Production integrated nondestructive testing of composite materials and material compounds – an overview (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: Composite materials and material compounds are of increasing importance, because of the steadily rising relevance of resource saving lightweight constructions. Quality assurance with appropriate Nondestructive Testing (NDT) methods is a key aspect for reliable and efficient production. Quality changes have to be detected already in the manufacturing flow in order to take adequate corrective actions. For materials and compounds the classical NDT methods for defectoscopy, like X-ray and Ultrasound (US) are still predominant. Nevertheless, meanwhile fast, contactless NDT methods, like air-borne ultrasound, dynamic thermography and special Eddy-Current techniques are available in order to detect cracks, voids, pores and delaminations but also for characterizing fiber content, distribution and alignment. In Metal-Matrix Composites US back-scattering can be used for this purpose. US run-time measurements allow the detection of thermal stresses at the metal-matrix interface. Another im...
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    Multi-Pivot Quicksort: an Experiment with Single, Dual, Triple, Quad, and Penta-Pivot Quicksort Algorithms in Python (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: Dual-pivot quicksort, which was proposed by Yaroslavsky, has been experimentally proven to be more efficient than the classical single-pivot quicksort under the Java Virtual Machine [6]. Moreover, Kushagara, López-Ortiz, and Munro [4] has shown that triple-pivot quicksort runs 7-8% faster than dual-pivot quicksort in C, mutatis mutandis. In this research, we implement and experiment with single, dual, triple, quad, and penta-pivot quicksort algorithms in Python. Our experimental results are as follows. Firstly, the quicksort with single pivot is the slowest among the five variants. Secondly, at least until five (penta) pivots are being used, it is proven that the more pivots are used in a quicksort algorithm, the faster its performance becomes. Thirdly, the increase of speed resulted by adding more pivots tends to decrease gradually.
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    Influence of the heat treatment condition of alloy AlCu4Mg1 on the microstructure and properties of anodic oxide layers (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: Due to their outstanding specific mechanical properties, high-strength, age-hardenable aluminum alloys offer a high potential for lightweight security-related applications. However, the use of copper-alloyed aluminum is limited because of their susceptibility to selective corrosion and their low wear resistance. These restrictions can be overcome and new applications can be opened up by the generation of protective anodic aluminum oxide layers. In contrast to the anodic oxidation of unalloyed aluminum, oxide layers produced on copper-rich alloys exhibit a significantly more complex pore structure. It is the aim of the investigation to identify the influence of microstructural parameters such as size and distribution of the strengthening precipitations on the coating microstructure. The aluminum alloy EN AW-2024 (AlCu4Mg1) in different heat treatment conditions serves as substrate material. The influence of the strengthening precipitations’ size and distribution on the developmen...
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    Influence of the post-weld surface treatment on the corrosion resistance of the duplex stainless steel 1.4062 (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-18
    Description: The duplex stainless steel 1.4062 (X2CrNiN22-2) is used as alternative material to austenitic stainless steels in the construction industry. The corrosion resistance of welded seams is influenced by the base material, the weld filler material, the welding process and also by the final surface treatment. The scale layer next to the weld seam can be removed by grinding, pickling, electro-polished or blasting depending on the application and the requested corrosion resistance. Blasted surfaces are often used in industrial practice due to the easier and cheaper manufacturing process compared to pickled or electro-polished surfaces. Furthermore blasting with corundum-grain is more effective than blasting with glass-beads which also lower the process costs. In recent years, stainless steel surfaces showed an unusually high susceptibility to pitting corrosion after grinding with corundum. For this reason, it is now also questioned critically whether the corrosion resistance is influenc...
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    Self-Giving as Spiritual Dimension in Leadership (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-21
    Description: This article aims to show that today it is very important to consider the spiritual dimension in leadership, because the absence of the spiritual dimension makes it impossible for a human to evolve. As the leader, whoever should be accountable is not only on the horizontal level and at the vertical level as well. Phenomenological studies and literature about the practice of leadership are faced with a number of theories about leadership and then synthesized into more whole leadership rather than just to brand a leadership itself. Based on the assumption a leader is merely a sociological problem that needs to be completed with a spiritual dimension, while in its historical development of leadership, it is never excluded from the spiritual dimension. This article concludes that self-giving as a spiritual dimension in leadership will give more benefit to develop the life system as well as the purpose of leadership itself rather than the apparent leadership, which actually hurts or ...
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    Optimizing Libraries’ Content Findability Using Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) With Multi-Tier Architecture (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-21
    Description: The aim of this paper is to describe a developed application of Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) as a model for improving libraries’ digital content findability on the library web. The study applies XML text-based protocol tools in the collection of data about libraries’ visibility performance in the search results of the book. Model from the integrated Web Service Document Language (WSDL) and Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) are applied to analyse SOAP as element within the system. The results showed that the developed application of SOAP with multi-tier architecture can help people simply access the website in the library server Gorontalo Province and support access to digital collections, subscription databases, and library catalogs in each library in Regency or City in Gorontalo Province.
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    The Correlation of Tree Phenology with nest number of Orang Utan Sumatera ( Pongo abelii ) on Primary Forest, Resort Sei Betung, Gunung Leuser National Park (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-21
    Description: Food availability affect the orangutan activities, including activities to make nests. This study was conducted to determine the correlation between the phenology of trees with the number of nests made by orangutans in primary forest Resort Sei Betung, Gunung Leuser National Park. Multi linear regression was used in this study to determine the relation and correlation between phenology and the presence of orangutan nests on a track that has been created. It took over 6 months (March - August 2015). There were 15 orangutan nests found on the track during the study. The equation model was : = 27,649 -0,011X 1 -0,104X 2 -0,056X 3 , and there was no significant differences (sig 〉0,05). The value of R 2 was 70,3%. It means that all predictors simultaneously explain 70,3% of the presence of orangutan’s nest, and there is an expected predictors that may be the most affect on nest presence. The season or the intensity of rain may consider as an ex...
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    Analysis of Architectural Building Design Influences on Fire Spread in Densely Urban Settlement using Cellular Automata (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-21
    Description: This study aims to determine the influence of architectural design on the risk of fire spread in densely urban settlement area. Cellular Automata (CA) is used to analyse the fire spread pattern, speed, and the extent of damage. Four cells represent buildings, streets, and fields characteristic in the simulated area, as well as their flammability level and fire spread capabilities. Two fire scenarios are used to model the spread of fire: (1) fire origin in a building with concrete and wood material majority, and (2) fire origin in building with wood material majority. Building shape, building distance, road width, and total area of wall openings are considered constant, while wind is ignored. The result shows that fire spread faster in the building area with wood majority than with concrete majority. Significant amount of combustible building material, absence of distance between buildings, narrow streets and limited fields are factors which influence fire spread speed and patter...
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    Effect of Agitation on Acidogenesis Stage of Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) into Biogas (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-03-21
    Description: The acidogenesis stage in two-stage anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent (POME) was studied in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). This research investigated the effect of agitation rate on the growth of microorganisms, the degradation of organic substances, and volatile fatty acids (VFA) production and composition. Initially, the suitable loading up was determined by varying the HRT 6.7, 5.0, and 4.0 days in a 2 L CSTR with agitation rate 50 rpm, pH 6.0 ± 0.2, at room temperature. Next, effect of agitation on the process was determined by varying agitation rate at 25, 50, 100, and 200 rpm. Analysis of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were conducted in order to study the growth of microorganisms and their abilities in converting organic compound to produce VFA. The highest growth of microorganisms was achieved at HRT 4.0 day with micr...
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    Main development trends and some technical decisions on mining tools equipped with super-hard composite materials inserts (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: Directions of a significant increase in effectiveness of rock destruction with tools equipped with super-hard composite material inserts are reviewed and justified. Drilling tool designs with the cutting insert in the form of elliptical Cassinian oval and the asymmetric ring cleaves are suggested. Versions of laboratory stand designs in order to determine the power consumption of rock destruction are developed.
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    Geotechnical approaches to coal ash content control in mining of complex structure deposits (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: Coal deposits having complex structure and nonuniform quality coal reserves require improved processes of production quality control. The paper proposes a method to present coal ash content as components of natural and technological dilution. It is chosen to carry out studies on the western site of Elginsk coal deposit, composed of four coal beds of complex structure. The reported estimates of coal ash content in the beds with respect to five components point at the need to account for such data in confirmation exploration, mine planning and actual mining. Basic means of analysis and control of overall ash content and its components are discussed.
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    Technology and means of a coal seam interval hydraulic fracturing for the seam degassing intensification (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: Interval hydraulic fracturing use for the seam degassing intensification actuality is explained. The known methods of degassing are reviewed. Technological scheme of the interval coal seam hydraulic fracturing implementation is worked out. The equipment to fulfill degassing intensification measures is suggested.
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    Evolution of microseismicity parameters depending on geomaterial deformation stages (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: The paper describes the laboratory tests on deformation of specimens made of artificial geomaterials simulating rock mass composed of two alternating beds of different hardness and different bedding angles. In the course of loading, stresses, strains and microseismic emission signals are continuously and concurrently recorded. The analysis of the time–deformation curve is reflective of the step-wise behavior of deformation and allows determining features of change in parameters of microseismic signals at various deformation stages.
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    Preparation of ore blocks for mine leaching by reagent explosion injection (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: The current drilling-and-blasting operations fail to prepare intact ore body underlying a production horizon for subsequent mining and leaching. It is found that the required preparation quality is possible by means of advanced implementation of ore body discontinuity and filling of the resultant system of joints with active leaching solutions.
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    The problems and prospects of the public–private partnership in the Russian fuel and energy sector (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: This article highlights some opportunities for shifting the paradigm for the development of natural resources in the Russian fuel and energy sector using public-private partnership instruments. It shows three main directions for developing public-private partnerships in the area of subsoil use and emphasizes the role of innovations in implementing the most promising projects in the fuel and energy sector of Russia.
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    Small-scale and large-scale testing of photo-electrochemically activated leaching technology in Aprelkovo and Delmachik Mines (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: The paper gives a description of tests and trials of the technology of heap gold leaching from rebellious ore in Aprelkovo and Delmachik Mines. Efficiency of leaching flowsheets with the stage-wise use of activated solutions of different reagents, including active forms of oxygen, is evaluated. Carbonate–peroxide solutions are used at the first stage of leaching to oxidize sulfide and sulfide–arsenide ore minerals to recover iron and copper from them. The second stage leaching uses active cyanide solutions to leach encapsulated and disperse gold and silver.
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    Evaluation of a new trend in the geotechnology for steeply dipping vein deposits in Kyrgyzstan (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: The authors evaluate advancement in the geotechnology for steeply dipping vein deposits. It is proposed to use large-diameter drilling with drilling assembly BGA-2V-02. As a result, the efficiency of mining is enhanced.
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    Environmental pressure reduction with a new method of noble metal recovery (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: Discoveries in the area of hydrometallurgy of noble metals can be of use in metal recovery from low-grade solutions and slurries, including liquid tailings. Efficiency of noble metal recovery and reduction in mining waste is gained owing to utilization of two forms of ion-exchange sorbent, including OH − for recovery of cyanic compounds of gold and cyanides, which allows abating burden on natural systems.
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    Explosion-assisted preparation of dispersed gold-bearing different-grade ore for selective mining (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: It is found that there are transient zones (between quality and off-quality ore areas) with the respective content of useful component in an ore body, and a variant of explosive treatment of such zones before the selective mining is put forward. Practicability of two processing technologies is evaluated: processing of high-grade and low-grade ore from the transient zones and heap leaching of metals from the low-grade and impoverished ore. Open mining technology is conventional truck-and-shovel scheme, with distributed ore flows to processing plant and (or) to heap leaching, which generally enhances the mine efficiency.
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    Role of hydrogen ions in standard and activation heap leaching of gold (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: The role of hydrogen ions in activation heap leaching of gold from rebellious ore has been studied, which has allowed enhancing gold recovery. The author puts forward a gold leaching circuit with the use of activated oxygen-saturated solutions acidified to pH = 6–9.
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    Effect of georesource–consumer process flows on coal loss in energy supply of the Polar regions in Yakutia (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: It is shown that the process flows of mining, haulage and utilization of coal in the Polar regions in Yakutia feature high quantitative and qualitative loss. In case the process flows are considered as integrated systems aimed at the overall performance efficiency, it is possible to reduce the loss per each individual chain loop. The authors formulate approaches intended to lower total loss of coal in process flows. The geotechnical and organizational solutions are put forward to improve and stabilize quality of fuel used by local fuel and energy industry.
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    Spatial discrete element analysis of problem on floor buckling in underground openings (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: The authors analyze 3D problem on instability of a long arch cross-section opening using the method of discrete elements. Under analysis is loading by gravitational and tectonic stresses. Dilatancy, dry friction and viscosity are taken into account. It is assumed that contacting particles have an in-between elastic bonding element that fails under critical load. The article presents kinematic patterns of deformation and failure of surrounding rock mass around an underground opening.
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    Borehole tool for studies in coalbed degasification wells (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: The paper presents a downhole tool designed for gas-dynamic research to be carried out in coalbed methane drainage holes. Structurally, the tool has a twin-packer design. The tool allows hydraulic fracturing, gas-dynamic investigations using indicator diagrams and pressure drop and recovery curves, and local destressing of coal.
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    Solving portfolio selection problems with minimum transaction lots based on conditional-value-at-risk (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: Portfolio selection problems conventionally means ‘minimizing the risk, given the certain level of returns’ from some financial assets. This problem is frequently solved with quadratic or linear programming methods, depending on the risk measure that used in the objective function. However, the solutions obtained by these method are in real numbers, which may give some problem in real application because each asset usually has its minimum transaction lots. In the classical approach considering minimum transaction lots were developed based on linear Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD), variance (like Markowitz’s model), and semi-variance as risk measure. In this paper we investigated the portfolio selection methods with minimum transaction lots with conditional value at risk (CVaR) as risk measure. The mean-CVaR methodology only involves the part of the tail of the distribution that contributed to high losses. This approach looks better when we work with non-symmetric return probabilit...
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    Optimization of investment portfolio weight of stocks affected by market index (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: Stock price assessment, selection of optimum combination, and measure the risk of a portfolio investment is one important issue for investors. In this paper single index model used for the assessment of the stock price, and formulation optimization model developed using Lagrange multiplier technique to determine the proportion of assets to be invested. The level of risk is estimated by using variance. These models are used to analyse the stock price data Lippo Bank and Bumi Putera.
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    FOREWORD: IORA International Conference on Operations Research 2016 (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: Conference Chair: Prof. Soewarto Hardhienata, Universitas Pakuan, Indonesia The roots of operations research can be traced back several decades, when early efforts were made to use a scientific approach in the organization management. Originating from an interdisciplinary activity to solve complex problems in the military during World War II, the ideas advanced in military operations were then adapted to improve efficiency and productivity in the civilian sectors. Now operation research as well as management science (OR/MS) are viewed as a body of established mathematical models and techniques to solve complex management problems. It encompasses a growing number of technical areas arising in the direction and management of large systems of men, machines, materials and money in industry, business, government, defense, and other decision-making fields. According to the Operations Research Society of America (ORSA), OR/MS is concerned with scientifica...
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    Analysis of data mining classification by comparison of C4.5 and ID algorithms (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: The rapid development of information technology, triggered by the intensive use of information technology. For example, data mining widely used in investment. Many techniques that can be used assisting in investment, the method that used for classification is decision tree. Decision tree has a variety of algorithms, such as C4.5 and ID3. Both algorithms can generate different models for similar data sets and different accuracy. C4.5 and ID3 algorithms with discrete data provide accuracy are 87.16% and 99.83% and C4.5 algorithm with numerical data is 89.69%. C4.5 and ID3 algorithms with discrete data provides 520 and 598 customers and C4.5 algorithm with numerical data is 546 customers. From the analysis of the both algorithm it can classified quite well because error rate less than 15%.
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    Green supply chain management strategy selection using analytic network process: case study at PT XYZ (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: This study is about business strategy selection for green supply chain management (GSCM) for PT XYZ by using Analytic Network Process (ANP). GSCM is initiated as a response to reduce environmental impacts from industrial activities. The purposes of this study are identifying criteria and sub criteria in selecting GSCM Strategy, and analysing a suitable GSCM strategy for PT XYZ. This study proposes ANP network with 6 criteria and 29 sub criteria, which are obtained from the literature and experts’ judgements. One of the six criteria contains GSCM strategy options, namely risk-based strategy, efficiency-based strategy, innovation-based strategy , and closed loop strategy . ANP solves complex GSCM strategy-selection by using a more structured process and considering green perspectives from experts. The result indicates that innovation-based strategy is the most suitable green supply chain management strategy for PT XYZ.
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    A DRM for steady water absorption from different types of periodic channels (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: In this paper, problems involving steady infiltration from a homogeneous soil with water absorption by plant roots are studied. Different geometries of periodic channels are considered. The governing equation of the problems is a Richards equation. This equation may not be solved analytically. Hence, a numerical method is needed. To do so, the equation is transformed into a modified Helmholtz equation using a set of transformations involving Kirchhoff transformation, dimensionless variables and an exponential transformation. The modified Helmholtz equation is then solved numerically using a Dual Reciprocity Method (DRM) with a predictor-corrector scheme. Results obtained from channels with different geometries are presented.
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    Estimation model of life insurance claims risk for cancer patients by using Bayesian method (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: This paper discussed the estimation model of the risk of life insurance claims for cancer patients using Bayesian method. To estimate the risk of the claim, the insurance participant data is grouped into two: the number of policies issued and the number of claims incurred. Model estimation is done using a Bayesian approach method. Further, the estimator model was used to estimate the risk value of life insurance claims each age group for each sex. The estimation results indicate that a large risk premium for insured males aged less than 30 years is 0.85; for ages 30 to 40 years is 3:58; for ages 41 to 50 years is 1.71; for ages 51 to 60 years is 2.96; and for those aged over 60 years is 7.82. Meanwhile, for insured women aged less than 30 years was 0:56; for ages 30 to 40 years is 3:21; for ages 41 to 50 years is 0.65; for ages 51 to 60 years is 3:12; and for those aged over 60 years is 9.99. This study is useful in determining the risk premium in homogeneous groups based on gen...
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    Peer review statement (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.
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    Causal relationship model between variables using linear regression to improve professional commitment of lecturer (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: The main element to build a leading university requires lecturer commitment in a professional manner. Commitment is measured through willpower, loyalty, pride, loyalty, and integrity as a professional lecturer. A total of 135 from 337 university lecturers were sampled to collect data. Data were analyzed using validity and reliability test and multiple linear regression. Many studies have found a link on the commitment of lecturers, but the basic cause of the causal relationship is generally neglected. These results indicate that the professional commitment of lecturers affected by variables empowerment, academic culture, and trust. The relationship model between variables is composed of three substructures. The first substructure consists of endogenous variables professional commitment and exogenous three variables, namely the academic culture, empowerment and trust, as well as residue variable ɛ y . The second substructure consists of one endogenous va...
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    Integer programming model for optimizing bus timetable using genetic algorithm (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: Bus timetable gave an information for passengers to ensure the availability of bus services. Timetable optimal condition happened when bus trips frequency could adapt and suit with passenger demand. In the peak time, the number of bus trips would be larger than the off-peak time. If the number of bus trips were more frequent than the optimal condition, it would make a high operating cost for bus operator. Conversely, if the number of trip was less than optimal condition, it would make a bad quality service for passengers. In this paper, the bus timetabling problem would be solved by integer programming model with modified genetic algorithm. Modification was placed in the chromosomes design, initial population recovery technique, chromosomes reconstruction and chromosomes extermination on specific generation. The result of this model gave the optimal solution with accuracy 99.1%.
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    WELCOME REMARKS: IORA International Conference on Operations Research 2016 (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-09
    Description: From the President Indonesian Operations Research Association (IORA) Prof. Sudradjat Supian Operations research (OR) has rich traditions from viewpoint of wide boundaries in terms of clients, broad range of methodological approaches used and awareness to multiple and often conflicting interests. Under this perspective both OR and development share some concerns related to the implementation, as well as the design, of planning strategies. Thus, the relevance of OR and development has increasingly engaged the attention of operational researchers in both the industrialized and less developed countries. For this conference we choose the following theme for our stand of work: “Better Decisions for Sustainable Development.” It is our conviction that OR can make significant contribution to the process of development in general and to developing countries in particular. By this conference we aim to promote the increase in the use of OR as a ...
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    Optimization of biosurfactant production from Vibrio sp. BSM-30 isolated in tropical waters (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: The strain BSM-30 ( Vibrio sp. ), isolated from Chinese tropical waters, could be a biosurfactant producing bacteria according with results obtained by the oil spreading method. The culture conditions for biosurfactant production were tested respectively such as inoculation (2%,6%,10%,14% as setting), shaking speed(120 r/min,150 r/min,180 r/min as setting), temperature (25°C,30°C,35°C as setting), pH (7,8,9 as setting), salinity (1.5%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 4.5%, 5.5% as setting), which results showed that the best culture conditions for BS production were 10% inoculation quantity, 180 r/min, 25°C, pH 8, and 3.5% salinity. The optimization of carbon sources (20g/ of glucose, 20g/L of starch, 20g/L of paraffin oil 20g/L of diesel, 20g/L of oil as setting) and nitrogen sources (6g/L of NaNO 3 ,7.1g/L of KNO 3 ,5.6g/L of NH 4 NO 3 ,9.3g/L of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 4.2g/L of CO(NH 2 ) 2 as setting) were also test...
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    Comparison of metals levels in two mangrove species ( Rhizophora stylosa and Sonneratia hainanensis ) from Hainan Island, South China (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: Trace metals in mangrove tissues (leaf, branch and root) of two species ( Rhizophora stylosa and Sonneratia hainanensis ) from Dongzhai Harbor and Sanya Bay of Hainan Island were studied. The total average concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Hg and As in the two mamgrove species were 2.4±1.3, 1.1±0.7, 7.8±8.0, 0.03±0.05, 1.4±1.6, 0.03±0.01 and 0.2±0.2 µg g-1 dw, respectively. Metals concentrations among different tissues of mangroves showed different pattern. In general, Zn, Cd and Hg were slightly enriched in leaf, Cu, Pb and As was enriched in root, and Cr were enriched in branch. Metals levels in R. stylosa and S. hainanensis from both Dongzhai Harbor and Sanya Bay were compared, which suggested that different mangrove species have their unique mechanism to bioaccumulate metals and TOC in the mangrove sediment could be one of the important factors for regulating metals in mangrove tissues. The biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAF) of metals in...
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    Analysis on the accommodation of renewable energy in northeast China (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: The accommodation and curtailment of renewable energy in northeast China have attracted much attention with the rapid growth of wind and solar power generation. Large amount of wind power has been curtailed or abandoned in northeast China due to several reasons, such as, the redundancy of power supplies, inadequate power demands, imperfect power structure with less flexibility and limited cross-regional transmission capacity. In this paper, we use multi-area production simulation to analyse the accommodation of renewable energy in northeast China by 2020. Furthermore, we suggest the measures that could be adopted in generation, grid and load side to reduce curtailment of renewables.
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    Polychlorinated biphenyls in fly ashes collected from five coal-fired power plants in North China (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: The 5 coal fly ash samples (CFA) were systematically collected from 5 coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) in North China for analysis of 86 PCB congeners. The predominant PCB congeners were PCB-6, -4/10, -28, -18, -19 and -16/32, which belonged to lighter molecular weight (LMW) congeners. The Σ 86 PCBs for 5 CFPPs ranged from 10.93 to 32.06 ng/g with the mean value as 16.01 ng/g. The PCBs in CFA were dominated by LMW-PCBs with 2-, 3- and 4-Cl PCBs contributed 34.80%, 39.18% and 9.21% to the Σ 86 PCBs. The TEQ concentrations for 5 CFPPs was 42.54 pg/g higher than 4 pg/g designed by Canada for soil quality, indicated the using of CFA as soil amendment should be cautioned.
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    Operational adaptability evaluation index system of pumped storage in UHV receiving-end grids (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: Pumped storage is an effective solution to deal with the emergency reserve shortage, renewable energy accommodating and peak-shaving problems in ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission receiving-end grids. However, governments and public opinion in China tend to evaluate the operational effectiveness of pumped storage using annual utilization hour, which may result in unreasonable and unnecessary dispatch of pumped storage. This paper built an operational adaptability evaluation index system for pumped storage in UHV-receiving end grids from three aspects: security insurance, peak-shaving and renewable energy accommodating, which can provide a comprehensive and objective way to evaluate the operational performance of a pumped storage station.
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    Numerical study on pollutant transport in Dalian bay based on hydrodynamic model (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: Based on the depth-averaged two-dimensional shallow water and pollutant transport equation, the coupling model of water flow and water quality with explicit scheme is developed in this study. The unstructured triangular grid is adopted to locally refine the mesh around sewage outlet or in high-gradient regions of terrain change for the coupling model. The finite volume method is applied to ensure the conservation of mass for each element. This hydrodynamic model applies the Roe solver approximate Riemann solution with second-order accuracy to compute the water momentum flux on the grid interface. Taking Dalian Bay as the research object, the numerical model established is used to simulate the hydrodynamic characteristics and pollutant transport process. The computed results of the tide level, flow current and flow direction agree well with the measured data in Dalian Bay. The spatial and temporal distribution of pollutant in water are analyzed and discussed in this study. Simula...
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    Variations in dust contributions to air quality impairment in a temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, China (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: Dust associated visibility impairment is the most noticeable air pollution phenomena, has important implications regarding air quality in developing cities. We integrated the commonly reported visibility with remote sensing, found that dust emission tended to decrease over Xilingol grassland. The temporal coherency between dust event and visibility reduction demonstrated dust was an important factor responsible for air quality impairment, but the differences in seasonal patterns and long-term trends among stations manifested some drops in visibility couldn’t be solely attributed to dust activity. It is urgent to conclude the causes of visibility reduction in developing cities susceptible to dust impact in recent years.
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    Preparation and characterization of bio-composite PEEK/nHA (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: PEEK/nHA composite material, with excellent mechanical property as polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and biological activity as hydroxyapatite (HA), has attracted wide attention of medical experts and materials science experts. The addition of hydroxyapatite was the decisive factor for biological activity in PEEK/nHA composite. In this paper, acicular nanohydroxyapatite was prepared by chemical precipitation method with Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 as raw material; PEEK/nHA composite was prepared by solution blending and vacuum sintering method. The composite was characterized with FT-IR, XRD, DSC, TG and mechanical property test. Results showed that the composite has good thermal stability and compressive property when the mass ratio of PEEK to nHA is 10:3; and high nHA content can improve the biological activity of the composite, which can meet the basic requirements for bone tissue engineering scaffold.
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    Separation and recovery of heavy metals from waste water using synergistic solvent extraction (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: Heavy metal wastewater pollution is one of the three major water pollutions in the world. The zinc hydrometallurgy smelting process usually discharge large quantities of heavy metal wastewater into the environment. In this paper, a synergistic solvent extraction process has been developed to recover copper, nickel, zinc and cadmium respectively from calcium and magnesium. The synergistic organic system contained 0.50 M Versatic 10 and 0.5 M Mextral 984H in DT100. Adjusting pH to 2.0 at 40 °C, the copper will be extracted preferentially with the extraction rate more than 99%. Continuing to adjust pH to 4.2 at 40 °C, the nickel will be extracted secondly with an extraction rate more than 98%; the zinc and cadmium in raffinate could be extracted separately while pH is about 6.5.
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    The wettability between etching solutions and the surface of multicrystalline silicon wafer during metal-assisted chemical etching process (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: In order to investigate the wettability of multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) with the etching solutions during metal-assisted chemical etching process, different surface structures were fabricated on the p-type multi-wire slurry sawn mc-Si wafers, such as as-cut wafers, polished wafers, and wafers etched in different solutions. The contact angles of different etching solutions on the surfaces of the wafers were measured. It was noted that all contact angles of etching solutions were smaller than the corresponding ones of deionized water, but the contact angles of different etching solutions were quite different. Among the contact angles of the etching solutions of AgNO 3 -HF, H 2 O 2 -HF, TMAH and HNO 3 -HF, the contact angle of TMAH solution was much larger than the others and that of HNO 3 -HF solution was much smaller. It is suggested that the larger contact angle may lead to an unevenly etching of silicon wafer due to the long rete...
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    A facile and effective strategy to synthesize orthorhombic Sr 2 Al 6 O 11 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ with blue-green persistent luminescence (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: Sr 2 Al 6 O 11 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ is known as a high efficient material for generating persistent luminescence. Due to its low structural stability, it is a challenge to prepare such orthorhombic material in large scale. In this work, a facile and effective strategy was designed for the preparation of Sr 2 Al 6 O 11 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ with high purity by combining the advantages of solid state reaction and chemical vapor deposition method. The prepared Sr 2 Al 6 O 11 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ could effectively store the UV light energy and emit blue-green luminescence for 240 min by slow liberation of photo-excited electrons. Its blue-green afterglow was composed of two luminescent emissions which released from the Eu centers located in different crystal fields.
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    Negative temperature dependence of recrystallized grain size: analytical formulation and experimental confirmation (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: The catalyzing effect on nucleation of recrystallization from pre-existing grains is analyzed, analogy to the foreign nucleus size effect in heterogeneous nucleation. Analytical formulation of the effective nucleation site for recrystallization leads to a negative temperature dependence of recrystallized grain size. Non-isochronal annealing, where annealing time is set just enough for the completion of recrystallization at different temperature, is conducted on pure copper after severe plastic deformation. More homogeneous and smaller grains are obtained at higher annealing temperature. The good fitting between analytical and experimental results unveils the intrinsic feature of this negative temperature dependence of recrystallized grain size.
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    Study on improvement of durability for reinforced concrete by surface-painting migrating corrosion inhibitor and engineering application (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: The corrosion currents of steel bar in concrete with three W/B and four chloride contents after surface-painting two migrating corrosion inhibitors (PCI-2015 and MCI-A) 14d to 150d in atmospheric condition were measured. The results showed that the corrosion current density ( I corr ) of steel bar reduced to 0.1 μA.cm -2 from the initial highest 3.833 μA.cm -2 (W/B=0.65, NaCl-1%) after surface-painting PCI-2015 14 d, and the I corr was still lower than 0.1 μA.cm -2 until 150d. The compressive strength and chloride migration coefficient of concrete specimens were tested. The possible reasons of the mechanisms of durability improvement for reinforced concrete by applying PCI-2015 inhibitor were PCI-2015 may be reacted with calcium hydroxide in cement concrete and lots of inhibitor particles may be adsorbed on the active sites first and then a stable protective layer may be formed. The I corr of steel...
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    Accelerated lifetime test of vibration isolator made of Metal Rubber material (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: The Metal Rubber material (MR) is a kind of material with nonlinear damping characteristics for its application in the field of aerospace, petrochemical industry and so on. The study on the lifetime of MR material is impendent to its application in engineering. Based on the dynamic characteristic of MR, the accelerated lifetime experiments of vibration isolators made of MR working under random vibration load were conducted. The effects of structural parameters of MR components on the lifetime of isolators were studied and modelled with the fitting curves of degradation data. The lifetime prediction methods were proposed based on the models.
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    The colour and micro-structure change of the aged madder- dyed silk fabric adding with consolidation material of EGDE/Ala (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: A consolidated method by EGDE (ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) and Ala (alanine) was used for fragile ancient silk fabrics protection. Therefore, an investigation has been carried out to figure out the effect of consolidation material in the system. Silk fibers were dyed with madder and then exposed to UV light beams for accelerated aging. The aged madder-dyed samples were treated with EGDE aqueous solution by spraying, and then treated with Ala aqueous solution by the same way on 10 minutes later. The samples were investigated by colour measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It has been observed that there is an obvious change of colour of samples after consolidation material treatment. The surface of the aged madder-dyed silk fabric were covered with EGDE and Ala thus protecting the silk fibers.
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    Study on the compounds of Mg 12 La and (Mg,Zn) 11.5 La (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: The composition, crystal structure and phase relationship of the main intermetallics of the Mg-Zn-La system on the low La side have been studied. The results show that there exists a binary solid solutions of Mg 12 La as (Mg,Zn)La 12 and a linear ternary compound (Mg,Zn) 11.5 La. Though the composition formula of the two phases are similar, but the composition of Zn in them are different. The maximum Zn content of (Mg,Zn) 12 La is 7.2at% and the minimum Zn content of (Mg,Zn) 11.5 La is 8.5at%. What’s more, the crystal structures of (Mg,Zn) 12 La and (Mg,Zn) 11.5 La phase are also totally different. (Mg,Zn)La 12 have the body centered tetragonal lattice structure, but the crystal structure of (Mg,Zn) 11.5 La is C-centered orthorhombic lattice structure.
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    Experimental study on heat transfer performance of aluminium foam parallel-flow condenser in air conditioner (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: Open cell aluminium foam was used in parallel-flow condenser in air conditioner, and two condensers with different pore density were fabricated. The experimental study was conducted on the heat transfer performance and temperature distribution. The experimental results show that both of the heat transfer load and air pressure drop increase with the increase of pore density, air velocity is 2.5m/s, the heat transfer capacities of the condenser with 10PPI and 8PPI are 4.786kw and 3.344kW respectively. Along the flow direction of refrigerant, the outlet temperatures of refrigerant drop with the rise of air velocity when the inlet temperature is constant. The outlet temperature of the refrigerant decreases with the increase of pore density.
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    Numerically design the injection process parameters of parts fabricated with ramie fiber reinforced green composites (2017)
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: The warpage deformation plays an important role on the performance of automobile interior components fabricated with natural fiber reinforced composites. The present work investigated the influence of process parameters on the warpage behavior of A pillar trim made of ramie fiber (RF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites (RF/PP) via numerical simulation with orthogonal experiment method and range analysis. The results indicated that fiber addition and packing pressure were the most important factors affecting warpage. The A pillar trim can achieved the minimum warpage value as of 2.124 mm under the optimum parameters. The optimal process parameters are: 70% percent of the default value of injection pressure for the packing pressure, 20 wt% for the fiber addition, 185 °C for the melt °C for the mold temperature, 7 s for the filling time and 17 s for the packing time.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Synthesis of functionalized CNTs/hyperbranched polyester nanocomposites (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-14
    Description: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were unzipped using the modified Hummer method to prepare the CNTs-GO microstructure (see Fig. 1). A new type of CNTs-GO-H20 nanocomposite has been synthesized by grafting hyperbranched (HB) polyester (Boltorn H20) brushes on the CNTs-GO by coupling agent (KH560). The morphology of CNTs-GO-H20 was characterized by FTIR, TEM, XPS and TGA. The FT-IR data and XPS data evidenced that CNTs-GO-H20 nanocomposites were synthesized successfully. The addition of CNTs improved the thermal stability of the nanocomposites. The TEM data showed that the CNTs-GO microstructure was also prepared. These electrochemical measurements results indicated that coatings provided greater protection against corrosion behavior. Moreover, the nanocomposite material improved corrosion resistance of the coating.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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