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  • Emerald
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  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (3,093)
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  • 1994  (3,093)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 22-28 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The ability to successfully direct and inspire 90 to 100 talentedmusicians to perform as one unit is often attributed to the conductor'scharismatic powers. The influence of the player as part of aninteractive process is generally neglected. Examines these assumptionsboth by reference to the literature and from interviews with bothconductors and musicians. Discusses leadership theories appropriate tothe orchestral setting including a distinction between socialized andpersonalized charismatic leadership. The leadership-followership processin the orchestra is seen as having three distinct phases; the testingphase, the working stage and the inspirational stage. Suggestsimplications for leadership in more generalized management settings.
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  • 2
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 13-21 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents the results of a first research survey of consulting firmswithin the United Kingdom. Examines the usefulness of knowledge typologyas a way of categorizing firms and the differences, if any, between thefirms. Explores the firms' sources of knowledge, knowledge networks,transfer of knowledge or expertise, and consultant knowledge and skills.Discusses the implications of the survey and presents an agenda foraction which comprises of future research into the usefulness of thetypologies. Concludes by saying that a more precise instrument is neededto classify parts of organizations as well as the whole and there is aneed to examine the particular problems of managing a consultancy firm.
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  • 3
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 29-32 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Briefly examines the organizational context of the clinical director inthe NHS. Utilizes theoretical contributions from cultural, symbolic,political and postmodernist perspectives and applies these to theexperience of clinical directors. Discusses the importance ofunderstanding individual subjective views of meaning as represented inpurposive/cognitive maps. Concludes that the clinical director should beable to diagnose the subjective views of organizational participants asa basis for understanding individual/group behaviour.
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  • 4
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 3-12 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Explores the practical implications and the psychological meaning of thelinks between specific job competences and personality variables usingbiographical material from the lives of famous people such as AnitaRoddick, Sir John Harvey-Jones, Lord Shaftesbury and Mikhail Gorbachev.Uses results from an earlier study, involving a meta-analysis ofpersonality data to provide an empirical base. Focuses on four areas:"creative/innovative", "analysis and judgement", "resilience" and"persuasiveness".
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  • 5
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 3-7 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Explores the research carried out on the link between stress andleadership. Explores five major themes: (1) stress and leader emergence,(2) sources of stress in the leadership role, (3) leader stress andleader effectiveness, (4) follower stress and leadership, (5) leadershipand stress in followers. In essence, focuses on whether stress has amajor impact on effectiveness of leaders, because, if stress impairsleader performance, then we could be forgoing much of the effects which"good leadership" can bring.
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  • 6
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 8-12 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Ricardo Semler discusses with Bruce Lloyd the way he has turnedconventional business rules upside down. His ideas, and the operatingperformance of his family-owned company which makes pumps, valves andother industrial equipment, are described in detail in his best-sellingbook, Maverick!
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  • 7
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 13-17 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Diversity-based intervention strategies require congruence with theculture of the client system. Achieving congruence demands thequestioning of topic definition, method of implementation, programmecontent and the stated bottom-line intent of the programme.Practitioners are advised to introduce the subject of managingdifferences in the workforce in a manner that initiates change in theclient system without bringing about rejection. The preparation of thesystem for such an intervention and the strategic design ofdiversity-based programmes can lead to a corporate environment thatfosters benefits to both people and profit. Discusses the content oftraining for workshop facilitators and the role of process consultationskills when conducting managerial workshops on diversity. Practicalguidelines address the importance of organizational readiness,co-facilitation, client-ownership, confrontation and management ofsmall-group dynamics. Suggests that consulting psychologists enhanceorganizational understanding of diversity by incorporating research onperson perception, small-group dynamics, managerial styles (and otherindividual differences), and work design - human differences interactionwith issues of stereotyping in applied organizational settings.
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  • 8
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 18-23 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Points out that a significant element of an individual's life is throughgroups and that there are many different aspects of groups inorganizational life. Holds that the informal influence a group exerts onindividual members through socialization, enforcement of norms anddevelopment of culture is powerful in how individuals respond toorganizational change. Argues that teambuilding is critical to forminggroup responses to change issues, whether through the formal teams orthrough temporary task forces and committees.
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  • 9
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 24-28 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Ideal organizational structures are subjectively based on specific setsof organizational and external factors. Begins with a review ofstructural alternatives and identifies the need for a contingency-basedapproach. Changes in corporate structure may be needed as a result ofinternal developments and environmental changes. A case study of theconsumer goods multinational, Procter & Gamble, is used to illustrate theevolutionary nature of organizational structure. Difficulties indetermining the ideal structure lead to a basis for a set ofrecommendations which can help leaders structure their own organizationfor success.
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  • 10
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 3-11 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes the author's distinctive approach to facilitating empowermentin organizations and helping managers enhance their capacity to learnand respond to change more effectively. Expresses the author's views onhow the culture of organizations need to change (and the specificchanges in attitude and behaviour this requires) if people are to copewell with uncertainty, change, complexity and huge pressures. Describesthe methodology used with senior managers and directors in threedifferent organizations over the past five years; the common anddistinctive issues in those organizations; how the interventionstrategies evolved differently in them; the successes and difficultiesand the learning in these initiatives.
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  • 11
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 12-18 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Suggests that, owing to changes in the business environment, leadershiprather than management is needed. Proposes, also, that a co-operativerelationship between the management and the workforce should beencouraged. Posits that there is a relationship between perceived andpreferred styles of leadership which affects job tenure. Presents theresults of a questionnaire on the preferred and perceived styles ofleadership which was carried out at a Western Australian Stateheadquarters of a Federal statutory body. Concludes that the democraticstyle of leadership leads to a more positive organizational commitmentfrom the individual and also higher job satisfaction. Suggests,therefore, that managers should made as much as they possibly can.
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  • 12
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 31-36 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: As the tide of globalization rides high and global competitionintensifies, more and more firms are resorting to strategic alliances asa means to increase competitive-ness. Despite apparent advantages thata strategic alliance may bring, it does not compensate for weaknesses incorporate culture which, as shown in this article, could only be donethrough organizational learning. Such learning cannot be acquiredthrough purchase or by contract, it has to be gained by effort.
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  • 13
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 27-30 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Rumour behaviour is an "instinctual behaviour" elicited in the workplaceusually involving unverified information of uncertain origin that istransmitted by word of mouth. Examines the ways in which rumours spreadand how organizations can stop them. To do so requires that practicalsense be made be made of a potentially chaotic and complex set offactors which interact together to produce and elaborate rumours. With abetter understanding of the nature of rumours and techniques of rumourrebuttal, organizations can prevent rumour build-up among the staff.
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  • 14
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 5-10 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: An important distinction in psychology is between external and internaldeterminants of behaviour. Behaviour may be perceived as beingdetermined either by factors internal to the individual (e.g.personality) or by external factors, in particular the consequences thatfollow the behaviour. External factors are central to the behaviouralapproach. The tendency for people to underestimate the importance ofexternal factors in influencing behaviour is discussed. An applicationof the behavioural approach to accident reduction is described and thebenefits and problems associated with its implementation discussed. Theimportance of workforce participation and involvement are emphasized. Inaddition, it is suggested that the commitment of management, especiallyat the highest levels, is required if the programme is to maintainlong-term effectiveness.
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  • 15
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 19-26 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Leadership needs to be seen within the organizational context ofmanaging change (i.e. transformational leadership). The most usefulapproach is through the use of the vision-commitment-management model.Discusses both how leaders emerge in society, and how they can flourishwithin a learning organization and the educational system, the criticalsuccess factors over the longer term being the development andmanifestation of a sense of responsibility and integrity. Britain hassome particular challenges in changing deeply established historicalattitudes and patterns of behaviour, particularly associated with itsculture, political structures and the concept of professionalism; theseneed to be more thoroughly understood if they are to be effectivelychallenged in order to establish more international/multi-culturalleadership styles relevant to the needs of the decades ahead.
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  • 16
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 16-20 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Operant technologies have been criticized as being too micro-orientedand simplistic to apply to the complex problems and interdependentissues associated with major organizational change and developmentefforts. Describes an organization change and development effort in aninternational brewery that used operant principles as the theoreticalfoundation for guiding the intervention. Illustrates that operantprinciples may be particularly advantageous for organizational changeefforts in that the emphasis on behaviourally-based problem definitionsand measurement provides a solid foundation for problem identification,problem solving, and the development of concrete action plans.
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  • 17
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 11-15 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The reinforcement of safe behaviour by positive feedback, in other wordsbehaviour modification (B. Mod.), is one of the most successful safetyinnovations achieved during the past 20 years. A literature review of 24empirical studies noted that every study had produced a change in workbehaviour. According to the authors: "Few literature reviews find suchconsistent results". The effect on accidents is explained by stating thatunsafe acts are modified through feedback to safe acts. The studiesdemonstrate that the effect on injuries is sometimes much greater thancould be expected from the behavioural change. This might be because thetarget behaviours to be modified are properly chosen to representcritical behaviours that everyone involved wanted to change. A positivechange encourages people to try to solve other problems as well, andthis gradually leads to overall improvements. A B.Mod. programme can actas an initiator of a cultural change leading to sustainable effectswithin the organization.
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  • 18
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 21-26 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: There is a discernible trend for organizations to be moving away fromdirective and authoritarian management styles, towards a moreparticipative approach, which involves subordinates in taking moreresponsibility. This is linked to a move from bureaucratic role culturesto a more integrated style of organization. This poses the problem ofhow to move the individual from the dependence engendered byauthoritarian systems to a relationship, between managers andsubordinates, which is characterized by interdependence, a move which isvery difficult to make. Transitional contingency contracting, atechnique which gradually transfers control from the manager to thesubordinate, is suggested as a process which can developinterdependence, while reducing the risk of becoming stuck in mutualdependence or generating rebellion (or counter dependence).
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  • 19
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 27-32 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A first-hand account of how one of the lesser known features of operantconditioning - its prosocial stance hooked an idealistic graduate studentin the late 1960s and has kept her contentedly spinning models in thefield of leadership.
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  • 20
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 3-7 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Leadership literature in the past decade has drawn a sharp distinctionbetween three types of leadership: transactional, charismatic andtransformational. The leadership literature has dealt extensively withthe sources and aspects of these leadership patterns, particularly inthe context of "the leader and his people", emphasizing transactionalleadership as expressed in the contingency models developed mostly inthe 1960s and 1970s. Offers a more comprehensive view and examines theprobability of the various leadership patterns emerging in organizationsfrom the point of view of the conditions prevailing in the organizationand their psychological implications. Indicates the need to expand theparadigms developed concerning leadership in organizations. Presents themeanings of these arguments.
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  • 21
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 8-15 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Leadership is a Humpty Dumpty word which people use in widely differentways. Argues that, on examination, there appear to be three main ways inwhich managers may exercise leadership. Two of them are specific to themanager's nominal position. Strategic leadership, of the head, isconcerned with path-finding and culture-building to create an effectiveorganization. Supervisory leadership, of the hands, is concerned withadapting one's style to the given situation in order to achieveefficient performance. The third type of leadership is more general.Inspiring leadership, of the heart, engages with people, giving them anenergizing vision. All managers must exercise strategic and supervisoryleadership of the head and hands - otherwise they are mereadministrators. Good managers go further and inspire people with theheart - rendering their leadership transforming.
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  • 22
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 16-23 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Scientific study of order and chaos suggests alternatives to both of thefollowing conceptualizations: organizational boundaries as barriers andthe boundaryless organization. Explores a path metaphor for boundariesand considers the path metaphor's implications for leadership style andchange management.
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  • 23
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 11-14 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: When DAF BV collapsed in February 1993 the Continental operations weresaved by the Belgian and Dutch governments. However, in Britain thereceivers were called in to Leyland DAF. They, along with the formerLeyland DAF head of manufacturing, decided to salvage as much aspossible of the company through the creation of an organizationalnetwork. Two essential roles that need to be carried out to establish anorganizational network successfully are that of the architect and thatof the lead operator. Analyses the way in which these two roles werecarried out in the creation of the Leyland DAF network which not onlyencompasses the major former Leyland DAF plant in Britain but also thenewly established concern, DAF Trucks, on the Continent.
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  • 24
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 4-10 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In management texts, management and control of operations is handledthrough the establishment of models and budgets of various kinds. Takesa broader view of operations. Follows this by consideration of modes ofcontrol for networks. Then considers financial control and clan controlissues in embedded networks or chains of operations. In the firstsection develops some of the characteristics of the embedded firm.Follows this by a discussion of the problem of control in and out ofchains of embedded firms. Examines the issues for financial control.Finally explores the social and organizational processes within andbetween partners in such chains.
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  • 25
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 15-18 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines how and why some major UK purchaser and supplier organizationshave increasingly sought to become partners. Drawing on detailed casestudies of Rank Xerox, Hoover, ICL and British Rail discusses thedynamics of partnership sourcing, and analyses and exemplifies the costsand benefits to both partners and suppliers. Suggests that both partnersbenefit from the increased commitment and improved communications thatpartnership brings. Argues that purchasers derive extra advantages frompartnership relations in the form of the potential for a reducedsupplier base and increased scope for quality improvements in suppliergoods and services. Finally, considers a number of problems,opportunities and constraints on partnership sourcing. Concludes thatit is the UK cultural heritage of adversarialism in purchaser-supplierrelations which present the most significant difficulties in makingpartnership sourcing work.
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  • 26
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 24-32 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents details of a study identifying the performance determinantsrequired of chief executive officers (CEOs) and senior managers. Thestudy compares current findings in management competences (referred tohere as performance determinants) with previous research in this field.Although previous research has identified such performance determinants,the bulk of the literature has focused on middle management rather thanon senior management. Sixty-six CEOs and senior managers in the publicsector were interviewed. Preliminary analysis of the data indicated thatthere was little evidence of a generic model identifying the performancedeterminants for senior managers.
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  • 27
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 9-15 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The Graduate Development Project involved a close examination ofgraduate development in eight UK-based companies over a three-yearperiod. Questionnaire data were obtained from a total of 1,189 graduatesin the first few years of their careers, and 677 of their managers. Thelatter stages of the project involved company-specific development workof various kinds. Key findings are reported concerning graduates'experiences, attitudes and self-rated competences. These are comparedand contrasted with their managers' views. Differences betweencompanies, and between graduates at different stages of early career,are examined. The graduate experiences which most powerfully influenceoutcomes such as organizational commitment are identified. The impact ofthe project on the management of graduate development is discussed.
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  • 28
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 3-8 
    ISSN: 0143-7739
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Firms involved in international business are affected by many crisis andcrisis-like events not generally associated with normal operations.Crisis management provides a business firm with a systematic, orderlyresponse to crisis situations. Many crises can be prevented - or atleast coped with more effectively - through early detection. The realchallenge is not just to recognize crises, but to recognize them in atimely fashion and with a will to address the issues they represent. Acrisis in an international business firm can consist of as many as fourdifferent and distinct phases: prodromal crisis stage, acute crisisstage, chronic crisis stage and crisis resolution stage. Recognizingthese phases, and dealing with them effectively, gives the businessmanager an important edge in addressing issues of importance to theorganization.
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  • 29
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    Leadership & organization development journal 15 (1994), S. 24-29 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reviews the ideas of Robert Fritz and discusses their implication forthe practice of organizational change. The importance of"structure" is emphasized, which can give rise to two types of behaviourwithin the organization; "oscillation" and "resolving". Oscillation isbrought about by tensions in the structure, and mitigates against theresolution of organizational problems. Tension is largely due toconflict between the "desire for change" and the "desire forstability". The application of these ideas is illustrated by anorganizational change intervention, where the tension and oscillationwas related to differing preferences for a "short-term" versus"long-term" focus on results. Only after these tensions had been resolvedcould a "creative" solution to the organization's strategic problems bearrived at.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 4-6 
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Aimed at all parties involved with investigating, negotiating andconcluding an insurance claim in respect of subsidence. Emphasizes thereasons why problems occur, in which direction the problem has travelledand what can be done to prevent problems occurring.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 11-16 
    ISSN: 0263-080X
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The second half of an examination of the difficulties that may arisewhen protected trees are growing close to historic buildings. Givespractical advice as to how to resolve the conflict of interests.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 7-10 
    ISSN: 0263-080X
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Asks the scientist's standard questions about the weathertightness ofbuildings - what are the problems, where and when do they occur, why dothey occur, and how and when can they be overcome. Applies the sametheoretical considerations to remedial measures as to original design.Factors such as the nature of weather, weathertightness designprinciples of the different joint types and their modes of failure, andlimitations of materials are discussed, together with the benefits ofplanned maintenance schedules. Concludes with a bibliography of usefulreading. Armed with this information, professionals will be able to makemore cost effective decisions on the choice of remedial measures. Willbe followed by further investigation and diagnosis of weather-tightnessproblems, and the selection of appropriate remedial measures.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 21-22 
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Provides a brief outline of the problems which the air-conditioningindustry faces in finding suitable alternatives to chlorofluorocarbons((CFCs) in refrigeration equipment.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 17-20 
    ISSN: 0263-080X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Second part of a perspective of the development of the English brick andits use since the 15th century. Evaluates the many varying externalinfluences such as trade links, architectural fashions, industrialdevelopments and social factors that were invariably under-pinning thestyles and practices of the brickmaker and bricklayer down thecenturies. Analyses this history in a series of chronological periods,i.e. 1485-1603; 1603-1830 and 1830-1914. The pattern of study remainingconsistent within each period, that being - what was the significantsocio-economic and political movement in relation to construction, andwhat, if any, part did it play in influencing change in the making anduse of bricks. Looks at how and why brick manufacture and brickworkwere responding, and when within these periods, considering who were theimportant figures in these changes and developments. Concludes that thebrickwork, which marks each period, is the result not only ofdevelopments in the brickmaking process and the craft skills of thebricklayers, but also of foreign influences, social and economic changesin the country, and the inevitable gradual influence of buildingcontrol, through legislation, necessary to ensure safe and sanitaryhousing in the urban environment of a major industrial country.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 26-32 
    ISSN: 0263-080X
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Explains the provisions of The Property Misdescriptions Act and thecircumstances in which offences may be committed. The Act is aimed atproperty developers and estate agents, but will affect surveyors asproviders of data concerning properties, as expert witnesses and asprofessional associates of estate agents.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 10-14 
    ISSN: 0263-080X
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: While the tendency for clay to shrink in dry weather and to damagebuildings has been known for more than a century, the post-war work ofthe Building Research Establishment and recent availability of insurancefunds to pay for rectification of subsidence damage have led to a focuson this aspect of building failure, where millions of pounds are spentannually. At some point in each case a decision is made as to whetherunderpinning is required or not. Reports results of a survey of thetechnical factors which engineers consider when making a decision ofwhether to recommend underpinning. Analysis of the data indicated thatonly one factor, the quantity of damage, significantly influenced theunder-pinning decision.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 18-19 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Outlines the structure and working arrangements of the Building ServicesResearch and Information Association (BSRIA) and gives examples ofprojects using its £1.2 million research programme. Emphasizes the widespectrum of construction industry membership and how this can greatlyenhance the value of research for the industry.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 15-17 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Draws attention to the poisonous effects of lead and details thelegislation which protects those who work in industries which use leadin their processes and manufactures. Gives particular consideration tolead in paint, especially to be found in houses built pre-1965, and theinherent dangers in the removal of such paint to contractors, DIYenthusiasts and the occupants, especially children, who are moresusceptible to lead absorption. Provides details of preventive measures,and concludes that surveyors have a responsibility to warn of thedangers of lead in property and to test for its presence in paint andwater supplies.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 5-9 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Surveyors, who may be involved in specifying retro-fitted cavityinsulation, need to know the key factors which influence the potentialrisk of rain penetration. Proposes guidance for surveyors to undertake alow-cost initial visual survey and desk study as a first stage in theassessment of a dwelling's suitability for retro-fitted cavityinsulation. A case-study of low-rise housing on a local authority estateon the south coast of England, which has retro-fitted cavity insulation,allowed the identification of these key factors and testing of theirstatistical significance. Factors identified are aspect towardsprevailing wind and driving rain index; exposure (related to localtopographic and sheltering features); wall impermeability; and anyfactors of particular significance to the site. If an individualdwelling has a combination of these factors, it is likely to have a 60per cent increased risk of rain penetration.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 20-23 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Traces the history of the use of ceramics in the decoration ofbuildings. Provides definitions of the various types of ceramic used inbuildings construction; and their derivation. Follows the use ofterracotta and other glazed architectural ceramics in Britain, fromRoman times to the present; from the height of usage in buildings in thenineteenth century through to decline in the early twentieth century astastes changed and in reaction to former highly decorated styles. Nowonly two manufacturers survive in the UK which produce a full range ofterracotta products.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 24-28 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Encourages the saving of distressed stucco and fibrous plaster ceilingsof merit and shows that repairs are able to be carried out in nearly allcases by use of traditional materials, all of which are available in oneform or another. These ceilings are able to be reinstated/ conservedusing plaster firms and conservationists, with specialist adviceavailable supported by many years of experience. Such ceilings are to befound throughout the UK, ranging from small residences to theatres,historic houses and palaces. It is indicated that repair of the ceilingsmust be carried out as soon as possible by the use of qualified artisansand conservators using methods, some being described, with emphasis oncalling in experts at an early stage.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 27-31 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Explains why the safety measures in England and Ireland have beenunsuitable for application to historic buildings and points out that theprotection of property has rarely been considered. Details howinflexible the fire safety legislation and regulations have been. Theconflict between officers dealing with planning conservation andbuilding control officers led to a review of regulations. Outlines thesereviews, and the flexibility and changes which were brought about withthe introduction of the new 1991 Building Regulations. Discusses the newapproach to fire safety in historic buildings and the results it hasachieved, for example, recognition of smoke damage and detectionsystems.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 4-7 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Reports on a risk assessment survey, piloted in five London schools,which aimed to assess the schools' susceptibility to vandalism, and toestablish which elements had the greatest effect on such vandalism.Findings show that most schools suffer vandalism of external areas, thelevel of which depends on boundary definition and maintenance, thenumber of entrances, whether sites are patrolled, and a building'sgeometry. Suggests that objective risk assessment for schools ispossible, and that headteachers can use such assessment to protect theirschools more cost-effectively.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 8-10 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Outlines a broad strategy for fire safety management, including thedevelopment of a proper safety manual, the appointment of a fire safetymanager, written emergency procedures, site plans, ongoing maintenanceand evaluation of safety systems, and post-fire procedures. Brieflydiscusses upgrading structures with sensitivity, which is of particularconcern regarding historic buildings, and details specific materials andtechniques which may be relevant. Discusses building-control issues inIreland and current fire-control regulations both there and pertainingto the EC.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 34-39 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Examines the circumstances under which damages may be recovered, thevarious types of damages, and sets out the basis of calculating damages.Concludes with a reference to the case of Cambridge Water Co. v. EasternCountries Leather plc in relation to damages.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 11-12 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Reports on a research programme, undertaken at the Structural TimberResearch Unit of the University of Brighton, UK, which aimed to provideinformation on the long-term structural performance of Glulam timber. Inparticular, addresses the issue of continuously measuring the moisturecontent of beams undergoing creep testing in a cyclic humidityenvironment. Suggests that the method of testing described could be ofparticular use in situations where there is limited access and wherethere is a history of moisture penetration associated with unusual roofdesigns and older buildings subject to preservation orders.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 24-26 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Lists various legal cases involving a landlord's obligation to effectrepairs to property, such as: repair vs. renew; replacement; tenant'sobligation to notify and/or contribute towards the cost of damage;lessor's and lessee's obligations; "running repairs", etc.
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Aims to: familiarize the audience with the potentially seriousconsequences of exposure to lead and ways of preventing them; facilitateunderstanding of how massive environmental contamination with leadoccurred, and is still happening, with the expectation that thisknowledge will be useful in designing strategies to reduce environmentalcontamination with lead and other toxic substances, in the future;emphasizes the relevance of lead to the subject-matter of virtuallyevery department in schools of arts and sciences in anticipation thatsome instructors will incorporate this information into their respectivecourses to increase their students' awareness of this topic. Discussessome of the properties and uses of lead and its compounds and thenindicates its ubiquitous presence in air, water, soil, dust and food.Considers some effects of exposure to lead and describes some pivotalcontributions of various researchers. Explores the role of lead inhistory, in literature and in art. Briefly surveys occupational exposureto lead in the USA and elsewhere. Describes the reasons for, andconsequences of, lead in petrol and in paint. Summarizes an outstandingpaper on the topic of values and lead. Finally, based on an examinationof a portion of the voluminous literature on lead, offers some opinionson this subject.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 4-9 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Debonding, leading to the subsequent detachment of applied finishes toconcrete buildings, is becoming a serious problem in many parts of theworld. Checking building elevations by employing the technique ofInfra-red Thermography using a process developed by the writer can giveadvance warning of potential defects. This can enable early remedialaction to be undertaken to repair a building surface before it becomesdetached from the concrete substrate, possibly resulting in a hazard topassers-by. The thermographic test method has been compared with othermore traditionally used NDT methods including sounding, rebound hammer,and ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements. Although the thermographicequipment is initially more expensive, the surveying method can be shownto be faster and more accurate than any other technique currentlyavailable for this type of building evaluation.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 27-28 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Reviews piling methods and their possible effects, mainly duringconstruction, on adjacent structures, noting that piling falls into twobasic types: displacement, where the material is forced into the ground,and replacement, where the ground is removed and replaced with concreteor grout. Examines the merits and demerits of their variousapplications.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 10-14 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Reviews the general state of computer systems in the constructionindustry. Reports on a survey aimed at examining the attitudes ofpeople in the construction industry regarding computer applications andreveals the importance of computers in areas such as engineering andmanagement. Highlights the prospects of computer applications in thefuture and concludes that advances in technology are going to require achange in attitude between all parties in the industry.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 15-20 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Studies the various contemporary standard brick products that areavailable and examines in detail their inherent properties andclassifications which ensures that British bricks conform to therequirements of British Standards Specifications. These properties aresignificant and the engineer and architect must give them dueconsideration, for it is their responsibility to ensure they specifycorrectly for particular applications, and in so doing they should bearin mind that all bricks are not necessarily appropriate for allapplications. This information will help professionals to makewell-considered judgements on brick selection and application.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 21-23 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Traces the development of Surface Penetrating Radar (SPR) and thereasons for its use by the police in the recent search for human remainsin Gloucestershire. An explanation is given of the general electronicprinciples on which the SPR functions. Also outlines the applicationsof this equipment in surveying and the benefits of this method comparedwith other non-destructive, as well as destructive, testing methods.There is a summary of a research project to assess the equipment'scapabilities in surveying masonry structures, including examples of thereadings obtained.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 31-34 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Traces the development of terracotta in the USA, by particular referenceto its use in buildings erected in New York. The influence ofarchitectural developments in England utilizing terracotta during the1860s and early 1870s is recognized, and the transfer of British craftskills and manufacturing expertise to the USA are described. The roleplayed by terracotta in the development of fire resisting construction,and its subsequent widespread use as a cladding for the early iron andsteel framed skyscrapers is examined. Representative examples of the useof terracotta in New York, and especially Manhattan, are described andillustrated for the period from 1850 to the decline in its use with theonset of World War II.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 12-14 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Identifies the information available from searches of the Local LandCharges Register (LLCR) and the duty of local authorities to supplyinformation and copies of relevant documents. Describes the means ofobtaining further information about properties from local authoritieswhether by means of standard enquiry forms or separate requests forinformation. Considers the duty of local authorities to reply to suchenquiries. Includes a summary of the different parts of the LLCR, anddetails of the standard enquiries covered in the new enquiry form CON29.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 15-17 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Reviews a recent case in the Official Referees Court where it wasalleged that a surveyor did not give sufficient warning about the severedamage that the death watch beetle can do to a timber-framed house.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 4-10 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Although cathedrals represent arguably the greatest contribution to ourarchitectural heritage there is no legislation which controls measuresto protect them from fire. Since the major fire at York Minster in 1984the many cathedral authorities have undertaken varying amounts of workto prevent a similar tragedy, but there remain unprotected cathedralsand no consensus on further progress. Addresses the complex nature ofcathedral buildings in fire safety terms along with the conflictinherent in introducing modern protective measures in structures ofenormous historic and aesthetic quality. Examines data held by theleading insurer of cathedrals in England and Wales, the EcclesiasticalInsurance Group, and sets it alongside the authors' own research toreveal a picture of great variation in methods and measures of fireprotection, and a sense of the changes which are underway or can beexpected in coming years. At a time when grant aid for Englishcathedrals has become available and may soon be extended to cover firesafety measures, provides timely information on financial issues,technical difficulties and fire management policies which lie at thecentre of debate, and considers some of the issues which must beaddressed.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 24-30 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Concentrates on the importance of the European Commission's Green Paperon the Urban Environment which recognizes the need to preserve thehistorical heritage of the built environment. Highlights the work whichneeds to be done to reach the level of architectural preservation in theRepublic of Ireland comparable with that of The Netherlands and the UK.Lists the history of planning and conservation in Ireland, theconservation apparent in Dublin and the improvements in policy beingundertaken by the Government. Assesses the effectiveness of thebuilding preservation policy in Dublin from a number of standpoints andconcentrates on the case example of 95 Capel Street concerning dangerouslisted buildings and the willingness of building safety management todeal with such problems sympathetically.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 18-22 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Describes the geological distribution of Reigate Stone, a calcareoussandstone, and comments on its extraction in medieval times. Examinesits characteristics to explain its popularity for carved work on manyimportant historic buildings and advises on its identification. Explainsthe distribution of Reigate stone in buildings by reference to transportlinks and summarizes the results of archival and field investigations ina distribution map. Discusses the significance of chemical decay usingexamples from Surrey churches.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 31-34 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Individual schools may now elect to operate their own budget for alltheir basic running costs (including staffing, books, stationery,equipment, building maintenance, cleaning, grounds maintenance, schoolmeals and fuel). The problem of maintenance being given low priorityhas been raised.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 23-30 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The second part of two articles concerning conservation in the Republicof Ireland; highlights financial support for the preservation of listedbuildings in the republic of Ireland. Reports that Dublin Corporation'sList 3 buildings are maintained through state funds, however only onebuilding in Dublin outside state ownership has been supported by thisfund. Suggests the usefulness of a national system of grants or subsidyto assist private owners in preserving their listed buildings andreports on existing funds available to private owners. Reveals that mostdilapidated buildings in Dublin City are within Government "designatedareas" and have tax incentives to assist refurbishment: describesfailures in this system. Continues to outline further conservationareas, plans and and Acts necessary to ensure Dublin's heritage is fullyprotected for the future.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 4-7 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Describes a number of ways in which fluorescent dyes have been used toinvestigate different construction problems, highlighting in particularthe areas of stone cladding cracking, moisture prevention in cavitywalls and microscopical and reconstructed stone testing. Concludes thatgood observation, coupled with careful consideration of the problems inhand, is essential to ensure that the appropriate methods are used andthe right conclusions drawn.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 10-15 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Over the past few years there has been a significant upsurge of interestin building performance and its appraisal. As the expectations andstandards of property users increase, appraisers of buildings have hadto develop improved evaluation methods. Building surveyors, as keytechnical appraisal specialists in construction, have a contribution tomake in this growing field. A great deal of the extant research onbuilding performance has been at the "micro-level" where either individualbuilding elements or aspects of a building's internal environment havebeen critically evaluated. Such work can highlight component failuresand cryptoclimate problems, but it does little to enlarge ourunderstanding of how buildings perform overall. Discusses some of thecurrent issues assessing the total performance of buildings. Refines themodel labelled property efficiency appraisal (PEA) for evaluating thetotal performance of existing buildings. Considers the key factors andinfluences for a "macro-level" assessment of the total performance ofexisting buildings and points the way ahead.
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    Structural survey 12 (1994), S. 16-18 
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    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Briefly reviews the history of the calcium silicate brick and examinesthe manufacturing process involved. Details various qualities of thebricks, including durability, precision, thermal conductivity and somemore general attributes, and advises on which conditions are most suitedto the use of calcium silicate bricks.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 22-25 
    ISSN: 0263-4503
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines McCarthy & Stone plc, the market leader in retirement housing.Traditionally a construction-oriented industry, at best sales-oriented.Charts the story of the writer's activities as Marketing and SalesDirector in changing this orientation at a time in the late 1980s whenthe company's market dominance was under tremendous assault fromemergent competitors. Underlines the importance of challenginghistorical practices and how to handle the inevitable fall-out.Marketing is an integrative process, and this requires total conversionof all disciplines within the company at all levels. Gives practicaladvice and a checklist of various stages for those charged with the taskof developing marketing attitudes. Provides hints and suggestions on howto win the hearts and minds of all staff and point everyone in the samedirection. Deals with human relationship, team dynamics, corporatestrategy and the importance of the total involvement role of marketing.Gives support to those marketing practitioners facing the inevitablebrick wall of tradition and inertia in companies divorced from therealities of the marketplace.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 41-46 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Recent press reports detailing the success of new industrial enterprisesare often misleading. In actuality, failure rates remain high and thevast majority of new ventures will not survive for five years. Advancesthe notion that, while failure is sometimes beyond the immediate controlof company owners (trade and embargo policies barring entry of products,natural disasters such as fire or earthquake destroying companyfacilities), an impressive number of potential crises can be prevented.Further, mitigation steps such as crisis marketing planning can minimizethe negative impact on cash flow and company image that often emergesfrom disaster. A firm that integrates this planning into its strategicplan (and concurrently informs potential investors that it has ponderedand planned for worst-case scenarios) is ultimately better prepared tocope with crisis and reassure stakeholders.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 37-41 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Employs weights based on relative errors produced by two or more modelsto formulate a consensus forecast. This method better captures changingpatterns through time and sharply reduces size of forecast error.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 29-36 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the relationship between selected strategies designed toenhance the response rate to a survey and uninformed response, or thetendency of respondents to deliberately "guess at" or otherwise answersurvey questions when they lack sufficient knowledge or experience toprovide an informed response. Uninformed response is one of severalpotential sources of response error, or error that results frominaccurate responses to survey questions, that trouble marketingresearchers and others involved in survey research. Drawing on an oftenexpressed concern that techniques designed to increase the overallresponse rate to a survey might negatively affect response quality ingeneral (and uninformed response in particular), tests the effect ofthree response-inducing techniques (monetary incentives, surveysponsorship, and type of appeal) on uninformed response in oneparticular survey. The findings suggest that monetary inducement and,depending on other characteristics of the survey design, sponsorship andtype of appeal as well, do affect the level of uninformed response.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 18-20 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Since Family Assurance started life in 1975 the society has grown tobecome the UK's largest tax-exempt friendly society. In 1994 the firstphase of a new computer system - FACE, for Family Assurance ClientEnvironment - will come on-stream. Describes how the core of the newsystem, the in-house marketing database, was set up to optimize directmailing activity, improve client selection for mailings and helpdetermine campaigns and product design. Assesses the success of thesystem so far and potential benefits in the future.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 30-38 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have many potential applicationsvirtually in wide areas ranging from engineering to management.Recently, a great deal of interest (and effort) has been directedtowards using ANNs in business practice. In particular, they have beenused in areas which were once reserved for multivariate statisticalanalysis. Owing to this they are often considered to be statisticalmethods. Marketing researchers and managers who are not aware of theconceptual differences between these two methods cannot use this new"cutting-edge" technology effectively. Discusses the conceptualdifferences and similarities between the two methods, having in mindmarket researchers and managers who are looking for new tools to supporttheir decision making.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 18-23 
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Focuses on the case example of one of the leading wallcoveringmanufacturers in the UK. Explores issues surrounding the development ofbrands within a commodity-type market. The research attempted to analysethe factors which affected the decision-buying process for the consumer,together with the role that the major DIY multiples played in creatingand communicating an effective brand identity. The results of theinitial research uncover a major deficiency in brand policy within thissector. They also indicate the importance of any branding policy beingconsistently communicated to the consumer and integrated across themanufacturer and retailer spectrum. Considers the need for alternativemanagement styles in creating and establishing a successful brandingstrategy.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 37-48 
    ISSN: 0263-4503
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Entrepreneurs and innovation go together like the proverbial horse andcarriage. Entrepreneurs seek opportunities and innovations often providethe instrument for them to succeed. However, certain cultural andstructural attributes are inherent within a society which can emphasizeentrepreneurial activity and hence innovation. A set of negativestructure attributes also exist which lead directly to a lessening ofopportunities and numbers for would-be entrepreneurs. This leads tofewer new ventures and hence less innovation. Examines structuralelements and factors regarding whether or not these factors can resultin being either stimulating or dampening entrepreneurial activity. Alsoprovides a set of recommendations on what a society or locale can do toprovide the positive structure needed to maintain or propel innovationand entrepreneurship.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 4-10 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: As marketing knowledge and market competition increase, so too does theneed for better segmentation. Psychographics can offer greater insightsinto customer behaviour, but the procedures for identifyingpsychographic segments are complicated and this may be inhibiting itsuse. Explores the process of identifying psychographic risk segments inpurchasers of consultancy services by taking the reader stepwise throughthe necessary statistical procedures. Part 1 considers factor andcluster analysis, while Part 2 looks at multiple discriminant analysis.The analysis shows that three potential risk segments exist which differdemographically and in their risk perceptions.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 18-29 
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The South African tourism industry is expected to develop substantiallyover the next five years owing to anticipated high tourism market growthrates. However, tourism demand is subject to a host of uncontrollablefactors which are difficult to measure and project. Despite this factthe tourism industry of a country, including both private sector andpublic sector operators, needs scientifically accepted projection basesto make investment and other strategic decisions. Aims to convey theresults and recommendations of an empirical study based on the Delphiresearch model and to indicate the implications thereof for futurenational tourism strategies of South Africa. The approach, methodologyand techniques used in the research are relevant to researchersinternationally and the recommendations are useful for national tourismpolicy and strategy formulation in any geographical context.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 11-17 
    ISSN: 0263-4503
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: As marketing knowledge and market competition increase, so too does theneed for better segmentation. Psychographics can offer greater insightsinto customer behaviour, but the procedures for identifyingpsychographic segments are complicated and this may be inhibiting itsuse. Explores the process of identifying psychographic risk segments inpurchasers of consultancy services by taking the reader stepwise throughthe necessary statistical procedures. Part 1 considers factor andcluster analysis, while Part 2 looks at multiple discriminant analysis.The analysis shows that three potential risk segments exist which differdemographically and in their risk perceptions.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 4-17 
    ISSN: 0263-4503
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Global procurement is not a simple or easy solution to a company'ssourcing needs. With new markets and changing competitors challengingestablished business, global sourcing is now offering an opportunity fororganizations to meet these challenges on a global basis. Discusses thevaried interpretations and significance of global sourcing as aningredient of success, emphasizing the link between world-classproduction/quality, marketing and procurement. From these discussionsand empirical evidence, provides a matrix of management choices tofacilitate the selection of worldwide sourcing strategies mostappropriate to corporate goals.
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    Marketing intelligence & planning 12 (1994), S. 24-29 
    ISSN: 0263-4503
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Addresses the issue of formulating strategic plans. A variety oftechniques are suggested in the literature. Reports on the use of twoof these techniques in helping to formulate strategic plans in theoperating division of a large multinational company. The Porter forcesof competition model and the TOWS model proved useful tools in practice.The practicalities of trying to implement a strategic plan for thecompany produced some useful contributions to strategic managementtheory.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 5-15 
    ISSN: 0263-7472
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Aims to report the results of research into the techniques offorecasting long-term building industry prospects. Outlines the actualresults of research into the Australian building industry and contraststhe results and factors stressed by a number of forecasters. Develops amodel to show the interrelationships between the key parameters.Consequent on comparisons over a long period (mostly 1960/70 etseq.) and detailed research since 1980, a high degree of validity of theresultant hypothesis has been developed. Therefore, considers thehypothesis and resultant model to be reliable to forecast buildingindustry forecasts beyond the year 2000. Gives consideration to thereliability and validity of the results of the research into forecastingthe building industry prospects in any country's economy.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 16-25 
    ISSN: 0263-7472
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Management education is a vital component in the training process forall building professionals and increasing emphasis is being placed oninculcating an effective management ability in addition to specialisttechnical skills. Outlines the philosophy employed in the design anddevelopment of two MSc courses for project and property managers in theSchool of Building & Estate Management, Faculty of Architecture &Building, National University of Singapore. Makes an evaluation of theexperience gained through five years of operation and proposes thenature of future changes. The need for Singapore to enhance the qualityof its human resources as a marketable commodity both regionally andinternationally is perceived as an important requirement for maintainingfuture business success and continued economic growth and survival.Management needs are ever-changing and diverse and a recognition of theskills and expertise required in the market is considered to be ofparamount importance in the design of future curriculum development.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 26-27 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The manner in which the role of the managing agent has evolved in recentyears has been well documented. In these times of recession and economicuncertainty there has been a further and equally significant change inthe role of the managing agent - this time in philosophy. Looks at thereason behind the change in philosophy and the value in providing abalanced service catering for the needs of both landlord and tenant,with particular emphasis on the payment of occupational costs by thetenant and the way in which these can be controlled by the landlord.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 31-32 
    ISSN: 0263-7472
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Based on an evening workshop held under the auspices of the ConstructionIndustry Environmental Forum on Tuesday, 27 April 1993, describes thedevelopment of an Environmental Code of Practice for Buildings and theirServices.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 28-30 
    ISSN: 0263-7472
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Explains the factors, and their relative importance, which influencecompanies when considering relocation. Based on research recentlyundertaken into this subject. The main criteria in the choice ofpremises were location, a prestigious building, good car parking,flexible space at the right price and a comfortable and secure workingenvironment. Developers should also work with tenants concerning theirparticular specifications and requirements. Making the right choice canresult in improved employee productivity, together with savings inenergy and maintenance costs. Capital & Counties has attracted newtenants by building environmentally sensitive and aesthetically-pleasingpremises. In conclusion, argues that if developers plan new officescarefully, with the emphasis on tenant care, this should ensure botheconomic and environmental benefits
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 33-34 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The landlord-tenant relationship is one of the oldest forms of legalagreement with us today. The last seven centuries have seen English lawdevelop through the operation of both the courts and statute. The resultfor the unpaid landlord has been a bewildering array of remedies.Considers the developing range of options open to the landlord ormanaging agent in trying to recover rents and other dues in the face ofmounting financial problems among tenants. Focuses on practicalitiesand selection criteria for the procedures considered
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 16-21 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Joint ventures in property development can bring considerable benefitsto the parties. For example, in a joint venture involving a localauthority the authority will be able to play a positive role in urbanregeneration while the developer will gain credibility and hopefullyobtain a smoother planning process. Examines the strengths andweaknesses of the three classic joint venture arrangements: jointventure companies; partnerships; and "contractual" joint ventures.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 22-27 
    ISSN: 0263-7472
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the factors which motivate developers to appoint theirmarketing agents. This is achieved by comparing the views of thedevelopers and real estate agencies as to the importance of the variousattributes or strengths campaigned by the latter. In the process, aimsto uncover if the attributes considered important by the developers inselecting their marketing agents are congruous with the attributescampaigned by the real estate agency firms. This study will be ofinterest to real estate firms who provide agency services as it willhighlight to them the needs and expectations of developers in Singapore.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 28-33 
    ISSN: 0263-7472
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: On 1 April 1990, with the introduction of the Uniform Business Rate,came new provisions relating to the rating of empty non-industrialhereditaments. In a booming marketplace, with almost full occupancy, theimposition of a 50 per cent compulsory unoccupied rate charge might passunnoticed. However, in a depressed market, costs incurred by owners ofunoccupied property have widespread implications. Based onunder-graduate research, concentrates on why unoccupied rate liabilitywas introduced in its previous and present form, the reasons for itspast reform and the justification for reform of the present legislation.Analyses the plight of owners today and prepares a case for the reformof the current legislation.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 4-15 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines the environmental risks involved in managing and investing incommercial/industrial property in the UK. Looks at some of thequestions which prudent landlords should now be asking of their tenantsin order to assess these risks, and concludes that an environmental riskrating system should be developed and adopted by those responsible formanaging and investing in commercial and industrial property. Quitesimply according to the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, 1993,"...all those involved in the appraisal of land and buildings need toinclude environmental factors in their considerations..." and a systemwhich can allow this to take place should be thoroughly debated by theprofession. It is also suggested that tenants who are adopting policiesto regulate their environmental performance offer landlords aninherently less risky investment from an environmental perspective. Thestrength of the occupying tenant's covenant should also be an integralpart of any assessment of potential environmental risks which faceproperty managers.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 34-49 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Looks (in depth) at the Act brought in on 20 July 1993 affectingLeasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development, and which has receivedRoyal Assent. Sets out the principal elements of the two schemes andattempts to point out possible difficulties and hazards.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 5-8 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Considers the possible overall effects of the current review of localgovernment in Britain on the management of the property assets of localauthorities. Draws attention to the present highly uncertain situation,but assumes that reorganization will occur in some form. Considers theways in which the managers of these property assets may have to adapt,and suggests that while the review may well present several threats,there will be some countervailing opportunities for a more effectivestrategic use of the property asset.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 24-28 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The extension of compulsory, competitive tendering to professionalservices, against a background of local government reform is generatingan atmosphere of organizational and operational uncertainty. Examinessome of the issues arising out of the twin processes and highlights someof the areas where questions need to be answered. Both initiatives are,however, dynamic and ongoing, with the only certainty being change!
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 29-32 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses and details the 1994 case of Cambridge Water Co. v. EasternCountries Leather plc and comments on the decision of the House ofLords, which found in favour of the polluter (ECL). Considers someimplications raised by this case about the scope of environmental damageand liability, and concludes that if damage is reasonably forseeablethen liability is strict.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 15-23 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Considers the management of the valuation exercise required of localauthorities to enable them to include asset valuations in their balancesheets after 1994. Examines the problems and opportunities which maycome with the development of an asset register and asset rents and, inparticular, the valuation principles to be employed.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 9-14 
    ISSN: 0263-7472
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Property has been increasingly recognized as a key resource which, ifwell managed, contributes to an organization's success. For localauthorities, property is the environment in which people work and fromwhich services are delivered. In this sense its suitability has animpact on both employees and clients, and therefore an influence on theefficiency and effectiveness of all the organization's activities. Withthe pressure on organizations, not least local government, to deliverever higher quality services at an even lower cost, property must beconsidered as a significant element on both sides of the formula,quality and cost. Elected members and senior managers need to identifyand evaluate if and how property is contributing to value for money.This can only be achieved if both groups are clear about how propertycontributes to the authorities' objectives. Establishes a broadframework for considering property at the most strategic level so thatthe senior management team are able to understand the costs and benefitsof their decisions and the impact on the property resource.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 33-38 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Recent developments in communications technology, such as fibre opticsand satellites, have led to the development of facilities likeelectronic mail, discussion lists and anonymous file transfer protocol(FTP). Explains the nature and use of these facilities, and examinestheir potential application within the field of property management.Aims to: inform property managers of the latest developments incommunications technology; encourage the use of services now availableon wide area networks (WANs); and stimulate discussion about thepossibility of establishing a discussion list on Internet devoted toproperty management.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 18-23 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes research into the present position, involved parties andfuture outlook for property management in Hong Kong. The practice ofproperty management follows traditional styles that can be observed inother developed countries. The property management industry represents avery small, but essential part of the overall property sector. The majorexecutants in Hong Kong are: property management agents in the privatesector; statutory bodies responsible for the management of propertiesowned and developed by the public sector; and participatory buildingmanagement organizations.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 4-11 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Higher education institutions face ongoing accommodation problems.Considers a methodology that could assist decision makers in theidentification and preliminary evaluation of various accommodationoptions. Identifies three key stages: specification of objectives;identification of options; and evaluation of options. For the firststage, highlights the importance of recognizing strategic objectives. Inthe second stage, identifies alternative ways of achieving objectives,in particular the improved use and/or change in use of space. In thethird stage, considers a weighting system, that might help identifyoptions which are most likely best to meet objectives.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 12-17 
    ISSN: 0263-7472
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes the historical background to urban land policy in China. Since1979, policies of economic reform have been instituted. In the new"socialist market economy", incentive-based competition betweenenterprises has arisen and managers and workers now have interest andreturns more closely allied to profitability. Describes recentlegislation to consolidate the moves to reform the land market. Urbanland reform has provided a supply of land on to the market to establisha functioning property market. It has restrained land use inagriculture, diverting land to a higher, more profitable use.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 24-33 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Illustrates, through review, the apparent success of science parks,which, despite increased occupancy and investment levels, remaindependent on public-sector support. Highlights characteristics, whichboth contribute to such success and distinguish this form of developmentfrom other forms of property development (notably similar forms such asbusiness parks). Proposes various determinants for the potential successof hi-tech industrial property developments, and suggests that certaintypes of development (i.e. unfavourable geographical location) have beenoverwhelmingly motivated by a will to participate in urban economicregeneration contrary to prevailing market forces. Concludes byquestioning the lasting benefits and potential for continued success ofsuch development.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 40-43 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: With an estimated potential annual saving on property and facilitiesrunning costs across the Government civil estate of over £100 million,strategic facilities management represents an enormous opportunity forthe public sector to improve its value for money. Explains why publicsector resistance to change is waning.
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    Property management 12 (1994), S. 34-39 
    ISSN: 0263-7472
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In view of the current interest in international property investment,briefly reviews various aspects of current French law and marketpractice relating to commercial leases. Points out that the positions ofthe landlord and tenant in France are different from those in otherjurisdictions: the duration of the lease is nine or sometimes 12 years;the tenant can terminate at the end of each three-year period unless thetenant has contracted out of such right; rent is normally indexedannually; rent can be reviewed at three-yearly intervals but the amountof the review is capped save for exceptional circumstances; the rent onrenewal is capped, though this does not apply to premises which are usedexclusively as offices or where the lease exceeds nine years.
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