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  • Articles  (368)
  • Berghahn  (368)
  • Sociology  (368)
  • Political Science
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  • 1
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    Overconsumption as Ideology (2020)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2020-06-01
    Description: In response to climate change projections, scientists and concerned citizens are increasingly calling for changes in personal consumption. However, these calls ignore the true relationship between production and consumption and the ongoing propagation of the ideology of overconsumption. In this article, we draw from Western Marxist theorists to explain the ideology of overconsumption and its implications for addressing global climate change. Drawing from Herbert Marcuse and Guy Debord, we illustrate how production drives consumption, how advertising promotes false needs and excess, how these power relations are concealed, and how they undermine social and ecological well-being. Specific to climate change, continued widespread support for increasing levels of production and economic growth will undermine efforts to reduce carbon emissions and limit global warming. Given the relationships between production and carbon emissions, effective mitigation efforts will require significant systemic changes in work, production, consumption, advertising, and social norms.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
    Published by Berghahn
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  • 2
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    “Litigation Is Our Last Resort” (2020)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2020-06-01
    Description: The permitting of large-scale industrial mines is often controversial and litigious. This article examines three legal battles over the exploratory permitting of the Pebble mine in southwestern Alaska to examine the logics and rationalities used to legitimize the permitting, the alternate epistemic arguments made by the resistance movements to redraw state-constructed boundaries, and differing definitions of land-based resources, pollution, and bias. It asks how conflicting knowledge claims and epistemic injustice are debated and settled in court. All three legal cases observed demonstrate conditions of scientific uncertainty, undone science, and bias, failing to hold space for diverse representations within legal claims. Citizen science is partially successful in addressing epistemic injustice, but to effectively mediate justice, law must distinctively question both knowledge construction and phronetic risks, including values, intent, bias, privilege, and agency, and take into consideration the ontological multiplicities and civic epistemologies of the parties within legal claims.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 3
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    The Emergence of Enlightened Anthropocentrism in Ecological Restoration (2012)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2012-03-01
    Description: Over the past decade a shift can be noticed from ecological restoration to ecological design, where ecological design stands for a technocratic approach that courts hubris and mastery rather than humility and self-restraint. Following Eric Higgs, this shift can be seen as a “hyperactive and heedless response“ to global environmental change, especially climate change. The new technocratic approach may be best characterized as enlightened (or prudential) anthropocentrism, where nature is only allowed that degree of agency which is required to deliver the services that are essential for human well-being. It is not only questionable if we have the scientific and technical abilities to purposeful design ecosystems that will serve our needs, but also if the new approach will be sufficient to protect biodiversity in the long run.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 4
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    Studying and Doing Energy Transition (2013)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-01
    Description: Hess, David J. 2012. Good Green Jobs in a Global Economy: Making and Keeping New Industries in the United States. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Verbong, Geert, and Derk Loorbach, eds. 2012. Governing the Energy Transition: Reality, Illusion or Necessity? New York: Routledge.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 5
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    The Politics of Greening the City (2018)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2018-03-01
    Description: The neighborhood of Kuzguncuk in Istanbul has been the theater of a 20-year struggle between the authorities and the local population concerning a green area present in the center of the district. This struggle was interesting as it concerned visions of green areas and more globally of society. The inhabitants wanted to have an open green and social area, whereas the centralized authority wanted to use this land for a profitable building project, without any consultation of the neighborhood. In 2015, a park was inaugurated on this land, the result of a compromise between political authorities and inhabitants of Kuzguncuk. Because of this compromise, this is a unique case, and it will be interesting to understand how different visions of green areas and societal values brought about a project such as that of Kuzguncuk.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 6
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    Reclaiming Stewardship in Ghana: Religion and Climate Change (2013)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-01
    Description: The hydra-headed nature of climate change—affecting not just climate but all other domains of human life—requires not just technological fixes but cultural innovation. It is impossible to ignore a devoutly religious majority in Ghana, a nation where diverse religious communities' perspectives on climate change and their views on the way forward are crucial. This article aims to empirically explore how Christian, Islamic, and indigenous African religious leaders view the challenges of climate change and what countermeasures they propose. Interestingly, most our informants have indicated that the reasons for the current environmental crisis are, in equal degree, Ghana's past colonial experience and deviation from religious beliefs and practice, while the main obstacle to sustainable development is poverty. There was unanimity on the reclamation of religious values and principles that promote the idea of stewardship as a way forward toward a sustainable future. This, however, functions more as a faith claim and a religiously inspired normative postulate than a program of concrete action.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 7
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    Is Green the New Red?: The Role of Religion in Creating a Sustainable China (2013)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-01
    Description: The Chinese Daoist Association has embarked upon an ambitious agenda to promote Daoism as China's "green religion". This new construction of a "green Daoism" differs, however, from both traditional Chinese and modern Western interpretations of the affinity between Daoism and nature. In promoting Daoism as a green religion, the Chinese Daoist Association is not aiming to restore some mythical utopia of humans living in harmony with nature, but instead to support a nationalist agenda of patriotism and scientific development. At the same time, as I shall argue, this agenda may deliver positive benefits in the form of protecting the local environments around important sacred sites that are located in areas of outstanding natural beauty.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 8
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    Converting Community Knowledge into Catchment Nutrient Limits: A Constructivist Analysis of a New Zealand Collaborative Approach to Water Management (2013)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2013-06-01
    Description: The question posed in this article is how shifts in governance ushered in by the sustainability paradigm are reshaping knowledge governance. Drawing on constructivist theories of knowledge, I examine the tension between the sustainability mandate to open up knowledge making to local knowledge, and conventional science policy practice that would see it excluded. I present a water management case study from New Zealand's South Island region of Canterbury, where communities are involved in establishing catchment nutrient limits to manage land use and water quality. It is concluded that although local knowledge was embraced within the knowledge-making process, the pursuit of epistemic authority led to its recalibration, aggregation, and standardization. As such, it was stripped of its complexity. This research highlights the role of politics in anchoring the linear knowledge governance model in place and the challenge for supplanting it.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 9
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    Capitalism, Socialism, and the Environment (2013)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2013-06-01
    Description: Foster, John B., Brett Clark, and Richard York. 2010. The Ecological Rift: Capitalism’s War on the Earth. New York: Monthly Review Press.Williams, Chris. 2010. Ecology and Socialism: Solutions to Capitalist Ecological Crisis. Chicago, IL: Haymarket Books.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
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  • 10
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    Science in Policy Making (2013)
    Berghahn
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    Publication Date: 2013-03-01
    Description: Ecological challenges are becoming more and more complex, as are their effects on nature and society and the actions to address them. Calls for a more sustainable development to address these challenges and to mitigate possible negative future impacts are not unproblematic, particularly due to the complexity, uncertainty, and long-term nature of possible consequences (Newig et al. 2008). Knowledge about the various impacts—be they ecological, economic, or social—policies might have is therefore pivotal. But the relationship between such knowledge and the myriad ways it may be used is particularly challenging. The example of policy impact assessment systems is a case in point. Recent years have seen an institutionalization of such systems for evaluating consequences of regulatory activities across the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD 2008) and the European Union (CEC 2002). It is argued that, by utilizing scientific and other evidence, impact assessment has the potential to deliver more sustainable policies and to address large-scale global challenges.
    Print ISSN: 1558-6073
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-5468
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Sociology
    Published by Berghahn
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