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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (10,976)
  • 1985-1989  (10,976)
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  • 1
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    Two forms of autosomal chronic granulomatous disease lack distinct neutrophil cytosol factors (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-02
    Description: Chronic granulomatous diseases of childhood (CGD) are a group of disorders of phagocytic cell superoxide (O2.-) production (respiratory burst). Anion exchange chromatography separated from normal neutrophil cytosol a 47-kilodalton neutrophil cytosol factor, NCF-1, that restored activity to defective neutrophil cytosol from most patients with autosomally inherited CGD in a cell-free O2.--generating system. A 65-kilodalton factor, NCF-2, restored activity to defective neutrophil cytosol from one patient with autosomal CGD. NCF-1, NCF-2, and a third cytosol fraction, NCF-3, were inactive alone or in pairs, but together replaced unfractionated cytosol in cell-free O2.- generation. Neutrophils deficient in NCF-1, but not NCF-2, did not phosphorylate the 47-kilodalton protein. It is proposed that NCF-1, NCF-2, and NCF-3 are essential for generation of O2.- by phagocytic cells and that genetic abnormalities of these cytosol components can result in the CGD phenotype.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nunoi, H -- Rotrosen, D -- Gallin, J I -- Malech, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 2;242(4883):1298-301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bacterial Diseases Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2848319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blotting, Western ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/*metabolism ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Molecular Weight ; Neutrophils/*metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Superoxides/*biosynthesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    A "selfish" B chromosome that enhances its transmission by eliminating the paternal genome (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-22
    Description: In the parasitic wasp, Nasonia vitripennis, males are haploid and usually develop from unfertilized eggs, whereas females are diploid and develop from fertilized eggs. Some individuals in this species carry a genetic element, termed psr (paternal sex ratio), which is transmitted through sperm and causes condensation and subsequent loss of paternal chromosomes in fertilized eggs, thus converting diploid females into haploid males. In this report the psr trait was shown to be caused by a supernumerary chromosome. This B chromosome contains at least three repetitive DNA sequences that do not cross-hybridize to each other or to the host genome. The psr chromosome apparently produces a trans-acting product responsible for condensation of the paternal chromosomes, but is itself insensitive to the effect. Because the psr chromosome enhances its transmission by eliminating the rest of the genome, it can be considered the most "selfish" genetic element yet described.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nur, U -- Werren, J H -- Eickbush, D G -- Burke, W D -- Eickbush, T H -- GM31867/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 22;240(4851):512-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Rochester, NY 14627.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3358129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes/*physiology ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Satellite ; Diploidy ; Haploidy ; Hymenoptera/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sex Determination Analysis ; *Sex Ratio ; Wasps/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Crisis in biosystematics of arthropods (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-05-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oliver, J H Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 May 20;240(4855):967.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3368789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Arthropod Vectors ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Protein carbon-13 spin systems by a single two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiment (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-05-13
    Description: By applying a two-dimensional double-quantum carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance experiment to a protein uniformly enriched to 26 percent carbon-13, networks of directly bonded carbon atoms were identified by virtue of their one-bond spin-spin couplings and were classified by amino acid type according to their particular single- and double-quantum chemical shift patterns. Spin systems of 75 of the 98 amino acid residues in a protein, oxidized Anabaena 7120 ferredoxin (molecular weight 11,000), were identified by this approach, which represents a key step in an improved methodology for assigning protein nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Missing spin systems corresponded primarily to residues located adjacent to the paramagnetic iron-sulfur cluster.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oh, B H -- Westler, W M -- Darba, P -- Markley, J L -- RR02301/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR02781/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 May 13;240(4854):908-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3129784" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids ; Carbon Isotopes ; Cyanobacteria/analysis ; *Ferredoxins ; *Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Spectrum Analysis
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Insecticidal activity and lectin homology of arcelin seed protein (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-08
    Description: Arcelin, a major seed protein discovered in wild beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), has toxic effects on an important bean bruchid pest, Zabrotes subfasciatus. Transfer of the arcelin-1 allele to bean cultivars and addition of purified arcelin to artificial seeds results in high levels of insect resistance. The nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences of the arcelin-1 complementary DNA are very similar to those of genes encoding the bean seed lectin, phytohemagglutinin. The gene or genes encoding arcelin may have evolved from a phytohemagglutinin gene or genes resulting in an effective mechanism for resistance to bean bruchids.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osborni, T C -- Alexander, D C -- Sun, S S -- Cardona, C -- Bliss, F A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 8;240(4849):207-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17800917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Reduction of naturally occurring motoneuron death in vivo by a target-derived neurotrophic factor (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-05-13
    Description: Treatment of chick embryos in ovo with crude and partially purified extracts from embryonic hindlimbs (days 8 to 9) during the normal cell death period (days 5 to 10) rescues a significant number of motoneurons from degeneration. The survival activity of partially purified extract was dose-dependent and developmentally regulated. The survival of sensory, sympathetic, parasympathetic, and a population of cholinergic sympathetic preganglionic neurons was unaffected by treatment with hindlimb extract. The massive motoneuron death that occurs after early target (hindlimb) removal was partially ameliorated by daily treatment with the hindlimb extract. These results indicate that a target-derived neurotrophic factor is involved in the regulation of motoneuron survival in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oppenheim, R W -- Haverkamp, L J -- Prevette, D -- McManaman, J L -- Appel, S H -- NS 20402/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 23058/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 May 13;240(4854):919-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomy, Wake Forest University, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27103.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3363373" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ammonium Sulfate ; Animals ; Cell Survival ; Chemical Fractionation ; Chick Embryo ; Growth Substances/isolation & purification/*pharmacology ; Hindlimb ; Motor Neurons/*cytology ; Muscles/analysis/embryology/innervation ; Nerve Growth Factors/pharmacology ; Tissue Extracts/isolation & purification/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Transcription factor OTF-1 is functionally identical to the DNA replication factor NF-III (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-02
    Description: Octamer transcription factor-1 (OTF-1) and nuclear factor III (NF-III) are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that activate transcription and DNA replication, respectively. It is shown here that OTF-1 is physically and biologically indistinguishable from NF-III. This conclusion is based on the following observations. First, the two proteins have identical mobilities by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Second, OTF-1 binds to the adenovirus origin of DNA replication at the same site and with the same affinity as NF-III. Third, OTF-1 can substitute for NF-III in activating the initiation of adenovirus DNA replication in vitro. Fourth, the ability of OTF-1 to stimulate viral DNA replication is dependent on the presence of an intact NF-III binding site within the origin of replication. Fifth, NF-III can substitute for OTF-1 in activating in vitro transcription from the human histone H2b promoter. These data suggest the possibility that NF-III/OTF-1 is a protein that functions in both cellular DNA replication and transcription.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Neill, E A -- Fletcher, C -- Burrow, C R -- Heintz, N -- Roeder, R G -- Kelly, T J -- CA16519/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA42567/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R0IGM32544/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 2;241(4870):1210-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3413485" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviridae/physiology ; DNA Replication/*drug effects ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; HeLa Cells ; Histones/genetics ; Host Cell Factor C1 ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Octamer Transcription Factor-1 ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Transcription Factors/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic/*drug effects ; Virus Replication/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 8
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    A Chance to Retake TV Market? (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-10-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉P, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Oct 7;242(4875):30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17757626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Superstrings. A Theory of Everything? P. C. W. Davies and Julian Brown, Eds. Cambridge University Press, New York, 1988. viii, 234 pp., illus. $39.50; paper, $10.95. Based on a BBC radio broadcast (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-12-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ovrut, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Dec 23;242(4885):1584-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17788424" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Amyloid protein precursor messenger RNAs: differential expression in Alzheimer's disease (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-08-26
    Description: In situ hybridization was used to assess total amyloid protein precursor (APP) messenger RNA and the subset of APP mRNA containing the Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) insert in 11 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 7 control brains. In AD, a significant twofold increase was observed in total APP mRNA in nucleus basalis and locus ceruleus neurons but not in hippocampal subicular neurons, neurons of the basis pontis, or occipital cortical neurons. The increase in total APP mRNA in locus ceruleus and nucleus basalis neurons was due exclusively to an increase in APP mRNA lacking the KPI domain. These findings suggest that increased production of APP lacking the KPI domain in nucleus basalis and locus ceruleus neurons may play an important role in the deposition of cerebral amyloid that occurs in AD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palmert, M R -- Golde, T E -- Cohen, M L -- Kovacs, D M -- Tanzi, R E -- Gusella, J F -- Usiak, M F -- Younkin, L H -- Younkin, S G -- 5T32GM07250/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- AG06656/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH43444/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Aug 26;241(4869):1080-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Neuropathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2457949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amyloid/*genetics ; Bacteriophage lambda/genetics ; Brain/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Locus Coeruleus/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Operator Regions, Genetic ; Plasmids ; Protein Precursors/*genetics ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Complementary ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Trypsin Inhibitors/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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