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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The central theme of the 1999 GFD Program was the stirring, transport, reaction and mixing of passive and active tracers in turbulent, stratified, rotating fluids. The problem of mixing in fluids has applications in areas ranging from oceanography to engineering and astrophysics. In geophysical settings, mixing spans and unites a broad range of scales -- from micrometers to megameters. The mixing of passive tracers is of fundamental importance in environmental and industrial problems, such as pollution, and in determining the large-scale heat and salt balance of the worlds oceans. The transport of active tracers, on the other hand, such as vorticity, plays a key role in the turbulence that occurs in most geophysical and astrophysical fluids. William R. Young (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) gave a series of principal lectures, the notes of which as taken by the fellows, appear in this volume. Report of the projects of the student fellows makes up the second half of this volume.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-9810647 and the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. NOO0l4-97-1-0934.
    Keywords: Fluids ; Mixing ; Transport
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 18899258 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: A meeting to review research progress on double-diffusive phenomena in the ocean was held September 26-29, 1989, at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Twenty-five oral presentations were made and a number of discussion sessions were held. This report contains manuscripts provided by meeting participants, summaries of the discussion sessions and an extensive bibliography on oceanic double-diffusion. Since double-diffusive processes appear to play an important role in ocean mixing, further research in this field should have high priority. It is hoped that this update on the status of our current understanding will facilitate planning of additional research.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant No. OCE 88-13060.
    Keywords: Mixing ; Double-diffusion ; Salt-fingers
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 13165491 bytes
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  • 3
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Also published as: Journal of Geophysical Research 86 (1981): 1917-1928
    Description: Double diffusive convection is possible where large vertical gradients in temperature and salinity tend to compensate in density. Frontal intrusions have these large gradients and can provide the possibility for a salt finger interface at one boundary and a diffusive interface at the other. But large vertical gradients of velocity are present at the boundaries of intrusions, which cause mechanical stirring and turbulent mixing as well. In the exceptionally active intrusions at the Gulf Stream Front near 38°N 69°W, a convective process resulting from incomplete mechanical mixing was observed photographically on both intrusive boundaries.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-74-C-0262; NR 083-004.
    Keywords: Diffusion in hydrology ; Optics ; Mixing
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-06-17
    Description: Diffusion profiles in olivine crystals from the final mafic eruption products of the compositionally zoned Laacher See tephra deposit were measured to identify recharge and eruption-triggering events prior to the eruption of the Laacher See volcano (12.9 kyr). These products represent the hybrids of mixing between phonolite and intruding basanite at the bottom of the reservoir, which is likely related to the eruption-triggering event. Additionally, olivine crystals from ten basanitic scoria cones and maar deposits (East Eifel) and two nephelinites (West Eifel) were analyzed to constrain histories of olivine in Quaternary basanite magmas. Olivine crystals from the Laacher See hybrids vary in core composition (Fo83–89) and show reversely zoned mantles with high Fo87.8–89 compared to olivine in East Eifel basanites erupted in nearby, older scoria cones. Towards the crystal margin, olivine in the hybrids develop a normally zoned overgrowth (Fo86.5–87.5). Olivine from East Eifel basanites show similar zonation and core compositions (Fo80–88) but have less forsteritic mantles (Fo83–88) indicating that these basanites are less primitive than those recharging the Laacher See reservoir (〉 Fo89). Olivine in the West Eifel nephelinites show mantles similar to those from Laacher See (Fo87.5–90), but have normal zoning and high-Fo cores (Fo88–92). This indicates that olivine in the Laacher See hybrids were entrained by a near-primary basanite from older cumulates just before hybridization of the basanite with the phonolite. Diffusion modeling indicates maximum timescales between entrainment and eruption of Laacher See of 30–400 days that are comparable to those calculated for olivine from basanitic scoria cones (10–400 days).
    Keywords: ddc:552.2 ; Olivine ; Zoning ; Timescales ; Diffusion ; Mixing
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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