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  • Articles  (331)
  • 36.40.+d  (253)
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  • Springer  (331)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Static and dynamical distortions of helium clusters (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 98 (1995), S. 421-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 36.40.+d ; 33.70.Jg ; 67.40.Yv
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We examine the effects of impurities (“doping”) and rotational excitation on the structural and energetic properties of helium clusters. Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) techniques are used to study ground and rotationally excited states of pure and doped clusters. We use exponentially correlated wave functions and treat the molecular impurities as rigid. Whereas pure HeN show essentially monotonic decay of density from a central maximum value, addition of impurities induces local ordering of He to an extent dependent on the impurity-He binding. Rotational excitation of HeN gives rise to extremely large centrifugal distortions. The location of impurities also appears to change upon rotational excitation. The implications of these distortions on impurity spectra are discussed for SF6HeN, and compared to recent experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01338418
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CARS spectroscopy of molecules and clusters in supersonic jets (1988)
    Springer
    Applied physics 45 (1988), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 33.20.Fb ; 36.40.+d ; 34.50.Ez
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Supersonic molecular beams of D2, CH4, NH3, and C2H4 are investigated in the expansion region employing collinear coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). The analysis of rotationally resolved CARS spectra allows the determination of temperatures in the beam. The rotational relaxation as a function of stagnation pressure and separation from the nozzle is studied by recording theQ branch for D2 and the ν3 R andS branches for CH4. Rotational temperatures for NH3 are determined by investigating the complete ν3 band. At strong stagnation conditions broad structures arise which can be attributed to the formation of NH3 clusters. For C2H4 the ν5 band with resolved rotational structure is reported. Again, at larger distances from the nozzle, broad structures are observed. They are assigned to the ν1 and ν5 vibrations in the C2H4 cluster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687148
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear resonances and phase transitions of two-ion Coulomb clusters in a Paul trap: Calculations without laser cooling (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 58 (1994), S. 57-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32.80.Pj ; 42.50.Vk ; 36.40.+d
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The mechanism responsible for transitions of laser-cooled trapped ions from an ordered “crystal” state to an irregular “cloud” state has been discussed controversially. A numeric and analytic study of the relative motion of two trapped ions without laser cooling is performed and compared with the results of previous simulations involving the laser. It turns out that the system without laser, in spite of its simplicity, already exhibits a non-monotonic dependence of crystal stability on trap parameters, which is linked to the presence of low-order nonlinear resonances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081714
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CARS diagnostics of a CO2-laser pyrolytic experiment for the production of nanosized ceramic powders (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 367-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 36.40.+d ; 42.65.Dr
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spatial distributions of rotational temperatures and molecular number densities of C2H2 and H2 were measured with CARS during the production of ultrafine SiC powders in a laser pyrolytic process flame. By means of a CO2 laser, the reaction gases SiH4 and C2H2 (or alternatively C2H4) are converted into SiC and H2. From the CARS measurements temperature gradients are determined between 8.8 × 105 K/m and 1.6 × 106 K/m with corresponding heating rates of 1.8 × 106 K/s and 1.3 × 106 K/s. The CARS data also allow an estimation of the gas expansion behaviour in the reaction zone. Moreover, they show that diffusive velocity components of the hydrogen in the hot reaction zone do not exceed 0.4 m/s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081537
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dependence of transport properties ofin situ rocks on pore fluid composition and temperature (1996)
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 17 (1996), S. 289-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Keywords: Effective properties ; pore fluids ; cracked rock ; permeability ; stress ; temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Fluids saturating cracked rocks within the crust can vary widely in composition and physical properties, which depend greatly on pressure and temperature. External non-hydrostatic stress applied to a cracked medium may result in a significant change of crack volume (and hence, for the undrained regime, pore-fluid pressure) due to the processes of crack closure (opening), and thus lead to a drastic change of the overall physical parameters of a rock. The purpose of the study is to estimate theoretically, using the effective-medium theory, the macroscopic seismic and transport parameters (such as permeability) of cracked rocks (granites) saturated with hydrocarbon gases, oils, brines and water. Variations of crack geometry and fluid parameters in the closed system (at constant fluid mass) under uniaxial compression are considered as well. The results show that composition of a saturating fluid as well as fluid temperature greatly influence the effective permeability and shear velocities of a rock mass, while thermal conductivity is not so sensitive to variations of fluid parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01904045
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of temperature on polaronic and bipolaronic structures of the adiabatic Holstein model (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 85 (1996), S. 471-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Electron-phonon interaction ; temperature ; polaron ; Holstein model ; bifurcation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is proved that the polaronic and bipolaronic structures found in the adiabatic Holstein model at large electron-phonon coupling by Aubry, Abramovici, and Raimbault survive under connection of the electrons to a low-temperature heat bath, uniformly in the size of the system. Bounds are computed for one-dimensional nearest neighbor chains, and some sample solutions are continued numerically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174215
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The emission of neutral clusters in sputtering (1989)
    Springer
    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 261-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 79.20.Nc ; 36.40.+d
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The mass, angle, and energy resolved emission of neutral clusters in sputtering was studied for a variety of metals and semiconductors. The main phenomena and results are the following: (i) Cluster emission from a series of transition metals reveals a prominent contribution of clusters to the total flux of ejected particles but there is no simple scaling of cluster intensities with the average sputtering yields. With increasing number of constituents, relative intensities of neutral clusters decrease much faster than those of secondary-ion clusters. (ii) The relative intensities of clusters emitted from amorphous and crystalline semiconductors are identical, but the energy spectra of Ge n -clusters (n = 1–4) sputtered from Ge (111) peak at a slightly higher energy (1 eV) as compared to spectra taken from amorphous Ge. The intensities of all Ge n -clusters exhibit the same dependence on emission angle; this holds for both the amorphous and crystalline Ge-sample. (iii) The flux of neutral monomers, dimers, and trimers sputtered from Cu(111), Ni(111), and Ag(111) crystals shows a pronouncedly anisotropic emission along the 〈110〉 lattice directions which is ascribed to a momentum alignment in the anisotropic part of the collision cascade. Energy spectra taken along 〈110〉 peak at higher energies than those obtained from a random emission angle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619396
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dimer sputtering mechanism of Cu(001) at low bombarding energy (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 364-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 79.20.N ; 36.40.+d
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The emission of dimers during bombardment of a Cu(001) surface by Cu atoms of 300 and 1000eV energy is studied. A molecular dynamics simulation method based on many-body potentials is employed. At 300eV bombarding energy, around 81% of the sputtered dimers originate from second-nearest neighbor sites. 58% of these are ejected in a collision sequence correlated by the projectile. These dimers lead to a second maximum in the kinetic energy distribution of emitted dimers at around 8eV, besides a maximum at 4eV. Only the latter is found at 1000eV bombarding energy. As in this case mostly next-neighbor surface atoms are sputtered, the specific emission mechanism found at 300eV is irrelevant. Finally, we show that the direction of the angular momentum of sputtered dimers is correlated with the original surface site of the dimers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324086
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientational correlations and order in A3C60 (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 215-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 71.25.Mg ; 71.25.Rk ; 71.20.−b ; 36.40.+d
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A tight-binding method which has been previously applied to study the effect of uncorrelated orientational disorder on conduction-band properties is extended here to the case of systems with long-range order and/or short-range correlations. The density of states and conductivity are not highly sensitive to the specific short-range correlations, so long as the system is not too close to being fully ordered. Hence the strong effects of disorder found previously appear to be robust and should play an important role in the interpretation of normal-state properties of A3C60.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539477
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of the dispersion of the third-order optical nonlinearity in C60 films (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 60 (1995), S. 49-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.65.An ; 36.40.+d ; 31.20.Sy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using wave functions determined from ground-state local-density calculations, we have calculated the wave-dispersed free response of the optical nonlinear polarizabilityγ (3)(−3ω;ω,ω,ω), for the C60 molecule andχ (3)(−3ω;ω,ω,ω) i.e. Third-Harmonic Generation (THG) for films using a sum-over-states approach. The influence of screening was determined by applying an external static electric field in separate selfconsistent calculations to evaluate induced dipole moments which was used to determine the static linear and nonlinear polarizabilities. The polarizabilities calculated in the static limit were used to determine an effective screening parameter which was, in turn, used together with an RPA approach to calculate screened wave-dispersed, third-order nonlinear optical properties such asγ (3)(−3ω;ω,ω,ω) andχ (3)(−3ω;ω,ω,ω). Comparing evaluated polarizabilities with experimental values we found that the non-resonant free polarizability compares well in absolute magnitude with experimental results. Inclusion of screening results in a polarizability about two orders of magnitude below the experimental values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01577612
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