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  • Bioacoustics
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • Public Library of Science  (2)
  • Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais.  (1)
  • Springer Science + Business Media
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Background: Trace elements have been hypothesised to be involved in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and volcanic degassing is the major natural sources of trace elements. Both incidence of Multiple Sclerosis in Catania and volcanic activity of Mount Etna have been significantly increased during the last 30 years. Due to prevailing trade winds direction, volcanic gases from Etna summit craters are mostly blown towards the eastern and southern sectors of the volcano. Objective: To evaluate the possible association between Multiple Sclerosis and exposure to volcanogenic trace elements. Methods: We evaluated prevalence and incidence of Multiple Sclerosis in four communities (47,234 inhabitants) located in the eastern flank and in two communities (52,210 inhabitants) located in the western flank of Mount Etna, respectively the most and least exposed area to crater gas emissions. Results: A higher prevalence was found in the population of the eastern flank compared to the population of the western one (137.6/100,000 versus 94.3/100,000; p-value 0.04). We found a borderline significantly higher incidence risk during the incidence study period (1980–2009) in the population of the eastern flank 4.6/100,000 (95% CI 3.1–5.9), compared with the western population 3.2/100,000 (95% CI 2.4–4.2) with a RR of 1.41 (95% CI 0.97–2.05; p-value 0.06). Incidence risks have increased over the time in both populations reaching a peak of 6.4/100,000 in the eastern flank and of 4.4/100.000 in the western flank during 2000–2009. Conclusion: We found a higher prevalence and incidence of Multiple Sclerosis among populations living in the eastern flank of Mount Etna. According to our data a possible role of TE cannot be ruled out as possible co-factor in the MS pathogenesis. However larger epidemiological study are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
    Description: Published
    Description: e74259
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Mt. Etna volcano ; Multiple Sclerosis ; trace elements ; volcanic activity ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In recent years, an increasing number of surveys have definitively confirmed the seasonal presence of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in highly productive regions of the Mediterranean Sea. Despite this, very little is yet known about the routes that the species seasonally follows within the Mediterranean basin and, particularly, in the Ionian area. The present study assesses for the first time fin whale acoustic presence offshore Eastern Sicily (Ionian Sea), throughout the processing of about 10 months of continuous acoustic monitoring. The recording of fin whale vocalizations was made possible by the cabled deep-sea multidisciplinary observatory, “NEMO-SN1”, deployed 25 km off the Catania harbor at a depth of about 2,100 meters. NEMO-SN1 is an operational node of the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO) Research Infrastructure. The observatory was equipped with a low-frequency hydrophone (bandwidth: 0.05 Hz–1 kHz, sampling rate: 2 kHz) which continuously acquired data from July 2012 to May 2013. About 7,200 hours of acoustic data were analyzed by means of spectrogram display. Calls with the typical structure and patterns associated to the Mediterranean fin whale population were identified and monitored in the area for the first time. Furthermore, a background noise analysis within the fin whale communication frequency band (17.9–22.5 Hz) was conducted to investigate possible detection-masking effects. The study confirms the hypothesis that fin whales are present in the Ionian Sea throughout all seasons, with peaks in call detection rate during spring and summer months. The analysis also demonstrates that calls were more frequently detected in low background noise conditions. Further analysis will be performed to understand whether observed levels of noise limit the acoustic detection of the fin whales vocalizations, or whether the animals vocalize less in the presence of high background noise.
    Description: Published
    Description: e0141838
    Description: 3A. Ambiente Marino
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Whales ; Bioacoustics ; Background noise (acoustics) ; Acoustic signals ; Sperm whales ; Vocalization ; Acoustics ; Data acquisition ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais.
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Studies on sexual evolution, associated with behavioral issues are bound to work in anuran bioacoustics because they are animals that use vocalizations for reproduction and social interactions in choruses. In anurans, advances in bioacoustics try to associate social contexts in which vocalizations are emitted, influences of environment in which they live, other individuals in choruses and morphological characters on vocalizations, as well as evaluate the transmission of the signal emitted over long distances. Although these works started a long time ago, there is little information for the group, mainly in the Neotropical region, an area of high diversity of amphibians. The first approach of this study assessed the social context in which vocalizations of Physalaemus cuvieri were emitted, as well as influences of abiotic, morphological characters and distance between males on acoustic parameters. We observed that advertisement calls were emitted to territorial delimitation and attract females in all males, while courtship calls were emitted in a few individuals when females were distant less than 20 cm of males. Acoustic parameters were influenced by environmental, morphological and social characteristics, generating useful information for system evolution of sexual selection and aggressive interactions. We test too influence of environmental characteristics on acoustic parameters over long distances. Results show evidence that degradation and attenuation occur in advertisement call of Physalaemus cuvieri and they are influenced by environmental, not morphological characteristics. More robust characterizations of microhabitats is necessary to obtain results more evident, due to small size of frogs. Other parameters can also be associated with the evolution of signals over long distances as physiological and phylogenetic characteristics, parasites, predators and social context. In short, results not only contributed to greater knowledge about the biology of the species, but also to generate data still little known and generate insights for future comparative studies and the evolution of communication systems in anurans.
    Description: Estudos sobre evolução sexual, associados a questões comportamentais estão vinculados a trabalhos de bioacústica em anfíbios anuros, por serem animais que utilizam as vocalizações para reprodução e interações sociais no coro. Em anuros, avanços em bioacústica tentam desvendar os contextos sociais nos quais as vocalizações são emitidas, influências do ambiente em que vivem, outros indivíduos no coro e dos caracteres morfológicos nos cantos, bem como avaliam a transmissão do sinal emitido a longas distâncias. Ainda que estes trabalhos tenham iniciado a tempo, são escassas as informações para o grupo, principalmente na região neotropical, uma zona de alta diversidade de anfíbios anuros. Na primeira abordagem deste estudo foi avaliado o contexto social no qual as vocalizações de Physalaemus cuvieri foram emitidas, bem como influências de caracteres abióticos, morfológicas e distância entre machos nos parâmetros acústicos. Observou-se que o canto de anúncio foi emitido por todos os indivíduos com a função de delimitação territorial e atração de fêmeas, enquanto que o canto de corte foi emitido por poucos indivíduos quando a fêmea encontrava-se a menos de 20 cm do macho vocalizante. Os parâmetros acústicos foram influenciados por características ambientais, morfológicas e sociais, gerando informações úteis para a evolução do sistema de seleção sexual e interações agressivas. Também foi testado a influência das características ambientais sobre os parâmetros acústicos emitidos a longas distâncias. Os resultados mostram evidências de que ocorrem degradações e atenuações do canto de anúncio em Physalaemus cuvieri e que elas são influenciadas pelas características ambientais, e não morfológicas. Todavia são necessárias caracterizações mais robustas de microhábitats, devido ao reduzido tamanho dos anuros, para obtenção de resultados ainda mais evidentes. Outros parâmetros também, podem se associar a evolução dos sinais a longas distâncias como características fisiológicas, filogenéticas, parasitas, predadores e contexto social. Em suma, os resultados contribuíram não só para um maior conhecimento a respeito da biologia da espécie, mas também para gerar dados ainda pouco conhecidos e que geram subsídios para futuros estudos comparativos e evolução dos sistemas de comunicação em anfíbios anuros.
    Description: Masters
    Keywords: Vocal alteration ; Vocal repertoire ; Environmental selection ; Signal transmission ; Transmissão do sinal ; Alteração vocal ; Seleção ambiental ; Physalaemus cuvieri (ANURA, LEIUPERIDAE) "rã-cachorro" ; Repertório vocal ; Bioacústica ; Bioacoustics ; Populações, Biologia de
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Thesis/Dissertation
    Format: 61pp.
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