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  • Artikel  (6)
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  • epistemology  (6)
  • Springer  (6)
  • Public Library of Science
  • Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft  (6)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Foundations of science 3 (1998), S. 133-150 
    ISSN: 1572-8471
    Schlagwort(e): evolution of the world ; epistemology ; reductionism ; determinism ; scientific models ; explanation and understanding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract A contemporary analytic philosophy approach to science is discussed. It is pointed out that enthusiasm for language studies in philosophy has been recently grossly exaggerated. A role of experimental science as a source of "profound" questions about the essence of the world should be more appreciated. It is shown that the so-called common intuitions fail to capture the gist of current problems in science and can no longer lead us to faithful solutions. For instance, it is not easy to reconcile with common intuitions a vision of the world as a set of latent potential possibilities which show up themselves only under certain conditions. Therefore, dynamic description of the world is proposed to treat both phenomena and various processes among them. In order to achieve this we ought to focus on fates of allegedly fundamental theories and on a strategy of making science. The latter is thoroughly discussed in this article. Furthermore, three types of reductionism are scrutinized and it leads us to the conclusion that our understanding of the world is more likely based on our ability to explain diversified phenomena than on our capacity to reduce them to the ostensibly fundamental models or theories.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Foundations of science 5 (2000), S. 323-338 
    ISSN: 1572-8471
    Schlagwort(e): epistemology ; evolution of animal cognition abilities ; problem of human logic origin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract The main problem discussed in this paper is: “Why and how did animal cognition abilities arise?” It is argued that investigations of the evolution of animal cognition abilities are very important from an epistemological point of view. A new direction for interdisciplinary researches – the creation and development of the theory of human logic origin – is proposed. The approaches to the origination of such a theory (mathematical models of ``intelligent invention'' of biological evolution, the cybernetic schemes of evolutionary progress and purposeful adaptive behavior) as well as potential interdisciplinary links of the theory are described and analyzed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of science education and technology 2 (1993), S. 359-370 
    ISSN: 1573-1839
    Schlagwort(e): Constructivism ; empiricism ; epistemology ; Aristotle ; Galileo
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract The paper outlines the significant influence of constructivism in contemporary science and mathematics education and emphasizes the central role that epistemology plays in constructivist theory and practice. It is claimed that constructivism is basically a variant of old-style empiricist epistemology, which had its origins in Aristotle's individualist and sense-based theory of knowledge. There are well-known problems with empiricism from which constructivism appears unable to dissociate itself.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Science & education 9 (2000), S. 247-267 
    ISSN: 1573-1901
    Schlagwort(e): biology ; epistemology ; inquiry ; genetics ; inquiry ; models ; problem solving ; secondary curriculum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract In order for students to truly understand science, we feel that they must be familiar with select subject matter and also understand how that subject matter knowledge was generated and justified through the process of inquiry. Here we describe a high school biology curriculum designed to give students opportunities to learn about genetic inquiry in part by providing them with authentic experiences doing inquiry in the discipline. Since a primary goal of practicing scientists is to construct explanatory models to account for natural phenomena, involving students in the construction of their own explanatory models provides a major emphasis in the classroom. The students work in groups structured like scientific communities to build, revise, and defend explanatory models for inheritance phenomena. The overall instructional goals include helping students understand the iterative nature of scientific inquiry, the tentativeness of specific knowledge claims (and why they should be considered tentative), and the degree to which scientists rely on empirical data as well as broader conceptual and metaphysical commitments to assess models and to direct future inquiries.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Science & education 9 (2000), S. 537-575 
    ISSN: 1573-1901
    Schlagwort(e): constructivism ; epistemology ; objectivism ; pedagogy ; psychology ; relativism ; science ; socioculturism ; theory and practice
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Vygotsky has become an authority, but the authority has more to do with justifying a sociocultural relativism than it has with his Marxist objectivist approach to psychology and pedagogy. This paper is an attempt to understand Vygotsky's perspective in relation to Marxist epistemology, and will critically examine the sociocultural interpretation of Vygotsky but within the light of his own perspective. It will be shown that the relativism of the sociocultural school not only takes Vygotsky's zone of proximal development out of its social and historical context, but as a consequence downplays the zone of proximal development as a dynamic research methodology. As an extension of the discussion of the zone of proximal development, this paper will also examine the sociocultural interpretation of Vygotsky's relation between scientific and everyday concepts, and the pedagogical consequences of such an interpretation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Science & education 6 (1997), S. 29-42 
    ISSN: 1573-1901
    Schlagwort(e): realism ; idealism ; empiricism ; innatism ; constructivism ; relativism ; representation ; epistemology ; scaffolding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Diverse forms of constructivism can be found in the literature today. They exhibit a commonality regarding certain classical positions that they oppose - a unity in their negative identities - but a sometimes wild multiplicity and incompatibility regarding the positive proposals that they put forward. In particular, some constructivisms propose an epistemological idealism, with a concomitant relativism, while others are explicitly opposed to such positions, and move in multifarious different directions. This is a potentially confusing situation, and has resulted in some critics branding all constructivisms with the charge of relativism, and throwing out the baby with the bath water. In addition, since the epistemological foundations of even non-relativist constructivisms are not as familiar as the classical positions, there is a risk of mis-interpretation of constructivisms and their consequences, even by some who endorse them, not to mention those who criticize. Because I urge that some version of constructivism is an epistemological necessity, this situation strikes me as seriously unfortunate for philosophy, and potentially dangerous for the practice of education.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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