ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: Menschliche Gesellschaften sind in hohem Mass dem Klima und dem Witterungsverlauf ausgesetzt. Dies gilt insbesondere für die vorindustrielle Zeit. Im vorliegenden Band stellt die Autorin eine umfangreiche und detaillierte Klima­rekonstruktion für den Raum der Burgundischen Niederlande im 15. Jahrhundert vor. Diese umfasst einerseits detaillierte Beschreibungen aus zeitgenössischen Quellen und andererseits Temperatur- sowie Niederschlagsindices in saisonaler Auflösung. Die Klimarekonstruktion dient als Unter­suchungsgrundlage für die Frage nach dem Einfluss des Witterungsver­laufes auf die Wirtschaft in den Burgundischen Niederlanden. Getreidepreise stellen im Spätmittelalter den zuverlässigsten Konjunkturbarometer dar und sind dar­über hinaus in grosser Zahl überliefert. Getreide – ein unverzichtbares Grundnahrungsmittel und wichtiges Massenhandelsgut – ist einen Grossteil des Jahres auf den Äckern direkt der Witterung ausgesetzt. Eine statistische Auswertung von Preisreihen verschiedener Getreidearten und den saisonalen Indices zeigt den teilweise sehr engen Zusammenhang beider Grössen auf. Allerdings stellt der Witterungsverlauf nur einen von vielen Faktoren dar, die Einfluss auf die ­Getreidepreiskonjunktur nehmen. Diese anderen Faktoren werden detailliert vorgestellt und diskutiert. Drei Phasen mit sehr hohen Getreidepreisen – die Hungerkrisen der zweiten Hälfte der 1430er, zu Beginn der 1480er und im Übergang der 1480er zu den 1490er Jahren – fallen im Verlaufe des 15. Jahrhunderts auf. Die Autorin legt dar, welche weiteren relevanten Faktoren im zeitlichen und geographischen Umfeld dieser Hungerkrisen neben dem Witterungsverlauf eine Rolle für den exzes­siven Getreidepreisanstieg spielten. | Human societies are highly exposed to climate and weather conditions. This applies in particular to the pre-industrial period. This volume presents a comprehensive and detailed climate reconstruction for the area of the Burgundian Low Countries in the 15th century. The reconstruction consists of two parts. Detailed weather descriptions from contemporary sources are complemented by systematised indices of seasonal temperature and precipitation patterns.The climate reconstruction serves as the basis for research on the impact of the weather on the economy of the Burgundian Low Countries. For the late Middle Ages grain prices are a very reliable economic indicator. Grain, an indispensable staple food and important merchandise, is directly exposed to the weather for the major part of the year. Statistical analyses of the price development of different grains in conjunction with the seasonal climate indices show a close interlinkage of the two variables. However, climate condition is only one of many factors impacting on grain price; the other factors are also presented and discussed in detail.Finally, the analysis of the development of grain prices reveals three phases of clearly increased prices in the 15th century: during the second half of the 1430s, at the beginning of the 1480s and during the last years of the 1480s until the beginning of the 1490s. The reasons for these grain price peaks, including weather conditions but also economic, political and other factors are outlined in the volume.

Description / Table of Contents: Article --- Men, methods and materials: exploring the historical connections between geology and medicine / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 1-8, 26 April 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.19 --- Men and methods --- Earth science as a philosophical background to medicine: an essay based on the autobiography of Dr Otto Sperling (1602–81) / Ella Hoch / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 9-33, 10 April 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.18 --- Nathaniel Hodges and the purging wells of Shooter's Hill / John D. Mather and Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 35-45, 19 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.4 --- Water and the city of Milan at the end of the nineteenth century / Alessandro Porro, Antonia Francesca Franchini, Bruno Falconi, Paolo Maria Galimberti and Lorenzo Lorusso / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 47-54, 22 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.9 --- Italian physicians’ contribution to geosciences / Marco Pantaloni, Fabiana Console, Lorenzo Lorusso, Fabio Massimo Petti, Antonia Francesca Franchini, Alessandro Porro and Marco Romano / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 55-75, 22 March 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.17 --- The obstetrician, the surgeon and the premature birth of the world's first dinosaur: William Hunter and James Parkinson / J. J. Liston and L. Alcalá / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 77-101, 18 January 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.7 --- Pau Estorch Siqués (1805–71) and his ‘magnes venenorum’ / F. Sabaté Casellas and B. Torres Gallardo / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 103-106, 2 February 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.12 --- Duncan and Son: changing professional boundaries in the geological and medical sciences in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries / Tim Carter and Anne Spurgeon / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 107-113, 19 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.8 --- From giant birds to X-rays: Victor Lemoine (1837–97), physician and palaeontologist / Eric Buffetaut / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 115-131, 19 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.3 --- Materials --- Geotherapeutics: the medicinal use of earths, minerals and metals from antiquity to the twenty-first century / Spyros Retsas / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 133-139, 20 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.5 --- Archaeological medicinal earths as antibacterial agents: the case of the Basel Lemnian sphragides / E. Photos-Jones, C. Edwards, F. Häner, L. Lawton, C. Keane, A. Leanord and V. Perdikatsis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 141-153, 2 February 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.6 --- Alectorius: a parasympathomimetic stone? / Joaquin Carrasco and Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 155-162, 21 February 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.15 --- ‘Serpent stones’: myth and medical application / Rachael Pymm / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 163-180, 19 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.1 --- ‘A charm to impose on the vulgar’: the medicinal and magical applications of the snakestone bead within the British Isles / Rachael Pymm / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 181-194, 2 February 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.13 --- The name is the message: eagle-stones and materia medica in South America / Irina Podgorny / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 195-210, 27 February 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.14 --- ‘Fish’, fossil and fake: medicinal unicorn horn / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 211-259, 1 March 2017, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.16 --- ‘Not used to be worn as a Jewel’: The wearing of precious stones in early modern England – ornaments or medicine? / Tom Blaen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 261-265, 22 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.10 --- Coral in Petrus Hispanus’ ‘Treasury of the Poor’ / Maria Do Sameiro Barroso / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 267-282, 22 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.11 --- Lead, isotopes and ice: a deadly legacy revealed / Beverly P. Bergman / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 452, 283-291, 19 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP452.2

Description / Table of Contents: Der Atlas liefert kartographische Übersichten zu gewässerkundlichen Grunddaten sowie zu den Themenbereichen Hydrometeorologie, oberirdische Gewässer, Bodenwasser, Grundwasser, Wasserhaushalt und dem Themenkomplex Hydrologie-Ökologie-Mensch.

Description / Table of Contents: Geology as medicine and medics as geologists / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 1-6, 23 August 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.29 --- Lithotherapeutical research sources from antiquity to the mid-eighteenth century / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 7-43, 4 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.25 --- Cryptopalaeontology / Eladio Liñán, María Liñán and Joaquín Carrasco / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 45-64, 10 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.14 --- The stomatological use of stones cited in the Kitab al-tasrif treatise (Abulcasis, 1000 CE) / Joaquín Carrasco and María Liñán / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 65-80, 11 December 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.7 --- The gem electuary / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 81-111, 17 December 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.9 --- Medicinal terra sigillata: a historical, geographical and typological review / Arthur Macgregor / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 113-136, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.1 --- Materia medica in the seventeenth-century Paper Museum of Cassiano dal Pozzo / W. D. Ian Rolfe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 137-156, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.3 --- History of the pharmaceutical use of pumice / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 157-169, 17 December 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.8 --- Pharmaceutical use of gold from antiquity to the seventeenth century / Renzo Console / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 171-191, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.12 --- Bezoar stones, magic, science and art / Maria Do Sameiro Barroso / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 193-207, 26 February 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.11 --- Some early eighteenth century geological Materia Medica / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 209-233, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.13 --- Religiosity and magic in some lithoiatric practices of European folk medicine / Massimo Aliverti / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 235-242, 23 August 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.27 --- Britain’s spa heritage: a hydrogeological appraisal / John D. Mather / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 243-260, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.16 --- Groundwater – Medicine by the Glassful? / N. S. Robins and P. L. Smedley / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 261-267, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.17 --- Sunday Stone: an enduring metaphor of mining diseases and underground mining conditions / John H. Pearn and Christopher Gardner-Thorpe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 269-278, 11 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.22 --- The influence of geology in the development of public health / Beverly P. Bergman / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 279-287, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.6 --- From flesh to fossils – Nicolaus Steno’s anatomy of the Earth / Jakob Bek-Thomsen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 289-305, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.15 --- Diagnosing fossilization in the Nordic Renaissance: an investigation into the correspondence of Ole Worm (1588–1654) / Ella Hoch / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 307-327, 17 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.26 --- Education forms the tender mind / Christopher Gardner-Thorpe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 329-337, 23 August 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.28 --- James Parkinson’s ‘system of successive creations’ / Cherry Lewis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 339-348, 15 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.18 --- From obstetrics to oryctology: inside the mind of William Hunter (1718–1783) / J. J. Liston / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 349-373, 15 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.21 --- John Jeremiah Bigsby, MD: British Army physician and pioneer North American geologist / Leonard G. Wilson / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 375-394, 15 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.20 --- Five eighteenth-century medical polymaths / Gillian C. Hull / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 395-407, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.5 --- John Whitaker Hulke, surgeon and palaeontologist / Simon Wills / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 409-427, 22 February 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.10 --- Dr Arthur Conan Doyle’s contribution to the popularity of pterodactyls / David M. Martill and Tony Pointon / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 429-443, 15 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.19 --- Physicians and their contribution to the early history of earth sciences in Austria / Daniela Claudia Angetter, Bernhard Hubmann and Johannes Seidl / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 445-454, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.4 --- Medical geologists during the Heroic Age of Antarctic exploration / Henry Guly / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 455-462, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.2 --- Vomiting stones: mental illness and forensic medicine in 18th century Italy / Alessandro Porro, Carlo Cristini, Bruno Falconi, Antonia Francesca Franchini and Lorenzo Lorusso / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 463-468, 4 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.23 --- Geology, conservation and dissolution of corpses by Paolo Gorini (1813–1881) / Lorenzo Lorusso, Bruno Falconi, Francesca Antonia Franchini and Alessandro Porro / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 469-474, 9 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.24

Description / Table of Contents: Preface / Iain Stewart / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, vii-ix, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.01 --- Creation and destruction of travertine monumental stone by earthquake faulting at Hierapolis, Turkey / P. L. Hancock, R. M. L. Chalmers, E. Altunel, Z. Çakir and A. Becher-Hancock / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 1-14, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.02 --- Uses of volcanic products in antiquity / D. R. Griffiths / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 15-23, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.03 --- The advent of archaeoseismology in the Mediterranean / R. E. Jones and S. C. Stiros / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 25-32, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.04 --- A critical reappraisal of the classical texts and archaeological evidence for earthquakes in the Atalanti region, central mainland Greece / Victoria Buck and Iain Stewart / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 33-44, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.05 --- Aims and methods in territorial archaeology: possible clues to a strong fourth-century AD earthquake in the Straits of Messina (southern Italy) / Emanuela Guidoboni, Anna Muggia and Gianluca Valensise / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 45-70, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.06 --- Santorini (Greece) before the Minoan eruption: a reconstruction of the ring-island, natural resources and clay deposits from the Akrotiri excavation / Walter L. Friedrich, Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz and Ole Bjørslev Nielsen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 71-80, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.07 --- The eruption of the Santorini volcano and its effects on Minoan Crete / Jan Driessen and Colin F. MacDonald / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 81-93, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.08 --- Late Minoan IB marine ware, the marine environment of the Aegean, and the Bronze Age eruption of the Thera volcano / Peter Bicknell / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 95-103, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.09 --- Ground-penetrating radar mapping of Minoan volcanic deposits and the Late Bronze Age palaeotopography, Thera, Greece / James K. Russell and Mark V. Stasiuk / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 105-121, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.10 --- Precursory phenomena and destructive events related to the Late Bronze Age Minoan (Thera, Greece) and AD 79 (Vesuvius, Italy) Plinian eruptions; inferences from the stratigraphy in the archaeological areas / Raffaello Cioni, Lucia Gurioli, Alessandro Sbrana and Georges Vougioukalakis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 123-141, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.11 --- A geographical information system for the archaeological area of Pompeii / M. T. Pareschi, G. Stefani, A. Varone, L. Cavarra, F. Giannini and A. Meriggi / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 143-158, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.12 --- Apulian Bronze Age pottery as a long-distance indicator of the Avellino Pumice eruption (Vesuvius, Italy) / Raffaello Cioni, Sara Levi and Roberto Sulpizio / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 159-177, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.13 --- Human response to Etna volcano during the classical period / D. K. Chester, A. M. Duncan, J. E. Guest, P. A. Johnston and J. J. L. Smolenaars / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 179-188, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.14 --- The Johnston-Lavis collection: a unique record of Italian volcanism / W. L. Kirk, R. Siddall and S. Stead / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 189-194, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.15 --- The archaeology of a Plinian eruption of the Popocatépetl volcano / Patricia Plunket and Gabriela Uruñuela / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 195-203, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.16 --- Timing of the prehistoric eruption of Xitle Volcano and the abandonment of Cuicuilco Pyramid, Southern Basin of Mexico / Silvia Gonzalez, Alejandro Pastrana, Claus Siebe and Geoff Duller / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 205-224, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.17 --- Volcanic disasters and cultural discontinuities in Holocene time, in West New Britain, Papua New Guinea / Robin Torrence, Christina Pavlides, Peter Jackson and John Webb / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 225-244, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.18 --- Tephrochronology of the Brooks River Archaeological District, Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska: what can and cannot be done with tephra deposits / James R. Riehle, Don. E. Dumond, Charles E. Meyer and Jeanne M. Schaaf / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 245-266, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.19 --- Endemic stress, farming communities and the influence of Icelandic volcanic eruptions in the Scottish Highlands / R. A. Dodgshon, D. D. Gilbertson and J. P. Grattan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 267-280, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.20 --- Comparison and cross-checking of historical, archaeological and geological evidence for the location and type of historical and sub-historical eruptions of multiple-vent oceanic island volcanoes / S. J. Day, J. C. Carracedo, H. Guillou, F. J. Pais Pais, E. Rodriguez Badiola, J. F. B. D. Fonseca and S. I. N. Heleno / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 281-306, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.21 --- ‘A fire spitting volcano in our dear Germany’: documentary evidence for a low-intensity volcanic eruption of the Gleichberg in 1783? / J. P. Grattan, D. D. Gilbertson and A. Dill / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 307-315, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.22 --- Volcanic soils: their nature and significance for archaeology / Peter James, David Chester and Angus Duncan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 317-338, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.23 --- The use of volcaniclastic material in Roman hydraulic concretes: a brief review / Ruth Siddall / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 339-344, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.24 --- Olmec stone sculpture: selection criteria for basalt / Patrick Hunt / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 345-353, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.25 --- Seismic and volcanic hazards affecting the vulnerability of the Sana’a area of Yemen / Richard Hughes and Adrian Collings / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 355-372, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.26 --- Archaeological, geomorphological and geological evidence for a major earthquake at Sagalassos (SW Turkey) around the middle of the seventh century AD / Marc Waelkens, Manuel Sintubin, Philippe Muchez and Etienne Paulissen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 373-383, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.27 --- Fault pattern of Nisyros Island volcano (Aegean Sea, Greece): structural, coastal and archaeological evidence / Stathis C. Stiros / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 385-397, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.28 --- The geological origins of the oracle at Delphi, Greece / J. Z. De Boer and J. R. Hale / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 171, 399-412, 1 January 2000, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.171.01.29