Publication Date:
2014-01-31
Description:
Cultivated bacteria such as actinomycetes are a highly useful source of biomedically important natural products. However, such 'talented' producers represent only a minute fraction of the entire, mostly uncultivated, prokaryotic diversity. The uncultured majority is generally perceived as a large, untapped resource of new drug candidates, but so far it is unknown whether taxa containing talented bacteria indeed exist. Here we report the single-cell- and metagenomics-based discovery of such producers. Two phylotypes of the candidate genus 'Entotheonella' with genomes of greater than 9 megabases and multiple, distinct biosynthetic gene clusters co-inhabit the chemically and microbially rich marine sponge Theonella swinhoei. Almost all bioactive polyketides and peptides known from this animal were attributed to a single phylotype. 'Entotheonella' spp. are widely distributed in sponges and belong to an environmental taxon proposed here as candidate phylum 'Tectomicrobia'. The pronounced bioactivities and chemical uniqueness of 'Entotheonella' compounds provide significant opportunities for ecological studies and drug discovery.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, Micheal C -- Mori, Tetsushi -- Ruckert, Christian -- Uria, Agustinus R -- Helf, Maximilian J -- Takada, Kentaro -- Gernert, Christine -- Steffens, Ursula A E -- Heycke, Nina -- Schmitt, Susanne -- Rinke, Christian -- Helfrich, Eric J N -- Brachmann, Alexander O -- Gurgui, Cristian -- Wakimoto, Toshiyuki -- Kracht, Matthias -- Crusemann, Max -- Hentschel, Ute -- Abe, Ikuro -- Matsunaga, Shigeki -- Kalinowski, Jorn -- Takeyama, Haruko -- Piel, Jorn -- England -- Nature. 2014 Feb 6;506(7486):58-62. doi: 10.1038/nature12959. Epub 2014 Jan 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Institute of Microbiology, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland [2] Kekule Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany [3]. ; 1] Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University Center for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan [2]. ; Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, Center for Biotechnology, Universitat Bielefeld, Universitatstrasse 25, 33594 Bielefeld, Germany. ; 1] Institute of Microbiology, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland [2] Kekule Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany. ; Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. ; Department of Botany II, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Wurzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Wurzburg, Germany. ; Kekule Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany. ; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology and Geobiology, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany. ; Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA. ; Institute of Microbiology, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. ; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University Center for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24476823" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Biosynthetic Pathways/genetics
;
Deltaproteobacteria/*classification/genetics/*metabolism/physiology
;
*Drug Discovery
;
Environmental Microbiology
;
Genes, Bacterial/genetics
;
Genome, Bacterial/genetics
;
Metagenomics
;
Molecular Sequence Data
;
Multigene Family/genetics
;
Peptides/metabolism
;
Polyketides/metabolism
;
Porifera/metabolism/microbiology
;
Single-Cell Analysis
;
Symbiosis
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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