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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Introducing “A Feasible Approach for Natural Products to Treatment of Diseases”–an exploration of the therapeutic potential locked within nature’s abundant offerings. This comprehensive reprint delves into the fascinating realm of natural products, uncovering their inherent properties, mechanisms of action, and potential roles in effective disease management. Through extensive scientific research and reviews, the authors shed light on the immense potential of natural products as a viable approach to enhancing health and combating diseases. This reprint presents a diverse and multidimensional exploration, bridging the gap between traditional wisdom and contemporary scientific understanding and offering new avenues for healthcare professionals, researchers, and enthusiasts to harness the power of nature’s remarkable resources. As a catalyst for unlocking the healing potential of natural products, this reprint inspires further investigation and innovation, and drives us towards a future where their integration into mainstream healthcare becomes indispensable. Discover the possibilities and embark on a health and well-being journey with “A Feasible Approach for Natural Products to Treatment of Diseases”.
    Keywords: cancer immunotherapy ; fructan ; FT-IR ; mass spectrometry ; young green barley ; COVID-19 ; β-glucans ; immunomodulation ; anti-inflammation ; anti-oxidant ; ACE2 regulation ; impedance ; ECIS ; antitumor activity ; anticancer properties ; betulin ; betulinic acid ; Amadori rearrangement compounds ; barley ; anti-obesity ; arginyl-fructose ; adipogenic ; ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraenol (ERGT) ; cholesta-5,7,22,24-tetraenol (CHT) ; ergosterol biosynthesis ; antimetabolite ; suicide substrate ; Trypanosoma brucei ; coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ; main protease ; Saussurea costus ; molecular docking ; GC-MS profiling ; Molineria recurvata ; diabetic nephropathy ; urinary biomarkers ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; walnut ; Juglans regia ; high-fat diet ; insulin resistance ; cognitive function ; JNK/NFκB pathway ; Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium ; flavonoids ; anticancer ; mechanism ; phenotype ; Angelica sinensis polysaccharide ; Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide ; hexokinase 2 ; glycolysis ; JAK2/STAT3 pathway ; liver regeneration ; Holoptelea integrifolia ; MMP-9 ; wound healing ; friedelin ; oxalactam A ; macrolactam ; anti-Rhizoctonia solani ; Penicillium oxalicum ; molecular dynamics ; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ; natural products ; terpenoids ; mechanisms ; treatment ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The diversity of wood and non-wood forest products is enormous and reflected in their anatomical, physical and chemical properties as well as their potential applications. Special attention should be given to lesser-known species and even to invasive species, which may be profitable when properly managed, thereby decreasing the overexploitation of threatened species. Besides the market importance of stem wood, other tree components and non-wood forest products, often regarded simply as forest residual materials, are valuable forest resources with various potential applications that can strengthen the circular economy. Assessing the characteristics of these diverse materials, such as their structure and anatomy as well as their physical and chemical properties, is fundamental for evaluating their potential and increasing high-quality end-uses. This knowledge will also contribute to sustainable forest management with enhanced forest diversity and species conservation in addition to the reinforcement of certification and environmental policies.
    Keywords: Calamus zollingeri ; Calamus ornatus ; dynamic vapor sorption ; basic density ; volumetric swelling ; white rot ; mold ; Quercus suber L. ; seasonal variation ; cuticular waxes ; leaves ; new species ; morphology ; wood ; properties ; chemical composition ; spectroscopy ; chemometrics ; unconventional species ; Quercus suber ; cork borer ; cork ; phenolics ; tropical species ; wood anatomy ; wood density ; wood color ; multivariate analysis ; species diversity ; dark-brown zone ; lenticular filling tissue ; quantitative anatomical characteristics ; Quercus variabilis ; reproduction cork ; scanning electron microscopy ; sclereid ; virgin cork ; Cytisus scoparius ; liquefied ; optimization ; eco-valorization ; agro-industrial residues ; Asparagaceae ; lignocellulose ; crystalline cellulose ; syringyl/guaiacyl ; anatomy ; Tilia amurensis Rupr. ; Tilia mandshurica Rupr. & Maxim. ; branch ; wood properties ; papermaking material ; tropical timber ; color parameters ; mid-infrared spectroscopy ; FTIR ratios ; environmental factors ; West African Sahel ; Cupressus funebris Endl. wood ; wood knots ; physical properties ; wood color properties ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: New scientific advances in different areas have allowed the design of more precise strategies for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders through nutrition. In this context emerges the term Precision Nutrition, a new approach that takes advantage of scientific knowledge about the interaction of internal and external environmental factors to develop dynamic and precise nutritional recommendations. Therefore, Precision Nutrition includes personalized advice based on genetics and well-documented gene–nutrient–phenotype interactions, as well as other factors such as individual metabolome, transcriptome, and microbiota profile; food behavior; and dietary, physical activity, and life-style habits; and the resulting interactomes. Precision Nutrition should be based at least on three sequential steps: conventional nutritional approaches (considering age, gender, and physiological states); the incorporation of nutritional and health status information (e.g., metabolites, physical and nutritional behavior); and the genetic baggage including multiomics functional integration.
    Keywords: dietary parameters ; carbohydrate intake ; obesity ; single nucleotide polymorphism ; CLOCK gene ; rs3749474 ; sodium intake ; hypertension ; single-nucleotide polymorphism ; personalized nutrition ; dietary vitamin A ; body fat ; UCP ; retinoic acid ; PBMC ; genetic variant ; weight loss ; nutrigenomics ; dietary intervention ; FTO gene ; dietary protein ; dietary carbohydrates ; dietary fat ; macronutrients ; gene-diet interaction ; glucose homeostasis ; glaucoma ; polygenetic-risk scores ; gene-gene interaction ; gene-nutrient interaction ; precision medicine ; childhood ; insulin resistance ; adipokine ; metabolomics ; biomarkers ; ELOVL ; metabolic alterations ; Mexican population ; Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ; pediatrics ; cardiometabolic risk factors ; precision nutrition ; eating behavior ; nutrigenetics ; microbiota ; metabolic syndrome ; Mediterranean diet ; genetic risk score ; HELENA ; adolescents ; sex ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The intention of this Special Issue is to focus on new aspects of drug discovery, including the search for new molecular targets of various diseases, the creation of new modern methods for diagnosing diseases, the development of new test systems and kits for assessing the selectivity and effectiveness of new drugs, the study of the molecular mechanisms of biologically active compounds, the formulation of new drugs, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, and preclinical trials of important molecules.
    Keywords: Streptococci ; antimicrobials ; QSAR ; MD simulation ; Kunitz-type peptides ; neuroprotective activity ; sea anemones ; TRPV1 ; P2X7R ; Parkinson’s disease (PD) ; diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) ; deep neural network ; drug discovery ; drug combination ; biomarker ; cancer severity ; cancer prognosis ; MAFB ; tumor-associated macrophages ; prostate cancer ; photodynamic therapy ; magnetic resonance imaging ; ex vivo ; anti-inflammatory substance ; N-acylhydrazone ; naphthyl-N-acylhydrazone ; LASSBio-1524 analogues ; phosphacoumarin ; azomethine ylide ; cycloaddition ; anti-cancer ; cytotoxicity ; quantum chemistry ; pravastatin ; metformin ; radiation-induced intestinal injury ; minipigs ; epithelial regeneration ; inflammation ; arylazo sulfones ; DNA binding ; DNA cleavage ; DNA photocleavage ; A375 melanoma cells ; molecular docking ; radicals ; N–S bond homolysis ; platinum(II) ; five-coordinate complexes ; glycoconjugation ; cytotoxic activity ; protein X-ray structure ; lipophilicity ; natural products ; acetylcholinesterase inhibitors ; butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors ; Alzheimer’s disease ; central nervous system ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: In the past 20 years, karst desertification control has produced remarkable results, and the South China karst has been a global hotspot for greening. However, in the new stage of karst desertification control, the functional lag of forest ecosystems and the insufficient supply capacity of ecosystem services are gradually becoming prominent. We not only lack systematic research on vulnerability and resilience, structure and stability, ecological assets and services, carrying capacity and ecological security, and service trade-offs/synergies and optimization in controlled ecosystems. There is still a lack of research on the ecological processes of newly constructed forests in improving ecosystem functions and services. Therefore, this reprint mainly focuses on the research improvement of forest ecosystem functions in karst desertification control. This includes the improvement mechanism of ecosystem structure, function, and services, the mechanism of ecosystem service tradeoff/synergy, and function optimization. An optimization model of ecosystem function and an improvement path for eco-product supply are introduced. The role of functional traits in the maintenance of ecological function and services is also established, and social–ecological responses to afforestation in karst desertification control are discussed.
    Keywords: structural trait ; element trait ; physiological trait ; leaf ; root ; karst ; ecosystem service supply ; value accounting ; eco-industry ; karst desertification environment ; farmland hydrological cycle ; agroforestry ; agronomic measures to water saving ; planting combinations ; investment strategy ; plant adaptability ; soil ; response ; biodiversity ; ecosystem services ; forests ; karst desertification ; plant functional traits ; structure ; landscape security pattern ; sensitivity ; landscape connectivity ; Guanling County ; Guizhou ; ecological products ; value realization ; ecological industry ; resilient landscape ; rural planning ; resilience assessment ; karst rocky desertification control areas ; karst forest ; vegetation water use strategy ; hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes ; hydrologic niche separation ; principal component analysis ; redundancy analysis ; karst rocky desertification area ; species diversity ; evaluation indicator systems ; fuzzy integrated evaluation ; karst spring ; dissolved organic carbon/nitrogen ; rocky desertification ; terrestrial ecosystem ; soil aggregate stability ; soil nutrients ; vegetation restoration ; karst rocky desertification ; forest ; karst desertification control ; loquat ; intercropping peanut ; N2O emission ; Abies fanjingshanensis ; microbial carbon use efficiency ; physicochemical indices ; bacteria ; fungus ; structural optimization ; water and fertilizer regulation ; functional improvement ; forests ecosystem ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: It is currently apparent that extracellular ATP's physiological effect is mediated by its interaction with specific purinergic receptors. All purinergic receptors are divided into P1-purinoreceptors and P2-purinoreceptors. Each of the subtypes is divided into a number of families. For instance, P2 receptors are divided into P2X and P2Y receptors according to the mechanism by which their effect is realized: P2Y are G-protein-coupled receptors, while P2X receptors are ligand-operated ion channels. P2X receptors are important molecular therapeutic targets, the malfunctioning of which leads to severe complications in the physiology of humans and animals and causes dangerous diseases. The search for compounds that can modulate the function of purinergic receptors can lead to the creation of new drugs that are effective in central and peripheral nervous system and immune system disease treatment, including neuroinflammation, hypoxia/ischemia, epilepsy and neuropathic pain. In this Special Issue, we wish to offer a platform for high-quality publications on the latest advances in the identification of P2X/Y- and P1-receptor blockers, functions and regulation by them; the characterization of these receptor signaling networks and crosstalk; mechanisms underlying the role of purinoceptors in neurodegenerative illnesses as well as chronic neuronal changes following acute noxious damage and therapeutic opportunities associated with regulation of purinergic receptor activity.
    Keywords: adenosine receptors ; adipogenesis ; osteogenesis ; adipose tissue ; bone marrow ; obesity ; neonatal seizures ; development ; ATP ; purinergic signalling ; P2X7 receptor ; endometriosis ; adenosine ; P2Y ; P2X ; ectonucleotidases ; pain ; inflammation ; endometrium ; CD73 ; CD39 ; P2Y2 receptor ; P2X4 receptor ; canine ; dog ; DH82 ; macrophage ; neuroinflammation ; antinociception ; cerebral ischemia ; oxygen-glucose deprivation ; A2B receptors ; oligodendrocyte differentiation ; demyelination ; retina ; purinergic modulation ; glycinergic neurotransmission ; microglia ; neurodegeneration ; glycine transporters ; guanosine ; stroke ; neuroprotection ; purinergic signaling ; purinergic receptors ; autoimmune disease ; astroglia ; G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) ; neurite outgrowth ; montelukast ; NG2 ; ex vivo organotypic brain slice co-culture ; neurodegeneration and neuroregeneration ; n/a ; macrophages ; P2X7R ; pore formation ; inflammasome activation ; inflammatory diseases ; gallic acid ; visceral pain ; depression ; hippocampus ; spinal cord ; dorsal root ganglion ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue, entitled “Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: Bridging Health and Food Under a New Perspective”, aims to approach the current state-of-the-art research on nutraceuticals and functional foods. The main issue in this field of research is the sustainability and recovery of bioactive substances from vegetal- or animal-origin byproducts to project and realize novel food supplements and nutraceuticals. Low environmental impact, safety, new food sources and analytical methodologies are of growing interest in the research area of food. The perspective approach addresses the mechanism of action of nutraceuticals, safety and functional foods and nutraceuticals’ mechanisms of action, revealing new possibilities for their use as tools in a complementary proactive approach to certain health issues to prevent the onset of health conditions or to be used in subjects who do not qualify for a conventional therapeutical approach. The areas involved in this perspective range from food chemistry and analysis to nutrition and from safety to sustainability; new therapeutical approaches and novel techniques of analysis and formulation are also involved, which require a wide inter- and multi-disciplinary approach. The overall assessment of these aspects creates new challenges for research and also impacts sustainability, health and safety. This Special Issue may also consider the bridging of health and food in their different declinations from a new perspective.
    Keywords: Food and by-products ; Functional foods and novel sources ; Health and beneficial properties ; Nutraceuticals and novel sources ; Prevention ; Clinical data ; In vitro and in vivo data ; Nanonutraceuticals and nanodelivery ; Clinical experience ; Formulation and novel sources ; Mechanism of action ; Analytical aspects ; Safety ; Interactions with active molecules. ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Nowadays, diet-related non-communicable diseases and their complications are one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Food supplements and functional foods are considered food products which contribute to the achievement of optimal nutritional well-being, health status, and quality of life through reducing the risk of diseases and promoting the appropriate function of human organs and systems. Nowadays, the assessment of these functional foods and the study of their implications in nutrition and health are important challenges in societies of developed countries where consumers increasingly demand foods with added value beyond the provision of nutrients and the satisfaction of appetite. In this reprint, the characterization of the nutritional composition and phytochemicals of functional foods and food supplements as well as the evaluation of their potential health benefits in different disorders and diseases through clinical trials or preliminary studies are addressed.
    Keywords: food supplement ; folic acid ; pregnancy ; food safety ; health claims ; nutrition ; Amazonian fruits ; composition ; metabolic effects ; royal jelly ; acetylcholine ; fatty acid ; ophthalmology ; dry eye ; magnesium ; pharmacy ; food supplements ; drugstore ; functional foods ; healthy eating ; credibility ; extrinsic attributes ; conjoint analysis ; Mediterranean diet ; phytonutrients ; dietary recommendations ; healthy diet ; polyphenols ; flavonoids ; carotenoids ; organosulfur ; caffeine ; antidiabetic activity ; antioxidant activity ; inhibition of α-glucosidase ; inhibition of α-amylase ; inhibition of collagenase ; kombucha ; bacteria ; yeast ; metagenome ; metabolome ; tea polyphenols ; antioxidants ; Glossogyne tenuifolia ; exercise ; forelimb grip strength ; lactate ; ammonia ; creatine kinase ; medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) ; obesity ; energy expenditure ; diet-derived fat ; postprandial resting metabolism ; sedentary ; octanoic acid ; decanoic acid ; creatine ; magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; cost-effectiveness ; brain ; muscle ; healthcare ; anthocyanins ; organosulfur compounds ; tannins ; phenolic acids ; Persea americana ; non-alcoholic liver disease ; liver enzymes ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; novel foods ; novel ingredients ; extracts ; risk assessment ; dietary supplements ; HPLC ; food authenticity ; neural tube defects ; food ; food analysis ; food ingredients ; infant formula ; kynurenic acid ; (poly)phenol-based supplement ; pharmacokinetics ; urinary excretion ; bioavailability ; inter-individual variability ; non-invasive brain stimulation ; TMS ; a-tDCS ; indicaxanthin ; brain food ; cortical excitability ; homeostatic plasticity ; trans-resveratrol ; regulation ; labels ; nutrition claims ; high-performance thin-layer chromatography ; HPTLC ; glutamine ; intestinal stem cells ; crypt ; proliferation ; burns ; micronutrient ; health claim ; labeling ; European legislation ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This book focuses on advanced research topics on human lactation, such as breastfeeding experiences, milk composition and production, COVID-19 and human milk, food allergens in human milk, the human milk microbiome, and the impacts of human milk on infant growth and development. The symposium proceedings aim to add diversity, passion, and innovation to lactation research and have a positive impact on mothers, infants, and communities worldwide, showcasing integrative mother/infant-centered research.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: We are facing a complicated public health issue in the form of global drug shortages, including antibiotics. Synthetic biology empowers the next generation of antibiotics development, bringing us into a new era.
    Keywords: global regulator ; milbemycins ; Streptomyces bingchenggensis ; SspH ; actinorhodin ; avermectin ; ceftriaxone ; hepatotoxicity ; metal complexes ; oxidative stress ; Streptomyces ; comparative transcriptome ; polyether antibiotics ; salinomycin ; exporter genes ; spectroscopic studies ; antioxidant capacities ; hepatic functions ; cancer cells ; cefotaxime ; Inonotus hispidus ; natural product ; biological activity ; medicinal fungi ; phytochemicals ; antimicrobial agents ; biosynthetic pathway ; secondary metabolites ; 1-benzazepine ; l-kynurenine ; genome mining ; biosynthesis ; iterative methyltransferase ; genetic dereplication ; cyclodipeptide ; OSMAC ; cytotoxicity ; Zymomonas mobilis ; antibiotic resistance ; ampicillin ; genome editing ; CRISPR−Cas12a ; resistance selection markers ; traditional Chinese medicine ; antifungal drug ; immune regulation ; combination of drugs ; fungal infection ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The authentication of foods and beverages is a very current topic of great interest for all the actors involved in the food chain, including the food industry, consumers, and food science researchers. Food authenticity covers many different aspects related to mislabeling, adulteration, and misleading claims about origin, production methods, or processing technologies. As many factors may affect the chemical composition of foods (e.g., geographical origin, variety or breed, conditions of cultivation, and breeding and/or feeding), the implementation of accurate, robust, and high-throughput analytical methods is needed to assess their authenticity and traceability and, consequently, guarantee their safety and quality in terms of organoleptic, nutritional, and bioactive characteristics. For these purposes, multiple analytical tools can be employed in combination with advanced chemometrics, such as spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, DNA-based methods, and state-of-the-art omics approaches. In this context, in 2020, the journal Foods launched the Special Issue “Food Authentication: Techniques, Trends and Emerging Approaches” to gather research papers and review articles dealing with the development and application of analytical techniques and emerging approaches in food authentication. Considering the success and popularity of this earlier Special Issue, we will now release a second Special Issue comprising ten valuable scientific contributions, including one review article, one commentary article, and eight original research articles.
    Keywords: rapid authentication ; handheld Raman ; NIR ; fatty acid profile ; oil qualification ; coffee authenticity ; HPLC-UV ; HPLC-FLD ; fingerprinting ; chemometrics ; food adulteration ; chicory ; barley ; flours ; fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy ; second-derivative spectrum ; red pepper powder ; geographical origin ; discriminant analysis ; SDS method ; Qiagen method ; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ; multiple attribute decision making (MADM) analysis ; Aerodramus ; coffee ; fermentation ; gastrointestinal tract ; Kopi Luwak ; civet ; characterization ; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy ; cluster analysis ; Sherry vinegar ; spectralprint ; random forest ; support vector machine ; molecular traceability ; authentication ; agri-food ; molecular markers ; DNA barcoding ; isothermal amplification ; sequencing ; alkaline phosphatase determination ; PDO Pecorino Siciliano cheese ; raw milk determination ; vinegar ; protected designation of origin ; UV-Vis spectroscopy ; prediction ; sterols ; olive oil ; triterpenic dialcohols ; supported liquid extraction ; high performance liquid chromatography ; gas chromatography ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Biocontrol of plant diseases is considered one of the most important and current challenges of our society due to the need to look for eco-friendly alternatives to chemicals. Thus, research towards the biological control sensu lato [antagonist microorganisms, biostimulants, Induced Resistance (IR)] of plant diseases is an urgent demand for the agro-food sector of the Euroregion as well as for our society in the frame of the European Green Deal. Exploring different biocontrol tools as well as their combined effect against plant diseases is essential to generate knowledge on such topics to look for optimum management strategies in crop protection in the frame of organic and sustainable agriculture. Within this framework, this Special Issue of Plants brings together a collection of research papers on applied plant pathology and targeted reviews of biocontrol, including studies on antagonist microorganisms, biostimulants, and host resistance-inducers against plant diseases.
    Keywords: biological control agents ; biostimulation ; resistance host inducers ; sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Fruits and vegetables are important sources of nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds, and provide many health benefits. However, due to non-optimal post-harvest management, large quantities of fresh or fresh-cut fruits and vegetables experience a decline in their quality and nutritional value before they reach the consumer. This Special Issue covers technologies for the harvesting, handling, and storage of vegetables, including storage strategies such as active packaging, edible coatings, the application of nanotechnology in the post-harvest of vegetable crops, and others, with the aim of improving the shelf-life of fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables.
    Keywords: fresh walnut ; total phenols ; frozen storage ; fatty acid ; antioxidant enzyme ; fruit storage ; antioxidant capacity ; phenolic compounds ; gene expression ; Fragaria × ananassa Duch. ; Sabrosa ; ripening stage ; headspace solid phase microextraction (HS SPME GC/MS) ; HPLC-MS/MS principal component analysis ; fresh-cut cauliflower ; storage period ; calcium chloride ; temperature ; factor analysis ; quality ; table grapes ; optimal harvesting ; technological maturity ; phenolic maturity ; non-destructive tools ; Multiplex® 3 ; pectin-based coating ; quality attributes ; fresh-cut carrot ; respiratory activity ; carotenoids and phenolic compounds ; lemon byproduct ; antioxidant ; e-nose ; ATR-FTIR ; image analysis ; multivariate analysis ; Barhi dates ; Phoenix dactylifera ; chitosan ; orange peel ; olive cake ; coating ; scanning electron microscopy ; surface structure ; antifungal active packaging ; raspberry ; green tea extract ; rosemary extract ; citrus ; intelligent logistics ; modeling ; orange ; postharvest ; chilling injury ; storage ; melatonin ; 1-MCP ; oregano ; vacuum packaging ; Allium cepa ; Rhus coriaria ; refrigeration ; mango fruit ; melatonin treatment ; cold storage ; decay ; physiological and metabolic processes ; goji berries ; shelf-life ; postharvest quality ; sensorial attributes ; freshness ; active packaging ; cold plasma ; dipping ; E-nose ; high hydrostatic pressure ; innovative postharvest technologies ; pulsed electric field ; vacuum impregnation ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; Pleurotus eryngii ; king oyster mushroom ; quality influential factors ; preservation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue collects research on and applications of the relationship between food, nutrition, and databases. The development of databases of nutrients, bioactive compounds, and metabolites are key tools for human health and public nutrition and represent resources for a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, epidemiology, and medicinal areas. The current research trends are highlighted.
    Keywords: plant sterols ; database ; Polish population ; supermarket packaged foods ; private labels ; generic labels ; branded labels ; health star rating ; sugar ; sodium ; healthiness ; price ; public health policy ; food data ; natural substances ; health promotion ; sustainable foods ; national food composition databases ; one health ; nutritional knowledge ; eight-year-old students ; official control ; school canteen ; food composition database ; nutrient pattern ; nutrient composition ; principal component analysis ; food-based dietary guideline ; salt intake ; South Africa ; salt content ; nutritional claims ; nutrient profile/profiling models ; changes in sodium content ; food database ; public health ; industrially-produced trans fatty acids ; Elaidic acid ; Linolelaidic acid ; traditional dishes ; Arabic sweets ; market foods ; Lebanon ; n/a ; fast food ; total sugars ; population health ; food environments ; meal combos ; food standardization ; nutrients ; bioactive compounds ; personalized nutrition ; saccharin ; sucralose ; gut microbiota ; acceptable daily intake ; short-term studies ; long-term studies ; short-chain fatty acids ; cognitive impairment ; cognitive decline ; nutritional care ; hospitalized patient ; elderly patient ; EuroFIR AISBL ; food data banks ; standardization ; harmonization ; interoperability ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The survival of plants under stressful environments requires the study of the mechanisms that help in reversing the adverse impacts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) excessively generated under these conditions. Understanding the mechanisms helps in adopting strategies to induce such mechanisms for the better acclimation of plants. These ROS, if not scavenged, cause damage of cellular components, including lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites, and, in extreme cases, even the death of cells in plants. Confronted with abiotic stress, there is an initial elevation in ROS that activates redox signaling to initiate defense in plants through the activation of antioxidant activity. The improvement in the capacity of antioxidant machinery is one of the essential strategies with which to develop tolerance and relieve the pressure of abiotic-stress-induced oxidative changes for the survival of plants. This reprint provides knowledge on the following aspects: Impact of abiotic stress factors and the response of antioxidant machinery to changing abiotic stress conditions, as well as strategies with which to strengthen antioxidant machinery for the survival of plants; Strategies to improve the tolerance mechanisms of plants against abiotic stress factors; Roles and the mechanisms of the plant signaling molecules/growth modifiers/mineral nutrients/hormones/other elicitors in relieving the impacts of abiotic stresses; The utilization of approaches such as genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, ionomics, and nutiomics to strengthen antioxidant machinery and make plant life easier under abiotic stress conditions.
    Keywords: tomato ; photosynthesis ; root growth ; oxidative damage ; melatonin ; drought ; gene expression ; toxic metals/metalloid ; nanoparticles ; phytohormones ; phytoremediation ; reactive oxygen species ; antioxidant enzymes ; heavy metal stress ; ubiquitination ; protein degradation ; gas exchange features ; osmotic adjustment ; water deficiency ; water-use-efficiency ; antioxidant defense ; arabidopsis ; bioinformatic analysis ; SlBAG genes ; SlBAG9 ; Solanum lycopersicum ; antioxidants ; oxidative stress ; marker-free transgenic rice ; mature seed-derived calli ; pea DNA helicase 45 ; salinity stress tolerance ; ethylene response factor ; flooding stress ; metallothionein ; monodehydroascorbic acid reductase ; resistant cultivar ; respiratory burst oxidase ; sensitive cultivar ; biochemical metabolites ; plant growth ; stigmasterol ; wheat ; polyamine ; iron-deficiency ; transcriptomics ; BAG9 ; Hsps ; thermotolerance ; ethylene ; hydrogen sulfide ; nitric oxide ; rice ; Arabidopsis ; metabolome ; ROS ; rohitukine ; ascorbate peroxidase ; catalase ; hydrogen peroxide ; NADP dehydrogenases ; NADPH oxidase ; salt stress ; superoxide dismutase ; seed priming ; spermine ; chromium ; S1fa transcription factor ; cell wall ; yeast ; antioxidant enzyme ; heat stress ; betaine ; seed germination ; physiology ; biochemistry ; Hibiscus cannabinus ; physiological changes ; bioactive constituents ; antioxidant capacity ; bioactive molecules ; carotenoids ; flavonoids ; osmotic stress ; phenolic acids ; secondary metabolites ; exogenous spermidine ; lettuce ; transcriptome ; vanadium stress ; sweet potato ; antioxidant defense system ; stomatal traits ; antioxidant systems ; Cu stress ; leucine ; nitrogen metabolism ; peach ; polyamine uptake protein ; Put2 ; ascorbate ; Dittrichia ; glutathione ; thallium toxicity ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint represents a collection of scientific papers belonging to a Special Issue of Antioxidants entitled "Advances in the Astonishing World of Phytochemicals: State-of-the-Art for Antioxidants". Several studies have revealed that plants are a source of a plethora of bioactive compounds, such as phytohormones, glycosides, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and essential oils, with a strong potential impact in the fields of pharmaceutics and agriculture. These phytochemicals represent a valuable weapon that plants use in self-defense in order to counteract the effects of abiotic stress disturbing the delicate equilibrium between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense systems. In recent years, interest in this area of research has been increasing due to the multifaceted properties of natural compounds with antioxidants having anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanism of their action is crucial to establishing their real potential in applied sciences. This reprint focuses on the most recent advances in the study of antioxidant molecular mechanisms activated by phytochemicals, with potential pharmacological and agricultural applications. We thank all the authors for their contribution to the research topic of this reprint and all editorial staff for their valuable support.
    Keywords: antioxidant response element (ARE) ; Nrf2 signaling pathway ; bioactive byproducts ; proanthocyanidins ; oxidative stress mechanisms ; thinned apples ; polyphenols ; anti-oxidant ; anti-inflammatory ; NRF2 ; NF-κB ; proteomics ; antioxidants ; acetylcholinesterase ; 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ; HPLC ; medicinal plants ; oxidative stress ; cytotoxicity ; hepatoprotective effects ; HeLa cancer ; inflammation ; mass spectrometry ; oxidation ; prostate cancer ; phytochemical ; phenolic acids ; phenolic mixtures ; interaction effect ; antioxidant activity ; FRAP ; ORAC ; Achillea millefolium ; yarrow extract ; H. pylori ; supercritical anti-solvent fractionation ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antibacterial activity ; A. gangeticus ; protein and dietary fiber ; minerals ; phytochemicals ; HPLC-UV DPPH ; ABTS+ ; PA profiles ; NaCl ; Mexican Gordolobo ; supercritical CO2 extraction ; fatty acids ; biomass valorization ; mountain pepper ; rosella ; strawberry gum ; lemon aspen ; flavonoids ; anthocyanins ; bioavailability ; LC-MS/MS ; microalgae ; exopolysaccharides ; phycoerythrin ; biocompatibility ; wound healing ; Echinacea purpurea extracts ; fractions ; phenols/carboxylic acids ; alkylamides ; human primary macrophages ; pressurized liquid extraction ; seaweeds ; green extraction technique ; bioactive compounds ; functional ingredients ; food packaging ; future trends ; tomato-based products ; metabolic syndrome ; HFD ; antioxidant capacity ; phytonutrients ; yarrow ; fragmentation pathway ; electrospray ionization ; secondary metabolites ; horseradish ; mass spectra ; kaolinite ; phyto-carrier system ; phytocompounds ; methyl gallate ; autophagy ; apoptosis ; p53 ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Environmental issues have attracted great attention with the pursuit of a high quality of life, and the effective removal of environmental pollutants is a great challenge today. This includes two topics: one is to remove the pollutants produced post-treatment, and the other is to synthesize chemicals by a green route, avoiding producing pollutants in the process.Catalytic technology is an effective way to solve environmental problems, which can facilitate the conversion of pollutants to nontoxic or even useful chemicals. Thus, this reprint focuses on resolving the environmental problems by a catalysis technology, including photocatalysis, thermocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. Research works relating to the catalytic removal of pollutants or the catalytic synthesis of chemicals by a green route are reported.
    Keywords: antibiotics ; photocatalytic degradation ; degradation mechanism ; photocatalysts ; ROS ; solid Fe resources ; recycling ; CO oxidation ; propane dehydrogenation ; dendrimer-like silica nanoparticle support ; Pt/Sn ratios ; selective oxidation ; benzaldehyde ; nanometer-size catalyst ; MOFs material ; graphitic carbon nitride ; metal oxides ; heterojunctions ; synthesis ; photocatalytic applications ; photocatalysis ; photodegradation ; carbon nitride ; phase junction ; MOF ; electrocatalysis ; electronic structure ; flow cell ; large current density ; Co3O4/Bi12O17Cl2 ; heterojunction ; Rhodamine-B ; Bisphenol-A ; oxygen vacancy ; exciton effect ; Bi2MoO6 ; sodium pentachlorophenate ; visible light ; N-doped TiO2 ; Bi2WO6 ; composite photocatalyst ; benzene degradation ; thermoactivation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Fungal natural products have made important contributions to the history of human civilization. Mr. Liu Jikai has had a significant influence on the field of chemistry in fungal natural products, leading a large number of Chinese scholars engaged in related research. We would like to take this opportunity to thank Mr. Liu Jikai for his efforts on fungal natural products chemistry and hope that all colleagues will make great progress for the future.
    Keywords: sesquiterpenoids ; fungus ; structures ; structural diversity ; biological activity ; synthesis ; heterologous expression ; PKS-NRPS ; ilicicolin H ; shunt metabolite ; Trichoderma reesei ; Craterellus ordoratus ; isolation and structural elucidation ; immunosuppressive activity ; propionyl-CoA metabolism ; modular polyketide synthase ; propionyl-CoA carboxylase ; Bipolaris sp. ; kiwi-associated fungus ; sesquiterpenoid ; xanthone ; anti-pathogenic microorganism activity ; monomeric sorbicillinoids ; bisorbicillinoids ; trisorbicillinoids ; hybrid sorbicillinoids ; fungi ; occurrence ; biological activities ; verrucosidins ; Penicillium cellarum ; glucose uptake-stimulating activity ; molecular networking ; endophytic fungi ; secondary metabolites ; structural feature ; drug discovery ; Phaeosphaeria sp. ; secondary metabolite ; polyketide ; AChE inhibitor ; biosynthetic pathways ; diterpenes ; isolation ; structure ; biosynthesis ; biosynthetic pathway crosstalk ; natural product ; biosynthetic gene cluster ; bioactivity ; Ganoderma applanatum ; lanostane triterpenoid ; Mosher’s method ; anti-adipogenesis activity ; structure–activity relationship ; PKS ; waste valorization ; microbial cell factory ; phenalenones ; cancer ; casein kinase ; CK2 inhibitor ; molecular docking ; Asteromyces cruciatus ; marine fungi ; polyketides ; sortase A ; chlore-containing metabolites ; Staphylococcus aureus ; antibacterial activity ; biofilm formation ; Boeremia exigua ; Fritillaria hupehensis ; eremophilanes ; boeremialanes ; anti-inflammatory ; NO production inhibition ; Ganoderma australe ; triterpene ; 20(22)E configuration ; PGME method ; balanol biosynthesis ; protein kinase C inhibitor ; Zn2Cys6 ; regulator BlnR ; medium optimization ; fermentation ; Tolypocladium ophioglossoides ; sorbicillinoids ; Acremonium chrysogenum ; structure elucidation ; DPPH radical scavenging activity ; antimicrobial compounds ; marine natural products ; endophytic fungus ; Phomopsis ; cytochalasan ; antimigratory activity ; Sparticola triseptata ; ECD–TDDFT ; antiproliferative ; cytotoxic ; actin inhibitors ; sulfur ; plant endophyte ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Ecological patterns are the manifestation of salient feedback between species and the environment, considering both the natural and built environment. Mapping this dynamical feedback over space and time means extracting the structural and functional networks of habitats and species whose nexus defines the systemic function that can be preserved and enhanced via protection and eco-engineering solutions. The key is to sense the ecological collective behavior that is salient for quantitative ecosystem assessment, forecasting, and engineering. This Topic aims to highlight data, methods, inferred processes, and solutions about collective ecological patterns at multiple scales and for diverse ecosystems. The core objective is to stress the crucial importance of ecological information and monitoring for detailed and quantitative assessment of ecosystems on which future nature-based solutions can be developed considering climate risks and population values.
    Keywords: Biodiversity ; Ecosystems ; Biocomplexity ; Sensing ; Networks ; Information ; Environment ; Ecology&nbsp ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The exposure of animals to environmental stresses (restraint, bad housing conditions, irradiation, pollution, diseases, and heat stress) and endogenous stresses (metabolic and physiological disorders) can seriously disrupt the redox homeostasis, leading to impairments in animals’ health and overall performance. Under these circumstances, the self-antioxidant defense system may not be enough to neutralize ROS effects. In this context, the utilization of an exogenous source of antioxidants, mainly dietary sources, may present an effective and cost-effective solution. There are a plethora of substances, either naturally occurring or synthesized (organic acids, minerals, vitamins, hormones, and specific feed additives originating from plants such as essential oils and polyphenols), known for their antioxidant activity, that can be used to maintain adequate redox status in animals in order to preserve their well-being and/or productivity. This area of research still needs more investigations in order to clearly elucidate the effective antioxidant substances that could be used in practical applications, with an emphasis on their biological mechanisms during different physiological conditions and health statuses. We intend to bring together current research concerning the role of antioxidant substances either from natural sources or those synthesized for improving animal production, reproduction, health, and welfare.
    Keywords: antinutrient ; enzyme ; fermentation ; fiber ; gut health ; microbiota ; meta-analysis ; poultry ; prebiotic ; antioxidants ; growth ; heat stress ; rabbit ; selenium ; spirulina ; zinc ; broiler ; dietary protein level ; phytogenic feed additive ; growth performance ; immune response ; exercise ; endurance ; undenatured type II collagen ; anti-inflammatory ; cardiac injury markers ; oxidative stress ; histopathology ; Bcl-2 ; Bax ; TGF-β1 ; date palm (pollen extract) ; doxorubicin ; nitrocompounds ; nitropropanol ; nitroethanol ; biochemical parameters ; oregano essential oil ; temperature ; sea bass ; cornelian cherry extract ; glucose transporter ; gene expression ; oxidative biomarker ; chicken ; cyclic heat stress ; Spirulina platensis ; redox status ; serum metabolites ; blood hematology ; meat quality ; fipronil ; boswellic acid ; PCNA ; semen ; fertility-related markers ; Oreochromis niloticus ; antioxidant ; hematology ; nitric oxide ; lysozyme ; copper toxicity ; vitamin C ; vitamin E ; hematological parameters ; phytogenic ; phenols ; antimicrobial activity ; immunity ; phenolic antioxidant ; olive oil ; caprine ; spermatozoa ; Bayesian inference ; Duroc breed boars ; biochemistry ; blood parameters ; feeding time ; correlation coefficients ; Turraea fischeri ; polyphenolics ; semen cryopreservation ; sperm ultrastructure ; antioxidant biomarker ; apoptosis ; nano particles ; performance ; blood ; pathogens ; quails ; carcass traits ; blood biochemical constituents ; abdominal fat color ; meat fatty acid profile ; liver histology ; broilers ; Eimeria tenella ; broiler chickens ; oocyst shedding ; volatile fatty acids ; feed efficiency ; cecal health ; active yeast ; antioxidant status ; nutrient density ; trace element ; laying hen performance ; high temperature ; inflammation ; cryopreservation ; tannin ; polyphenols ; semen additives ; carcass ; fructooligosaccharide ; haemato-biochemical parameters ; cecal microbiota ; propolis ; bee pollen ; productive performance ; fertility ; Holstein ; folic acid ; pregnancy ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint contains 12 high-quality original research papers by 74 authors from 17 countries on 3 continents: Asia (China, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Russia), Europe (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, and the United Kingdom), and North America (USA). These papers were published in a Special Issue, “Performance and Modification of Wood and Wood-Based Materials”, of the journal Forests. They provide examples concerning conventional and novel modification processes of wood and wood-based materials, their improved/modified properties, and their relevant applications.
    Keywords: heat treatment ; Chinese fir ; TD-NMR ; free water ; bound water ; MC ; birch wood ; spent engine oil ; water resistance ; biostability ; dimensional stability ; black alder ; birch ; color ; varnish system ; surface pre-treatment ; sanding ; thermal compression ; artificial aging ; wood plastic composite ; rubberwood ; polyethylene terephthalate ; silica ; thermo-hydro-mechanical densification ; Scots pine ; creep compliance ; thermal modification ; resin impregnation ; wood ; Maillard reaction ; thermal/chemical treatment ; mechanical properties ; infrared spectroscopy ; biological properties ; thermo-hydro-mechanical treatment ; molecular dynamics ; wood cellulose ; Acacia hybrid ; fast-growing ; copper chrome arsenic ; physical and mechanical properties ; coir fiber ; alkali treatment ; parameter optimization ; black locust wood ; ThermoWood process ; colour ; extractives ; chemical changes ; FTIR spectroscopy ; thermal densification ; plywood properties ; wood veneers ; Eucalyptus urograndis ; Chrysoporthe deuterocubensis ; infection classes ; chemical analysis ; FTIR analysis ; fungal decay ; termite attack ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: After successful government-led afforestation projects, what are the challenges for forest management in the face of climate change in East Asia? This reprint presents studies from the natural and social sciences related to forest conservation, engineering, disaster sociology, and forest policy in China and Japan. The papers cover a range of topics, including forest owners' attitudes, forest resource utilization, evaluation of forestry mechanization and forest roads, characteristics of damage from torrential rains, resilience of rural communities, economic transformation, and others.
    Keywords: Yangtze River Delta ; forest resources abundance ; economic development ; ESG ; sustainable management ; corporate social responsibility (CSR) ; non-financial disclosure ; emerging market ; key state-owned forest area ; system coupling ; ecological construction ; economic transformation ; grey relational analysis (GRA) ; extreme value analysis ; daily rainfall ; floods ; rainfall-induced landslides ; regional frequency analysis ; station-year method ; Kyushu region ; CO2 emission ; forestry ; Gifu Prefecture ; input–output analysis ; renewable energy ; ripple effect ; eco-efficiency ; sustainable development ; forestry resources ; New Scheme of Forest Management ; Forest Management Law ; private forest ; small-scale forestry ; typology of forest owners ; Japan ; bearing capacity ; road construction method ; roadbed strength ; soil ; spur road ; forest road failure ; streamside ; stream crossing ; zero-order basin ; relative risk ; seisan shinrin kumiai ; ninka chien dantai ; common property resource ; developed countries ; external policy influence ; forest management activities ; local landscape ; observation ; depopulation ; municipal government ; local identity ; revitalization ; outsiders ; collaboration ; resilience ; small-scale forest road ; UAV ; Structure from Motion (SfM) ; earthwork volume ; under tree canopy ; productivity ; harvesting system ; processor tower yarder ; combined machine productivity ; combined labor productivity ; afforestation ; under-utilization ; forestry operation ; clearcutting ; economic losses ; societal losses ; rural community ; disaster-resilient forestry ; East Asia ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Consumer interest in plant-based diets has been rapidly increasing in the past decade. Non-dairy and non-meat alternatives have gone mainstream. New products are appearing in the marketplace continually. The marketplace has been driven recently by millennials and flexitarians. Food companies have focused on providing nutritious food products that satisfy the demand for alternative items that look and taste like their animal counterparts. The marketplace wants products that improve human and planetary health worldwide. Questions have arisen as to how nutritionally sound and healthy are these products. How sustainable are these plant-based diets? How significantly do they alter traditional dietary patterns? What impact do they have on food security? Do these plant-based meat and dairy alternatives help lessen environmental degradation? Are the new products considered ultra-processed foods? What are the barriers and motivations that drive people to switch to a plant-based diet? Will plant-based diets help in the goal to greatly diminish malnutrition and over-nutrition (leading to obesity) around the world? These questions challenge scientists to provide meaningful answers through their ongoing research. Some of these issues are discussed in this reprint, based upon the latest research.
    Keywords: planetary health ; Paris agreement ; linear programming ; nutrition ; greenhouse gas emission ; alternative diets ; sustainability ; flexitarian ; vegetarian ; vegan ; plant-based meat alternatives ; nutrient intakes ; dairy alternative ; dairy substitute ; cheese analogues ; vegan cheese ; vegetarian cheese ; plant-based alternatives ; pregnancy ; nutritional requirements ; food production system ; environment ; diet ; meat replacement ; non-meat protein source ; environmental sustainability ; consumer preference ; food choice ; non-dairy yogurt alternatives ; plant-based yogurts ; nutrient composition ; fortification ; calcium ; vitamin D ; vitamin B12 ; protein ; sugar ; plant-based diets ; microbiome ; CV disease ; diabetes ; bone health ; life cycle ; pea proteins ; plant proteins ; sarcopenia ; skeletal muscle ; protein digestibility ; muscle protein metabolism ; chronic kidney disease ; implementation ; barriers ; enablers ; cross-sectional survey ; qualitative research ; food waste ; global warming ; vegetarian meals ; hospital setting ; plant based ; public health ; pregnancy complications ; preterm delivery ; small for gestational age ; preeclampsia ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on feeding and feed technology advances and challenges in aquaculture. These are of particular interest since aquaculture and fisheries are considered crucial sources of animal protein in human diets, providing around 17% of global edible animal protein. Special attention is given to alternative sources of fish meal and how substitutions can influence the metabolism, immune response, and disease resistance of the targeted species. Moreover, the impact of plant extracts on growth performances, physiological responses, immunity, and intestinal health is addressed.
    Keywords: Pacific bluefin tuna ; squid meal ; krill meal ; heat treatment ; growth performance ; dietary protein ; glycolipid metabolism ; immune response ; Streptococcus agalactiae ; high temperature ; Macleaya cordata extract ; serum lipid ; antioxidant ability ; intestinal microbiota ; intestinal health ; Anguilla rostrata ; feed additives ; immune gene expressions ; antioxidant defensive system ; Spirulina ; digestive enzymes ; hepatic enzymes ; gene expression ; aquaculture ; cyanobacteria ; Bangladesh ; children ; dry fish ; malnutrition ; minerals ; nutrients ; protein ; vitamins ; women ; whitebait ; larval diet ; formulated feed ; PUFA ; HUFA ; herbal medicines ; growth ; striped catfish ; immunity ; largemouth bass ; pompano ; amberjack ; red drum ; algal oil ; olive flounder ; fish meal replacement ; meat meal ; regression analysis ; innate immune response ; Lamiaceae ; fish ; health ; antioxidant ; nutrition ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Yarrowia lipolytica ; Haematococcus pluvialis ; astaxanthin ; pigmentation deposit ; antioxidation ; Ctenopharyngodon idellus ; Phragmites australis ; serum biochemistry ; immune-related factors ; immune gene ; alternative protein source ; essential amino acid ; insect meal ; protein replacement ; T. tinca ; whole-body composition ; feed ; insects ; innovation ; sustainability ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAF Fisheries and related industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Mangrove forests are in constant flux due to both natural and anthropogenic forces. The changing mangroves will have significant consequences to coastal communities. Observation and monitoring of the distribution and dynamics of mangroves is central to a wide range of scientific investigations conducted in both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Recent advancements in remote sensing data availability, image-processing methodologies, computing and information technology, and human resource development have provided an opportunity to observe and monitor mangroves from local to global scales on a regular basis. The spectral, spatial, and temporal resolution of remote sensing data and their availability have improved, making it possible to observe and monitor mangroves with unprecedented spatial thematic and temporal details. This journal Remote Sensing Special Issue reprint dedicated to the observation and monitoring of mangroves using remote sensing from local to global scales. The Issue broadly covers the application of remote sensing using optical (multi-spectral and hyperspectral), radar, and Lidar data obtained from multiple platforms including ground, air, and space. The research papers published use the latest techniques to acquire, manage, exploit, process, and analyze a wide variety of remote sensing data for mangrove forest applications. Both research papers and innovative review papers are included.
    Keywords: mangrove ; natural recovery ; artificial neural network ; Sentinel-2 ; transfer learning ; change detection ; coastal region ; remote sensing ; fragmentation ; productivity ; land cover change ; mangrove ecosystem ; random forest (RF) ; Google Earth Engine (GEE) ; Sentinel ; synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ; optical ; aerial roots ; global sensitivity analysis ; PAWN ; canopy reflectance model ; vegetation index (VI) ; mangroves ; Landsat ; mangrove forests ; time series ; Google Earth Engine ; random forests ; phenology ; TIMESAT ; climate ; monitoring ; Great Barrier Reef ; Hainan Island ; CLUE-S ; spatio-temporal simulation ; future change trends ; mangrove species ; spectrometer ; spectral reflectance ; WorldView-2 ; dendrogram ; extent ; mapping ; sentinel-2 ; global mangrove watch ; remote sensing-based monitoring ; plantation ; restoration ; dieback ; Bay of Bengal ; Red River Delta ; Vietnam ; vegetation index ; mangrove index ; mangrove forest ; mangrove above ground ; biomass ; carbon sink ; bibliometric analysis ; Sembilang National Park (Indonesia) ; machine learning ; satellites images ; geoprocessing ; rehabilitation program of mangroves ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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  • 26
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Food quality, including dietary quality and diversity, is as essential to human health as air is to human life. In addition, other healthy lifestyle factors, including a healthy body mass index, regular exercise, no smoking, and sufficient sleep duration, are associated with a lower incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases and longer life expectancy. More importantly, maternal healthy lifestyle factors are also associated with a substantially reduced risk of chronic diseases in their offspring. Childhood is a critical period for the development of a healthy lifestyle and the prevention of chronic diseases in adulthood. However, the prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing and unhealthy lifestyles are becoming an epidemic, posing a potential future burden of adult chronic disease. The aim of this Special Issue is to identify and assess dietary factors, including dietary diversity and specific nutrients/phytochemicals, as well as other healthy lifestyle factors, in the prevention and management of childhood chronic diseases. Additionally, we want to identify gaps and tools that could help with the assessment of children’s health. We wanted to encourage all researchers who work in this field to submit original research, reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses to this Special Issue to broaden our knowledge and pave the way for new research directions.
    Keywords: preschool children ; nutritional status ; eating habits ; Mediterranean diet ; Split-Dalmatia County ; fruit consumption ; lipid ; dyslipidemia ; children and adolescents ; China ; child ; diet quality ; caregiver perception ; CCDI ; dietary fat ; polyunsaturated fatty acid ; monounsaturated fatty acid ; puberty timing ; soy food ; obesity ; hypertension ; child and adolescent health ; food marketing ; policy research ; diet ; kindergarten ; menus ; nutritional errors ; children ; blood pressure ; single-child status ; lifestyle behaviors ; birth cohort ; prospective study ; maternal dietary pattern ; neurodevelopment ; malnutrition ; overnutrition ; fruit and vegetable intake ; potassium intake ; renal damage ; leptin ; preterm neonate ; intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) ; growth trajectories ; children health prognosis ; diet quality questionnaire ; food groups ; sentinel foods ; dietary diversity ; sedentary behavior ; metabolic syndrome ; preterm ; prebiotics ; glycomacropeptide ; metagenomics ; breastfeeding ; obesity phenotypes ; healthy lifestyle ; baby food ; food contaminant ; toxic elements ; food exposure ; children safety ; children’s health ; arsenic ; cadmium ; mercury ; lead ; latent class analysis ; mediation analysis ; health-related behavior ; cohort ; health-related quality of life ; Swedish Healthy Eating Index for Adolescents 2015 (SHEIA15) ; Riksmaten Adolescents Diet Diversity Score (RADDS) ; inositol ; myo-inositol ; D-chiro-inositol ; gestational diabetes mellitus ; insulin resistance ; randomized controlled trial ; meta-analysis ; screeners ; nutrition ; physical activity ; sedentary behaviour ; lifestyle risk ; COVID-19 ; dietary balance ; Japan ; mealtime regularity ; lifestyle ; electronic devices ; household ; fast food ; adolescents ; dietary behavior ; family ; childhood asthma ; innate immunity ; fruit and vegetables ; carotenoids ; cardio-metabolic risk factors ; birth weight ; parents’ educational level ; parents’ occupational level ; birthweight ; adiposity ; cardiorespiratory fitness ; cholesterol ; lifestyle intervention ; KIDMED test ; kidney impairment ; Diet Quality Questionnaire ; global dietary recommendations ; overweight ; child-nutrition disorders ; prediabetic state ; nutrition therapy ; Mediterranean ; rural health ; complementary feeding ; determinants ; infant feeding ; Thailand ; young child ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Many of the most common diseases are influenced by a combination of multiple factors, which include environmental effectors as well as genetic and epigenetic variations. Therefore, these diseases are grouped under the term “complex” diseases because, from the point of view of genetics, they cannot be explained by simple Mendelian inheritance. The aim of this special issue was to identify genetic and epigenetic factors involved in such diseases in order to improve not only the knowledge of risk factors for those diseases, which could be of help for prevention, but also the understanding and characterization of each disease and to optimize and personalize the treatment.
    Keywords: chromatin remodeling ; circular RNA ; DNA methylation ; histone modification ; non-coding RNA ; oncogenes ; tumor suppressor genes ; tumor virus ; chronic lymphocytic leukemia ; CLL ; SF3B1 mutation ; NOTCH ; IKAROS ; syncope ; vasovagal syncope ; genetics ; complex disorders ; susceptibility ; twin studies ; family studies ; candidate gene association studies ; genome-wide studies ; acute myeloid leukemia ; pediatric ; trio sequencing ; germline cancer predisposition ; POT1 ; shelterin complex ; psoriasis ; psoriatic arthritis ; NF-κB ; comorbidities ; genetic architecture ; SKP1 ; CUL1 ; RBX1 ; SKP2 ; FBXW7 ; FBXO5 ; SCF complex ; genome instability ; chromosome instability ; cancer ; VDBP ; vitamin D binding protein ; rs7041 ; rs4588 ; bone density ; diabetes ; obesity ; COPD ; pulmonary tuberculosis ; SNP ; MD ; PD ; CD33 ; Alzheimer’s disease ; sialic acid ; phagocytosis ; KLF14 ; body shape indices ; metabolic traits ; differential effect ; genetic variants ; resistin ; soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 ; weighted genetic risk score ; Taiwan Biobank ; coronary artery disease ; all-cause mortality ; major adverse cardiac events ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; RAD21 ; cohesin complex ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Maternal and infant nutrition has been on the global agenda as central to health, sustainable development, and progress in low- and middle-income countries. Micronutrients, which play a major role in the metabolism of macronutrients, cellular metabolism, and organ development of the fetus, are important for maintaining pregnancy and fetal growth. Besides, during pregnancy, there is an elevated demand for micronutrients, the excess or deficiency of which can result in an increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. As China is a rapidly developing country with a large population, micronutrient status and its influence on maternal and infant health have always been a concern. This Special Issue aimed to estimate the influence that micronutrients can have on maternal and infant health, which provides evidence for clinical interventions and government nutrition-related policies. Additionally, this Special Issue provides study directions for research on micronutrients among pregnant women and infants. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews were welcomed. Research areas include, but are not limited to, the following: Micronutrient status of pregnant women and infants; Relationship between micronutrients and pregnancy complications as well as birth outcomes.
    Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus ; subtypes ; gene polymorphism ; vitamin D ; manganese ; cord blood ; birth outcomes ; childhood growth ; dietary pattern ; B vitamins ; pregnancy ; birth weight ; small-for-gestational-age ; reduced rank regression ; maternal hemoglobin concentration ; neonatal birth weight ; LBW ; SGA ; nonlinear association ; prospective study ; preeclampsia ; systematic review ; meta-analysis ; zinc ; copper ; selenium ; congenital heart defects ; vitamin E ; gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) ; large-for-gestational-age (LGA) ; cord serum 25(OH)D level ; vitamin D deficiency ; urinary selenium ; repeated measurements ; SNPs ; hypertensive disorders of pregnancy ; prospective cohort study ; hemoglobin ; iron supplementary ; maternal hemoglobin ; neonatal ; SGA/LBW ; LGA/macrosomia ; passive smoking ; spontaneous abortion ; co-exposure ; Vitamin D ; deficiency ; thyroid-stimulating hormone ; free thyroxine ; free triiodothyronine ; vitamin A ; retinol ; human milk ; full-term infant ; lactation stage ; nickle ; trace elements ; restricted cubic spline ; LASSO regression ; quantile g-computation ; BKMR models ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Selected studies focussing on various aspects of the evaluation of marine larval settlement on both natural and artificial surfaces, including those on pro-fouling and anti-fouling systems, have been collected for advancing our understanding of larvae–surface interactions. Biofouling is a large problem worldwide since it often causes severe damage to submerged structures, but it also leads to the formation of a well-structured community on natural hard substrata characterised by ecological succession and can be considered an important source of biodiversity. Therefore, the influence of a substratum’s physico-chemical interactions on the settlement of various organisms of the macrofouling community represents an essential factor in choosing an appropriate artificial surface for application in a variety of coastal marine ecosystems. This reprint will certainly be greatly beneficial with respect to addressing the challenges of future innovative eco-engineering designs, yielding the best solutions for industrial biofouling protection and coastal ecosystem preservation.
    Keywords: barnacles ; larvae ; anatomy ; adhesion ; electron microscopy ; biofouling ; environmental protection ; coastal waters ; larval settlement-biofilm interactions ; Notobalanus flosculus ; Chile ; chimerism ; settlement ; planulae ; neutral red ; aggregation ; Stylophora pistillata ; larval behavior ; larval settlement ; substrate preference ; water wettability ; moth-eye structure ; MOSMITETM ; silicone paradox ; ultraviolet light ; color ; surface material ; exposure interval ; Fucus ; rock type ; attachment ; mineral composition ; adhesive papillae ; adultation ; Botryllus schlosseri ; Ciona intestinalis ; tunicates ; ascidians ; antifouling paints ; booster biocides ; EC50 ; fouling settlement ; larval toxicity ; metamorphosis ; bivalves ; scallops ; spat ; artificial collectors ; recruitment ; mariculture ; non-indigenous species ; Adriatic Sea ; biocide antifoulant ; eco-friendly antifoulant ; antioxidative defence ; Mytilus galloprovincialis ; sustainable development goals ; agenda 2030 ; development ; enzyme histochemistry ; haematopoiesis ; haemocytes ; ultrastructure ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Taxonomy, floristic studies, biosystematics, classical taxonomy, and modern taxonomic advances; phylogenomics, phylogenetics, and biogeography, including phylogeography; and the description of well-documented new taxonomic taxa, monographs, and taxonomic revisions. It incorporates data from classical morphology (including both macro and micro morphology), molecular study, anatomy and ecology, distribution, molecular evolution, evolutionary development, population biology, conservation biology, evolutionary ecology, paleobiology, and related methods and theories in recent development in systematics and floristic studies.
    Keywords: species boundaries ; species concept ; taxonomic relationship ; conservation ; future climate change ; ecology ; Mimosoideae taxa ; pollen morphology ; taxonomic relevance ; light microscopy ; scanning electron microscopy ; Dalbergia ; Early Miocene ; ITS ; long-distance dispersal ; matK ; monophyletic ; rbcL ; flora ; environmental variable ; multivariate analysis ; soil moisture ; Shangla district ; Pakistan ; coastal and insular vegetation ; protected areas ; coastal wetland ; freshwater swamp ; mangrove ; lowland dipterocarp forest ; exine sculpturing ; palynomorph ; pollen grains ; Arabian Peninsula ; chorology ; flora of Saudi Arabia ; flora of West Asia ; Hijazi Mountains ; Jabal Al-Ward ; Tabuk ; Saudi Arabia ; bioclimatology ; agronomy ; olive cultivation ; climate change ; vegetation cover ; antioxidant capacity ; bioactive compounds ; endangered medicinal species ; high altitude environment ; oxidative stresses ; protectorate ; fernlike plant ; new syntaxa ; Ophioglossaceae ; phytosociological study ; palynoflora ; taxonomic ; microscopy ; systematics ; vegetation’s origin ; Turkish flora ; surface ; clustering analysis (CA) ; principle component analysis (PCA) ; Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) ; leaf ; morphometry ; morphotype ; Ricinus communis ; SEM ; stomata ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Air pollution and the changing climate are some of the greatest threats to the health and functioning of forest ecosystems, strongly jeopardizing their ecological and economic functions as well as services. The impact of increasing temperatures and extreme weather events (droughts, storms, temperature and precipitation extremes) on the vitality of forest trees is often difficult to separate from the impact of pollution, such as nitrogen deposition and tropospheric ozone, as they can exhibit synergistic effects. The use of indicators is elementary in modern forest ecophysiological research, as they help us to disentangle complex interactions between trees and various stress-inducing factors as well as better estimate the level of damage to trees and forest ecosystems.Eleven papers are included in this Special Issue, with wide-ranging topics from various disciplines but centered around tree responses to environmental stress. The task of this Special Issue is twofold: one, to remind us that a better understanding of the physiological processes influencing tree vitality under the changing climate and air pollution pressures requires considerable research efforts and constant advancements in research methods and approaches; two, to highlight the fact that the environmental pressures instigating the use of tree stress response indicators are more present than ever, and will likely continue to affect tree vitality in the foreseeable future.
    Keywords: defoliation ; monitoring ; tree vitality ; drought ; climate change ; forest decline ; extreme climate events ; tree mortality ; climate response ; radial increment ; dendrochronology ; Fagaceae ; osmolytes ; antioxidant ; phytohormones ; trade-off mechanisms ; stress marker ; oxidative stress ; tropospheric ozone ; leaf symptoms ; PODy ; water stress ; risk assessment ; climate–growth relationship ; climate signal ; tree-ring width ; basal area increment ; blue intensity ; daily climatic data ; cadmium ; nickel ; phytoremediation ; plant hormones ; polyamines ; poplar ; Populus deltoides ; antioxidative enzymes ; chlorophyll ; defoliated trees ; hydrogen peroxide ; lipid peroxidation ; nutrient concentration ; Pinus spp. ; Quercus spp. ; undefoliated trees ; pine ; BAI ; isotopes ; iWUE ; water and thermal stress ; SPEI ; Poland ; foliar composition ; stoichiometry ; ICP Forests ; tree decline ; Quercus brantii ; cellular characteristics ; calcium oxalate crystals ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Due to the high prevalence of Eating Disorders (ED) and obesity over the life-spam and the increasing comorbidity between both conditions, the goal of this Special Issue, “Eating Disorders and Obesity: Through the Life Course”, was to approach that situation from a broader perspective. We would like to have multidisciplinary contributions, approaching ED and Obesity as potential continuum (eg. Anorexia nervosa and obesity as extreme dimensions), looking not only to shared and differential risk factors (environmental, temperamental, biological, nutritional and neuroendocrinological between ED and obesity), but also to epidemiological studies exploring transition from one to the other, through the life-course, and its impact on the treatment outcome. We were expecting to have systematic reviews and empirical studies (cross-sectional and longitudinal manuscripts), coming from all over the globe.
    Keywords: body mass index (BMI) profiles ; eating disorders ; obesity ; treatment outcome ; decision making ; learning ; sensitivity to reward ; sensitivity to punishment ; effortful control ; bariatric surgery ; binge eating disorder ; food addiction ; impulsivity ; emotional eating ; childhood trauma questionnaire ; psychotherapy ; childhood obesity ; attrition rate ; follow-up ; success rate ; metabolically healthy ; weight discrimination ; workplace bullying ; burnout ; sex-specific differences ; moderated mediation ; overweight ; underweight ; adolescents ; mental health ; psychopathology ; quality of life ; eating disorder risk ; network analysis ; anorexia nervosa ; atypical psychedelics ; esketamine ; ketamine ; narrative review ; severe-enduring ; treatment ; cardiometabolic risk factors ; hypertension ; dyslipidemia ; tracking phenomenon ; nutrigenomics ; anorexia ; metabolomics ; metabolic phenotype ; metabolism ; microbiota ; mass spectrometry ; children ; dietary inflammatory index ; food frequency questionnaire ; inflammation ; nutrient intake ; compulsivity ; cognitive flexibility ; type 2 diabetes ; novelty seeking ; harm avoidance ; fatty kidney ; glomerulopathy ; CKD ; ESRD ; COVID-19 lockdown ; COVID-19 Isolation Eating Scale (CIES) ; eating symptoms ; psychological impact ; ghrelin ; insulin resistance ; leptin ; adiponectin ; leptin/adiponectin ratio ; eating behavior ; eating styles ; cluster analysis approach ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Harvesting machinery has the main function of cutting, picking, or digging mature crop seeds, fruits, stalks, leaves, root parts, or the whole plant and are also necessary to complete collection, threshing, cleaning, transfer, and other operations. The characteristics of harvesting machinery are as follows: first, the operating object is biological; second, the working process refers to the separation between plant tissues or the separation of a plant from soil; and third, the working environment is unstructured. Therefore, efficient harvesting machinery is an area of comprehensive research that integrates the fields of mechanical and biological material, information, and computers. This Special Issue focused on precise identification and positioning systems (“eyes”), sensitive decision-making and control systems (“brain”), highly adaptable chassis and mobile platforms (“feet”), efficient end-effectors and harvesting components (“hands”), etc., related to efficient harvesting machinery. The topics of the publications include: Crop–soil–machine systems; Mechanics and dynamics of harvesting machinery; Chassis of harvesting machinery; Efficient harvesting components; Field environment sensing and recognition; Navigation and positioning systems of harvesting machinery; Multi-source information fusion, analysis, and decision making in harvesting operations; Cooperative harvesting operations of multiple machines in the field; Unmanned harvesters.
    Keywords: harvester, efficient harvesting, harvester chassis, intelligent agricultural equipment, smart agriculture, image recognition, navigation, decision and control algorithms ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins threaten plant and animal health and cause economic losses. This book focuses on the recent research progress into pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins in China. The molecular mechanisms of mycotoxin biosynthesis and pathogenic fungi growth and development are reported from the perspectives of transcription regulation, histone modification and enzymes, providing a theoretical basis for discovering new control targets. This Special Issue not only includes a review about the microbial degradation of mycotoxins, but also discusses several new chemical and biological methods which inhibit the biosynthesis of mycotoxin. Special attention is also given to the effect of nutrition on the production of mycotoxins. Some papers have also been collected about detection assays and the risk assessments of mycotoxins. The fundamental and applied research into mycotoxins is not only of particular interest but is also important for reducing economic losses.
    Keywords: deoxynivalenol ; Fusarium pseudograminearum megabirnavirus 1 ; mycoviruses ; transcriptome ; monoclonal antibody ; cell fusion ; ELISA ; immunochromatographic strips ; Aspergillus niger ; ochratoxin A ; secondary metabolism ; redox homeostasis ; carbon sources ; AnGal4 ; A. flavus ; Rac ; conidiation ; aflatoxins ; stress response ; mycotoxins ; contamination ; microorganisms ; biodegradation ; enzymes ; Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) ; glutamine synthetase ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; L-α-aminoadipic acid ; Alternaria toxins ; conjugated mycotoxins ; field experiment ; in vivo experiment ; processing tomatoes ; Aspergillus flavus ; bZIP transcription factor ; AflatfA ; AflatfB ; aflatoxin B1 ; development ; aflatoxin ; pathogenicity ; 2-hydroxyisobutyryltransferase ; Afngg1 ; peanuts ; inhibition ; visible light ; Ag-loaded titanium dioxide ; quality ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue, "Scientific Papers by Developmental Biologists in Japan", represents a collection of high-quality review articles, research articles, and communications on the development of multicellular organisms at the molecule, cell, tissue, organ, and whole-organism level, which were written and submitted by developmental biologists working in Japan.
    Keywords: kidney ; development ; WT1 ; Pax2 ; Pax8 ; HNF1β ; Akhirin ; neurogenesis ; vasculogenesis ; LCCL domain ; vWF domain ; hydrocephalus ; Wnt ; roof plate ; spinal cord ; morphogenesis ; central canal ; dorsal collapse ; dorsal median septum ; neural crest ; zebrafish ; fin regeneration ; tissue polarity ; wound epithelium ; axis determination ; ER ; actin ; microtubule ; maternal mRNA ; 22q11.2 deletion syndrome ; DiGeorge syndrome ; velocardiofacial syndrome ; cleft palate ; skull base ; cleidocranial dysplasia ; hyoid bone ; teeth abnormalities ; prolonged delivery ; delayed delivery ; progesterone ; luteolysis ; basic helix-loop-helix e40 ; BHLHE40 ; LIM homeobox 1 ; LHX1 ; chicken ; optic vesicle ; retinal pigment epithelium ; RPE ; neural retina ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; pronephros ; transcription factor ; Wilms’ tumor ; Xenopus ; cerebral cortex ; cortical subtype ; layer ; sonic hedgehog ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue contains an editorial and ten papers on a range of fundamental and applied topics within the area of spider ecology and behaviour with one paper on biological control, seven papers on fundamental topics within the broad areas of ecology and behaviour, and two papers focusing on novel methodologies for studying spider behaviour.
    Keywords: Arachnology, behavioural ecology, curosial spiders, web-building spiders ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: We are delighted to share our Special Issue on Talent Identification and Development in Youth Sports. In 2020, the editorial team had several informal discussions about the growing interest from researchers and practitioners in these disciplines, and subsequently wanted to create a platform to help advance this field of literature. Following these conversations, we decided to use the Personal Assets Framework (Côté et al., 2014, 2016) to outline our objectives and the potential research topics for our Special Issue. In doing so, it was hoped that the studies included can inform evidence-based youth sport policies and athlete development programmes. Submissions were encouraged from a diverse range of quantitative and qualitative research methods to examine the current context of talent identification and development in youth sports, as well as reviews to synthesise expert knowledge within these disciplines. In light of the articles that have been included within our Special Issue, we believe our initial aims of progressing the talent identification and development literature have been achieved, and now hope that the research presented can be utilised by key stakeholders (e.g., administrators, coaches, parents, practitioners) and organisational structures (e.g., national governing bodies, professional clubs, recreational teams, youth sport associations) to create more appropriate youth sport settings.
    Keywords: longitudinal ; young ; soccer players ; motor performance ; physical activity ; strategic skills ; affective ; motivational ; sport habits ; talent selection ; talent development ; return of investment ; market value ; drafts ; talent identification ; athlete development ; expertise ; sports coaching ; growth and maturation ; performance assessment ; relative age effect ; endurance sport ; performance development ; cross-country skiing ; talent transfer ; training responses ; Winter Olympic Games ; self-confidence sources ; self-efficacy ; elite youth athletes ; soccer ; speed ; football ; performance diagnosis ; long-term athlete development ; performance monitoring ; injury surveillance ; sprint ; countermovement jump ; youth ; maturation ; predicted adult height ; psychology ; socioeconomic ; social identity ; physical ; cognitive skills ; TID ; specialization ; freeskiing ; deliberate play ; deliberate practice ; psychological factors ; physical performance ; pattern recognition ; Bayesian machine learning ; youth rugby ; early specialization ; development ; milestones ; classification ; youth cricket ; batting ; bowling ; positive youth development ; youth sport ; realist evaluation ; life skills ; personal development ; psychosocial development ; technical skills ; technical test ; long passes ; reception ; performance ; athletic development ; ice hockey expertise ; fitness assessment ; birthplace ; individual sports ; team sports ; youth sport programs ; sport policy ; sport psychology ; academy soccer ; EPPP ; psychological literacy ; experiences of a sport psychologist ; sport psychology integration ; early sports specialization ; perceived competence ; ice hockey ; sports school ; elite sports ; multidisciplinary ; relative age effects ; athlete dropout ; sport dropout ; female ; competition level ; sport development ; sport ; challenge ; psychological safety ; care ; elite performance ; participation trends ; sport context ; motor competence ; motor skill ; grassroots ; mixed methods ; handball ; specific precision ; anthropometry ; longitudinal dimensionality ; para-athletes development ; sport expertise ; developmental model of sport participation (DMSP) ; coherence ; psychological characteristics ; physical characteristics ; technical and tactical ; elite youth soccer ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a naturally occurring signaling molecule produced in vivo and plays a pivotal role in regulating a wide array of physiological processes. Additionally, emerging findings have illuminated that many of the biological effects initially attributed to H2S may actually stem from other reactive sulfur species (RSS), including hydropersulfides (RSSH) and various higher-order polysulfur species (RSSnH, RSSnR, and HSnH, where n 〉 1). These studies have underscored the contributions of these species to essential cellular processes, such as the efficient scavenging of reactive oxygen species and electrophiles, and their influence on mitochondrial function. Nonetheless, the chemistry of RSS remains challenging due to their inherently reactive nature, and their precise measurement within biological systems continues to pose a formidable challenge. This compilation of reprints focuses on recent advancements in the field of H2S/RSS chemical biology. It encompasses original research studies and comprehensive reviews, all geared towards exploring the therapeutic potential of H2S/RSS donors in the treatment of various conditions, including cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, it delves into the molecular mechanisms and physiological roles played by RSS along with the development of methodologies for quantifying and measuring the distribution of RSS within biological systems.
    Keywords: reactive sulfur species ; hydrogen sulfide ; polysulfides ; pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue highlights how zoos, aquariums, and botanical gardens have partnered with organizations and agencies to address local and regional conservation issues through research and education projects, rehabilitation programs, policymaking efforts, and other types of activities. Understanding how such partnerships are developed and maintained, the challenges encountered, and success stories (as well as unsuccessful ones) were of interest. Hopefully, the stories shared and lessons learned will guide other organizations in their local and regional conservation efforts.
    Keywords: botanical gardens ; conservation ; collaboration ; natural resource management ; outreach ; science communication ; endangered species ; pollinator ; conservation horticulture ; seed banking ; conservation partnerships ; amphibian ; translocation ; release ; head-starting ; reintroduction ; breeding ; New England cottontail ; ex situ breeding ; rattlesnake ; head-start ; Conservation ; zoo ; aquarium ; southern sea otter ; surrogacy ; wildlife rehabilitation ; zoos ; local native species ; regional conservation ; local wildlife ; collaborative partnership ; habitat restoration ; pollinator garden ; community engagement ; n/a ; headstarting ; land management ; rehabilitation ; sustainability ; bison ; butterfly ; ex situ conservation ; government agency ; in situ conservation ; native mussels ; turtles ; zoos and aquariums ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue published one editorial, eight articles and four reviews from approximately one hundred authors. It aimed to provide cutting-edge research on pre-clinical development and the clinical translation of radiopharmaceuticals within the molecular imaging community. The Special Issue covered radioligand development, existing radiotracer optimization, imaging agent evaluation in animal models, the clinical production of radiopharmaceuticals, and investigative research on the use of molecular imaging probes in human subjects. We appreciate all the authors’ significant contributions to this Special Issue and hope the readers will enjoy the content.
    Keywords: nanoparticle ; multimodal imaging ; photoacoustic ; heterobivalent peptide ; Alzheimer’s disease ; amyloid-beta ; animal model ; astrocyte ; blood–brain barrier ; imaging ; metabolism ; microglia ; neuroinflammation ; neurotransmitter receptors ; positron emission tomography ; synaptic density ; vascular imaging ; FDG ; PET/CT ; microvasculature imaging ; ABC-transporter ; drug-induced liver injury ; hepatotoxicity ; organic anion-transporting polypeptide ; pharmacokinetics ; liver function ; SLC-transporter ; V/Q PET/CT ; [68Ga]Ga-MAA ; 68Ga-labelled carbon nanoparticles ; glioblastoma ; fluorescence guided surgery ; 5-ALA ; fluorescein ; NIR-AZA ; magnetic resonance imaging ; high resolution ; hybrid imaging ; psychiatric disorders ; extracellular vesicles (EVs) ; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) ; diabetes ; I-124 ; positron emission tomography (PET) ; intravenous (I.V.) administration ; intra-arterial (I.A.) administration ; biodistribution ; fluorine-18 ; PET ; oxime ; PSMA ; lipophilicity ; radiometals ; copper-61 ; liquid targets ; post-processing ; [61Cu]Cu-DOTA-NOC ; [61Cu]Cu-DOTA-TOC ; [61Cu]Cu-DOTA-TATE ; FAP ; 99mTc-FAP inhibitor ; 99mTc-labeled iFAP ; tumor microenvironment ; SPECT ; GluN1/2B receptors ; NMDA ; [3H]ifenprodil ; σ1 and σ2 receptors ; receptor occupancy ; PET imaging ; drug development ; neurodegenerative diseases ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue contains 28 papers covering a wide range of topics related to plant genomics and genetics. The papers utilize a variety of genomic tools and techniques to explore topics such as identification of quantitative trait loci associated with flax seed yield and oil quality, mucilage and hull content in flax seeds, and genomic prediction for pasmo resistance in flax. Other papers focus on the identification and characterization of specific genes, such as the EXO70 gene family in wheat and related species, hydroxycinnamoyl transferase in tea plants, and the WRKY transcription factor GmWRKY12 in soybeans. Several papers examine gene expression and regulation in response to abiotic stress, such as drought and salt tolerance in moso bamboo, and the response to chilling in bell peppers. Other topics include genetic diversity analysis of crested wheatgrass, genome-wide analysis of chitin-binding protein gene family in peppers, and genome-wide bioinformatics analysis of MAPK gene family in kiwifruit. Overall, this Special Issue provides a comprehensive view of the current state of plant genomics research, showcasing the diversity of approaches and tools being used to better understand and improve crop plants.
    Keywords: Solanum lycopersicum ; UGlcAE gene family ; identification ; characterization ; plant hormones ; gene expression ; Jatropha curcas ; Dof gene family ; transcription factor ; phylogenetic analysis ; gene expression analysis ; warming ; BrHSFA2 ; BrHSP18.2s ; transcriptome ; alternative splicing ; Kenshin ; Verbena bonariensis ; drought stress ; transcriptome sequencing ; differentially expressed genes ; analysis ; non-coding RNA ; transcriptomes ; bell pepper ; chilling injury ; longan ; WRKY ; expression analysis ; flower induction ; abiotic stress ; chitin-binding protein ; chitinase ; pepper ; expression ; biotic stress ; flax ; genome-wide association study (GWAS) ; selective sweep ; genotyping by sequencing (GBS) ; bi-parental population ; single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ; seed yield ; plant height ; maturity ; fatty acid composition ; DNA methylation ; flower color chimera ; bisulfate sequencing ; comparative epigenomes ; transposon ; ornamental Prunus mume ; novel accessions ; PIC ; PCR ; EST-gSSRs ; genes ; genetic distance ; apple ; SAP gene family ; function analysis ; osmotic stress ; mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ; kiwifruit ; phylogenetic relationships ; biotic and abiotic stresses ; genotyping-by-sequencing ; Agropyron ; genetic diversity ; genetic structure ; SNP ; flaxseed ; Linum usitatissimum ; GWAS ; seed mucilage content ; seed hull content ; ZmWRKY106 ; drought tolerance ; thermotolerance ; maize ; Pyrus hopeiensis ; cp genome ; IR boundary ; phylogeny ; Betula halophile ; salt stress ; Cleistogenes songorica ; LEA proteins ; abiotic stresses ; flow cytometry ; genome size ; nuclear DNA content ; reference genome assembly ; standardization ; upland cotton ; TCP genes ; miR319 ; target genes ; tea ; hydroxycinnamoyl transferase ; ABA signaling ; hormone ; stress responsive mechanism ; salt tolerance ; transgenic hairy root assay ; soybean ; regulation and efficiency of translation ; genome-wide scale ; experimental approaches ; computational algorithms ; features of plant mRNAs ; EXO70 ; Haynaldia villosa ; gene family ; phylogenetic relationship ; subcellular localization ; expression profiling ; rice ; trihelix transcription factor ; stress response ; light ; genomic selection ; genomic prediction ; genotyping by sequencing ; pasmo resistance ; pasmo severity ; quantitative trait loci ; single nucleotide polymorphism ; Septoria linicola ; Phyllostachys edulis ; Dof transcription factor ; flowering time ; satellite DNA ; genome evolution ; plants ; next-generation sequencing ; high order repeats ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Inland lakes are indicators of climate change and environmental deterioration. As a unique ecosystem unit, an inland lake is one of the basic locations for human survival and development. In recent years, with the rapid development of regional society and economy, the ecological environment of inland lakes has been continuously disturbed by human activities under the influence of large-scale water and soil exploitation activities, which have affected the ecological environment of lakes. Therefore, lake ecological restoration and water quality monitoring under the coupled effect of climate change and human activities are the key to lake protection and management. In recent years, remote sensing has played an increasingly important role in the monitoring of the terrestrial water cycle. Remote sensing technology has been applied in many fields, such as water storage, water quality, water level, and hydrodynamics. Furthermore, the explosive growth of remote sensing data applications is driven by the coupling of multisource remote sensing data and the expansion of new modeling technology.
    Keywords: Lakes ; rivers ; water environment ; remote sensing ; modeling ; water resource management ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The aim of this reprint is to provide more awareness of the use of bioplastics obtained from renewable resources in numerous aspects of our daily used items. This reprint presents recent progress in the use of innovative feedstock, full characterization of new biomaterials and innovative technologies used to produce innovative sustainable materials.
    Keywords: biobased polymers ; biobased polyesters ; biodegradable polymers ; sustainable development ; waste-derived materials ; renewable resources ; sustainable packaging ; green composites ; furan-based polymers ; compostable materials&nbsp ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: We are delighted to present this Special Issue to celebrate a remarkable milestone in the journey of Applied Dentistry. With great pleasure, we announce the publication of the journal's 20,000th paper. This remarkable achievement reflects the unwavering commitment and dedication of our esteemed authors, reviewers, and readers who have contributed to the advancement of dental research.Over the years, Applied Dentistry has emerged as a beacon of knowledge, serving as a platform for the dissemination of cutting-edge research and innovative ideas in various domains of dental science. Our journal encompasses a wide range of disciplines, covering everything from dental materials and biomaterials to preventive and therapeutic strategies, from clinical applications to regenerative dentistry.We envision this milestone as a stepping stone toward even greater accomplishments. Through the collaboration and collective efforts of researchers worldwide, we strive to push the boundaries of dental science, explore new frontiers, and improve oral health outcomes for individuals across the globe.In conclusion, we extend our warmest congratulations to all those who have contributed to the publication of the Special Issue celebrating Applied Dentistry's 20,000th paper milestone.
    Keywords: cigarette smoking ; cytokines ; pain ; peri-implantitis ; peri-implant crevicular fluid ; inflammation ; sealers ; vertical fracture ; root filling ; fracture resistance ; obturation technique ; clinical manifestations ; gingival disorders ; oral scurvy ; scurvy ; vitamin C deficiency ; marginal misfit ; laser profilometry ; Micro-CT ; selective laser melting ; CAD-CAM ; periapical surgery ; surgical endodontic treatment ; preoperative factors ; prospective study ; migrants ; middle-and low-income countries ; oral health of migrants ; oral hygiene habits ; migrant children’s oral health status ; dental caries ; gingival bleeding ; polymers ; polymethyl methacrylate ; bacteria ; disinfection ; oral health ; tooth shade ; skin color ; shade and age ; skin and shade ; Saudi ; PMMA ; acrylic teeth ; non-anatomic teeth ; semi-anatomic teeth ; injection molding technique ; compression molding technique ; denture processing ; tooth movement ; denture base resin ; posterior tooth form ; linear dimensional change ; complete denture ; CAD/CAM ; resin composite ; hardness ; instrumented indentation testing ; titanium alloy ; zirconia ; retention ; additive manufacturing ; subtractive manufacturing ; custom post and core ; 3D printing ; non-precious alloy ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: "Molecules at Play in Cancer" is a collection of 24 research articles on recent findings about some important molecules responsible for either cancer development and proliferation, or anti-cancer therapy. It covers a wide range of tissues and organs affected by cancer: adrenal glands, blood, breasts, muscles, ovaries, prostate, stomach, and testicles.
    Keywords: Agkistrodon ; leucine ; membrane ; phenylalanine ; venom peptides ; familial hyperaldosteronism type 3 ; KCNJ5 ; adrenal tumor ; β-catenin ; MALDI-IMS ; CYP11B2 ; PNU-74654 ; TNF receptor-1 ; apoptosis ; testicular cancer ; alveolar epithelial stem cells ; ACE2 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; RBD of spike glycoprotein ; metastatic microenvironment ; ovarian cancer ; exosomal microRNA ; biomarker ; early diagnosis ; BSG ; basigin ; CD147 ; MM ; multiple myeloma ; survival ; AP5M1 ; BAIAP2L1 ; CRISPR ; ENTPD2 ; master regulator ; LOC145474 ; MTOR ; PRRG1 ; VIM ; WFDC3 ; circulating tumor cells ; non-small-cell lung cancer ; single cell next generation sequencing ; nematode ; microenvironment ; cancer ; research ; ZEB2 ; prognosis ; immune cells ; cyclin D1 ; epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ; stage I gastric cancer ; early gastric cancer ; node-negative gastric cancer ; B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) ; soluble BCMA (sBCMA) ; multiple myeloma (MM) ; anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy ; INDEL ; genetic ancestry ; Amazon ; biomarkers ; KIRC ; GOT2 ; multi-omics ; epigenetics ; immune cell infiltration ; arsenic trioxide ; Parkin ; HeLa ; autophagy ; salivaomics ; breast cancer ; saliva ; molecular biological subtype ; HER2 status ; estrogen receptors ; progesterone receptors ; HPV DNA in breast ; nested PCR ; gastric cancer ; hsa-miR-942-3p ; AR ; MAPK/ERK signaling pathway ; HCC ; CTCs ; miRNAs ; proteomics ; fenbendazole ; microtubule polymerization ; self-administration ; EMT ; UQCRB ; ROS ; hypoxia ; HIF-1α ; deuterium-depleted water (DDW) ; deuterium-depleted yolk (DDyolk) ; anticancer drug development ; D/H ratio ; production of metabolic water ; ketogenic diet ; NEAT1 ; liver cancer cell line ; drug resistance ; SOD2 ; MAPK ; AKT ; rhabdomyosarcoma ; sarcoma ; mouse model ; Nf1 ; Ink4a/Arf ; vincristine ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The article collection of this Special Issue reprint covers a wide range of neurorehabilitation modalities, although they only represent a small proportion of the whole scene. We trust that they will assist clinicians in performing evidence-based interventions and illuminate the necessity of multidisciplinary collaboration. Furthermore, they share an important motivational drive, that is, the inspiration to move forward to a new era where medical, basic research, engineering, and high-tech advances can develop more efficacious approaches, combining neuromodulation techniques under sophisticated neuroimaging guidance. These can be widely and remotely applied to all people that need them, organized under a fresh “patient-centric” approach, with home-based and tele-rehabilitation protocols replacing long stays in medical centers.
    Keywords: Covid-19 ; telerehabilitation ; post-stroke rehabilitation ; virtual reality ; stroke ; percutaneous electric nerve stimulation ; transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation ; adult ; urinary bladder ; overactive ; urinary incontinence ; tibial nerve ; multiple sclerosis ; employment ; patient-reported outcome ; MSWDQ-23 ; validation ; rTMS ; dementia ; Alzheimer’s disease ; magnetic stimulation ; non-pharmacological treatments ; refractory temporal seizures ; neurosurgery ; cognitive outcome ; memory ; long-term follow-up ; backward walking ; balance ; cerebral palsy ; mental motor imagery ; neurorehabilitation ; cost–utility ; upper extremity ; EQ-5D ; cognitive exercise therapy ; sensorimotor ; activity of daily living ; Parkinson’s disease ; salivation ; clinical features ; non-motor ; motor ; sialorrhea ; drooling ; oxidative stress ; antioxidant defense ; Oxidative Status Index (OSI) ; hydroperoxides ; rehabilitation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Inland wetlands are among the ecosystems disappearing with the highest rate, although they can offer numerous benefits to humans and their welfare. We have learned that wetlands are not just the treasures of biodiversity and a refuge for many threatened or vulnerable species but are also one of the best tools to mitigate the consequences of climate changes. The significance of this should not be understated if we want to increase the resilience of our cities, communities and civilization to extreme weather events. This Special Issue contains 17 papers presenting a variety of wetland types, species and communities thriving within, discussing their structure, functioning and suitable management practices to preserve them.
    Keywords: Wetlands ; Communities ; Species diversity ; Plants ; Diatoms ; Macroinvertebrates ; Alien Invasive Species ; &nbsp ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Fungi-induced stains on paper are one of the most challenging forms of biodeterioration to study and to prevent; this is because they involve living organisms, and the ways in which fungi respond to changes in the environment and modifications of paper are unpredictable. Yet, there is a great desire among those who encounter fungi on documents, manuscripts, or artwork to remove fungi and clean the paper. This experience in most cases is particularly challenging. What are the reasons behind this challenge? This ground-breaking book attempts to answer this question, among others, by exploring the complex interfacial forces between paper, fungi, and their pigmented secretions which result in bio-stains on paper. Black fungi, collectively referred to as Dematiaceous fungi, were used in this study as a subset of pigment-producing fungi species. The focus is on two, under-studied aspects of the fungi infestation of paper, an interface of fungal pigments and paper, and the impact of light on the production of fungi bio-stains. The results of analytical testing included in this book elucidate the synergistic interactions between the environment, biological clocks of the microorganisms, and secretion of fungal pigments to paper. The black fungal pigment formation is explored in-depth in two scenarios: one that is ‘natural’, when the bio-stains of original artworks have occurred over time by chance, and another, induced by Aspergillus niger, in bio-simulation on known papers in a controlled environment. The findings are intended to provide guidance for preservation strategies, mitigating the biodeterioration of paper, and designing conservation treatment when applicable. The surface of artworks and artifacts is of great aesthetic and artistic importance; conversely, it plays a significant role in governing fungal attachments. In this book, the paper surface is characterized in detail and in correlation with chemical and physical alterations caused by fungal pigmentation. A broad range of analytical instruments was used for surface characterization, such as surface metrology profilometers, a confocal laser scanning microscope, and environmental scanning electron microscope; chemical microanalysis was carried out using X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. The novel, three-dimensional characterization of pigmented fungal inclusions and their interaction with paper matrix was studied with micro-X-ray-computed micro-tomography on the synchrotron ESRF. The proposed book is the first to explore the complexity of fungal–paper interactions with the intention to assist professionals working with cultural materials, especially paper-based materials, to make informed decisions when dealing with the fungi infestation of paper.
    Keywords: Dematiaceous fungi ; fungal pigments ; X-ray-CT microtomography ; fungi-paper interfaces ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The agri-food supply chain (AFSC) is undoubtedly a chain that must be transformed to adjust to the needs and requirements of the new era, following the COVID-19 pandemic. New challenges and prospects and the sustainability of the AFSC are already emerging, with the scientific community obliged to come up with answers and solutions to global food consumption issues. Scientific research concerning different aspects of the AFSC with selected topics, including technologies, new foods, consumers’ perceptions, socioeconomic and environmental issues of conservation and sustainability, eco-innovation solutions, and green transformative pathways in the agri-food sector are included in this Special Issue. Emphasis is placed on the end users—the consumers—who need healthy, sustainable, value-added, economic food produced within the new global environmental, political, and social conditions which are currently, and for a long time have been, under a major transformation. The papers included in this Special Issue give practical, innovative, and sustainable solutions to existing drawbacks of the supply chain, thus providing useful knowledge to readers or researchers interested in these specific subject matters. This is the second Special Issue of a series of Special Issues that we initiated a year ago as a follow-up to the changes and progress of the AFSC, and we will continue this, with more Special Issues on the way, highlighting more and more scientific achievements in selected subject areas of the chain to our respected global readers.
    Keywords: grape skin ; wine making by-products ; phenolics ; antiradical activity ; antioxidant activity ; antiplatelet activity ; Greek oregano ; essential oils ; geographical differentiation ; chemometrics ; rice farming ; contract farming ; modern distributors ; multinomial treatment effects ; conditional quantile regression ; unconditional quantile regression ; knowledge ; edible insects ; factor analysis ; cluster analysis ; sustainable food ; nutritional value ; food consumption ; food choice motives (FCM) ; convenience ; health ; sensory appeal ; nutritional quality ; ethical concern ; weight control ; mood and stress ; familiarity ; price ; sustainable ; vegetable oil ; heterogeneous catalysis ; questionnaire survey ; post-COVID-19 era ; Greek semi-hard and hard cheese ; Ladotyri cheese of Mytilene ; consumer’s purchase and consumption of cheese ; quality cheese ; food choice motives ; food ; gastric mucosa repair ; sericin ; lactoferrin ; inulin ; sodium bicarbonate ; global economy II ; food safety ; food hazards ; plants ; RASFF ; distance learning ; mobile learning ; professional learning ; beekeeping ; survey ; farmers ; plant-based alternatives ; cultured meat ; animal-free dairy ; consumer attitudes ; insects ; animal feed ; insect meal ; sustainability ; consumer acceptance ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The production of food enriched with bioactive compounds, through natural means, represents a concept desired by nutritionists, doctors and consumers. Animal products with high nutritional quality can be designed using innovative feeding strategies. Animals are known to be able to ‘‘bio-convert’’ health-promoting components from their diet into their eggs, milk or meat. The nutritional quality of animal products depends on genetic, physiological and environmental conditions, but also upon their diets. Lately, various feed additives have been shown to increase the nutritional quality of animal-origin food, which in turn promotes a healthy human diet. Some of them have proven effects on productive parameters or on the sensory attributes of animal products, or modify the nutrient composition of products. Nutritional evaluations of animal products and feeds are necessary for establishing the bioconversion yield of nutrients, from feeds to animal-origin food. This Special Issue focuses on, but is not limited to, the development of new feeding formulas thst lead to improved animal production or the enhanced nutritional profiles of conventional or ecological animal products. Studies presenting feed additives that have beneficial effects on the production and quality of animal products, as well as natural feeding solutions that are environmentally friendly, were also welcomed. The proposed Special Issue is addressed to specialists from the domains of animal nutrition, food quality, chemistry and biology.
    Keywords: L. acidophilus ; L. plantarum ; microencapsulated probiotics ; weaning piglets ; performance ; microflora ; piglets’ health ; parsnip fermented juice ; hawthorn extract ; natural nitrite ; natural antioxidant ; lipids stability ; spoilage bacteria ; heme pigment conversion degree ; bioactive compounds ; carcass ; chromium supplementation ; ionophore ; nutrition ; yeast-based blend ; male layer-type chickens ; age ; meat quality ; fatty acids ; ruminants ; tannins ; saponins ; feed additives ; dairy cows ; Clostridium ; Bacillus ; probiotics ; resistance ; blood chemistry ; antioxidants ; detoxification ; health benefits ; Bos indicus ; NutraGen ; stress ; supplementation ; weaned calves ; artificial pigment alternative ; broiler nutrition ; carotenoids ; health ; pigment additives ; vegetal waste ; zearalenone ; piglets ; weaning ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; signaling pathway ; olive ; atherogenic ; milk ; sheep ; lipids ; small ruminants ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFU Animals and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Plant responses to environmental factors are extraordinarily complex. They can be observed at various levels of plant organization, ranging from changes in the intensity of basic biochemical processes, such as respiration, photosynthesis, and transpiration, to morphological and anatomical changes in organs. However, these biochemical changes are preceded by the activation of an efficient signaling system which endures environmental fluctuations. This Special Issue showcases the latest reports on the impact of abiotic factors on plant responses. It contains 3 reviews and 9 original works and is preceded by an editorial summarizing the most important issues discussed in the publications.
    Keywords: abiotic stress ; GWAS ; Oryza sativa L. ; plant omics ; Triticum aestivum L. ; Sorghum bicolor L. ; transcription factors ; Zea mays L. ; Oryza sativa ; Hordeum vulgare ; hypoxia tolerance ; nitric oxide ; imbibition ; reactive oxygen species ; ATP/ADP ratio ; biotic stress ; cereal ; crosstalk ; drought ; heavy metal ; phytohormone ; salinity ; pathogen ; pest ; LBD ; drought stress ; ROS ; stomata ; maize ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; ABI4 ; MAPK ; ABA ; proteasome ; transcription factor ; transcriptional memory ; grazing ; T. mongolicum ; Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings ; photosynthesis ; chloroplast ; salt stress ; Prunus persica (L.) Batsch ; lauric acid ; physiological indicators ; transcriptome ; rice ; water management ; nitrogen metabolism genes ; primary metabolites ; mulberry ; waterlogging ; gene regulation ; bHLH transcription factors ; transcriptional regulation ; post-translational regulation ; ovules ; plant stress ; fertility ; seed formation ; reactive oxygen ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Due to the accumulation of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere, endogenous antioxidants in aerobic organisms evolved. More than a simple attack (reactive species) or a defense (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants) duel, redox metabolism also comprises non-radical redox metabolites, redox-sensitive transcription factors, and redox-sensitive proteins that form a network of signaling pathways. These pathways are now known to mediate important processes in aerobic organisms, from circadian rhythms to ageing and lifespan regulation. Indeed, oxidative stress is considered to be important to living organisms. Unsurprisingly, environmental stresses might disrupt the redox balance, triggering compensatory adaptive responses. The modulation of redox metabolism has been documented for phylogenetically diverse species exposed to a myriad of environmental stressors, such as warming, freezing, dehydration, exposure to UV radiation, exposure to pollutants, and variations in oxygen availability. In natural settings, several of these environmental factors (e.g., temperature, water availability, oxygen availability, and radiation incidence) fluctuate over time (e.g., daily and seasonally). This Special Issue focuses on the responses of organisms’ redox metabolism when exposed to single or combined changes, biotic or abiotic, in environmental factors (e.g., oxygen availability, temperature, drought, radiation, and pollutants) and provides insights into the adaptive responses of antioxidant systems to environmental perturbations.
    Keywords: oxidative stress ecology ; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ; hormesis ; redox biology ; environmental stress ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The articles collected focused on the construction of delivery systems aiming at enhancing the physicochemical stability, bioavailability, and bioactivity of active lipids and liposoluble ingredients, as well as flavor retention and slow release, and its potential application in the development of functional foods with different phase states and suitable for the physiopathological characteristics of different populations. A growing application of lipids and liposoluble ingredients are emerging in functional foods, such as beverages, meal replacement powders, and foods with special medical purpose. Liposoluble ingredients including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), phytosterols (esters), carotenoids, polyphenols, and liposoluble vitamins, play an important role in balancing the insufficient nutrient intake and occurrence of chronic diseases. However, a critical challenge for their efficient and rational application arises due to the properties of strong hydrophobicity, easy oxidation, unpleasant flavor, and adverse interaction with other components. The construction, perfection, and regulation of lipid delivery system are of great significance for overcoming the challenge.
    Keywords: Lipids ; liposoluble ingredients ; delivery system ; biochemical actions ; functional food ; nutritional aspects of food ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Light is the main source of energy for the primary process that sustains life on our planet, known as photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the strategy adopted by many living organisms for capturing and incorporating energy, and it is under this context that light is primarily experienced, explored, and exploited. Plants perceive information from the ambient environment and communicate with other organisms using light. They have developed a plethora of photoreceptors that permit this communication with the surrounding environment. Additionally, the physical properties of light, such as the spectral quality, irradiance, intensity, and photoperiod, play an integral role in the morphogenesis, growth, and metabolism of many biochemical pathways in plants.To facilitate photosynthesis in controlled environments, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have been shown to offer interesting prospects for use in plant lighting designs in controlled-environment agriculture (greenhouses) and growth chambers for in vitro cultures. In high-technology greenhouses (for instance, vertical agriculture), artificial light may assume both assimilative (optimizing photosynthetic efficiency) and control functionality (guiding growth and development or the synthesis and accumulation of plant metabolites). In vitro cultures are regulated by different factors, and among them, light is the most important.
    Keywords: Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don ; alkaloid content ; callus ; in vitro culture ; LED lights ; light intensity ; saponarin ; isoorientin ; hexacosanol ; octacosanol ; fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase (FAR) ; blue LED ; flower bud formation ; number of flowers ; photoperiod ; photomorphogenesis ; blue photon flux density ; functional structural plant modelling ; indoor farming ; LED lighting ; artificial lighting ; energy use efficiency ; protected horticulture ; light exposure ; far-red illumination ; medicinal plants ; water use efficiency ; growth analysis ; canopy size ; incident light ; light interception ; light use efficiency ; mizuna ; projected canopy size ; quantum yield of photosystem II ; blue light ; Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber) ; green light ; light-emitting diode (LED) ; morphology ; photosynthesis ; red light ; intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) ; photostationary state of phytochrome (PSS) ; photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) ; yield photon flux (YPF) ; medicinal plant ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; flavones ; metabolites ; light-emitting diode ; daily light integral ; volatile organic compounds ; energy consumption ; plant morphology ; biomass efficacy ; sodium lamps ; plants cultivation ; silicon fertilizer ; red-leaved lettuce ; green-leaved lettuce ; CoeLux® ; LEDs ; light spectrum ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; growth and development ; confined environment ; low light ; mint ; monoterpenes ; solid phase microextraction (SPME) ; hydroponics ; LED supplement ; LED light ; fluorescent light ; UV light ; elicitation ; plant secondary metabolites ; plant in vitro cultures ; LED ; ascorbic acid ; chlorophylls ; carotenoids ; light quality ; tomato ; greenhouse ; light spectra ; root stock ; photosensors ; host-pathogen interaction ; resistance genes ; gene regulation ; bacterial growth ; Erwinia amylovora ; circadian rhythms ; optogenetics ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; optimal control ; supplemental lighting in greenhouses ; image processing ; light-emitting diodes (LEDs) ; intra-canopy illumination ; interlighting ; bell pepper ; fruit set ; daily light integral (DLI) ; Lactuca sativa ; plant factory ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; carbon isotope discrimination ; light fluence rate ; growth regulators ; alfalfa ; growth ; adaption ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint contains the original articles and reviews compiled in the Special Issue "The Role of PPARs in Disease II" published in Cells. Nicole Wagner and Kay-Dietrich Wagner from the University Côte d'Azur served as the Guest Editors of this Special Issue and compiled the reprint.
    Keywords: PPAR ; immune function ; liver ; adipose tissue ; cardiovascular system ; muscle ; neurological and psychiatric disease ; cancer ; transcriptional regulation ; ligands ; agonists/antagonists ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue aimed to explore the cutting-edge advancements in vision science, optometry, and ocular surface research. In an era marked by rapid technological progress, there is an imperative to understand how innovations in diagnostic tools, treatment protocols, and computational models are reshaping our understanding of ocular health and vision care. We invited contributions that delved into novel methodologies, uncovered new aspects of ocular physiology, or offered fresh perspectives on the management of eye conditions.
    Keywords: ocular discomfort ; CLDEQ-8 ; dry eye ; refractive errors ; pre-lens tear film ; lipid pattern ; non-invasive break-up time ; contact lens ; accommodation response ; university population ; near-vision activities ; accommodation disorders ; Sjögren’s syndrome ; evaporative dry eye ; water deficiency dry eye ; questionnaires ; Schirmer I test ; Schirmer II test ; invasive tear film rupture time ; tear meniscus height ; small aperture intracorneal inlay ; SAICI ; KAMRA inlay ; corneal inlay pinhole ; intraoperative complications ; postoperative complications ; refractive surgery ; presbyopia ; axial length ; ocular biometry ; early diagnosis ; myopia progression ; Scheimpflug technology ; micro-monovision ; SMILE ; efficacy ; binocular summation ; pre-lens tear film dynamics and stability ; breakup patterns ; soft contact lens ; wettability ; tear film lipid layer spread ; dry eye disease ; diagnostic device ; ocular surface ; amblyopia ; fixation stability ; retinal microvasculature ; macular thickness ; macular volume ; stereoacuity ; strabismus ; anisometropia ; n/a ; personalized spectacle ; visual quality ; progressive addition lens ; eye tracker ; eye movements ; aberrometry ; optical coherence tomography ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Fast, non-destructive detection technology and equipment for food quality and safety is a powerful technical support tool to ensure the development of food industry informatization and intelligence, with the advantages of fast speed, convenient operation, and easy online inspection. During the past two decades, such technologies have found numerous successful applications for food and agricultural product detection and processing. Owing to improvements in the manufacturing of photoelectric sensor pieces and progress in artificial intelligence and software algorithms, fast non-destructive detection technologies are able to provide more accurate, reliable, and stable solutions for food quality and safety detection and processing. They are closely integrated with the Internet of Things and intelligent manufacturing, promoting a new wave of innovation in intelligent manufacturing in the food industry. The application of new sensing technology and equipment in the fast, non-destructive detection of food has always been at the forefront of scientific and technological research. This Special Issue aims to focus on the latest research progress of this application and jointly discuss the focus of development of this research direction.
    Keywords: maize ; moldy level ; catalase activity ; hyperspectral image ; data fusion ; feature selection ; fruit quality monitoring ; room-temperature ethylene sensor ; density functional theory ; adsorption energy ; band energy alignment ; apple ; NIR ; size correction ; extinction coefficient ; fruit diameter difference ; acceptability ; benchtop NMR ; mandarins ; NMR ; successive projective algorithm ; uninformative variable elimination ; support vector regression ; Korla fragrant pear ; stone cell content ; intelligent evaluation ; cultivation ; visible/near infrared spectrum ; fresh jujube ; model update ; variable fusion ; defective apples ; apple grading ; deep learning ; object detection ; semantic segmentation ; shrimp ; hot air drying ; quality change ; hyperspectral images ; low field magnetic resonance ; micro Raman ; microfluidic chip ; fungal spores ; crop disease ; numerical simulation ; degree of milling ; multi-scale information fusion ; residual network model ; Bayesian optimization algorithm ; hyperspectral imaging ; maize seeds ; defect detection ; convolutional neural network ; tomato ; leaf mildew ; terahertz time-domain spectroscopy ; near infrared hyperspectral technology ; multi-source information fusion ; YOLOv5 ; walnut kernels ; impurities detection ; small object detection ; liposomes ; high stability ; freshness ; bi-layer indicator ; light penetration depth ; spatial-frequency domain imaging ; depth-resolved ; bruise ; scattering ; near infrared spectroscopy ; vegetables ; anthocyanidins ; fast determination ; Curcumae Longae Rhizoma ; volatile oil ; 60Co ; GC–IMS ; SERS detection ; chromium contamination ; tea sample ; carbimazole hydrolysate ; Au@Ag nanoparticles ; PAEs ; Raman ; DFT ; HF ; theoretical study ; gas sensor ; spoilage monitoring ; early warning ; logistics control ; simulated annealing ; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; flexible substrate ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; in situ detection ; common carp ; texture ; machine learning ; visualization ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue, “Ecophysiology and Ecology of Grassland”, contains 11 research articles and 1 review that focus on recent advancements in integrated research on natural grasslands and artificial grasslands in response to human disturbances, abiotic stresses and climate change from a species to ecosystem level.
    Keywords: leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents ; N:P ratio ; biomass ; herb community ; driving factor ; Loess Plateau ; precipitation changes ; increased temperatures ; desert grassland ; plant diversity ; plant biomass ; soil bacteria diversity ; soil fungi diversity ; the Mongolia Plateau ; grassland degradation ; vegetation coverage ; surface bareness degree ; self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI) ; water stress ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; biomass allocation ; water use efficiency ; drought resistance ; biogeographic patterns ; leaf stoichiometry ; climatic variables ; soil physicochemical properties ; Stellera chamaejasme L. ; functional traits ; productivity ; grassland ; fertilization ; soil water regime ; stress tolerance indices ; forage yield ; Panicum maximum ; Urochloa sp. ; plant functional traits ; plants diversity ; soil properties ; random forest algorithm ; PLS-SEM ; semiarid grassland ; leaf functional trait ; leaf photosynthesis ; atmospheric nitrogen deposition ; grassland ecosystem ; structure ; stability ; ecosystem services ; karst desertification control ; biomass production ; chemical composition ; ecological management ; ecosystem diversity ; grazing ; abiotic factors ; flowering phenology ; nitrogen addition ; common garden ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: We are pleased to introduce this collection of research papers entitled "Horticultural Plants Facing Stressful Conditions - Strategies for Stress Mitigation". This reprint comprises twelve research papers and a review paper exploring the impact of stress factors on plant growth and ways to eliminate or mitigate them. The studies investigate various plant species, including sunflowers, zinnias, orchids, buttercups, tomatoes, snap beans, lettuce, jojoba, grapevines, strawberries and apple trees. The impact of stress caused by high temperatures, spring frosts, drought, salinity, copper and asbestos on the physiological, biochemical and anatomical changes in plants at the cellular, tissue, organ and whole-plant levels was described by the authors. The presented issues are crucial for comprehending the metabolic, molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying the enhancement of plant resistance to environmental stresses. This reprint focuses on three essential topics: (1) using exogenous compounds and bioinoculants to increase stress tolerance, (2) improving the quality and nutritional value of fruits and vegetables and (3) planting ornamental plants in polluted areas. Each paper has been meticulously prepared and contains figures, tables and a list of references to support a deeper understanding of the subject matter. In our opinion, this revised reprint will benefit scientists who are specifically interested in horticulture, plant physiology, biochemistry, microbiology and environmental sustainability.
    Keywords: Solanum lycopersicum L. ; salinity ; quality ; nano-silicon ; plant hormones ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; temperature ; solar radiation ; tolerance ; pigments ; proteins ; zinnia ; redox-active metal ; cell-wall lignification ; phenolics ; phenylpropanoid metabolic-pathway genes ; landscaping of urban areas ; antioxidant systems ; brassinolide ; grapevine ; ion accumulation ; leaf anatomy ; salt stress ; ultrastructure ; brassinosteroids ; strawberry ; growth ; stress ; Orchidaceae ; ornamental plant introduction ; serpentine outcrops ; stressful conditions ; adaptive responses ; plant water status ; redox balance ; non-enzymatic antioxidants ; nonessential elements ; moderate salinity ; biofortification ; gas exchange ; Lactuca sativa L. ; jojoba ; proline ; malondialdehyde ; total phenolic content ; climate change ; seawater ; ion leakage ; priming of defense ; G proteins ; calcium signaling ; mitogen-activated protein kinase ; phytohormones ; SA signaling ; JA signaling ; reactive oxygen species ; antioxidant proteins ; defense genes ; buttercup ; melatonin ; POD activity ; STI ; antioxidant enzymes ; nutrient homeostasis ; osmolytes ; Phaseolus vulgaris L ; polyamine oxidation ; putrescine and saline conditions ; adaptogenic preparations ; foliar sprays ; tolerance of spring frosts ; yield ; fruit quality ; drought ; high temperature ; antioxidants ; free radicals ; photosynthesis ; lipid peroxidation ; mitigation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. It has been recognized that dysregulation of miRNAs reflects the state and function of cells and tissues, contributing to their dysfunction. The identification of hundreds of extracellular miRNAs in biological fluids has underscored their potential in the field of biomarker research. In addition, the therapeutic potential of miRNAs is receiving increasing attention in numerous conditions. On the other hand, many operational issues, including stability, delivery systems, and bioavailability, have yet to be resolved. In this dynamic field, biopharmaceutical companies are increasingly engaged, and ongoing clinical trials point to anti-miR and miR-mimic molecules as novel classes of molecules for upcoming therapeutic applications. This reprint aims to provide a broad overview of current knowledge on several outstanding issues and new opportunities offered by miRNAs in the treatment of diseases and as early diagnostic tools for next-generation medicine.
    Keywords: mi-RNA ; physical exercise ; gene expression ; stress ; head and neck cancer ; miRNA ; chemoresistance ; protocol ; systematic review ; hazard ratio ; patient survival ; up-regulation ; down-regulation ; microRNA ; circulating miRNA ; theranostic biomarkers ; chemosensitivity ; melanoma ; meta-analysis ; miRNAs ; microRNAs ; liver neoplasms ; angiogenesis ; cancer biomarkers ; transfection ; qRT-PCR ; plasma ; amplification efficiency ; EBV ; LMP1 ; nasopharyngeal cells ; expression profiling ; chronic low-grade inflammation ; inflammation-associated biomarkers ; overweight and obesity ; children/adolescents ; sex-related associations ; DNA copy number variation ; comparative study ; progenitor cells ; amniotic fluid ; leiomyoma ; myometrium ; divergent cell commitment ; linear dysregulation ; circulating microRNAs ; extracellular miRNA ; nasopharyngeal carcinoma ; miRNA-based diagnosis ; HNSCC ; tumor-suppressor ; miR-30e-5p ; FOXD1 ; TCGA ; cervical cancer ; non-coding RNAs ; diagnosis ; prognosis ; therapeutics ; regulation of gene expression ; alveolar epithelial type II cells ; type II pneumocytes ; ATII ; AECII ; flow cytometry ; autofluorescence ; pathway analysis ; TGF-beta ; homeostasis ; EMT ; RNA-based therapeutic ; personalized medicine ; translational medicine ; breast cancer ; diagnostics ; therapy response ; hepatitis C virus ; liver injury ; microRNA-192 ; microRNA-29a ; HCV genotype-3 ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Today, researchers are focused on studying and identifying new products that can be beneficial for both food and pharmaceutical purposes. In this context, sprouts and microgreens are widely recognized as functional foods due to their high nutritional value, and in particular, their high bioactive compound content, which is mainly composed of phytochemicals. However, despite extensive research on the germination of species cultivated under optimal conditions, knowledge gaps remain regarding various aspects of sprout and microgreen production. To address this research issue, interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial. This involves the identification of novel species for edible sprout cultivation, the exploration of innovative strategies to stimulate bioactive compound production, and the development of new “nutraceutical” foods. Moreover, it is imperative to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of the consumption of microgreens. This reprint presents cutting-edge research on sprouts and microgreens, providing valuable insights for the academic community.
    Keywords: Canavalia ; molybdenum ; seed priming ; nitrogen assimilation ; high CO2 ; caraway plants ; sprouting ; mature plants ; nutritious metabolites ; antioxidant ; antimicrobial activity ; anise sprouts ; He–Ne laser ; bacterial endophytes ; Chenopodium sp. ; sprouts ; photosynthesis ; amino acid metabolism ; phenolics metabolism ; anti-inflammatory ; Medicago species ; priming ; KNO3 ; bioactivity ; Medicago interexta ; SeNPs ; BABA ; anti-diabetic ; microscale vegetables ; microgreens ; phytonutrients ; functional foods ; malnutrition ; biofortification ; illumination ; health-promoting compounds ; pakchoi ; greenhouse ; UV-B ; antioxidant activity ; flavonoids ; biosynthetic pathway ; Triticum dicoccum ; salinity ; calcium homeostasis ; phenolic acid ; hydrogen peroxide ; oat seedling ; policosanol ; hexacosanol ; AMPK ; growth times ; GC-MS ; bioactive compounds ; carotenoid ; chlorophyll ; gold nanoparticles photometric assay ; seedling ; spectroscopy ; vegetation index ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Abiotic stress includes not only single adversities, i.e., drought, salt, temperature, and elevated CO2, but also complex stresses, i.e., saline and alkali soil, and karst environment. Abiotic stresses strongly affect many aspects of a plant’s substance and energy metabolism. Meanwhile, abiotic stress not only affects the physiological processes of photosynthesis, water metabolism, and inorganic nutrient absorption, but it also influences the electrophysiology and other physical parameters of plants. Plant physiological information, especially online physiological information, helps us to understand the plant’s adaptive mechanism and take the effective measures to improve the production of horticultural plants. This Special Issue contains a collection of 11 important research works, which deepen the connotation and expand the denotation of plant physiology under abiotic stress. These works will provide a theoretical basis for the production of horticultural crops under single stresses, such as drought and salt stress, or under complex stresses, such as saline and alkali and karst environments. Readers from all over the globe are expected to greatly benefit from this Special Issue collection both in terms of their own work and to improve the productivity of horticultural crops under complex abiotic stresses. In the future, we hope that the field of plant (horticultural crop) physiology under abiotic stresses flourishes in terms of academic research and publications.
    Keywords: genovese ; leaf area ; root length ; nitrogen balance index ; anthocyanin ; epicuticular leaf waxes ; drought stress ; GABA: gamma aminobutyric acid ; metabolism ; pea ; Pisum sativum L. ; seedling growth ; water deficit ; agricultural production ; redox ; photorespiration ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; dose effect ; Annonaceae ; antioxidant enzymes ; carbohydrates ; liriodenine ; photosynthesis ; garlic ; chitosan ; yeast ; antioxidant system ; reactive oxygen species ; citrus ; oxidative stress ; proline ; water potential ; vascular bundle modifications ; electrophysiological signals ; intracellular water metabolism ; bioenergetics ; plant physiological information ; water shortage response ; coastal areas ; ornamental plants ; gas exchange ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; enzyme activity ; jujube ; saline–alkali stress ; sugar metabolism ; antioxidant enzyme ; RT-qPCR ; salinity ; biomass ; chlorophyll ; woody plants ; tolerance ; electrophysiology ; anatomical structure ; cell elasticity ; water status ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint contains 12 high-quality original research and reviews papers by 62 authors from 10 countries on 3 continents: Asia (China, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia), Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Portugal, Romania, and Ukraine), and Africa (South Africa). These papers were published in a Special Issue, “Recent Developments in Eco-Friendly Wood-Based Composites II”, of the journal Polymers. These papers provide examples of the most recent developments in eco-friendly wood-based composites.
    Keywords: tree bark fibre ; thermal insulation panels ; thermal conductivity ; self-bonded boards ; zero formaldehyde content ; eco-friendly wood-based composites ; wood polymer composites ; bio composites ; wall cladding ; ceiling materials ; RDP housing ; lignosulphonates ; lignin ; formaldehyde ; wood adhesives ; plastic film-bonded plywood ; polyethylene film ; physical–mechanical properties ; bonding strength ; wood species ; thermoplastic resin ; formaldehyde-free adhesive ; hot-pressing technique ; wood-based panels ; wood composites ; biodegradable polymers ; wood flour ; characterization ; processing ; applications ; biocomposite ; mechanical properties ; physical properties ; polypropylene ; thermal properties ; nanocellulose aerogels ; modification techniques ; environmental wastes ; oil absorption ; composite panel ; biomass ; oil palm trunk (OPT) ; particleboards ; deadwood ; wood particles ; formaldehyde emission ; urea-formaldehyde adhesive ; bending strength ; internal bond strength ; modulus of elasticity ; thickness swelling ; bamboo ; thermal modification ; bamboo cell wall ; anti-mildew property ; wood–plastic plywood ; hot-press ; secondary press ; aldehyde-free ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Dietary habits differ from person to person and usually are determined by cultural habits and traditions that determine lifestyles linked to the socio-demographic characteristics associated with ethnicity. It is known that dietary habits, lifestyle and socio-demographic factors impact human health. Eating disorders, increasing consumption of less-healthy foods, lack of exercise, genetic predisposition, along with other factors, increase risk of diseases such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and various mental disorders. This reprint entitled “Dietary Influence on Nutritional Epidemiology, Public Health and Our Lifestyle”, addresses the associations between some dietary patterns, lifestyle and socio-demographic factors, analyzed either separately or in combination, with the risk and management of cardiovascular diseases and mental health problems, such as depression and dementia. This reprint includes nine original articles and one systematic review.
    Keywords: fatty acids ; postprandial state ; chylomicron ; olive oil ; dendritic cells ; myeloid lineage ; triglyceride-rich lipoprotein ; early-onset dementia ; dietary habits ; MIND diet ; DASH diet ; Mediterranean diet ; risk ; prevention ; DNA methylation ; epigenetics ; Adventist Health Study-2 ; vegetarian diet ; linear regression ; permutation ; healthy eating index ; depression ; NHANES ; diet pattern ; DGA ; nutrition ; Roma ; Hungary ; health ; dietary patterns ; dietary indicators ; sustainability ; dietary recall ; high-density lipoprotein ; lipidome ; proteome ; exposome ; diet ; lifestyle ; demographics ; cardiovascular disease ; cholesterol ; triglycerides ; blood pressure ; glycemic control ; adlay ; hypertension ; ACE ; ET-1 ; eating disorder ; all-cause mortality ; epidemiology ; hazard ratio ; general population ; Canada ; daily total intake of dietary nutrients ; RGCS ; HbA1c ; odds ratio ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Dear Colleagues, Zoological institutions contribute a large amount of fundamental and applied knowledge on a diverse array of animal species. Despite this significant contribution, research conducted within zoos or other captive wildlife facilities has historically been skewed toward charismatic mammals, which comprise only a small proportion of the species that are held in captive collections. Modern zoos play an important role in animal welfare, conservation, and environmental education; therefore, this shortfall in knowledge may have large, unseen, and negative impacts on these “forgotten species”. Hypothesis-driven, experimental research plays a key role in filling these knowledge gaps; however, other avenues of data collection exist which may be equally important. These include observational data (collected without experimental interventions), operational data (data collected within the general management activities of a facility), and incidental data (data collected for one purpose which may reveal further important information when explored in more detail). These unpublished datasets may provide fundamental information on species for which comparatively little is known.
    Keywords: Bucovus leadbeateri ; Bucerotidae ; mirror ; carcass feeding ; spread of participation index ; amphibian ; behaviour ; diet ; nitrogenous waste ; welfare ; zoo research ; behavior ; environmental enrichment ; evidence-based ; husbandry ; reptile ; lizard ; zoo ; captive ; cognition ; play ; tree kangaroo ; zoos ; activity budget ; enclosure use ; Dendrolagus ; understudied ; alligator ; animal welfare ; behavioral observation ; comparative ; social behavior ; Psitaccidae ; ultraviolet light ; artificial lighting ; T5 lamps ; vision ; red panda ; maternal behaviour ; elasmobranch ; sharks ; space use ; ZooMonitor ; cusimanse ; Crossarchus obscurus ; AWAG ; welfare assessment ; carnivore ; Verreaux’s eagle owl ; Bubo lacteus ; macroplastic ; litter ; digit constriction ; cooperation ; loose-string task ; rodents ; synchronized actions ; cooperative breeding ; pair bonds ; tortoise ; diversity index ; enrichment ; ethogram ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The agri-food sector has faced several challenges in recent years. The increase in the global population, and thus, growing food demand has led to the over-exploitation of numerous agricultural systems by farmers and agri-food entrepreneurs. However, in most cases, producers prioritize increasing their incomes, neglecting to consider the environmental and social impacts of their production processes. The search for ever greater yields and revenues has degraded agro-ecosystems, forcing both farmers and agri-food firms leave rural areas. Moreover, as global warming requires us to rethink existing production processes from economic, environmental and social points of view to reduce GHGs emissions, it is necessary to adopt sustainable agri-food production. This reprint contains empirical studies and systematic reviews regarding the achievement of a sustainable agri-food sector by assessing entrepreneurs’ choices, consumer behavior and policy interventions.
    Keywords: agroecology ; consumers&rsquo ; behavior ; green economy ; organic farming ; innovation adoption ; sustainable development ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the character of academic conferences has changed. Formerly, conferences required the physical presence of their members and audiences. However, travel restrictions due to the pandemic caused a shift in the traditional conference format, thus resulting in the rise of online conferences after 2020. In 2021 and 2022, the journal “Diversity” similarly organized online conferences. The well-attended online conference in March of 2021 attracted a wide range of speakers on biodiversity, ecology and evolution, as well as on 17 publications from this Special Issue. The publications cover several timely aspects of biodiversity, such as the importance of invasive species, the ecology of urbanization, the effects of drought on wildlife in Southern Africa, the results of human activities on insect, mammal, bird, reptile and amphibia populations, and the genetic diversity of animal breeds, microbiomes and planktonic organisms. Additionally, taxonomic and biosystematic topics are also covered in several SI publications.
    Keywords: chelonians ; pelomedusidae ; foraging ecology ; invasive species ; alien ; translocated ; critically endangered ; freshwater fishes ; freshwater ecosystems ; conservation ; biodiversity ; red list ; diversity ; algae ; alpine lake ; bioindication ; ecological characteristic ; ecosystem ; Nesamovyte Lake ; Eastern Carpathians ; CITES ; endangered species ; SDM ; degraded amazon ; machine learning ; taxonomic diversity ; functional richness ; Rao’s quadratic entropy ; climatic variables ; generalized additive mixed models ; macroecological patterns ; diversity drivers ; urban birds ; bird assemblages ; urbanisation ; landscape ecology ; land use change ; geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) ; Australian monsoonal tropics ; wild goats ; single nucleotide polymorphisms ; genetic diversity ; population structure ; cattle ; Kalmyk cattle ; Kyrgyz cattle ; Kazakh cattle ; Kazakh white-headed breed ; historical specimens ; microsatellites ; consensus genotypes ; sheep ; runs of homozygosity ; genomic inbreeding ; bees ; pollinators ; urban management ; ecological niche model ; distribution ; aquaculture ; mosquitofish ; climate change ; expansion ; catena ecosystem ; ephemeral mud wallows ; habitat use ; mammal variety ; Skukuza area ; species presence ; Stevenson-Hamilton supersite ; Bryodelphax mareki sp. nov. ; DNA barcoding ; Eutardigrada ; Heterotardigrada ; Macrobiotus birendrai sp. nov. ; water bears ; eutrophication ; exotic species ; tropical lakes ; zooplankton ; agroecosystems ; arthropods ; environment ; indicators ; RDP measures ; Porifera ; microbiome ; sponge disease ; 16S rRNA sequencing ; Baikal ; Poland ; Europe ; Cydalima perspectalis ; box tree moth ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Fruit- and vegetable-based products (F&Vs) have been conventionally processed using thermal techniques such as pasteurization, scalding, and/and drying, ensuring microbial safety and/or enzyme deactivation. Although thermal treatments are the most cost-effective tools, they could also reduce bioactive compounds, nutrients, and even sensory attributes. Nowadays, non-thermal food-processing technologies such as UV light and high-pressure processing have been proposed to develop food products with extended shelf life and preserved/encouraged bioactive compounds, while preserving the sensory properties. This reprint addresses the existing knowledge gaps of novel thermal and non-thermal techniques in the production of F&Vs and their derivatives. This reprint focuses on the effect of thermal and non-thermal treatments (light stresses, high hydrostatic pressure, pulse electric fields, oscillating magnetic fields, cold plasma, ultrasound, drying, etc.) on shelf-life, key bioactive compound changes (antioxidants, nutraceuticals, flavonoids, and non-flavonoids), enzymatic antioxidant systems, and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems of fruit- and vegetable-based products. Apart from an editorial written by the guest editors, the Special Issue consists of 13 papers that cover a range of subjects: thermal and non-thermal treatments on whole fruits (n = 4); thermal and non-thermal treatments on fruit and vegetable byproducts (n = 3); and, thermal and non-thermal treatments on fruit-based beverages and purées (n = 6).
    Keywords: carotenoids ; phenolic compounds ; puree ; juice ; bioaccessibility ; pulsed electric fields ; carrot ; microstructure ; quality attributes ; orange juice ; nisin-assisted thermosonication ; microbial and enzyme inactivation ; sensory quality ; bioactive properties ; Aronia melanocarpa L. ; by-products ; sustainability ; inulin ; trehalose ; polyphenols ; HMF ; unsupervised chemometric analysis ; high hydrostatic pressure ; thermal pasteurization ; anthocyanin ; vitamin C ; flavanones ; high-pressure processing ; potatoes ; polyphenol oxidase ; antioxidant activity ; smoothies ; juices ; elicitors ; abiotic stresses ; nutraceuticals ; health-promoting compounds ; garlic ; ageing process ; bioactive compounds ; organoleptic properties ; HPLC-MS/MS analysis ; controlled abiotic stresses ; elicitation ; functional foods ; whole fruits and vegetables ; stress-induced biosynthesis ; secondary metabolites ; innovative technologies ; non-thermal technologies ; apple ; strawberry ; food processing ; thermal processing ; stability ; storage ; ozonisation ; antioxidants ; table grape ; wine grape ; wine ; zero waste ; green technologies ; circular economy ; UV ; UVB ; UVC ; UV illumination ; photochemical treatments ; abiotic stress ; phytochemicals ; quality ; food safety ; Punica granatum ; phenolics ; encapsulation ; green-technology ; minimally processed ; food losses ; clean label ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The second volume of the Special Issue entitled “Antimicrobial Prescribing and Stewardship” consists of manuscripts, including original research articles, review articles, and opinion papers regarding antimicrobial stewardship-related topics, including disease-based/organism-based antimicrobial stewardship; the influence of antimicrobial utilization changes on antimicrobial resistance; the impact of antimicrobial stewardship on quality performance measures and patient outcomes; novel antimicrobial stewardship education and training approaches or interventions aimed toward the public and/or healthcare workers; behavioral change approaches to antimicrobial stewardship; collaborative practice agreements in antimicrobial stewardship; antimicrobial stewardship in special populations (e.g., pediatrics, geriatrics, emergency medicine, hematology/oncology); tackling AMR through antimicrobial stewardship in low- and middle-income countries; antimicrobial stewardship for animal health; antimicrobial stewardship in alternative settings (e.g., community practice, long-term care, resource-limited settings, small and rural hospitals); antimicrobial use and stewardship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; and global collaborations to tackle AMR through antimicrobial stewardship.
    Keywords: antimicrobial stewardship programs ; hospitals ; multi-drug resistance ; antibiotics ; antimicrobial stewardship ; quality of prescription ; prescriptive appropriateness ; surgical prophylaxis ; antibiotic stewardship ; febrile neutropenia ; appropriateness ; pharmacist-driven ; hematology oncologic patient ; hospital care ; primary care ; physicians ; antibiotic ; prescription ; Portugal ; upper respiratory tract infections ; antimicrobial resistance ; parental knowledge ; attitudes ; practices ; child ; Greece ; COVID-19 ; emergency department ; prescribing ; antimicrobial prescribing ; behavior change ; primary healthcare ; general practice ; community pharmacy ; qualitative study ; patient attitudes ; self-care ; questionnaire ; behavioural science ; global-pps ; antimicrobial surveillance ; antimicrobials ; ceftriaxone prescription ; prevalence ; Uganda ; life-long ; suppression ; multi-resistant organisms ; antibiotic prophylaxis ; joint replacement ; prosthetic joint infection ; oral implantology ; dental implants ; hospital physicians ; low-resistance country ; antibiotic prescription ; semi-structured interviews ; antibiotic prescribing quality ; low-risk intra-abdominal infections ; post-operative antibiotic treatment ; antimicrobial drug use ; dairy cattle ; knowledge ; logistic regression models ; machine learning ; survey ; cystitis ; fluoroquinolones ; point prevalence survey ; antibiotic use surveillance ; hospital ; private sector ; global health security ; multisectoral ; stewardship ; surveillance ; collaboration ; antimicrobial use ; food animals ; AMU ; DDD ; biosecurity ; animal welfare ; anthelmintics ; prudent use ; imprudent use ; livestock production systems ; Fiji ; healthcare providers ; infectious diseases ; caregivers ; antibiotic resistance ; rural population ; India ; antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ; antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) ; AMS Game ; board game ; online game ; Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship ; CwPAMS ; gaming ; game-based learning ; gamification ; prescribing app ; anti-infective ; antimicrobial ; behaviour change ; healthcare workers ; national action plans ; pharmacy ; One Health ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Explore a decade of groundbreaking research in "10th Anniversary of Cells—Advances in Plant, Algae, and Fungi Cell Biology." This reprint offers a comprehensive journey into the realms of plant, algae, and fungi cell biology. Delve into the world of genomics, cellular defense mechanisms, mycorrhizal fungi, and the physiology of extremophile algae. A celebration of scientific excellence, this reprint is a valuable resource for researchers, educators, and enthusiasts passionate about these fascinating domains. Join us in commemorating a decade of discovery and advancement in cellular biology.
    Keywords: membrane proteins ; overproduction ; production platform ; protein purification ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; solute carrier 39 ; SLC39 ; family ; yeast ; zinc ; zinc transporters ; ZIPs ; Agave americana ; crassulacean acid metabolism ; genetic engineering ; Nicotiana sylvestris ; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase ; photosynthesis ; drought tolerance ; salt tolerance ; microalgae ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; starch ; supraoptimal temperature ; cell cycle ; pilot-scale production ; DNA methylation ; Fusarium graminearum ; in vitro subcultures ; virulence reduction ; ddRAD-MCSeEd ; virulence genes ; 13C ; 14C ; aldol ; Calvin-Benson cycle ; light respiration ; isotope labeling ; cytokinin ; endocytosis ; cytoskeleton ; actin ; plant immunity ; induced resistance ; Parachlorella kessleri ; supra-optimal temperature ; energy reserves ; growth processes ; reproduction events ; deuterium ; deuterated starch ; deuterated lipid ; soft scale insects ; Ophiocordyceps ; symbiosis ; transovarial transmission ; Verticillium wilt ; Glomus viscosum Nicolson ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; oxidative stress ; antioxidant systems ; defense ability ; ABI5 ; ABF ; AREB ; abiotic stress response ; abscisic acid ; phytohormone crosstalk ; salinity stress ; chloroplast ; plastid ; osmolytes ; osmotic adjustment ; reactive oxygen species ; herbivory ; membrane potential ; ion channel ; Arthrospira ; haloalkalotolerant cyanobacteria ; metagenomics ; phylogenomics ; fatty acid ; enveloped virus ; Ebola virus ; HIV ; herpes simplex virus ; human cytomegalovirus ; influenza virus ; MERS-CoV ; SARS-CoV-2 ; N-glycosite ; O-glycosite ; high-mannose glycan ; complex N-glycans ; Vicieae man-specific lectin ; T/Tn-specific lectin ; specific interaction ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Near-Infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has become one of the most attractive and used technique for analysis as it allows a fast and simultaneous qualitative and quantitative characterization of a wide variety of food samples. NIR spectroscopy is essential in various other fields, e.g., pharmaceuticals, petrochemical, textiles, cosmetics, medical applications, and chemicals such as polymers. The high level of interest in NIR spectroscopy among scientific and professional sectors demonstrates its relevance. We feel that the Special Issue's scope has facilitated the interchange of ideas and thereby aided in expanding the new development in this field of knowledge. Furthermore, we aimed to provide the readership with a comprehensive summary of present state-of-the-art NIR spectroscopy, current development trends, and future possibilities. We also believe that by doing so, we will be able to provide an accceptable opportunity for all contributors to make their results and methodologies more visible, as well as to highlight their recent achievements in their respective fields which have been made possible by the use of NIR spectroscopy. The Special Issue had a resoundingly enthusiastic response, with several submissions from academics and professional spectroscopists, resulting in the collection of 13 papers, including 1 exhaustive review paper. The articles submitted well represent the variety of the application field. These articles cover a wide range of topics related to NIR spectroscopy in a broad sense. The majority of the papers concentrate on applied qualitative and quantitative analysis in a variety of fields.
    Keywords: hyperspectral ; spatial-spectral features ; classification ; principal component analysis ; convolutional neural network ; near infrared spectra ; chemometry ; dry meat ; artificial neural networks ; organoleptic parameters ; prediction ; protected geographical indication distinguishing ; near infrared ; vitamin C ; ellagic acid ; wild harvest ; Kakadu plum ; chemometrics ; proximal sensing ; precision agriculture ; E. coli ; S. typhimurium ; biofilm ; hyperspectral imaging ; discriminant analysis ; pesticide residues ; spectroscopy ; PLS ; soft computing ; algorithm ; NIRS ; muscle ; bovine ; MUFA ; PUFA ; SFA ; NIR spectrometer ; intact potato ; dry matter ; reducing sugars ; MPLS ; pepper leaf ; SPAD value ; hyperspectral inversion ; characteristic waveband selection ; NIR ; calibration models ; PLS-R ; volatile phenols ; aged wine spirit ; breast milk quality control ; handheld ; olive oil ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; quality parameters ; mangetout ; pea pod ; near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint emerges as a beacon guiding researchers, scientists, and medical professionals through uncharted territories. In this volume, we delve deep into the intricate world of immunization, where the fusion of bioinformatics and network medicine reshapes our understanding of vaccines' efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity.
    Keywords: monkeypox ; mpox ; MPXV ; universal vaccine ; multi-epitope mRNA vaccine ; immunoinformatics ; influenza ; H3N2 ; antigenic distance ; hemagglutinin ; attribute network embedding ; herpes simplex virus ; HSV-2 ; vaccine ; costimulation ; genital ; antibodies ; T cells ; MDV ; chickens ; Th17 cells ; IL-17A ; interferon-gamma and adaptive immunity ; adenoviral vector ; cell fusion ; human endogenous retrovirus type W (HERV-W) ; R-peptide ; Syncytin-1 ; HIV ; PLWH ; ART ; vaccination ; immune responses ; CD4 ; COVID-19 ; HPV ; respiratory syncytial virus ; RSV ; mucosal vaccine ; inactivated vaccine ; low-energy electron irradiation ; LEEI ; PC formulation ; PCLS ; binding antibody assay ; immune correlates of protection ; modified treatment policy ; neutralizing antibody assay ; principal stratification ; principal surrogate ; SARS-CoV-2 ; stochastic intervention ; stochastic interventional vaccine efficacy ; peste des petits ruminants ; ewes ; lambs ; passive immunity ; quadrivalent adjuvanted influenza vaccines ; toll-like receptors ; CVID ; azoximer bromide ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: History is the basis for our interpretation of humanity’s past. Indeed, new developments in digital humanities and the digitalization of archives can place historical sources in a new light. Systematized historical sources allow us to see the practical changes that have occurred over centuries of ethnobotany and analyze (although sometimes solely hypothesize on) the causes of such changes. Studying history helps us to understand the influences on the evolution of local ecological knowledge regarding plant use. In ethnobotany, numerous understudied historical sources are awaiting modern interpretations. Old uses enhanced by the new possibilities offered by technology can enrich our everyday lives. Yet, understanding historical sources, especially in ethnobotany, where several disciplines are involved, is not univocal. Mistakes introduced by misidentified plants or information misinterpreted from old languages can have negative, long-term consequences. This Special Issue provides examples of the critical analyses of various historical sources and insights into ongoing historical and diachronic studies on plant use. This reprint is intended for a broad interdisciplinary audience interested in historical ethnobotany, history of plant studies, and human culture.
    Keywords: history of ethnobotany ; early citizen science studies ; history of ethnomedicine ; archive data ; ethnopharmacology ; plant identification ; ethnobotany ; folk poetry ; plant symbolism ; ritual plants ; useful plants ; historical ethnobotany ; local ecological knowledge ; old herbals ; scholarly medicine ; Livonia ; Courland ; duckweed ; ethnobotanical convergence ; Hildegard von Bingen ; Paul Emile Botta ; Ritual of the Bacabs ; Babylonian Talmud ; Kurma Purana ; Ono no Komachi ; Ho Ching-ming ; Cyprus ; Maronites ; Mediterranean diet ; wild greens ; folklore collections ; biocultural diversity ; Estonian history ; folk medicine ; medicinal plants ; anthropology ; arable weed conservation ; charismatic species ; cultural history ; cultural symbols ; human–plants relations ; wild food plants ; cultural relict plants ; herbal remedies ; living biocultural heritage ; silvopastoral system ; Central Europe ; traditional use ; historical ethnopharmacology ; natural dyes ; traditional ecological knowledge ; textiles ; wool ; flax ; Easter eggs ; art ; Baroque ; floral elements ; NE Mediterranean ; Pelješac peninsula ; sacral heritage ; Alps ; borders ; ethnomedicine ; mountain regions ; ethnobotanical investigation ; diachronic comparison ; historical sources ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint focuses on proteins as critical components of plant cell walls. They contribute not only to the overall architecture of the walls but also to the rearrangement of the cell wall polymers to enable growth, differentiation, and appropriate responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, thus allowing the adaptation of plants to their changing environment. Different experimental approaches are illustrated and the roles of a set of protein families are described. Moreover, new concepts involving the role of cell wall proteins in organ morphogenesis through calcium signaling are discussed.
    Keywords: Brachypodium ; cell wall ; nucleus ; zygotic embryo ; arabinogalactan proteins ; cellulose ; pectin ; matricellular proteins ; SOS5 ; periostin ; Mpb83 ; cellulase ; glycosyl hydrolase family 9 ; carbohydrate binding module (CBM) ; bioinformatics ; RT-qPCR ; morphogenesis ; cell wall protein ; hechtian oscillator ; calcium signaling ; H+-ATPase ; nutrients ; root system architecture ; Glycine max ; XTH gene family ; transgenic soybean ; plant genome ; plant hormone ; flooding ; root plasticity ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Class III peroxidase ; Medicago truncatula ; microdomains ; phylogenetics ; plasma membrane ; protein–protein interaction ; Oryza sativa ; tonoplast ; Zea mays ; pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI), pectin ; homogalacturonan (HG) ; cell wall properties ; degree of methylesterification (DM) ; stress ; development ; applications ; fasciclin-like AGP ; FLA ; evolution ; phylogeny ; plant cell wall ; proteome ; monocot ; stiff brome ; rice ; sugarcane ; Brachypodium distachyon ; Saccharum spp. ; extensins ; immunohistochemistry ; leaf ; temperature stress ; plant cell walls ; plasmodesmata ; callose ; callose synthase ; DUF642 family ; homogalacturonans ; plant development ; pectins ; EXO70 ; exocyst complex ; phosphatidic acid ; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ; phospholipids ; plasma membrane domains ; polar exocytosis ; trichome ; phosphate starvation ; Pi mobilization ; roots ; grain ; remodeling ; polysaccharide ; wheat ; Phyllotaxis ; auxin ; acid growth ; Hechtian oscillator ; plasma membrane ion fluxes ; n/a ; green lineage ; modeling ; PAC domain ; plant ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Dive into the fascinating world of photosynthesis through the latest publications. This comprehensive work delves deep into the intricate regulatory mechanisms that underpin the vital process of photosynthesis. From the molecular reactions at the core to the overarching responses of entire plants, explore the diverse facets of this fundamental phenomenon. Discover how plants adeptly adapt to an ever-changing and often challenging environment. Gain valuable insights with real-world applications, spanning agriculture, forestry, and biotechnology. Whether you're a scientist, educator, or enthusiast, this reprint promises to unravel the mysteries of life's essential processes. Join us in this exploration of photosynthesis as we bridge the gap between scientific inquiry and practical knowledge, ensuring a sustainable future for both natural ecosystems and cultivated environments.
    Keywords: abiotic stressors ; environmental stress ; growth ; light intensity ; photosynthetic pigments ; picocyanobacteria ; plant physiology ; Alternaria brassicicola ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; chloroplast ultrastructure ; defense response ; microarray ; photosynthesis ; susceptibility ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; extremely low frequency magnetic field ; Schumann resonance frequencies ; photosynthetic light reactions ; non-photochemical quenching ; quantum yield of photosystem II ; wheat ; pea ; endophytes ; culture filtrate ; exogenously hormone ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; antioxidant enzymes ; antioxidants ; carotenoids ; photochemical efficiency ; protein ; tocopherol ; xanthophyll cycle ; zeaxanthin ; root ; rhizosphere ; rhizobacteria ; root morphology ; abiotic stresses ; phase-sensitive imaging ; magnetopriming ; UV exclusion ; leaf venation ; leaf hydraulics ; high light ; thylakoid membrane ; microdomains ; photoprotection ; Synechocystis ; photoinhibition ; photosystems ; seed priming ; nanotechnology ; germination ; seed resistance ; sustainability ; cold plasma technology ; machine learning ; proton gradient regulation 5 (PGR5) ; PGR5-like photosynthetic phenotype 1 (PGRL1) ; photosynthetic electron transport ; PSI photoinhibition ; oxidation of P700 ; oxidative stress ; combined effect ; Pisum sativum L. ; nanoparticles ; cerium oxide ; zinc oxide ; metal uptake ; hydroponic culture ; photomorphogenesis ; Pinus sylvestris ; light of various spectral composition ; gene expression ; pigment content ; lipid droplets ; microalgae ; Raman spectroscopy ; Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ; cyanobacteria ; heavy metals ; nitrogenase ; heterocyst ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The discipline of aquaculture ecology is developing rapidly and has generated much valuable progress in recent decades. This reprint mainly describes the recent advances in the individual ecology of commercial aquatic organisms, the ecology of aquaculture systems, the interaction between aquaculture activities and the environment, the structure of function of microbial communities, the principles of environmental management in aquaculture ecosystems, etc. Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing human activities, and has achieved high and predictable yields in recent decades. However, the industry is also facing numerous long-term challenges, such as environmental pollution, excessive resource consumption, etc. Aquaculture ecology aims to lay an ecological foundation for the sustainable development of aquaculture. This reprint hosts 10 papers and 1 editorial, with topics including, but not limited to, the impact of floating raft aquaculture on the hydrodynamic environment of an open sea area; the bioremediation of aquaculture wastewater using seaweed; the production environment in biofloc systems; the effects of various environmental factors, including temperature, carbonate alkalinity and protein levels in compound feed on commercial aquatic species; advances in ecology research on major integrated rice field aquaculture models in China, etc. The advances in aquaculture ecology research collected in this reprint can provide references for the sustainable development of aquaculture.
    Keywords: aquaculture wastewater ; desiccation ; growth ; Neoporphyra ; nitrogen limitation ; NO3-N and PO4-P removal ; water velocity ; molasses ; PHBV ; water quality ; nitrification rate ; heterotrophic ; bacteria community ; bacterial function ; rice–crab co-culture ; Eriocheir sinensis ; dietary protein content ; ecological environment ; rice field ; integrated aquaculture ; ecology ; review ; prospects ; coupling degree ; eco-certification ; biochemical composition ; golden tide ; NO3-N uptake ; photosynthesis ; seaweed cultivation ; mud crab ; temperature ; molting ; energy metabolism ; floating raft aquaculture area ; open sea area ; hydrodynamic environment ; water exchange capacity ; numerical simulation ; carbonate alkalinity stress ; Exopalaemon carinicauda ; reproduction ; ovary ; eyestalk ; transcriptome ; growth performance ; bacterial community ; Bacillus pumilus BP-171 ; Penaeus vannamei ; Daphniopsis tibetana ; biology ; different habitats ; population growth parameters ; third-generation transcriptome sequencing ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The aim of this second Eng Special Issue is to collect experimental and theoretical re-search relating to engineering science and technology. The general topics of Eng are as follows: electrical, electronic and information engineering; chemical and materials engineering; energy engineering; mechanical and automotive engineering; industrial and manufacturing engineering; civil and structural engineering; aerospace engineering; biomedical engineering; geotechnical engineering and engineering geology; and ocean and environmental engineering. Therefore, the following editorial is a selection of representative works of these topics.
    Keywords: &nbsp ; Environment Management ; Environmental Engineering ; Chemical Engineering ; Materials Engineering&nbsp ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue is a continuation of our previous Special Issue “Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity: Dynamic Changes in Neurons Functions”. With the aim to present good research papers provided by specialists, this Special Issue published basic research and pre-clinical research articles, case reports, case series or clinical image articles, short communications, and review articles.
    Keywords: electrophysiology ; microdialysis ; immunohistochemistry ; L-DOPA ; deep brain stimulation ; Fingolimod ; FTY720 ; BDNF ; primary cultures ; dendrites ; dendritic spines ; Rett syndrome ; Mecp2 ; Cdkl5 ; paired associative stimulation (PAS) ; multiple sclerosis (MS) ; interleukin (IL)-1β ; synaptic plasticity ; long-term potentiation (LTP) ; transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) ; stroke ; neuronal extracellular matrix ; neurovascular unit ; matrix metalloproteinases ; systems biology ; maladaptive plasticity ; glutamatergic system ; synaptic ultrastructure ; schizophrenia ; autism spectrum disorder ; fear extinction ; fear conditioning ; medial prefrontal cortex ; RNA sequencing ; differential gene expression ; electrophysiological recordings ; excitatory post-synaptic currents ; spinogenesis ; fear-related disorders ; food deprivation ; dietary restriction ; dorsolateral striatum ; GluA1 ; calcium-permeable AMPA ; naphthyl-acetyl spermine ; A2A ; cAMP ; A2A mRNA ; dystonia ; DYT1 ; basal ganglia ; D2 ; cerebellar atrophy ; bipolar disorder ; voxel-based morphometry ; cerebellar grey matter volume ; 22q11 deletion syndrome ; synapses ; mitochondria ; astrocytes ; Parkinson’s disease ; PBMCs ; Seahorse ; immunometabolic pathway ; neuroinflammation ; biomarkers ; synaptopathy ; CDKL5 ; inhibitory synapse ; gephyrin ; collybistin ; GABAA receptor ; pregnenolone-methyl-ether ; microRNA ; miR-132/212 ; dorsal hippocampus ; ventral hippocampus ; corticosterone ; emotional behavior ; anxiety-like behavior ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The effects of nutrition on chronic conditions, such as diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and stroke, continue to generate interest among researchers. This is because diet is a modifiable risk factor. The composition of diet, including the proportions and types of macronutrients and micronutrients, is a major contributor to chronic diseases. The beneficial effects of nutritional interventions on chronic conditions have been well documented, although differences remain among researchers concerning their overall impact. The evaluations of the role of nutrition in chronic conditions draw on diet’s effects on body weight, body composition, glycemic, and insulin excursions, and vascular remodeling. The effect of diet in modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis is also an evolving area of research. This reprint, entitled “Nutrition in Chronic Conditions”, aims to examine the effect of nutrition in the development, care, and management of chronic conditions. This reprint includes 11 original studies conducted in high- and middle-income countries, 3 systematic reviews with meta-analysis, and 3 literature reviews. The topics covered in the reprint include: the effects of diet on (1) insulin and glucose metabolism; (2) gut health; (3) brain and cognitive impairment; (4) infections, chronic conditions, malnutrition, and all-cause mortality; (5) obesity and dietary variables in post-menopausal women; (6) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice, specifically with the consumption of coffee; and (7) chronic conditions and COVID-19 infection.
    Keywords: metabolic syndrome ; insulin resistance ; diabetes mellitus type 2 ; mild cognitive impairment ; Alzheimer’s disease ; NAFLD ; coffee ; lncRNA ; Gm16551 ; H19 ; diabetes ; chronic kidney disease ; proteinuria ; inflammation ; diet ; nutrition ; plant-based foods ; medical nutrition therapy ; type 2 diabetes ; almonds ; tree nuts ; glycated haemoglobin ; gut microbiota ; body mass index ; bone metabolism ; obesity ; osteoporosis ; fracture ; bone turnover markers ; economic analysis ; chronic heart failure ; nutritional support ; clinical outcomes ; cost savings ; COVID-19 ; micronutrients ; deficiency ; SARS-CoV-2 ; hospital outcomes ; childhood obesity ; pandemic ; personalised lifestyle intervention ; overweight ; BMI ; extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) ; innate immunity ; PBLs ; cytokines ; handgrip strength ; malnutrition ; cancer ; glycemic control ; intake ; adolescents ; glycemic index ; glycemic load ; dietary fiber ; mortality ; cardiovascular diseases ; cohort study ; beta-hydroxybutyrate ; evolution ; ketogenesis ; anti-inflammatory ; zinc deficiency ; inflammatory bowel disease ; meta-analysis ; dietary habits ; Helicobacter pylori ; socio-demographic factors ; biochemical measurement ; vitamin D ; Bahrain ; postprandial ; hypertension ; insulinaemia ; triglyceridaemia ; prebiotics ; oral anti-diabetic agents ; gut microbiome ; Network meta-analysis ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The prevalence of dietary supplement is increased in the world. The primary purpose of dietary supplements is the provide nutrients, such as vitamin and mineral, to maintain health. However, the functional ingredients in food, especially polyphenols, have attracted attention in recent decades, and these ingredients have beneficial effects on human health. On the other hand, a lot of ingredients with poor evidence as to their effects have also been marketed as dietary supplements, and adverse events associated with dietary supplement use have been reported. It is important to choose dietary supplements whose efficacy and safety for our health have been studied.
    Keywords: tinnitus ; antioxidant supplementation ; oxidative stress ; a-lipoic acid ; multi-vitamin supplement ; dietary supplements ; fish protein ; marine protein ; hydroxybutyrate ; TMAO ; biomarkers ; test–retest ; nutritional supplement ; vitamin ; mineral ; herbal ; natural ; botanical ; nutraceutical ; Euglena gracilis EOD-1 ; β-glucan ; paramylon ; fatigue ; selective attention ; antioxidant ; B-vitamins supplement ; vitamin B6 ; ageing ; B-vitamin bioavailability ; ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry ; excretion ; alternative medicine ; public health ; Internet ; asymptomatic hyperuricemia ; DKB114 ; Chrysanthemum indicum Linn ; Cinnamomum cassia ; clinical trial ; uric acid ; isoflavones ; flavonoids ; phytoestrogens ; soy ; bone health ; cardiovascular risk ; cancer ; menopausal symptoms ; sage ; Salvia officinalis ; Salvia lavandulaefolia ; polyphenols ; cognition ; Cosmos caudatus ; cognitive function ; mood ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The main difficulty of radiotherapy is to destroy cancer cells without depletion of healthy tissue. Stem cells and cancers are tightly interrelated. On one hand, radiosensitivity/radioressistance of cancer stem cells affects the radiocurability of tumors. On the other hand, radiosensitivity is responsible for the stem cell depletion of organs at risk exposed to irradiation. Efficient solide cancer destruction is limited by the preservation of organ homeostasis. For this reason, targeted irradiation is an effective cancer therapy, but damage inflicted to normal tissues surrounding the tumor may cause severe complications. The consequences of stem cell depletion of healthy tissue irradiated are acute and chronic radiation diseases. Research on the radiosensitivity of cancer stem cells and adult stem cells associated with tissue regeneration medicine will bring forth the solution for optimal radiocurability associated with long-term patients’ quality of life.
    Keywords: human epidermis ; keratinocytes ; stem cells ; precursor cells ; low-dose γ irradiation ; regeneration ; dysplasia ; epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) ; ZEB1 ; experimental radiotherapy ; radiobiology ; mesenchymal stem cells ; cell therapy ; exosome ; annexin A1 ; acute respiratory-distress syndrome ; COVID-19 ; local radiation injuries ; conditioned medium ; cell technologies ; X-ray radiation ; skin ; placenta ; Radiation ; stem/progenitor cells ; organoids ; radiation therapy ; radiation cystitis ; fibrosis ; treatment ; stem cells therapy ; macrophages ; mesenchymal stem cell ; radiation damage ; BCSC ; ALDH activity ; fractionated dose of γ radiation ; radioresistance ; ROS ; Nrf2 ; Keap1 ; miR200a ; epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) ; colorectal cancer ; cancer-stem like cells ; SOX2 ; PI3K/AKT ; radiation-induced injury ; radiotherapy ; radiation ; mesenchymal ; stem cell ; extracellular vesicles ; micro vesicles ; paracrine effect ; adipose tissue derived stem cells ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Due to increasing concern about the use of pesticides and its potential side effects, this book considers the development and application of alternative, environmental-friendly, plant protection methods for the control of weeds, disease, and pests (predators, parasitoids, competitors, plant-plant interactions, microelements, biopesticides). Some of the main advantages of the measures presented in papers are the absence of toxicity to humans and vertebrates, beneficial organisms, and the environment, as well as the absence of pest resistance. In order to provide sustainable and eco-friendly food production, those are important subjects, both in conventional, organic and integrated agricultural farming. Through reviews and original research articles, this reprint covers all aspects of alternative measures in plant protection.
    Keywords: biopesticides ; agriculture ; food supply ; microorganisms ; antifungal ; Botryosphaeriaceae ; chitosan ; GTDs ; madder ; stevioside ; Vitis vinifera ; biocontrol ; Heterorhabditis ; pest and pathogen management ; Photorhabdus ; marketing ; fungi ; Fusarium ; selenium ; micronutrient ; inhibition ; bioactivity ; biologically active compounds ; fungistatic effects ; quercetin ; red alga ; rosmarinic acid ; basal stem rot (BSR) ; phenolic compounds ; lignin ; cellulose ; hemicellulose ; silica body ; crystalline cellulose ; biodegradation ; nematode management ; biological control ; mechanisms ; host plant resistance ; synthetic nematicide ; botanicals ; optimizing strategies ; allelopathy ; oxidative stress ; maize ; soybean ; sunflower ; entomopathogenic fungi ; Tenebrio molitor ; virulence ; pathogenicity ; growth stimulation ; plant–microbe–pest interactions ; rhizosphere competence ; gallic acid ; catechin ; epicatechin ; fungal diseases ; grape berry ; hybrids ; Penicillium ; Botrytis ; Colletotrichum ; Alternaria ; Monilinia ; post-harvest diseases ; Tetranychus urticae ; Euseius stipulatus ; Typhlodromus sp. ; Phytoseiulus persimilis ; citrus orchard ; monitoring ; predators ; pest ; treatments ; aphid ; conservation biocontrol ; parasitoid ; Aphidius colemani ; floral resource plant ; field margin ; Erysiphe alphitoides ; the shoot-biomass amount ; Compu Eye, Leaf & Symptom Area ; antifungal endophytes ; secondary metabolites ; volatile compounds ; anti-oomycete ; Phytophthora infestans ; sporangia germination ; Solanum lycopersicum ; integrated disease management ; plant extracts ; defense inducers ; incidence ; AUDPC ; germination ; biopesticide ; plant–nematode interactions ; nematode effectors and control ; plant resistance ; amino acids ; biostimulant ; glutathione ; herbicide ; safener ; organic waste ; formulation ; improvement ; antifungal activity ; marine ; saline ; wetland ; post-harvest ; antifungal effect ; chloroxylenol ; phenic ; phenol ; Sclerotium rolfsii ; tomato plants ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: With the aid of smart and functional nanomaterials, various analytical techniques and their applications have been greatly improved. Based on functional nanomaterials, this Reprint contains innovative studies and comprehensive reviews regarding the design of SERS, fluorescence, bioluminescence, and chromatographic assays and electrochemical techniques for the detection of food contaminants. It includes the pretreatment of food samples, signal amplification mechanisms, detection strategies, method construction process, and other topics.
    Keywords: aptasensor ; quencher-free ; photo-induced electron transfer ; guanine-quenching fluorescence ; ochratoxin A ; red carbon dots ; manganese ion ; zinc ion ; fluorescence ; macroalgae ; electrochemical sensors ; molecularly imprinted polymers ; separation and detection ; food safety ; antibiotics detection ; G-quadruplex ; label-free ; fluorescence aptasensor ; ratiometric ; determination of dipicolinic acid ; smartphone-based detection ; Au nanoparticles ; ZnO nanosheets ; MEMS gas sensor ; 3-hydroxy-2-butanone ; foodborne-pathogens detection ; Förster resonance energy transfer ; ZnSe nanostructures ; aptamer ; zeta potential ; fluorescence detection ; electrochemistry ; biosensor ; high sensitivity ; high selectivity ; nanozyme ; food hazards ; determination ; chitosan ; bioelectronic sensors ; biomedicine ; HPTLC ; bioluminescence ; herbal tea ; hypolipidemic activity ; adulteration ; NIC ; DNC ; residue ; TRFICA ; chicken muscle ; sodium metabisulfite ; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; copy paper ; AgNPs ; shrimp ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 84
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: A change from a consumer society to a sustainable and conserver society must focus on for the welfare of the planet and future generations through balance rather than by maximizing the exploitation of resources. This will bring about further growth as an option for both per capita consumption and the population. Muddled and tepid responses make it clear that the society has not developed a vision of what a truly sustainable society looks like. It is essential to bring awareness to the possibility of creating a sustainable society which will incorporate sustainable development goals (SDGs) to generate a future with more possibilities. In order to move towards a sustainable society, it is vital to provide the highest standard of wellbeing, from an environmental, human, and economic perspective. We can contribute by providing technical and scientific studies that can be accessed freely and implemented by all. These works cover the important parameters that can be addressed to achieve sustainability, such as being energetically sustainable, resource-sustainable, environmentally sustainable, fiscally sustainable, and socially sustainable.
    Keywords: corporate social responsibility ; corporate social responsibility disclosure ; organizational performance ; public sector scorecard ; sustainable process ; industry ; green technology ; effective management ; sustainable society ; scientific research ; lignocellulosic ; organosolv ; lignin ; aggregates ; purity ; concentration ; Fe nanomaterials ; Fe nanoparticles ; ferric ; ferrous ; iron ores ; synthesis methods ; sustainable water treatment ; water treatment residuals ; innovative adsorbent ; heavy metals ; acid mine drainage ; hexavalent chromium ; activated carbon ; adsorption ; anionic and cationic dyes ; palm tree fiber wastes ; recycles ; life cycle assessment ; global warming potential ; acidification potential ; eutrophication potential ; bio-plastic straws ; paper straws ; CI engine ; HHO ; response surface methodology ; prediction ; noise ; smoke ; optimization ; biogas slurry ; ion exchange resin ; ammonia nitrogen ; slow release ; electrospinning ; iron-enriched scaffold ; magnetite nanoparticles ; nanofiber ; PCL scaffold ; liver tissue engineering ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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  • 85
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint represents a general view of what and how the research on plants at the molecular level (genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and so on) contributes to a good equilibrium among human needs, food security, and future strategies for mitigating the effects of global climate changes. Now more than ever, it is critical to understand the genetics and evolution of the gene mechanisms and the networks of different molecular pathways acting on plant abiotic stress tolerance in order to find new solutions for modern agricultural problems.This reprint is full of technical and specialized terms and, for this reason, its target audience is scientists and students trained in plant functional genomics, breeding, agronomy, and genetics. It is an exciting virtual tour through plant molecular responses to various environmental stresses, and new ideas and applications will be derived.
    Keywords: environmental stress ; seed development ; site II element ; HSFA2 ; TT2/ MYB5-MBW complex ; triacontanol ; drought ; rice ; aquaporins ; PIP1,1, PIP1,2, PIP2,4 and PIP2,5 genes ; abiotic stress ; biotic stress ; crop improvement ; HD-ZIP ; plant development ; cold ; stress ; differentially expressed genes ; transcriptome ; transcription factors ; in silico ; Cis-regulatory elements ; gene transcription ; trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase ; wheat ; early heat stress ; Triticum aestivum ; heat tolerance ; VRN ; PPD ; photoperiod ; Rosmarinus officinalis Lour. ; suspension cells ; MeJA ; antioxidant enzymes ; RNA-seq ; qRT-PCR ; durum wheat ; osmotic adjustment ; QTL ; climate change ; drought tolerance ; crop modelling ; expression profiles ; field trials ; TdDRF1 gene ; Wdhn13 ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 86
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint, titled "Sustainable Crop Plants Protection: Implications for Pest and Disease Control", has become of scientific interest again for a reason: to continue its mission of advancing the science and practice of sustainable agriculture. This Special Issue delves into the multifaceted world of crop protection, exploring innovative approaches, technologies, and solutions that are pivotal for the future of agriculture. Our objectives remain as relevant today as they were when the first call went out for the Special Issue of sustainability, to shed light on sustainable pest and disease control strategies, foster scientific collaboration, and provide a platform for sharing knowledge that can transform agriculture for the better.
    Keywords: antioxidant enzymes ; extracellular enzymes ; pathogen ; reactive oxygen species ; systemic acquired resistance ; soil microbes ; microbial respiration ; organic carbon ; Phytonematodes ; soil ; machine learning ; Black Sigatoka ; Musa ; production ; banana disease ; random forest ; plant health system ; stakeholder analysis ; plant health problems ; rootstock ; grapevines ; Colomerus vitis ; oxidase ; resveratrol ; mite ; Oecophylla genus ; population abundance ; territorial foragers ; quarantine defoliators ; IPM ; biological control ; beneficial microorganisms ; microbial metabolite ; Fragaria annanasa ; time series ; data augmentation ; deep learning ; pest forecasting ; generative adversarial network (GAN) ; cypress oil ; nanoemulsion ; terpenes ; Sitophilus oryzae ; bioactivity ; biosafety ; diagnostic ; disease ; pepper ; ribonucleic acid ; survey ; viruses ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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  • 87
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The relationship between human beings and the ecological environment poses a significant global challenge for the present and the future. As human–environment interactions become more complex, it is essential to measure and understand the spatiotemporal dynamics of coupled human–environment systems and how they are influenced by social and ecological factors. This reprint offers twenty original research articles that explore the latest developments in monitoring and projecting the spatiotemporal changes of the coupled system, examining the responses of the coupled system to socio-ecological drivers and processes, and discussing the implications for the sustainable management of the coupled system.
    Keywords: green economic efficiency ; urban land development intensity ; interactive response ; urban ecosystem services ; green infrastructure ; excessive demand ; spatial priority evaluation ; urban block ; community farmers ; land reallocation intentions ; Shennongjia National Park ; structural equation model ; situational analysis ; tourism ecological security ; Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model ; spatial autocorrelation ; obstacle analysis ; Huanggang Dabieshan UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp) ; main function zone ; territorial space ; production-living-ecological space ; influencing factors ; formation mechanism ; China ; ecosystem services’ value (ESV) ; land use intensity ; spatiotemporal characteristics ; spatial correlations ; driving factors ; Hanjiang River Basin (HRB) ; land-use simulation ; landscape pattern ; habitat quality ; spatial regression ; Yellow River Basin ; Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration ; ecosystem services ; human well-being ; InVEST model ; coupling coordination degree ; arable land protection behavior ; nudging strategies ; behavioral intervention ; theoretical discussion ; Yangtze River economic belt (YREB) ; grain-planting industry ; net carbon sequestration ; carbon emission ; Gini coefficient ; rural revitalization ; evaluation ; rural revitalization demonstration area ; TOPSIS model ; geographic probe ; impact mechanism ; land-use change ; mountainous cities ; human activity intensity ; Guiyang City ; SCS-CN model ; flood adaptation ; ecological security pattern ; resilient city ; UCL ; carbon emissions ; spatial and temporal variation ; Wuhan ; eco-efficiency of land use ; the middle reaches of Yangtze River ; Super SBM-DEA model ; ecosystem services value ; slacks analysis ; territorial space planning ; land market ; factors allocation ; production–living–ecological spaces ; modernization ; neighborhood effect ; rice–crayfish integrated system ; technology adoption ; urban land use efficiency ; Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration ; improvement pathways ; county level ; InVEST ; urbanization ; coupling coordination ; Lower Yellow River ; rural community resilience ; objective built environment ; perceived built environment ; place attachment ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Our reprint consists of 13 papers. In the first five papers, the influencing factors of biodiversity and community composition are addressed. In the sixth and seventh papers, the spatial distribution patterns and drivers of arid plants under the background of global climate change are examined. The eighth paper describes leaf stoichiometry in arid zones. The ninth studies the change in carbon allocation depending on plant growth stage and the tenth deals with the use of condensed water by plants. Papers 11-13 look at the relationship between plants and soil.
    Keywords: soil aggregates ; soil structure ; soil properties ; plant characteristics ; arid desert region ; wetlands ; Yellow River Delta ; soil seed bank ; restoration ; oil contamination ; salinity ; Quercus acutissima forest ; soil physicochemical properties ; community structure ; LEfSe analysis ; driving factors ; desert ecosystem ; ecosystem function ; growing seasons ; soil CO2 emission ; spatial variation ; Quercus wutaishanica ; simple sequence repeats (SSR) ; point pattern ; diameter classes structure ; intraspecific association ; condensation water ; isotope ; Halostachys caspica ; moisture migration ; desert ecosystems ; scale ; plant diversity ; ecosystem multifunctionality ; non-structural carbon ; Quercus mongolica ; growth-reproduction-storage tradeoffs ; xeric timberline ; acclimation ; desert shrubs ; halophytes ; nutrient stoichiometry ; edaphic factors ; dryland plant ; shared socio-economic pathways ; MaxEnt ; spatial distribution pattern ; barycentre migration ; germination percentage ; Kalidium ; pH ; ion content ; total salt contents ; saline soil ; temperate forests ; nitrogen addition ; bacterial community ; fungal community ; soil microbial community ; desert plants ; shrub community ; biodiversity ; climate change ; arid region ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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  • 89
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint presents recent developments in the field of biological liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS, also known as biomolecular condensation). LLPS and related biogenesis of various membraneless organelles (MLOs) and biomolecular condensates (BMCs) represent fundamental molecular mechanisms governing the spatio-temporal organization of the intracellular space. In fact, MLOs and BMCs, being liquid droplets, represent specific compartments within a cell that are not enclosed by a lipid membrane. Most biological LLPS processes are reversible, and many MLOs/BMCs exist transiently; they rapidly emerge when conditions are changed and rapidly disintegrate as soon as the original conditions are restored, thereby showing a characteristic “now you see me, now you don’t” behavior. Numerous MLOs/BMCs are found inside eukaryotic cells, where they exist as liquid droplets (or cellular bodies, puncta, etc.) in the cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, mitochondrial matrix, and stroma of chloroplasts. Furthermore, MLOs/BMCs are commonly observed in Archaea, bacteria, and, likely, viruses. MLOs/BMCs have numerous crucial functions, and their biogenesis is known to be controlled by various external factors and environmental cues, such as changes in temperature, pH, and ionic strength of the solution. All of these have garnered the close attention of many researchers to biological LLPS, MLOs, and BMCs.
    Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease ; amyloid aggregation ; lipid bilayer ; cholesterol ; time-lapse AFM imaging ; molecular dynamics ; liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) ; membraneless organelles ; phase-separated condensates ; human diseases ; liquid–liquid phase separation ; intrinsically disordered proteins ; proteins with low complexity ; P-body ; Nst1 ; polyampholyte domain ; aggregation-prone domain ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; membrane-less organelle ; nuclear speckle ; nucleolus ; phase separation ; chromatin organization ; nuclear condensate ; intrinsically disordered region ; transcription ; DNA damage repair ; super-enhancer ; quantitative imaging ; CTP synthase ; cytoophidium ; fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) ; stimulated emission depletion (STED) ; Drosophila ; epithelium ; follicle cell ; ingression ; paramyxoviruses ; Hendra virus ; amyloid-like fibrils ; Taylor Dispersion Analysis (TDA) ; negative staining Transmission Electron Microscopy (ns-TEM) ; Polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation assays ; Congo Red ; Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) ; actin ; actin polymerization ; actin-binding proteins ; coacervate ; membrane ; signaling proteins ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The purpose of this reprint based on the Special issue "Molecules in Diabetes Melitus, Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease”, IJMS journal, MDPI, is to present the impact in clinical practice as well as in medical research of novel molecules that have been introduced in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease.
    Keywords: nicotinamide mononucleotide ; retinal ischemia/reperfusion ; oxidative stress ; neuroprotection ; inflammation ; sacubitril/valsartan ; mortality ; morbidity ; heart failure ; ejection fraction ; diabetes mellitus ; α-glucosidase ; abietane diterpenoids ; levopimaric acid ; quinopimaric acid ; molecular docking ; ADMET ; PFK15 synthesis ; sunitinib L-malate ; HUVEC ; angiogenesis ; synergy ; cardiovascular medicine ; diabetes ; hypertension ; GIP ; GLP-1 ; glucagon ; incretins ; LY3298176 ; meta-analysis ; obesity ; SUMMIT ; SURMOUNT ; SURPASS ; SYNERGY ; Tirzepatide ; common carotid artery occlusion ; retinal ischemia ; dyslipidemia ; statin ; children ; adolescents ; metabolic syndrome ; liver ; hsa-miR-193b-3p ; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha ; lipid metabolism ; n/a ; empagliflozin ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; leptin ; sphingolipids ; sphingomyelinase ; vasorelaxation ; endothelial nitric oxide synthase ; type 2 diabetes ; thromboxane prostanoid receptor ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 91
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The salinity of soil and water is a problem present in all continents, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Worldwide data indicate that 20% of the total cultivated area (upland and irrigated) and 33% of irrigated agricultural land are affected by excess salts in the soil. Furthermore, a significant number of the water sources in these regions, notably groundwater, have high concentrations of salts, which is a limiting factor for agricultural production. On the other hand, the growing demand for food because of population increases, the scarcity of water resources and land for the expansion of agriculture, and global climate change scenarios indicate the need to use these saline resources. In this context, biosaline and HALO agriculture appear to be some of the sustainable tools to increase food production and create job opportunities and sources of income for farmers. In this Special Issue, successful examples of biosaline agriculture in different parts of the world are presented, as well as studies on crop tolerance to salinity, strategies to mitigate salt stress, and the bio-remediation of salt-affected soils. Therefore, this Special Issue brings relevant contributions to sustainable agriculture using saline resources, and the published knowledge can be useful for students, professionals, and farmers.
    Keywords: Salinity ; Salt-tolerance ; Gene Expression ; qRT-PCR ; Ion Analysis ; Soil Salinity ; Recycled Water ; Water Use Efficiency ; Osmotic Stress ; Ionic Stress ; Glycophyte ; Halophyte ; Salicylic Acid, Post-harvest Quality ; Brackish Water ; Groundwater ; Biosaline Agriculture ; Semi-arid ; Climate Change ; Maize ; Sorghum ; Passionfruit ; Acid Lime ; Japanese Cucumber ; Barley ; Atriplex ; Stomatal regulation ; Tropical drylands ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: A combination of dry lab bioinformatic analyses and wet lab molecular experiments seems to be a major trend for biological studies. The authors of the papers included in this reprint tried to elucidate the linkage between environmental stress and molecular response, and the species investigated in each of the articles are phylogenetically and agriculturally diverse. These exemplar studies will potentially ignite more ideas and biological stories to investigate gene functions.
    Keywords: rice ; grain size ; QTL ; BSA-seq ; splicing ; additive effects ; alternative splicing ; GWAS ; proteogenomics ; Zea mays L. ; plant genotype ; plant–microbe interaction ; microbiome assembly ; post-transcriptional regulation ; alkaloids ; ascorbate ; phytohormones ; lipids ; metabolism ; phenylpropanoids ; plants ; starch ; terpenoids ; FtHDACs ; genome-wide ; low-temperature responses ; Tartary buckwheat ; microRNA ; moderate soil drying ; inferior spikelets ; MACP2 ; membrane attack complex/perforin-like protein ; pathogen infection ; salicylic acid signaling ; indole glucosinolates ; PpRNH1A ; heat stress (HS) ; lipid droplets ; Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens ; Brassica napus ; transcription factors ; nutrient stress ; transcriptomic analysis ; miRNA ; galanthamine ; Lycoris ; SWATH-MS ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 93
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Although cardiovascular outcomes have significantly improved due to early diagnosis and timely treatment, the prevalence of CVD is expected to increase in the coming years, highlighting the pressing need to identify novel biomarkers and disease-modifying treatments. In addition to classical risk factors, CVD burden is now recognized to be aggravated due to the growing population of cancer survivors treated with cardiotoxic cancer therapies or radiotherapy, which has fostered the development of a new field of research—cardio-oncology. Across the spectrum of CVD, multiple molecular pathways converge in endothelial dysfunction and myocardial remodeling, including inflammation, oxidative stress, defective calcium homeostasis, intercellular communication, and metabolic abnormalities. Therefore, a major future challenge in cardiovascular medicine lies in understanding the molecular basis of cardiac and valvular remodeling, paving the way for the identification of more efficient diagnostic and therapeutic tools. This Special Issue intended to bring together the latest findings in the field of cardiovascular biology and cardio-oncology, involving both cell-based studies and animal models of CVD, aiming to identify novel mechanisms underlying cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.
    Keywords: cardiovascular biology ; myocardial infarction ; cardiac remodeling ; atherosclerosis ; heart failure ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The present reprint aimed to present original research articles and reviews concerning the following:Access: affordability, allocation, and preference of food;Availability: the production, distribution, and exchange of food;Circularity in food systems at local, regional, or global levels;The development, impact, and ethics of novel and data-driven technologies in food systems;Food security and policy, governance, institutions, and trade;Influencing food consumption and demand regarding the food environment;The stability and dynamics of food security aspects;Sustainable food systems and agro-ecological food production;Utilization: the nutritional value, social value, and safety of food.
    Keywords: check-all-that-apply (CATA) ; glucomannan ; hedonic scale ; bread ; gluten-free ; war ; conflict ; Ukraine ; Russia ; food security ; export restrictions ; food supply ; SDG ; food consumption ; income heterogeneity ; future perspective ; China ; EASI demand system model ; dynamic simulation ; food safety policy ; central and local government ; text mining ; cluster analysis ; LDA ; innovation ; food ; aged care ; healthcare ; sustainability ; artificial meat ; technology ; market ; risk ; regulatory system ; review ; sustainable food supply chains ; agri-food sector ; policy recommendation ; plant-based ; meat substitutes ; nutritional composition ; ingredients ; affordability ; Bangladesh ; cost of recommended diets ; food-based dietary guidelines ; potential markets ; improved forages ; food systems ; forage hybrids ; nutrition ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease that starts in utero. It is caused by a defective protein called the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and while the effects are seen throughout the body, changes in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and liver primarily impact nutritional status. Survival and pulmonary function have been linked to nutritional status. Malnutrition and growth failure were historically the hallmark of disease. Patients with pancreatic insufficiency require pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy and fat-soluble vitamin supplements. With improvements in many areas including newborn screening, nutrition supplements, pancreatic enzymes, CFTR modulator drugs, inhaled antibiotics and mucolytics, life expectancy has increased. In this issue, we will review the latest information in children and adults regarding important factors that play a role in optimizing nutrition status, including body composition, the gut microbiome, food security, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, growth and bone health, and micronutrient abnormalities. Pediatric and adult providers both need to be aware of the nuances of care as more patients with CF become adults. Optimizing nutritional status, anticipating and preventing the complications of CF will result in best management practice.
    Keywords: &nbsp ; Cystic Fibrosis&nbsp ; ;&nbsp ; Micronutrient&nbsp ; CF transmembrane conductance regulator;&nbsp ; Malnutrition&nbsp ; Gut microbiome&nbsp ; CF related diabetes&nbsp ; Bone health;&nbsp ; Body composition;&nbsp ; Diet;&nbsp ; Nutrition;&nbsp ; Exercise;&nbsp ; Physical Activity ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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  • 96
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: For this Special Issue, research leaders in sports nutrition were approached and invited to submit current reviews in their areas of expertise. The topics are novel and wide-ranging, and include updates and insights on protein, dietary patterns, and nutritional interventions to support sleep, older athletes, and sports performance; pre-exercise nutrition; supplementation with betaine, iron, and creatine; and sports nutrition research methodologies for body composition and muscle glycogen analysis. A major emphasis in all of the papers was a focus on strengths and weaknesses for various sports nutrition strategies, and insights for future research. This Special Issue on sports nutrition provided current updates in many core areas, with insights from leading experts for future research. Hopefully, scientific understanding will be advanced as these ideas are converted into novel research designs and discoveries.
    Keywords: osmolyte ; heat shock proteins ; gut permeability ; heat stress ; thermoregulation ; cycling ; running ; carbohydrate ; adaptations ; periodization ; fasting ; low energy availability ; RED-S ; iron deficiency ; ketogenic diets ; hepcidin ; exercise ; diet ; fat ; protein ; reactive oxygen species ; creatine supplementation ; antioxidants ; DXA ; ultrasound ; bioelectrical ; impedance ; scanning ; plethysmography ; densitometry ; athlete ; monitoring ; aging ; cardiorespiratory system ; hormones ; masters athletes ; muscle ; nutrition ; protein supplementation ; training ; concurrent training ; sleep ; athletes ; recovery ; team-sport ; macronutrients ; supplements ; plants ; complete ; incomplete ; fat-free mass ; training adaptations ; performance ; carbohydrate loading ; creatine loading ; vastus lateralis ; glycogen depletion ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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  • 97
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint presents information to update the state-of-the-art knowledge on young, professional or recreational, male and female athletes. Moreover, it addresses current gaps in the literature on issues that have an impact on athletes (e.g., Crohn’s disease, Olympic weightlifting, and velocity speed loss). Importantly, this reprint contributes to knowledge on how to improve load monitoring (of training and competition) and health care for athletes through direct or indirect research.
    Keywords: football ; male ; training ; youth ; RPE ; GPS ; running ; high-speed running ; sprint ; performance ; load monitoring ; match load ; player load ; long-term ; talent identification ; team sport ; multivariate analysis ; electromyography ; lower trapezius ; muscle strength ; shoulder kinematics ; sports injuries ; psychological factors ; Bayesian network ; sport metabolomics ; oxidative stress ; hormone signalling ; adiponectin ; basketball ; n/a ; correlation ; external intensity ; inertial device ; internal intensity ; perceived exertion ; SIATE ; agility ; soccer ; flexibility ; predictors ; outcome ; strength ; power ; reactive strength ; players ; plyometric training ; resistance training ; external load ; contextual variables ; amateur ; home match ; away match ; combat sports ; elite athletes ; rapid weight loss ; extreme weight loss ; weight management ; female ; Hooper Index ; internal load ; load ; match ; training load ; inflammation ; bowel ; malnutrition ; physical activity ; high-intensity interval training ; sport ; mental load ; Stroop ; triathlon ; sports medicine ; sports physiology ; female athlete ; VO2 max ; ultra-endurance ; bone mass density ; bone remodelling markers ; bone formation ; bone resorption ; athlete ; exercise ; injury ; aquatic training ; bicycling training ; meniscal allograft transplantation ; rehabilitation ; dynamic balance ; range of motion ; external training load ; technology ; wearable inertial measurement units ; heart rate ; monitoring ; sports technology ; load quantification ; competition phases ; exercise monitoring ; athletic performance ; reproducibility ; coping with stress ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; cross-cultural research ; blood flow restriction ; body composition ; low-intensity aerobic training ; recreational runner ; physical fitness ; vascular responses ; isometric ; jump ; stability ; static balance ; Clean and Jerk ; Olympic exercises ; Power Clean ; Snatch ; Squat ; weightlifting derivatives ; physical exercise ; saliva ; metabolomics ; proteomics ; sex ; hearing-impaired ; skill ; inspiratory muscle training ; center of pressure ; soccer players ; velocity–based training ; one–repetition maximum ; maximum strength ; training efficiency ; ports physiology ; women ; maximal aerobic speed ; athletics ; sprint/power athletes ; endurance athletes ; VDR ; rs2228570 polymorphism ; personality trials ; Big Five ; resilience ; athletes ; car drivers ; mindfulness ; awareness ; psychosocial variables ; fast day ; adaptation ; lifestyle ; men ; mental health ; interlimb ; symmetry ; injury risk ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 98
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint covers different aspects of the West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne pathogen that belongs to the Flavivirus genus (family Flaviviridae). The virus is maintained in nature in a rural cycle between mosquito vectors, mainly Culex species, and avian hosts. Spillover from this cycle occasionally results in outbreaks in horses and humans. In severe cases, the infection can induce neurological signs, such as meningitis and encephalitis, and in some cases, it can lead to death. The virus has spread across the world in this century, including its expansion in the Americas since 1999, and an increase in the number of outbreaks and its severity has been observed in Europe in recent years. Considering all these aspects, an approach including public, animal and environmental health is the best option to increase the knowledge of this problem, making this disease an excellent example of a “One Health” issue. Bearing in mind this multidisciplinary aspect, the volume includes contributions related to the pathogenesis, vaccines, diagnosis and epidemiology of the virus both in humans and animals.
    Keywords: arbovirus ; emerging infectious diseases ; zoonotic ; West Nile ; lineages 1 and 2 ; France ; West Nile virus (WNV) ; Usutu virus (USUV) ; flavivirus ; external quality assessment (EQA) ; MediLabSecure ; diagnostics ; PCR ; ELISA ; West Nile virus ; human vaccines ; animal vaccines ; horses ; South Africa ; epidemiology ; emerging disease ; encephalitis ; neurotropic virus ; zoonosis ; Koutango lineage ; high virulence ; sandflies ; Niger ; Usutu virus ; mosquito-borne infections ; human ; West Nile virus lineage 1 ; pathogenesis ; neurovirulence ; red-legged partridge ; antigen distribution ; inflammatory reaction ; antibody ; seroprevalence ; Italy ; genomic monitoring ; molecular detection ; Brazil ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
    Language: English
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  • 99
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint focuses on the mechanisms of crop response to abiotic stresses and quality formation, which are an important basis for breeding high-quality and stress-resistant varieties, especially addressing global climate change. In addition, crop adversity adaptability is closely related to the quality of agricultural products. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that crops use to respond to environmental changes is of great significance to improve their quality.
    Keywords: Crop Quality ; Crop Physiology ; Crop Breeding ; Adversity Stress ; Stress Adaptation ; Fatty Acids ; Molecular Biology ; Gene Expression ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue of Biomolecules, “Physics of Protein Folding, Misfolding, and Intrinsic Disorder: A Themed Issue in Honour of Professor Vladimir Uversky on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday”, is a dedication to one of the discoverers of IDPs. This collection is a small token of the respect, admiration, and affection the contributors have for Prof. Vladimir (Volodya) Uversky. It is also a celebration of his illustrious career, and his accomplishments, and contributions to the IDP field that have inspired so many minds worldwide. This Special Issue presents the state of the art as it emerges from the contribution of the community of IDP researchers (IDPers), who have responded to the invitation to give credit to the pioneering work of Prof. Vladimir Uversky aimed at defining the class of disordered proteins and at promoting the attention of scientists toward the existence of “non-globular proteins”. The papers in this collection show the advancement of our knowledge through the application of an integrative structural approach and witnesses at the same time the interest of the IDPer community toward new concepts (i.e., liquid-liquid phase separation) and new methodological frontiers (i.e., the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence to disorder prediction and modelling).
    Keywords: charge clustering ; polyelectrolytes ; average shape of conformational ensembles ; charged-residue patterning ; hydrodynamic radius ; solvent-accessible surface area ; proline content ; conformational compactness ; ellipsoid model ; intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) ; intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDRs) ; LC–MS/MS ; IUPred analysis ; Ostrinia nubilalis ; cold hardiness ; intrinsic disorder ; intrinsically disordered proteins ; intrinsic disordered regions ; disorder scale ; disorder propensity ; amino acids ; amino acid bias ; predictive performance ; disorder prediction ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; IDP ; RNA ; NMR ; pH ; liquid-liquid phase separation ; protein solubility ; protein disorder ; mutations ; bioinformatics ; kinetics ; fluorescence ; site-directed mutagenesis ; protein–protein interactions ; SH2 domains ; Crkl ; Paxillin ; Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle ; conditionally disordered protein ; history of modern science ; metabolism regulation ; moonlighting protein ; protein-protein interaction ; biomolecular condensates ; machine learning ; predictor ; physical interactions ; phase separation ; liquid–liquid phase separation ; biomineralization ; calcium carbonate ; otoliths ; nucleation pathways ; nickel ; intrinsically disordered regions ; lung cancer ; nmr ; isothermal titration calorimetry ; circular dichroism ; light scattering ; Dss1 ; intrinsically disordered protein ; IDPs ; molecular dynamics ; sequence composition ; SAXS ; membrane-less organelles ; stress ; long foldable segments ; pyHCA ; soluble domains ; protein sequence ; conditional order ; hidden order ; dark proteomes ; intrinsically disordered domains ; coexistence line ; tumor suppressor p53 ; intramolecular interaction ; salt-dependent binding affinity ; counterion condensation theory ; DNA binding ; fluorescence anisotropy ; van’t Hoff ; protein purification ; affinity chromatography ; Tau ; androgen receptor (AF1) ; isoform ; large-scale analysis ; protein structure ; AlphaFold ; canonical protein ; alpha-synuclein ; membrane ; synaptic vesicle ; synapsin ; Parkinson’s ; Myc ; drug targets ; SLiM ; small-molecule inhibitors ; glutamate receptor ; discrete molecular dynamics ; single molecule fluorescence ; integrative structural biology ; unfolded ; unstructured ; flexible ; protein function ; polymer physics ; percolation ; entanglement ; topology ; polymer rheology ; D/E repeats ; K/R repeats ; molecular dynamics simulations ; hub proteins ; multivalency ; transcription factor ; linker length ; heterogeneity ; dimers ; duplexes ; coarse-grained simulation ; molecular mass ; LLPS stability ; FUS ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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