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  • Humans
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
  • Polymer and Materials Science
  • thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography
  • White Rose University Press  (3)
  • Logos Verlag Berlin  (2)
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  • 1
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    Unknown
    White Rose University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Star Carr is one of the most important Mesolithic sites in Europe. It was discovered in the late 1940s by John Moore and then excavated by Grahame Clark from 1949-1951, becoming famous in the archaeological world for the wealth of rare organic remains uncovered including barbed antler points and antler headdresses. However, since the original excavations there has been much debate about how the site was used: was it a residential base camp, a hunting camp or even a ritual site? From 2003-2015, excavations directed by Conneller, Milner and Taylor aimed to answer these questions. This work has demonstrated that the site is much larger and more complex than ever imagined and was in use for around 800 years. The excavations show that Mesolithic groups were highly invested in this place: there is evidence for a number of structures on the dryland (the oldest evidence for ‘houses’ in Britain), three large wooden platforms along the edge of the lake, and the deposition of rare artefacts into the lake edge, including more antler headdresses and a unique, engraved shale pendant. People continued to occupy the site despite changes in climate over this period. The main results of our work are contained in two volumes: the first provides an interpretation of the site, and the second provides detail on specific areas of research. The main results of our work are contained in two volumes: the first volume provides an interpretation of the site, and the second volume provides detail on specific areas of research.
    Keywords: Archaeology ; Geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: To better understand the ancient Nabataean capital of Petra, it is important to consider its rural surroundings as well. The city's unfavorable geostrategic location makes this already clear: Situated in a deep valley and flanked by high mountain ranges, Petra's urban development was only possible through a well-structured organization of its surrounding landscape. This study presents a first comprehensive archaeological and culture-historical characterization of the Petraean hinterland and researches overall strategies of the spatial organization of the city's rural environs. Based on an extensive set of archaeological survey data from the Petra region, this study explores a variety of archaeological site types and features diachronically. While the main chronological focus is clearly set on the Nabataean and Roman periods, it also considers the preceding Iron Age and Hellenistic periods, as well as the subsequent Byzantine period. The aim is to examine rural settlement patterns and subsistence strategies, aspects of rural water management, the extensive infrastructural network, the funerary and religious landscape, the military disposition, as well as the industrial potential of rural Petra. Following a unique landscape archaeological approach, this study provides a differentiated analysis of the various archaeological sites and features for a broad, regional understanding of the Petraean hinterland and offers new insights into the socio-political and administrative, military, economic and infrastructural development of Terra Petraea through time. Um die antike Nabatäerhauptstadt, Petra, besser verstehen zu können, muss man auch das Umland der Stadt in Betracht ziehen. Allein die geostrategisch ungünstige Lage Petras macht dies schon deutlich: In einem tiefen Tal gelegen und umgeben von steilen Gebirgsketten, war die Entwicklung der Stadt nur durch eine gut funktionierende Organisation der umliegenden Landschaft möglich. Diese Arbeit untersucht diesen Aspekt näher und legt eine erste, umfassende archäologische und kulturhistorische Charakterisierung des Umlandes von Petra vor und erforscht allgemeine Strategien zur räumlichen Organisation des peträischen Hinterlandes. Sie stützt sich dabei auf extensive archäologische Surveydaten aus der Petra-Region und untersucht eine Vielzahl von archäologischen Fundstellen und Gattungen diachron. Der chronologische Schwerpunkt liegt eindeutig auf der nabatäischen und römischen Periode. Es werden aber auch die vorangehende eisenzeitliche und hellenistische Periode sowie die nachfolgende byzantinische Zeit berücksichtigt. Ziel ist es, ländliche Siedlungsmuster und Subsistenzstrategien, Aspekte des ländlichen Wassermanagements, das infrastrukturelle Netzwerk, die funeräre und religiöse Landschaft, die militärische Disposition sowie das industrielle Potential des peträischen Umlandes zu untersuchen. Mit einem bisher einzigartigen landschaftsarchäologischen Ansatz, bietet diese Arbeit eine differenzierte Analyse der archäologischen Daten, um ein breites Verständnis der räumlichen Organisation des peträischen Hinterlandes zu ermäglichen. Es sollen dabei neue Erkenntnisse in die sozio-politische und administrative, militärische, wirtschaftliche und infrastrukturelle Entwicklung der Terra Petraea im Laufe der Zeit geboten werden.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Archaeology ; Science ; Earth Sciences ; Geography ; Science ; Earth Sciences ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Unknown
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: To better understand the ancient Nabataean capital of Petra, it is important to consider its rural surroundings as well. The city's unfavorable geostrategic location makes this already clear: Situated in a deep valley and flanked by high mountain ranges, Petra's urban development was only possible through a well-structured organization of its surrounding landscape. This study presents a first comprehensive archaeological and culture-historical characterization of the Petraean hinterland and researches overall strategies of the spatial organization of the city's rural environs. Based on an extensive set of archaeological survey data from the Petra region, this study explores a variety of archaeological site types and features diachronically. While the main chronological focus is clearly set on the Nabataean and Roman periods, it also considers the preceding Iron Age and Hellenistic periods, as well as the subsequent Byzantine period. The aim is to examine rural settlement patterns and subsistence strategies, aspects of rural water management, the extensive infrastructural network, the funerary and religious landscape, the military disposition, as well as the industrial potential of rural Petra. Following a unique landscape archaeological approach, this study provides a differentiated analysis of the various archaeological sites and features for a broad, regional understanding of the Petraean hinterland and offers new insights into the socio-political and administrative, military, economic and infrastructural development of Terra Petraea through time. Um die antike Nabatäerhauptstadt, Petra, besser verstehen zu können, muss man auch das Umland der Stadt in Betracht ziehen. Allein die geostrategisch ungünstige Lage Petras macht dies schon deutlich: In einem tiefen Tal gelegen und umgeben von steilen Gebirgsketten, war die Entwicklung der Stadt nur durch eine gut funktionierende Organisation der umliegenden Landschaft möglich. Diese Arbeit untersucht diesen Aspekt näher und legt eine erste, umfassende archäologische und kulturhistorische Charakterisierung des Umlandes von Petra vor und erforscht allgemeine Strategien zur räumlichen Organisation des peträischen Hinterlandes. Sie stützt sich dabei auf extensive archäologische Surveydaten aus der Petra-Region und untersucht eine Vielzahl von archäologischen Fundstellen und Gattungen diachron. Der chronologische Schwerpunkt liegt eindeutig auf der nabatäischen und römischen Periode. Es werden aber auch die vorangehende eisenzeitliche und hellenistische Periode sowie die nachfolgende byzantinische Zeit berücksichtigt. Ziel ist es, ländliche Siedlungsmuster und Subsistenzstrategien, Aspekte des ländlichen Wassermanagements, das infrastrukturelle Netzwerk, die funeräre und religiöse Landschaft, die militärische Disposition sowie das industrielle Potential des peträischen Umlandes zu untersuchen. Mit einem bisher einzigartigen landschaftsarchäologischen Ansatz, bietet diese Arbeit eine differenzierte Analyse der archäologischen Daten, um ein breites Verständnis der räumlichen Organisation des peträischen Hinterlandes zu ermäglichen. Es sollen dabei neue Erkenntnisse in die sozio-politische und administrative, militärische, wirtschaftliche und infrastrukturelle Entwicklung der Terra Petraea im Laufe der Zeit geboten werden.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Archaeology ; Science ; Earth Sciences ; Geography ; Science ; Earth Sciences ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences
    Language: English
    Format: image/jpeg
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    White Rose University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Star Carr is one of the most important Mesolithic sites in Europe. It was discovered in the late 1940s by John Moore and then excavated by Grahame Clark from 1949-1951, becoming famous in the archaeological world for the wealth of rare organic remains uncovered including barbed antler points and antler headdresses. However, since the original excavations there has been much debate about how the site was used: was it a residential base camp, a hunting camp or even a ritual site? From 2003-2015, excavations directed by Conneller, Milner and Taylor aimed to answer these questions. This work has demonstrated that the site is much larger and more complex than ever imagined and was in use for around 800 years. The excavations show that Mesolithic groups were highly invested in this place: there is evidence for a number of structures on the dryland (the oldest evidence for ‘houses’ in Britain), three large wooden platforms along the edge of the lake, and the deposition of rare artefacts into the lake edge, including more antler headdresses and a unique, engraved shale pendant. People continued to occupy the site despite changes in climate over this period. The main results of our work are contained in two volumes: the first provides an interpretation of the site, and the second provides detail on specific areas of research. The main results of our work are contained in two volumes: the first volume provides an interpretation of the site, and the second volume provides detail on specific areas of research.
    Keywords: Archaeology ; Geography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: English
    Format: image/jpeg
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    White Rose University Press | White Rose University Press
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: In Hidden Depths, Professor Penny Spikins explores how our emotional connections have shaped human ancestry. Focusing on three key transitions in human origins, Professor Spikins explains how the emotional capacities of our early ancestors evolved in response to ecological changes, much like similar changes in other social mammals. For each transition, dedicated chapters examine evolutionary pressures, responses in changes in human emotional capacities and the archaeological evidence for human social behaviours. Starting from our earliest origins, in Part One, Professor Spikins explores how after two million years ago, movement of human ancestors into a new ecological niche drove new types of collaboration, including care for vulnerable members of the group. Emotional adaptations lead to cognitive changes, as new connections based on compassion, generosity, trust and inclusion also changed our relationship to material things. Part Two explores a later key transition in human emotional capacities occurring after 300,000 years ago. At this time changes in social tolerance allowed ancestors of our own species to further reach out beyond their local group and care about distant allies, making human communities resilient to environmental changes. An increasingly close relationship to animals, and even to cherished possessions, appeared at this time, and can be explained through new human vulnerabilities and ways of seeking comfort and belonging. Lastly, Part Three focuses on the contrasts in emotional dispositions arising between ourselves and our close cousins, the Neanderthals. Neanderthals are revealed as equally caring yet emotionally different humans, who might, if things had been different, have been in our place today. This new narrative breaks away from traditional views of human evolution as exceptional or as a linear progression towards a more perfect form. Instead, our evolutionary history is situated within similar processes occurring in other mammals, and explained as one in which emotions, rather than ‘intellect’, were key to our evolutionary journey. Moreover, changes in emotional capacities and dispositions are seen as part of differing pathways each bringing strengths, weaknesses and compromises. These hidden depths provide an explanation for many of the emotional sensitivities and vulnerabilities which continue to influence our world today.
    Keywords: Human demography ; Group size ; Lithic transfers ; Raw material movements ; Bonobos ; Dog burial ; Comfort ; Symbolic objects ; Symbolism ; Mobiliary art ; Attachment fluidity ; Hypersociability ; Human-animal relationships ; Dog domestication ; Attachment object ; Approachability ; Approach behaviour ; Avoidance behaviour ; Androgens ; Physiological responses ; Cognitive Archaeology ; Autism Spectrum Condition ; Handaxe ; Biface ; Neurodiversity ; Palaeolithic stone tools ; Evolution of neurodiversity ; Rock art ; Ice age art ; Material Culture ; Cultural transmission ; Emotional commitment ; Biopsychosocial approach ; Social tolerance ; Attachment ; Genus Homo ; Acheulian ; Cultural evolution ; Skeletal abnormality ; Injury ; Illness ; Interdependence ; Emotional sensitivity ; Moral emotions ; Evolution of Altruism ; Hominins ; Upper Palaeolithic ; Lower Palaeolithic ; Ecological niche ; Selective pressure ; Behavioural ecology ; Wolves ; Affective empathy ; Cognitive empathy ; Theory of mind ; Human Cognition ; Vulnerability ; Evolutionary Psychology ; Developmental psychology ; Helping behaviours ; Social cognition ; Social mammals ; Human Emotion ; Human social collaboration ; Generosity ; Emotional brain ; Social emotions ; Comparative behaviour ; Evolution ; Social carnivores ; Primate behavioural ecology ; Primate social systems ; Human Evolution ; Human ancestors ; Collaboration ; Evolutionary Biology ; Emotional vulnerability ; Social connection ; Decolonisation ; Social networks ; Middle Palaeolithic ; Community resilience ; Convergent evolution ; Chimpanzee ; Origin of modern humans ; Social safeness ; Wolf domestication ; Cherished possessions ; Compensatory attachment ; Loneliness ; Palaeolithic art ; Stress reactivity ; Bonding hormones ; Humans ; Hunter-gatherers ; Intergroup collaboration ; Tolerance ; Emotional connection ; Autism ; Trust ; Early Prehistory ; Palaeopathology ; Origins of healthcare ; Human self-domestication ; Palaeolithic Archaeology ; Social brain ; Care-giving ; Empathy ; Neanderthals ; Compassion ; Social Connection ; Evolution of Emotions ; Human Origins ; Adaptation ; Prehistory ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HD Archaeology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWQ Revolutionary groups & movements ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology
    Language: English
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