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  • Articles  (27)
  • mercury
  • risk assessment
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (26)
  • Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute  (1)
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  • Articles  (27)
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  • 1
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    Identification of sensitive and impacted area in Khuzestan creeks by using of ecological and biological indices (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Khorramshar, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was to identify of impacted area, sediment contamination and ecological risk assessment in Mahshahr creeks in Khure Musa ares......
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: risk assessment ; Heavy metal ; Sediments ; Biological indices
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Not Known
    Format: 163pp.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction and evaluation of a metal ion biosensor (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 945-952 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: metal ion biosensor ; bioluminescence ; mer-lux genetic construction ; mercury ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Escherichia coli, genetically engineered with a mercury(II)-sensitive promoter and the lux genes from Vibrio fischeri, were used as microbial bioluminescent sensors for the detection of mercury. Evaluation of this genetic construction was carried out by determining the effects of various parameters on cell suspensions maintained at constant conditions in a small 100-mL vessel. The strongest light intensities and quickest induction times occurred with cells in the midexponential growth phase maintained at 28°C, concentrated to 1 × 109 cells/mL, mixed at very fast speeds, and aerated at 2 vvm (volume of air per volume of culture per minute) during light measurement in the small vessel. The cells were sensitive to the mercuric ion in the range of 20 nM to 4 μM (4 to 800 ppb), and the total response time was on the order of 1 hour, depending on the above parameters. The cells exhibited great specificity for mercury. The cells had almost equal specificity for organic and inorganic forms of the mercuric ion and responded more weakly to the mercurous ion. A simple, inexpensive, durable miniature probe (3 mL) was constructed and operated using the optimum parameters found in the small vessel as a guide. The range of sensitivity to the mercuric ion detected in the probe was 10 nM to 4 μM when aeration was provided. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260420805
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid Phase Microextraction and GC-MIP-AED for the Speciation Analysis of Organomercury Compounds (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 22 (1999), S. 181-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; microwave induced emission spectrometry ; speciation ; mercury ; SPME, headspace SPME ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---No abstract
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
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    Breast cytology and biomarkers obtained by random fine needle aspiration: Use in risk assessment and early chemoprevention trials (1997)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 67 (1997), S. 101-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: biomarker ; breast ; breast cancer development ; chemoprevention ; clinical trials ; cytology ; ER ; EGFR ; fine needle aspiration ; FNA ; HER-2/neu ; high risk ; p53 ; ploidy ; risk assessment ; surrogate endpoint ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: In a prospective pilot study, we performed breast fine needle aspirations (FNAs) on 224 high-risk and 30 low-risk women and analyzed these aspirates for cytologic changes and biomarker abnormalities of aneuploidy and overexpressed estrogen receptor (ER), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p53 and HER-2/neu. High-risk women had a first-degree relative with breast cancer (74%), prior biopsy indicating premalignant breast disease (25%), a history of breast cancer (13%), or some multiple of these risk factors (12%). Median ages of the high- and low-risk groups were 44 and 42, respectively. Seventy percent of high-risk and 17% of low-risk women had cytologic evidence of hyperplasia with or without atypia (P〈. 0001). Aneuploidy and overexpression of EGFR and p53 occurred in 27, 37, and 29% of high-risk subjects but only 0, 3, and 3% of low-risk subjects (P〈. 0023). Overexpression of ER and HER-2/neu occurred in 7 and 20% of high-risk women but in none of the low-risk subjects. Biomarker abnormalities were more frequent with increasing cytologic abnormality. Restricting the analysis to those 3 biomarkers most frequently overexpressed in the high-risk group (ploidy, EGFR, p53), 13% of high-risk women with normal cytology, 19% of high-risk women with epithelial hyperplasia, and 49% of high-risk women with hyperplasia with atypia had abnormalities of 2 or more of these 3 biomarkers (P =. 00004). At a median follow-up of 32 months, four women have been diagnosed with invasive cancer and two with ductal carcinomain situ (DCIS). Later detection of these neoplastic conditions was associated (P ≤. 016) by univariate analysis with prior FNA evidence of hyperplasia with atypia; overexpression of p53 and EGFR; the modified Gail risk of breast cancer development at 10 years; and multiple biomarker abnormalities. By multivariate analysis, later detection of cancer was primarily predicted by the number of biomarker abnormalities in the 3-test battery (P=. 0005) and secondarily by the Gail risk at 10 years (P =. 0049). In turn, hyperplasia with atypia was associated with multiple biomarker abnormalities, particularly p53 and EGFR overexpression. Thus, hyperplasia with atypia and cytologic markers in breast FNAs have promise as risk predictors and as surrogate endpoint biomarkers for breast cancer chemoprevention trials. J. Cell. Biochem. Suppls. 28/29:101-110. Published 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical aspects of risk in women with endometrial carcinoma (1995)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 59 (1995), S. 131-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Clinical features ; endometrial carcinoma ; risk assessment ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Carcinoma of the endometrium is the most common gynecologic malignancy, expected to account for 33,000 new cases and 6,000 deaths in 1995. Most endometrial cancers occur in postmenopausal women and produce abnormal vaginal bleeding. Some women exhibit the premalignant changes of atypical endometrial hyperplasia before developing an overt carcinoma. Identified epidemiologic risk factors include obesity, diabetes mellitus, use of unopposed exogenous estrogens, estrogen-secreting tumors, and a reproductive history characterized by prolonged estrogenic predominance. Diagnosis can be readily established by outpatient endometrial biopsy. Because clinical estimates of disease extent and spread are subject to substantial error, endometrial cancer is now a surgically staged neoplasm. A well-defined set of surgicopathologic risk factors have been incorporated into the staging scheme. Women with extrauterine disease comprise about 20% of cases and are at greatest risk for tumor recurrence and death from disease. Within the much larger group of women whose tumors are limited to the uterus, recurrence risk can be stratified by cytologic grade, cell type, depth of myometrial invasion, and extension to the cervix. About two-thirds of women have low-risk disease confined to the uterus when these criteria are employed, while the remaining one-third have high-risk subtypes. Recent areas of investigation have focused on molecular and genetic markers. Two clinical observations currently being examined are the poorer survival of Black women with uterine cancer and the apparent association of endometrial lesions with chronic tamoxifen suppression in women with breast carcinomas.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240590917
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion-selective langmuir blodgett films of a chromoionophore (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 5 (1995), S. 137-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: sensor ; Langmuir-Blodgett film ; chromoionophore ; crown ether ; complex formation ; stability constant ; absorbance ; water ; metal cation ; silver ; mercury ; lead ; barium ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Langmuir-Blodgett films built up from an amphiphilic derivative of benzothiazolium styryl dye containing a 1,10-dithia-18-crown-6 ether group have been found to complex with ‘soft’ polarisable ions such as Ag+ and Hg2+ in water. The films exhibited high sensitivity (stability constant of complex formation K ≈ 105 M-1) and high selectivity (e.g. K(Ag+)/K(Pb2+)〉 105) compared with aqueous solutions of similar ionophores. This was attributed to the predominant formation of complexes with ligand-cation stoichiometries of 2:1 in the films.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860050302
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial resistances to mercury and copper (1991)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 46 (1991), S. 106-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: copper ; heavy metal ; ion transport ; mercury ; resistance ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Heavy metals are toxic to living organisms. Some have no known beneficial biological function, while others have essential roles in physiological reactions. Mechanisms which deal with heavy metal stress must protect against the deleterious effects of heavy metals, yet avoid depleting the cell of a heavy metal which is also an essential nutrient. We describe the mechanims of resistance in Escherichia coli to two different heavy metals, mercury and copper. Resistance of E. coli to mercury is reasonably well understood and is known to occur by transport of mercuric ions into the cytoplasmic compartment of the bacterial cell and subsequent reductive detoxification of mercuric ions. Recent mutational analysis has started to uncover the mechanistic detail of the mercuric ion transport processes, and has shown the essential nature of cysteine residues in transport of Hg(II). Resistance to copper is much less well understood, but is known to involve the increased export of copper from the bacterial cell and modification of the copper; the details of the process are still being elucidated.Expression of both metal resistance determinants is regulated by the corresponding cation. In each case the response enables the maintenance of cellular homeostasis for the metal. The conclusions drawn allow us to make testable predictions about the regulation of expression of resistance to other heavy metals.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240460204
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CdHgO2: Ein Oxomercurat mit Verwandtschaft zur Crednerit-StrukturProfessor Wilhelm Preetz zum 60. Geburtstage gewidmet (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 1137-1141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Cadmium ; mercury ; oxide ; high pressure ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: CdHgO2: An Oxomercurate related to the Crednerite StructureSingle crystals of CdHgO2 were prepared by oxygen high pressure technique (600°C, 3900 bar) and investigated by X-ray technique. It crystallizes with monoclinic symmetry, space group C2h3-C2/m; a = 5.933, b = 3.452, c = 5.875 Å, β = 91.26°; Z = 2. The Hg2+ ions show dumb-bell like coordination, Cd2+ an octahedral one. CdHgO2 shows strong relationship to the Crednerite structure. The orientation of the O—Hg—O dump-bells to the CdO6 octahedra layers is discussed with respect to related oxomercurates.
    Notes: CdHgO2 wurde mit Sauerstoff-Hochdrucktechnik (600°C, 3900 bar) einkristallin dargestellt und röntgenographisch untersucht. Es kristallisiert monoklin, Raumgruppe C2h3-C2/m mit a = 5,933, b = 3,452, c = 5,875 Å, β = 91,26° und Z = 2. Die Hg2+-Ionen zeigen eine hantelförmige, Cd2+ eine oktaedrische Koordination. CdHgO2 zeigt große Ähnlichkeit zur Crednerit-Struktur. Die Anordnung der O—Hg—O-Hanteln zu den CdO6-Oktaederschichten wird unter Bezug auf verwandte Oxomercurate diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19946200702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
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    Dosimetry workshop: Extremely-low-frequency electric and magnetic fields (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 13 (1992), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: ELF Fields ; ELF dose ; EMF health effects ; risk assessment ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: A workshop on the dosimetry of extremely-low-frequency fields was held to assess current knowledge in this field and to develop a set of recommendations for new research that meets the needs of health risk assessment, in particular, the assessment of cancer risk. The workshop was sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute and was held on March 20-22, 1991, in Carmel, California. Major topics of the workshop were microdosimetry of induced electric fields, scaling of induced fields among biological systems from cells to humans, and the problem of defining a biologically effective “dose.” A number of research recommendations were developed, the most important of which are to (1) characterize the natural background electric and magnetic fields in tissues and near cells, (2) improve experimental exposure geometries to allow accurate characterization of induced fields in samples, (3) design experiments to distinguish between electric and magnetic field mechanisms, (4) develop standard in vitro biological systems with reproducible and well-established responses to fields, and (5) develop definition of dose with respect to fields at the primary site of interaction. 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250130702
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  • 10
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    Biomonitoring in the mercury-contaminated Wabigoon-English-Winnipeg river (Canada) system: selecting the best available bioindicator (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 5 (1991), S. 487-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Bioindicator ; sport fish ; forage fish ; mercury ; biomonitoring ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several organisms used for biomonitoring in the mercury-contaminated Wabigoon-English River System, Ontario, Canada (sport fish, forage fish, crayfish and others) were examined for their utility as bioindicators. Causes for spatial and temporal variability in mercury concentrations in biota are reviewed. The significance of intertrophic and intratrophic biotic relationships is evaluated on both a site-specific and intersite basis. Larger mature fish are the most effective integrators as these organisms are the most buffered from site-specific and seasonal variations in mercury concentrations and bioavailability. Where there are no physical barriers preventing movement of biota between contaminated and uncontaminated parts of the watercourse, younger, smaller organisms can better - ical zones of contamination because of their restricted range. Because many organisms can provide information on mercury contamination, the choice of the most suitable indicator depends upon the purpose of the study, the pharmacokinetics of mercury uptake by the organisms in question, and the chemodynamics of methyl and inorganic mercury species in the field.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590050606
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  • 11
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    An international intercalibration for methylmercury in biological tissue (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 3 (1989), S. 257-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: mercury ; methylmercury ; intercalibration ; biota ; analysis ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An intercalibration exercise between 13 laboratories from seven countries was conducted for comparing the methylmercury measurement techniques for marine biological tissues. Analyses have been conducted on two sets of samples: a fish muscle and a mussel soft tissue. Most of the participating laboratories performed six replicate analyses, allowing statistical comparisons. Various analytical techniques have been used, including cold vapour atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CVAA), electron capture gas liquid chromatography (GCEC), neutron activation (NAA), and inductively coupled plasma-isotopic dilution mass spectrometry (ICPIDMS). All of these methods offer similar results. They allow us to define consensus values which seem good estimates of the real concentrations. In addition the results show, for most of the participating laboratories, good accuracy and precision in the determination.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590030309
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  • 12
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    Critical review of analytical methods for determination of inorganic mercury and methylmercury compounds (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 8 (1994), S. 293-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Analytical methods ; mercury ; monomethylmercury ; dimethylmercury ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This review describes determinations of mercury compounds under three categories: total mercury; separate determinations of inorganic mercury(II) and organomercury compounds by selective reduction; and speciation of inorganic mercury(II), monomethylmercury cation, and dimethylmercury. Topics described for each category include sample treatment, separation, detection, and limit of detection. Finally, we note that most methods would not detect dimethylmercury if it were present.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590080404
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  • 13
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    Pentaazadienido-Komplexe von Zink, Cadmium und Quecksilber Die Kristallstruktur von [Cd(EtOC6H4-N5-C6H4OEt)2(py)2] und [Hg(tol-N5-tol)2(py)] (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 145-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Zinc ; cadmium ; mercury ; pentaazadienido complexes ; preparation ; crystal structures ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Pentaazadienido Complexes of Zinc, Cadmium, and Mercury. The Crystal Structure of [Cd(EtOC6H4-N5-C6H4OEt)2(py)2] and [Hg(tol-N5-tol)2(py)]The pentaazadienido complexes [M(EtOC6H4N5C6H4OEt)2] (M = Zn (1), Cd (2)) are formed by the reaction of [M(NH3)4]2+ with [EtOC6H4N5C6H4OEt]- in aqueous ammonia. 2 crystallizes from pyridine as [Cd(EtOC6H4N5C6H4OEt)2py2] (3) with the triclinic space group P1 and a = 937.2(2); b = 1422.7(2); c = 2085.5(2) pm; α = 75.28(1)°; β = 94.74(1)°; γ = 99.75(1)°; Z = 2. The central Cd2+ ion of 3 exhibits an octahedral coordination by two pyridine ligands in cis arrangement and two (N1, N3)-2+ chelating pentaazadienide ions. The reaction of [HgI4]2 with the 1,5-di(tolyl)pentaazadienide anion in aqueous ammonia affords [Hg(p-tol-N5-tol)2] (4), which crystallizes from pyridine in form of [Hg(tol-N5-tol)2py] (5) with the space group P1 and a = 1176.2(4); b = 1203.1(3); c = 1295.6(5) pm; α = 100.77(3)°; β = 110.08(3)°; γ = 94.29(2)°; Z = 2. In 5 the Hg2+ cation is threefold coordinated by two monodentate (N3)-η1 pentaazadienid anions and one pyridine ligand. Within the N5 chains of the pentaazadienid anions of 3 and 5 localized N—N double bonds are found in the positions N1—N2 and N4—N5 with distances between 125 and 129 pm.
    Notes: Die Pentaazadienido-Komplexe [M(EtOC6H4N5C6H4OEt)2] (M = Zn (1), Cd (2)) entstehen bei der Reaktion von [M(NH3)4]2+ mit [EtOC6H4N5C6H4OEt]- in ammoniakalischer Lösung. 2 kann aus Pyridin in Form von [Cd(EtOC6H4N5C6H4OEt)2py2] (3) auskristallisiert werden. 3 bildet trikline Kristalle mit der Raumgruppe P1 und a = 937,2(2); b = 1422,7(2); c = 2085,5(2) pm; α = 75,28(1)°; β = 94,74(1)°; γ = 99,75(1)°; Z = 2. In 3 ist das zentrale Cd2+-Ion oktaedrisch von zwei cis-ständigen Pyridinliganden und zwei chelatartig (N1,N3)-2+-gebundenen 1,5-Di(p-ethoxy-phenyl)pentaazadienid-Ionen koordiniert. Aus [HgI4]2- und 1,5-Di(p-tolyl)pentaazadienid-Ionen in wäßrigem NH3 entsteht [Hg(tol-N5-tol)2] (4), das aus Pyridin als triklines [Hg(tol-N5-tol)2py] (5) mit der Raumgruppe P1 und a = 1176,2(4); b = 1203,1(3); c = 1295,6(5) pm; α = 100,77(3)°; β = 110,08(3)°; γ = 94,29(2)°; Z = 2 kristallisiert. Hg2+ ist von zwei einzähnig (N3)-η1-gebundenen Pentaazadienid-Ionen und einem Pyridinliganden dreifach koordiniert. In den N5-Ketten der Pentaazadienidliganden von 3 und 5 findet man lokalisierte N—N-Doppelbindungen zwischen den Atomen N1 und N2 sowie N4 und N5 mit Abständen zwischen 125 und 129 pm.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19946200123
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  • 14
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    An international intercomparison exercise for total mercury in seawater (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 4 (1990), S. 49-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Intercomparison ; mercury ; methyl mercury ; seawater ; analysis ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Deux échantillons de 30 dm3 d'eau de mer côtiére ont été prélevés en september 1983. L'un d'eux a été acidifié, homogénéisé et réparti dans 50 ampoules de 500 cm3. L'autre, aprés ajout de 612 ng de mercure sous forme de chlorure de méthylmercure, a été acidifié, homogénéisé et réparti dans 50 ampoules indentiques. Ces opérations ont été effectuées sous atmosphere purgée de mercure. Un lot de chacun des échantillons a été expédié à 37 laboratoires dont 21 ont fourni des résultats concernant la teneur en mercure ‘total’. Les valeurs de consensus et leur intervalle de confiance sont respectivement de 6,0 ± 1,6 et 24,2 ± 2,8 ng dm-3 pour l'échantillon naturel et le dopé. Onze laboratoires rapportent des résultats quantitatifs fiables (écart 〈 ± 2s) pour l' échantillon naturel (sans ajout) et douze pour l'échantillon dopé. De plus, dix laboratoires présentent des paires de résultats groupés à moins de deux écarts type des valeurs de consensus. Le stockage, même pendant quatre mois, d'échantillons d'eau de mer en présence d'acide nitrique (0,3 mol dm-3) est, à lui seul, un traitement insuffisant pour libérer le mercure sous sa forme monométhylée.
    Notes: Two 30 dm3 coastal seawater samples were collected in September 1983. One was acidified, homogenized and divided among 50 500-cm3 glass ampoules. The second was spiked with 612ng of mercury added as methylmercury chloride, acidified, homogenized and divided among 50 500-cm3 glass ampoules. All these operations were performed under a mercury-free atmosphere. A single sample from each set was sent to each of 37 laboratories; 21 of them submitted their results of a ‘total’ mercury concentation determination. The consensus values and their confidence limits are 6.0 ± 1.6 and 24.2 ± 2.8 ng dm-3 for the natural and the spiked samples respectively. Eleven laboratories reported reliable quantitative results (within ± 2SD) for the natural (unspiked) sample, and 12 for the spiked sample. In addition, ten laboratories give sets of results within ± 2SD of the consensus values. Storage for up to four months of methylmercury spiked samples with 1.4% nitric acid (0.3 mol dm-3) at room temperature is, alone, an unsuitable treatment for releasing mercury from its monomethyl compounds.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590040109
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  • 15
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    Short-term bioconcentration and distribution of methylmercury, tributyltin and corresponding inorganic species in the starfish leptasterias polaris (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 9 (1995), S. 327-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: mercury ; methylmercury ; tin ; tributyltin ; bioconcentration ; distribution ; kinetics ; starfish ; Leptasterias polaris ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Starfish, Leptasterias polaris, were exposed between 30 min and 48 h to seawater containing 0.25 nmol dm-3 of radiolabelled methylmercury (Me203HgCI), tributyltin [(C4H9)3113SnCI], and inorganic 203HgCI2 and 113SnCI4, with the objectives of comparing the uptake and distribution kinetics of these metal species in organs and tissues of treated organisms. Some starfish exposed to metals for 48 h were allowed to depurate for 24 h in clean seawater. Whole-body autoradiography was used to locate radiotracers very precisely within starfish tissues. The total amount of methylmercury (MeHg) accumulated in the whole animal after 48 h reached 0.53 nmol compared with 0.09 nmol for inorganic mercury, while tributyltin (TBT) reached 0.72 nmol compared with 0.017 nmol for inorganic tin. No significant reduction of body burdens occurred during the depuration period. The first-order rate constant characterizing the uptake of metals by whole animals, k1, ranged from 0.102 h-1 for MeHg to 3.6 × 10-3h-1 for inorganic mercury(II) and to 8.4 × 10-4 h-1 for inorganic tin(IV). The first-order rate constant characterizing the translocation of metals from seawater-exposed tissues toward internal organs, k3, was available for inorganic Hg and Sn and had values similar to k1. Concentration ratios between external tissues and internal organs after a 48 h exposure were 11.5 and 25.4 for MeHg and TBT, respectively, and 2.1 and 6.1 for inorganic mercury and tin. Furthermore, autoradiograms showed that MeHg and TBT were accumulated only on the external surface of the body wall and podia. This finding indicates a much slower translocation process for organometallic species than inorganic species, a process which seems to be related to the binding mode of MeHg and TBT to the organic matrix of external tissues of starfish.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590090406
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    A new procedure for the speciation of mercury in water based on the transformation of mercury (II) and methylmercury (II) into stable acetylides followed by HPLC analysis (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 9 (1995), S. 713-718 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: mercury ; methylmercury ; mercury acetylides ; speciation ; HPLC ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Conversion of mercury(II) and methylmercury(II) species dissolved in water into di(phenylethynyl)mercury and methyl(phenylethynyl) mercury takes place in satisfactory yield under alkaline conditions by stirring the aqueous solution with phenylacetylene at room temperature. Mercury speciation is simply obtained by HPLC analysis of the two organometallic species. The presence of heavy metals such as copper(II), zinc(II), cadmium(II) and lead(II) in concentrations 10000 times higher than mercury is tolerated, while little interference is displayed by humic acids and cysteine. Seawater samples can also be analysed following a properly adapted procedure.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590090810
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    Studies of the uptake and binding of trace metals in fungi. Part I: Accumulation and characterization of mercury and silver in the cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bisporus (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 4 (1990), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Agaricus bisporus ; fungi ; mercury ; silver ; metallothionein ; gel chromatography ; radiotracters ; silver-110m ; mercury-203 ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The champignon mushroom Agaricus bisporus was cultivated on compost labelled with the radioactive traers 110mAg and 203Hg and the uptake of these two metals studied. The radiotracer then served as an aid in elucidation and characterization of the fungal metal-protein species using gel chromatography. In the case of the silver-protein complex, but not of mercury, the majority of the metal was contained in the fractions of intermediate (ca 8000-10000 Da) molecular weight possibly corresponding to metallothioneins (MT) or MT-like species.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590040108
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  • 18
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    Study of the distribution of methylmercury and total mercury in grain size fractions of freeze-dried estuarine sediment samples (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 8 (1994), S. 665-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography ; mercury ; methylmercury ; core sediments ; grain size ; analysis ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the total mercury and methylmercury distribution in esturine sediments is presented. Core sediments obtained in a polluted area were freeze-dried and sieved to obtain four fractions. Fraction 1, having grain size 〈0.30 mm; Fraction 2, having grain size 〈0.30 mm; Fraction 3, with grain size 〈1 mm and Fraction 4, having particle size 〉1 mm. In all these fractions total mercury (Cold Vapor AAS) and methylmercury (Gas Chromatography with ECD detection) have been analyzed. As expected high concentrations of total mercury and small concentrations of methylmercury were obtained in Fractions 1 and 2 but were not detected in Fractions 3 and 4, although the study of the data obtained suggests that significant amounts of geochemical mercury remain in these fractions. Attempts have been made to correlate data for both species when freeze dried sediments and the raw wet samples were analyzed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590080718
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    The fate of mercury species injected into coelomic fluid of starfish Leptasterias polaris (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 9 (1995), S. 683-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: mercury ; methylmercury ; glutathione ; mercaptoethanol ; thiols ; EDTA ; complexation ; starfish ; translocation ; invertebrates ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mature starfish Leptasterias polaris, collected in the St Lawrence Estuary (eastern Canada), were exposed to two mercury species (HgCI2 and CH3HgCI) via injections into the coelomic fluid. In vivo effects of some complexing agents (glutathione, mercaptoethanol and EDTA) on the distribution of 203Hg-labelled species in starfish organs and tissues and their possible role in mercury transport through membranes were studied over a 24 h period. The excretion of ammonia and mercury was also measured. When injected alone, inorganic mercury and methylmercury [CH3Hg(II)] were distributed in all organs, with a preferential adsorption in gonads, pyloric caeca and stomach. Mercury excretion was very low under all conditions studied. Mercaptoethanol, a small thiol ligand, was very efficient in reducing both mercury species in the coelomic fluid and seems to have promoted translocation towards most organs of the starfish. Its action is attributed to the formation of small and neutral complexes, HgL2 and CH3HgL, which can diffuse through membranes preserving their integrity. Glutathione increased the translocation of CH3Hg(II) towards surrounding organs, but had no apparent effect on inorganic mercury. EDTA promoted the transport of inorganic mercury only. These results highlight (1) the particular interest of starfish to workers studying in vivo chemical complexation of mercury species, and (2) the potential role of complexing molecules in the biotransport of mercury species through living membranes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590090806
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    On-Line speciation of mercury and methylmercury in aqueous samples by chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry after hydride generation (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 8 (1994), S. 571-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Organometallic speciation ; mercury ; methylmercury ; seawater ; hydride generation ; gas chromatography ; atomic fluorescence spectrometry ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the determination of picogram amounts of inorganic mercury(II) and methylmercury(II) compounds in seawater. These compounds are first volatilized from the water samples by reduction to mercury (Hg0) and formation of methylmercury hydride (CH3HgH) by means of a sodium borohydride (NaBH4) solution and cryogenically focused onto a chromatographic stationary phase. Both mercury compounds are eluted according their boiling points and are passed through a pyrolysis tube, at 900°C, before entering the atomic flurescence detector. Absolute detection limits (3σ) are 1 and 2 pg for, respectively, inorganic mercury and methylmercury. For seawater analysis, detection limits of 0.1-1.0 ng I-1 can be achieved.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590080705
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    A solution-adaptive mesh procedure for predicting confined explosions (1998)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 26 (1998), S. 235-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: confined explosions ; risk assessment ; CFD ; adaptive mesh refinement ; multiple obstacles ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Explosion hazards constitute a significant practical problem for industry. In response to the need for better-resolved predictions for confined explosions, and particularly with a view to advancing safety cases for offshore oil and gas rigs, an existing unstructured, adaptive mesh, finite volume Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics code (originally developed to handle non-combusting turbomachinery flows) has been modified to include a one-equation, eddy break-up combustion model. Two benefits accrue from the use of unstructured, solution-adaptive meshes: first, great geometrical flexibility is possible; second, automatic mesh adaptation allows computational effort to be focused on important or interesting areas of the flow by enhancing mesh resolution only where it is required. In the work reported here, the mesh was adaptively refined to achieve flame front capture, and it is shown that this results in a 10%-33% CPU saving for two-dimensional calculations and a saving of between 57% and 70% for three-dimensional calculations. The geometry of the three-dimensional calculations was relatively simple, and it may be expected that the use of unstructured meshes for truly complex geometries will result in CPU savings sufficient to allow an order-of-magnitude increase in either complexity or resolution. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    [(HgPtBu)4]3 - Synthesis, Structure, and BondingThis work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 195).Dedicated to Professor Günter Schmid on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 36 (1997), S. 233-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: ab initio calculations ; clusters ; mercury ; P ligands ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199702331
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    Unusually Stable Organomercury Hydrides and RadicalsThis work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture and the Sumitomo Foundation (financial support and a Monbusho scholarship to Y. Y.). We thank the Institute for Molecular Science, Japan, for computational time. S. M. thanks the JSPS for a predoctoral fellowship. (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 36 (1997), S. 374-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: density functional calculations ; hydrides ; mercury ; radicals ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199703741
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    [(CF3)2Hg(μ-F)2Hg(CF3)2]2-: Synthesis, Structure, and ReactivityThis work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie.Dedicated to Professor Oskar Glemser on the occasion of his 85th birthday (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 36 (1997), S. 623-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: fluorine ; mercury ; structure elucidation ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199706231
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    Conformation Control in Polymetallic Mesocycles by Metal-Metal Bonding: The First Example of an Hg—Cu InteractionThis work is based on the Ph.D. thesis of M.S. We are grateful to Dr. W. Deck and Prof. H. Vahrenkamp (Universität Freiburg, Germany) for the collection of preliminary X-ray data, and to Prof. M. Veith (Universität des Saarlandes, Germany) for access to X-ray facilities. We also acknowledge the Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche (Paris, France) for a post-doctoral grant to U.B., the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and the Société des Amis des Sciences (Paris, M.K.), the Commission of the European Communities (contact CHRX-CT93-0277), and the Alexander-von-Humboldt Stiftung (award to P.B.) for financial support.Dedicated to Professor The Lord Lewis on the occasion of his 70th birthday (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 36 (1997), S. 2758-2761 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: copper ; mercury ; metallacycles ; metal-metal interactions ; molecular dynamics ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199727581
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    Oxidative stress from environmental pollutants (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 29 (1995), S. 135-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: arsenic ; dioxin ; dichlone ; doxorubicin ; mitomycin C ; chloranil ; mercury ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Recently progress has been made on O2 toxicity and pathology related to numerous environmental contaminants in insects. The pro-oxidants studied included: dioxin, paraquat, and an assorted array of quinones, 8-methoxypsorlen, arsenic, and mercury. The responses to these oxidants are diverse, but they arise from the reactive oxygen species. These pro-oxidants in insects cause lipid peroxidation, protein and enzyme oxidation, and GSH depletion. Potentially, they may also cause DNA oxidation, and form DNA adducts. Oxidative challenge is alleviated by antioxidant compounds, but more importantly by the induction of antioxidant enzymes, which are crucial for the termination of O2 radical cascade and lipid peroxidation chain reaction. Insects exhibit a wasting syndrome under sub-acute stress. In acute toxicity vital physiological processes impaired are hemolymph melanization and diuresis. Thus, insects resemble vertebrates in both the response to oxidative stress and its pathological consequences. These results raise the prospect that insects may serve as non-mammalian model species for monitoring the oxidative-stress component of environmental toxicity. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940290205
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    Novel Crown Ethers with a Trithiadiazapentalene-Trithiotriuret Redox SystemFinancial support by the Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina (H. G.) and by the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie (H. G. and K-G.) is acknowledged. The authors wish to thank Prof. Dr. M. T. Reetz (MPI für Kohlenforschung Mühlheim) for help rendered during the transport experiments and Prof. Dr. H. Schneider (MPI für biophysikalische Chemie Göttingen) for support with the stability constant measurements. The graduate scholarship from Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes (to M. M.) is gratefully appreciated.Dedicated to Proffesor Leonard F. Lindoy on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 36 (1997), S. 1648-1650 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: crown compounds ; host-guest chemistry ; mercury ; silver ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199716481
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