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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
  • 04.02. Exploration geophysics
  • Allgemeine Geographie
  • Elsevier  (29)
  • Wiley  (8)
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  • 1
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    Temperature compensation in high accuracy accelerometers using multi-sensor and machine learning methods (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Experimental data are publicly available here: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/f78bmhr628/1
    Description: Temperature is a major source of inaccuracy in high-sensitivity accelerometers and gravimeters. Active thermal control systems require power and may not be ideal in some contexts such as airborne or spaceborne applications. We propose a solution that relies on multiple thermometers placed within the accelerometer to measure temperature and thermal gradient variations. Machine Learning algorithms are used to relate the temperatures to their effect on the accelerometer readings. However, obtaining labeled data for training these algorithms can be difficult. Therefore, we also developed a training platform capable of replicating temperature variations in a laboratory setting. Our experiments revealed that thermal gradients had a significant effect on accelerometer readings, emphasizing the importance of multiple thermometers. The proposed method was experimentally tested and revealed a great potential to be extended to other sources of inaccuracy, such as rotations, as well as to other types of measuring systems, such as magnetometers or gyroscopes.
    Description: This work was funded by “Regione Lazio” (Italy) with European Regional Development Fund (Italy, Lazio) through the call “Gruppi di Ricerca 2020 (POR FESR LAZIO 2014 – 2020), project number: A0375-2020-36674
    Description: Published
    Description: 114090
    Description: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: gravimeter ; gravimetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Basin modeling constrains source rock position and dimension in the Burano-Bolognano petroleum system (Central Italy) (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-14
    Description: A two-dimensional basin and petroleum system modeling approach was applied to the Burano-Bolognano petroleum system (Central Italy) to constrain some factors (position, lateral extension and maturity of the source rock, the role of fractures and faults in hydrocarbon migration) which influenced its structural evolution and the related migration pathways. The petroleum system extends from the Majella Mountain to the northern Cigno, Vallecupa, Bonanno oil fields, intensively explored during the past century. Some features, such as the location and extension of the source rock and its maturity, and hydrocarbon pathways, are still undefined. Thus, we developed a 3D geological static model of the Cenozoic carbonate succession and then, we performed basin modeling along a 2D geological section, integrating the petrophysical properties of rocks measured in laboratory. Our results prove that the Burano source rock reached a low-middle maturity, and the best representation of the actual hydrocarbon occurrences is reached when the source rock is at north of the Majella Mountain with a minimum extension of 3 km. For the BBPS a strong lateral migration and a gradual oil biodegradation towards the Majella area must be considered. Moreover, modeling results highlight a minor control of the faults on the migration in this area. This basin modeling is relevance for investigations in similar settings since carbonate-ramp reservoir studies are usually very challenging to be correctly modeled due to their high heterogeneities.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105436
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Basin modeling ; Carbonate reservoir ; Geological modeling ; Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 3
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    The role of shale content and pore-water saturation on frictional properties of simulated carbonate faults (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: The presence of weak phyllosilicates in mature carbonate fault zones has been invoked to explain weak faults. However, the relation between frictional strength, fault stability, mineralogical composition, and fabric of fault gouge, composed of strong and weak minerals, is poorly constrained. We used a biaxial apparatus to systematically shear different mixtures of shale (68% clay, 23% quartz and 4% plagioclase) and calcite, as powdered gouge, at room temperature, under constant normal stresses of 30, 50, 100 MPa and under room-dry and pore fluid-saturated conditions, i.e. CaCO3-equilibrated water. We performed 30 friction experiments during which velocity-stepping and slide-hold-slide tests were employed to assess frictional stability and to measure frictional healing, respectively. Our frictional data indicate that the mineralogical composition of fault gouges significantly affects frictional strength, stability, and healing as well as the presence of CaCO3-equilibrated water. Under room-dry condition, the increasing shale content determines a reduction in frictional strength, from μ = 0.71 to μ = 0.43, a lowering of the healing rates and a transition from velocity-weakening to velocity-strengthening behavior. Under wet condition, with increasing shale content we observe a more significant reduction in frictional strength (μ = 0.65–0.37), a near-zero healing and a velocity strengthening behavior. Microstructural investigations evidence a transition from localized deformation promoted by grain size reduction, in calcite-rich samples, to a more distributed deformation with frictional sliding along clay-enriched shear planes in samples with shale content greater than 50%. For faults cutting across sedimentary sequences composed of carbonates and clay-rich sediments, our results suggest that clay concentration and its ability to form foliated and interconnected networks promotes important heterogeneities in fault strength and slip behavior.
    Description: Published
    Description: 228811
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Carbonate faults ; Fault slip behavior ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Aeromagnetism (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-10
    Description: The airborne magnetic method was established a few decades ago, as a strong tool in mining and petroleum exploration. Several economically relevant discoveries are often credited to aeromagnetism. Geological reconnaissance and mapping, deep crustal and upper mantle studies, environmental characterization, and national and international security issues can greatly benefit from the aeromagnetic method, as compared with other geophysical prospecting schemes. The rapid rate of coverage and the low cost per unit area explored represent just a few among the many advantages of the technique. Consequently, large-scale airborne magnetic surveys have been carried out in various parts of the globe. The amount of direct discoveries of ore bodies by means of aeromagnetism is impressive. Large magnetic iron deposits found in the early 1960s are in Southern California, Missouri, Nevada, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Ontario, and elsewhere. In the field of petroleum exploration, the method has also been used, although with less direct application. Depth to magnetic basement estimation in sedimentary basins narrows down areas of interest where to conduct exploration surveys in detail by means of more costly methods. The most relevant use of airborne magnetic results is crustal imaging and characterization. Nowadays, geology is interpreted in three dimensions using a digital aeromagnetic map.
    Description: Published
    Description: 675-688
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: 5A. Ricerche polari e paleoclima
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: 6SR VULCANI – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Keywords: aeromagnetism ; potential fields ; magnetic anomaly ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.05. Geomagnetism ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 5
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    Integrated use of unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning to support archaeological analysis: The Acropolis of Selinunte case (Sicily, Italy) (2021)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-14
    Description: Southwestern Sicily is an area of infrequent seismic activity; however, some studies carried out in the archaeological Selinunte site suggest that, between the fourth century BC and the early Middle Ages, probably at least two earthquakes strucked this area with enough energy to damage and cause the collapse and kinematics of much of the architecture of Selinunte. Take into account that, in 2008, a noninvasive archaeological prospection and traditional data gathering methods along the Acropolis north fortifications were carried out. Following these first studies, after about 10 years, a new geophysical campaign was carried out. This second campaign benefited from the application of modern technologies for the acquisition and processing of the point cloud data on the northern part of the Acropolis, like terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry. In this paper, we present the application of these techniques and a strategy for their integration for the 3D modelling of buildings and cultural heritages. We show how the integration of data acquired independently by these two techniques is an added value able to overcome the intrinsic limits of the individual techniques. The application to Selinunte's Acropolis allowed it to highlight and measure with high accuracy fractures, dislocation, inclinations of walls, depressions of some areas and other interesting observations, which may be important starting points for future investigations.
    Description: Published
    Description: 153-165
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 3D reconstruction ; archaeological survey ; digital elevation model ; Selinunte Archaeological Park ; terrestrial laser scanning ; unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.02. Data dissemination ; 05.06. Methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Assessment of a low-enthalpy geothermal resource and evaluation of the natural CO2 output in the Tor di Quinto area (Rome city, Italy) (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-09
    Description: Rome Capital City is located in a high heat flux area of central Italy, suitable for low-enthalpy geothermal exploitation. In the central-northern part of the city, near Tor di Quinto hippodrome close to Tiber River, a wide undeveloped area occurs, which is a possible future urban development site. We present the results of a geochemical and geophysical study aimed at assessing the presence in this zone of a low-enthalpy geothermal aquifer and at evaluating its depth, thickness and the physico-chemical characteristics of the geothermal water. Furthermore the natural CO2 output of this zone has been investigated. A soil CO2 flux survey with 551 measurements over a surface of 3.09 km2 revealed the presence of parallel NW-SE trending positive flux anomalies. The total CO2 output was estimated to 87.77 t*day-1, most of which (85 %) of endogenous or mixed origin. An Electrical Resistivity Tomography survey, consisting of five parallel 355 m long and 100 m spaced profiles, allowed the reconstruction of the stratigraphy of the underground sediments, which are fluvial deposits of the near Tiber River. The geothermal water is hosted in a low-resistivity layer, corresponding to the Tiber base gravels, which are here 20 m thick and whose top is 40 m below the surface. The water has a nearly constant temperature of 17.5 °C, a relatively high salinity and an appreciable content in dissolved gas. This low-enthalpy resource is suitable for direct uses, e.g. individual and district heating/cooling, sanitary hot water, spa facilities for swimming and bathing.
    Description: This work was partially supported by the INGV AMUSED research project (CUP D59C19000100005)
    Description: Published
    Description: 102298
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Low enthalpy geothermal aquifer Rome ; water chemistry ; diffuse soil CO2 output ; Electrical Resistivity Tomography ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Investigation of the Norcia basin (Central Italy) through ambient vibration measurements and geological surveys (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-21
    Description: During the 2016–2017, a seismic sequence struck the Central Italy, involving four regions (Umbria, Marche, Abruzzo and Lazio) and causing important damages and victims in inhabited areas such as Norcia and Amatrice towns. The strongest event of the seismic sequence was a Mw 6.5 event with epicenter at about 5 km far from the Norcia area, which is an intermontane basin prone to ground motion amplification. The historical town of Norcia and the surrounding hamlets were recently investigated by the microzonation activity, but information on the geometry and velocity are still partial considering the entire basin. Indeed, past studies aimed at reconstructing the elastic and geometrical properties focusing mainly on the northern part of the basin. Specifically in this paper, we integrated seismic and geological data to get a better knowledge of the properties of the Quaternary Norcia basin. A geological survey was carried out to provide a geological map and three geological cross-sections. We analyzed new seismic ambient vibrations data, collected by single-seismic stations, to infer the distribution of resonant frequency (f0) for the entire basin. We used passive arrays of seismic stations to better define the velocity profiles of the area. In the northern part of the basin, two 2D arrays with elliptical-like shapes were deployed showing strong discrepancies of the elastic soil properties in proximity of Norcia town. We found shear-wave velocities of the near-surface profile of about 300–400 and 500–800 m/s in presence of palustrine and alluvial fan deposits, respectively. Further, the values of f0 are abruptly varying from 0.5 Hz in the SW sector of Norcia village up to 2 Hz in its NE sector. Ambient vibration data reveal less pronounced variation of f0 in the southern part of the basin, with resonant values that are almost in the range 1–1.3 Hz. In the southern sector, a 1D array was arranged along a 5-km line and was analyzed by means of seismic noise cross-correlation analysis suggesting the presence of a deeper seismic contrast. The integration of geophysical and geological results has allowed to infer insights on the subsurface geometry of the basin.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105501
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    Geochemical and geoelectrical characterization of the Terre Calde di Medolla (Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy) and relations with 2012 seismic sequence (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Soil gas and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys were performed in Medolla (Emilia-Romagna Region, northern Italy) within a farming area characterized by macroseeps, absence of vegetation and anomalous temperatures of soil to investigate the soil gas migration mechanism and verify the presence of a buried fault intersecting the macroseeps. Soil gas (222Rn, 220Rn, He and C2H6) concentrations and flux (φCO2 and φCH4) measurements were carried out from 2008 to 2015, comprising the 2012 Emilia seismic sequence. Moreover, in 2016 a ERT survey, combined with new flux measurements, was performed along four profiles (ranging from 180 to 630 m long) centered on the main macroseep. We found that the seismic sequence sensibly influenced the soil gas distribution in the area. All investigated species, but He, increased their values early after the mainshocks, likely due to crustal deformation which promoted the geogas uprising. In 2015, when the stress has vanished, these concentrations gradually decreased toward pre-seismic values. Helium concentrations showed an opposite behavior as they decreased in May 2012 and then gradually increased over time. This trend may be reasonably due to the enhancement of the strain field which promoted the He dissipation from soil to the atmosphere, due to its high volatility. In all the geochemical surveys conducted from 2008 to 2015, soil gas high values around the main macroseeps were identified, delighting the presence of an alignment in the E-W direction. This trend, identified for several gas species, ultimately supports the theory of a hidden fault which favors the intensification of fluids migration along zones characterized by greater permeability. ERT results highlighted a sub-horizontal layering characterized by different resistivity intervals, roughly matching local stratigraphy. In most profiles we observed a slightly increase of resistivity and a sharp inter-ruption of the electro-layering in correspondence of the main macroseep, both near the surface and at depth. This implies that a fracture zone due to the presence of a buried fault cannot be excluded. The combined use of geochemical and geophysical techniques in this study confirmed the usefulness of such multiparametric approach for mapping out hidden structures in tectonically active areas, allowing to better understanding the fluid migration processes through preferential leakage pathways.
    Description: Published
    Description: 106678
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Soil gas survey ; Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey ; Migration pathways ; Medolla ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 03.04. Chemical and biological
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Active Extension in a Foreland Trapped Between Two Contractional Chains: The South Apulia Fault System (SAFS) (2020)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-08
    Description: The response of continental forelands to subduction and collision is a widely investigated topic in geodynamics. The deformation occurring within a foreland shared by two opposite‐verging chains, however, is uncommon and poorly understood. The Apulia Swell in the southern end of the Adria microplate (Africa‐Europe plate boundary, central Mediterranean Sea) represents one of these cases, as it is the common foreland of the SW verging Albanides‐Hellenides and the NE verging Southern Apennines merging into the SSE verging Calabrian Arc. We investigated the internal deformation of the Apulia Swell using multiscale geophysical data: multichannel seismic profiles recording up to 12‐s two‐way time (TWT) for a consistent image of the upper crust; high‐resolution multichannel seismic profiles, high‐resolution multibeam bathymetry, and CHIRP profiles acquired by R/V OGS Explora to constrain the Quaternary geological record. The results of our analyses characterize the geometry of the South Apulia Fault System (SAFS), a 100‐km‐long and 12‐km‐wide structure attesting an extensional (and possibly transtensional) response of the foreland to the two contractional fronts. The SAFS consists of two NW‐SE right‐stepping master faults and several secondary structures. The SAFS activity spans from the Early Pleistocene through the Holocene, as testified by the bathymetric and high‐resolution seismic data, with long‐term slip rates in the range of 0.2–0.4 mm/yr. Considering the position within an area with few or none other active faults in the surroundings, the dimension, and the activity rates, the SAFS can be a candidate causative fault of the 20 February 1743, M 6.7, earthquake.
    Description: Italian Ministry for Education, University, and Research (MIUR), Premiale 2014 D. M. 291 03/05/2016.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020TC006116
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: active tectonics ; apulia ; south apulia fault system ; 1743 earthquake ; marine geology ; stable continental region ; ionian sea ; active faults ; subsurface geology ; seismic interpretation ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Multi-temporal tectonic evolution of Capo Granitola and Sciacca foreland transcurrent faults (Sicily channel) (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Joint analysis of high-penetration multi-channel and high-resolution single-channel seismic reflection profiles, calibrated by deep well boreholes, allowed a detailed reconstruction of the Late Miocene to Recent tectonic history of the Capo Granitola and Sciacca fault systems offshore southwestern Sicily. These two fault arrays are part of a regional system of transcurrent faults that dissect the foreland block in front of the Neogene Sicilian fold and thrust belt. The Capo Granitola and Sciacca faults are thought to reactivate inherited Mesozoic to Miocene normal faults developed on the northern continental margin of Africa. During Latest Miocene-Pliocene, the two ~NNE-SSW striking faults were active in left transpression, which inverted Late Miocene extensional half-grabens and created push-up ridges along both systems. Tectonic activity decreased during the Pleistocene, but transpressional folds deform Middle-Late Pleistocene sediments as well, suggesting that the two fault systems are active. The ~40 km long longitudinal amplitude profile of 1st order folds (Capo Granitola and Sciacca anticlines) shows ~15–20 km bell-shaped undulations that represents 2nd order folds. The length of these undulations together with the map pattern of faults allowed to divide the CGFS and SFS into two segments, northern and southern, respectively. Total uplift of the Sciacca Anticline is twice than the uplift of the Capo Granitola Anticline. Incremental fold growth rates decreased during time from 0.22 mm/yr (Capo Granitola Anticline) and 0.44 mm/yr (Sciacca Anticline) in the Pliocene, to 0.07 and 0.22 mm/yr, respectively, during the last ~1.8 Ma.
    Description: Published
    Description: 187-204
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Multiscale analysis ; Basin inversion ; Strike-slip faults ; Fold growth rates ; Pelagian foreland ; SW Sicily offshore ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 11
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    The deep structure of the Larderello-Travale geothermal field (Italy) from integrated, passive seismic investigations (2015)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: We report the preliminary results from a project (GAPSS-Geothermal Area Passive Seismic Sources), aimed at testing the resolving capabilities of passive exploration methods on a well-known geothermal area, namely the Larderello-Travale Geothermal Field (LTGF). Located in the western part of Tuscany (Italy), LTGF is the most ancient geothermal power field of the world. GAPSS consisted of up to 20 seismic stations deployed over an area of about 50 x 50 Km. During the first 12 months of measurements, we located more than 2000 earthquakes, with a peak rate of up to 40 shocks/day. Preliminary results from analysis of these signals include: (i) analysis of Shear-Wave-Splitting from local earthquake data, from which we determined the areal distribution of the most anisotropic regions; (ii) local-earthquake travel-time tomography for both P- and S-wave velocities; (iii) telesismic receiver function aimed at determining the high-resolution (〈0.5km) S-velocity structure over the 0-20km depth range, and seismic anisotropy using the decomposition of the angular harmonics of the RF data-set; (iv) S-wave velocity profiling through inversion of the dispersive characteristics of Rayleigh waves from earthquakes recorded at regional distances. After presenting results from these different analyses, we eventually discuss their potential application to the characterisation and exploration of the investigated area.
    Description: Published
    Description: 227-234
    Description: 6T. Sismicità indotta e caratterizzazione sismica dei sistemi naturali
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Geothermal field; Local Earthquake Tomography; Shear Wave Splitting; Surface Wave Dispersion; Receiver Functions; Larderello- Travale geothermal field (Italy) ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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  • 12
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    Standardization of Seismic Tomographic Models and Earthquake Focal Mechanisms Datasets Based on Web Technologies, Visualization with Keyhole Markup Language (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present two projects in seismology that have been ported to web technologies, which provide results in Keyhole Markup Language (KML) visualization layers. These use the Google Earth geo-browser as the flexible platform that can substitute specialized graphical tools to perform qualitative visual data analyses and comparisons. The Network of Research Infrastructures for European Seismology (NERIES) Tomographic Earth Model Repository contains datasets from over 20 models from the literature. A hierarchical structure of folders that represent the sets of depths for each model is implemented in KML, and this immediately results into an intuitive interface for users to navigate freely and to compare tomographic plots. The KML layer for the European-Mediterranean Regional Centroid-Moment Tensor Catalog displays the focal mechanism solutions or moderate magnitude Earthquakes from 1997 to the present. Our aim in both projects was to also propose standard representations of scientific datasets. Here, the general semantic approach of XML has an important impact that must be further explored, although we find the KML syntax to be more shifted towards detailed visualization aspects. We have thus used, and propose the use of, Javascript Object Notation (JSON), another semantic notation that stems from the web-development community that provides a compact, general-purpose, data-exchange format.
    Description: Published
    Description: 47-56
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: seismology ; geophysics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 13
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    Splitting parameter yield (SPY): A program for semiautomatic analysis of shear wave splitting (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: SPY is a Matlab algorithm that analyzes seismic waveforms in a semiautomatic way, providing estimates of the two observables of the anisotropy: the shear-wave splitting parameters. We chose to exploit those computational processes that require less intervention by the user, gaining objectivity and reliability as a result. The algorithm joins the covariance matrix and the cross-correlation techniques, and all the computation steps are interspersed by several automatic checks intended to verify the reliability of the yields. The resulting semiautomation generates two new advantages in the field of anisotropy studies: handling a huge amount of data at the same time, and comparing different yields. From this perspective, SPY has been developed in the Matlab environment, which is widespread, versatile, and user-friendly. Our intention is to provide the scientific community with a new monitoring tool for tracking the temporal variations of the crustal stress field.
    Description: Published
    Description: 138-145
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Crustal anisotropy ; Waveform analysis ; Seismic monitoring ; Stress field ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 14
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    UPb and 40Ar39Ar geochronology of Palaeozoic units in the northern Apennines: determining protolith age and alpine evolution using the Calamita Schist and Ortano Porphyroid (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the northern Apennines, the Palaeozoic basement involved in the Late Oligocene–Middle Miocene nappe stack contains metamorphic units for which hypothetical ages have been assigned on the basis of lithological correlations with the Palaeozoic formations of the Variscan chain in Sardinia. This uncertainty concerning the age poses limitations to reconstructing the Palaeozoic stratigraphy, defining the Alpine and pre-Alpine histories and correlations with other domains of the Variscan chain. We present the UPb age of detrital zircon and the 40Ar39Ar age of metamorphic muscovite for the Calamita Schist and Ortano Porphyroid, two metamorphic units of undetermined Palaeozoic age cropping out in the eastern Elba Island. The radioisotopic data allows us to: (i) define the Early Carboniferous and Middle Ordovician ages for the Calamita Schist and Ortano Porphyroid, respectively, as well as their derivation (flysch deposit and magmatic rocks); (ii) pose some constraints concerning their alpine tectonic and metamorphic histories. These new data generate a more precise reconstruction of the Palaeozoic sequence in the northern Apennines, and they document that the Palaeozoic basement involved in the alpine deformation underwent internal stacking with an inversion of the original sequence. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Description: Published
    Description: 288-310
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: northern Apennines ; Palaeozoic basement ; U-Pb zircon ; 40Ar-39Ar muscovite ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 15
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    Societal need for improved understanding of climate change, anthropogenic impacts, and geo-hazard warning drive development of ocean observatories in European Seas (2011)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Society’s needs for a network of in situ ocean observing systems cross many areas of earth and marine science. Here we review the science themes that benefit from data supplied from ocean observatories. Understanding from existing studies is fragmented to the extent that it lacks the coherent long-term monitoring needed to address questions at the scales essential to understand climate change and improve geo-hazard early warning. Data sets from the deep sea are particularly rare with long-term data available from only a few locations worldwide. These science areas have impacts on societal health and well-being and our awareness of ocean function in a shifting climate. Substantial efforts are underway to realise a network of open-ocean observatories around European Seas that will operate over multiple decades. Some systems are already collecting high-resolution data from surface, water column, seafloor, and sub-seafloor sensors linked to shore by satellite or cable connection in real or near-real time, along with samples and other data collected in a delayed mode. We expect that such observatories will contribute to answering major ocean science questions including: How can monitoring of factors such as seismic activity, pore fluid chemistry and pressure, and gas hydrate stability improve seismic, slope failure, and tsunami warning? What aspects of physical oceanography, biogeochemical cycling, and ecosystems will be most sensitive to climatic and anthropogenic change? What are natural versus anthropogenic changes? Most fundamentally, how are marine processes that occur at differing scales related? The development of ocean observatories provides a substantial opportunity for ocean science to evolve in Europe. Here we also describe some basic attributes of network design. Observatory networks provide the means to coordinate and integrate the collection of standardised data capable of bridging measurement scales across a dispersed area in European Seas adding needed certainty to estimates of future oceanic conditions. Observatory data can be analysed along with other data such as those from satellites, drifting floats, autonomous underwater vehicles, model analysis, and the known distribution and abundances of marine fauna in order to address some of the questions posed above. Standardised methods for information management are also becoming established to ensure better accessibility and traceability of these data sets and ultimately to increase their use for societal benefit. The connection of ocean observatory effort into larger frameworks including the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) and the Global Monitoring of Environment and Security (GMES) is integral to its success. It is in a greater integrated framework that the full potential of the component systems will be realised.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-33
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Seafloor and water columnobservatories ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.04. Processes and Dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.07. Physical and biogeochemical interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.01. Air/water/earth interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.02. General circulation ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.03. Interannual-to-decadal ocean variability ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.01. Biogeochemical cycles ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.02. Carbon cycling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.04. Ecosystems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.05. Main geomagnetic field ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.03. Heat generation and transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.04. Hydrogeological data ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.02. Hydrogeological risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 16
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    A scattering image of Campi Flegrei from the autocorrelation functions of velocity tomograms (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: We propose a new quantitative approach for the joint interpretation of velocity and attenuation tomography images, performed through the lateral separation of scattering and intrinsic attenuation. The horizontal P-wave scattering attenuation structure below Campi Flegrei Caldera (CFC) is imaged using the autocorrelation functions (ACF) of P-wave vertical velocity fluctuations. Cluster analysis (CA) is then applied to interpret the images derived from ACF and the available P-wave total attenuation images at 2000m quantitatively. The analysis allows the separation of intrinsic and scattering attenuation on a 2-D plane, adding new geophysical constraints to the present knowledge about this volcanic area. The final result is a new, quantitative image of the past and present tectonic and volcanological state of CFC. P-wave intrinsic dissipation dominates in an area approximately located under the volcanic centre of Solfatara, as expected in a region with a large presence of fluids and gas. A north–south scattering attenuation region is mainly located below the zone of maximum uplift in the 1982–1984 bradiseismic crisis, in the sea side of the Pozzuoli bay, but also extending below Mt Nuovo. This evidence favours the interpretation in terms of a hard but fractured body, contoured by strong S-wave scatterers, corresponding to the Caldera rim: the region is possibly a section of the residual magma body, associated with the 1538 eruption of Mt Nuovo.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1304-1310
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Probability distributions ; Seismic attenuation ; Seismic tomography ; Statistical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 17
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    U-Pb and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology of Palaeozoic units in the northern Apennines: determining protolith age and alpine evolution using the Calamita Schist and Ortano Porphyroid (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the northern Apennines, the Palaeozoic basement involved in the Late Oligocene–Middle Miocene nappe stack contains metamorphic units for which hypothetical ages have been assigned on the basis of lithological correlations with the Palaeozoic formations of the Variscan chain in Sardinia. This uncertainty concerning the age poses limitations to reconstructing the Palaeozoic stratigraphy, defining the Alpine and pre-Alpine histories and correlations with other domains of the Variscan chain. We present the U-Pb age of detrital zircon and the 40Ar-39Ar age of metamorphic muscovite for the Calamita Schist and Ortano Porphyroid, two metamorphic units of undetermined Palaeozoic age cropping out in the eastern Elba Island. The radioisotopic data allows us to: (i) define the Early Carboniferous and Middle Ordovician ages for the Calamita Schist and Ortano Porphyroid, respectively, as well as their derivation (flysch deposit and magmatic rocks); (ii) pose some constraints concerning their alpine tectonic and metamorphic histories. These new data generate a more precise reconstruction of the Palaeozoic sequence in the northern Apennines, and they document that the Palaeozoic basement involved in the alpine deformation underwent internal stacking with an inversion of the original sequence.
    Description: In press
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: northern Apennines ; Palaeozoic basement ; U-Pb zircon ; 40Ar-39Ar muscovite ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 18
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    Shear-velocity andi anisotropy structure of a retreating extensional forearc (Tuscany, Italy) from receiver functions inversion (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We investigate in detail the crustal layering of the ‘Val di Chiana Basin’ (Northern Apennines, Tuscany, Italy) through receiver functions and seismic anisotropy with hexagonal symmetry. The teleseismic data set is recorded in correspondence of a typical foreland basin resulting by the progressive eastward retreat of a regional-scale subduction zone trapped between two continents. We study the azimuthal variations of the computed and binned receiver functions associated to a harmonic angular analysis to emphasize the presence of the dipping and the anisotropic structures. The resulting S-wave velocity model shows interesting and new results for this area that we discuss in a regional geodynamic contest contributing to the knowledge of the structure of the forearc of the subduction zone. A dipping interface (N192°E strike, 18° dip) has been revealed at about 1.5 km depth, that separates the basin sediments and flysch from the carbonates and evaporites. Moreover, we interpret the two upper-crust anisotropic layers (at about 6 and 17 km depth) as the Hercynian Phyllites and Micaschists, of the Metamorphic Tuscan Basement. At relatively shallow depths, the presence of these metamorphic rocks causes the seismic anisotropy in the upper crust. The presence of shallow anisotropic layers is a new and interesting feature, first revealed in the study area. Beneath the crust–mantle transition (Moho), located about 28 km depth, our analysis reveals a 7-km-thick anisotropic layer.
    Description: Published
    Description: 545-556
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Seismic anisotopy ; Computational Seismology ; Wave propagation ; Subduction zone process ; Crustal structure ; Europe ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 19
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    Surface wave dispersion measurements from ambient seismic noise analysis in Italy (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present the surface wave dispersion results of the application of the ambient noise method to broad-band data recorded at 114 stations from the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vul- canologia (INGV) national broad-band network, some stations of the Mediterranean Very Broadband Seismographic Network (MedNet) and of the Austrian Central Institute for Me- teorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG). Vertical-component ambient noise data from 2005 October to 2007 March have been cross-correlated for station-pairs to estimate fundamental mode Rayleigh wave Green’s functions. Cross-correlations are calculated in 1-hr segments, stacked over periods varying between 3 months and 1.5 yr. Rayleigh wave group dispersion curves at periods from 8 to 44 s were determined using the multiple-filter analysis technique. The study region was divided into a 0.2◦ × 0.2◦ grid to invert for group velocity distribu- tions. Checkerboard tests were first carried out, and the lateral resolution was estimated to be about 0.6◦. The resulting group velocity maps from 8 to 36 s show the significant difference of the crustal structure and good correlations with known geological and tectonic features in the study region. The Po Plain and the Southern Alps evidence lower group veloci- ties due to soft alluvial deposits, and thick terrigenous sediments. Our results also clearly showed that the Tyrrhenian Sea is characterized with much higher velocities below 8 km than the Italian peninsula and the Adriatic Sea which indicates a thin oceanic crust beneath the Tyrrhenian Sea.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1242-1252
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Tomography ; Surface waves and free oscillations ; Crustal structure ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 20
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    Paleomagnetic investigations on the Pleistocene lacustrine sequence of Piànico-Sèllere (northern Italy) (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Piànico-Sèllere is a lacustrine succession from northern Italy that records a sequence of climatic transitions across two Pleistocene glacial stages. The intervening interglacial stage is represented by well-preserved varves with calcitic (summer) and clastic (winter) laminae. There is a tight coupling between climate-driven lithologic changes and magnetic susceptibility variations, and stable paleomagnetic components were retrieved from all investigated lithologies including the largely diamagnetic calcite varves. These components were used to delineate a sequence of magnetic polarity reversals that was interpreted as a record of excursions of the Earth’s magnetic field. Comparison of the magnetostratigraphic results with previously published data allows discussion of two possible models which have generated controversy regarding the age of the Piànico Formation. The data indicates that the Piànico Formation magnetostratigraphy correlates to geomagnetic field excursions across the Brunhes/Matuyama transition, and consequently the Piànico interglacial correlates to marine isotope stage 19. This correlation option is substantially consistent with K-Ar radiometric age estimates recently obtained from a tepha layer interbedded in the Piànico Formation. The alternative option, considering the Piànico interglacial correlative to marine isotope stage 11 within the Brunhes Chron as supported by tephrochronological dating reported in the literature, is not supported by the magnetostratigraphic results.
    Description: Published
    Description: 44-53
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Piànico Formation ; Pleistocene ; magnetostratigraphy ; polarity excursions ; Brunhes Chron ; Southern Alps ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
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  • 21
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    Standardization of Seismic Tomographic Models and Earthquake Focal Mechanisms Datasets Based on Web Technologies, Visualization with Keyhole Markup Language (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present two projects in seismology that have been ported to web technologies, which provide results in Keyhole Markup Language (KML) visualization layers. These use the Google Earth geo-browser as the flexible platform that can substitute specialized graphical tools to perform qualitative visual data analyses and comparisons. The Network of Research Infrastructures for European Seismology (NERIES) Tomographic Earth Model Repository contains datasets from over 20 models from the literature. A hierarchical structure of folders that represent the sets of depths for each model is implemented in KML, and this immediately results into an intuitive interface for users to navigate freely and to compare tomographic plots. The KML layer for the European-Mediterranean Regional Centroid-Moment Tensor Catalog displays the focal mechanism solutions or moderate magnitude Earthquakes from 1997 to the present. Our aim in both projects was to also propose standard representations of scientific datasets. Here, the general semantic approach of XML has an important impact that must be further explored, although we find the KML syntax to be more shifted towards detailed visualization aspects. We have thus used, and propose the use of, Javascript Object Notation (JSON), another semantic notation that stems from the web-development community that provides a compact, general-purpose, data-exchange format.
    Description: In press
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: 5.2. TTC - Banche dati di sismologia strumentale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: seismology ; geophysics ; json ; googleEarth ; kml ; xml ; web standards ; semantic data ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
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  • 22
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    Multiple resolution seismic attenuation imaging at Mt. Vesuvius (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-05
    Description: A three-dimensional S wave attenuation tomography of Mt. Vesuvius has been obtained with multiple measurements of coda-normalized S-wave spectra of local small magnitude earthquakes.We used 6609 waveforms, relative to 826 volcano-tectonic earthquakes, located close to the crater axis in a depth range between 1 and 4 km (below the sea level), recorded at seven 3-component digital seismic stations. We adopted a two-point ray-tracing; rays were traced in an high resolution 3-D velocity model. The spatial resolution achieved in the attenuation tomography is comparable with that of the velocity tomography (we resolve 300m side cubic cells). We statistically tested that the results are almost independent from the radiation pattern. We also applied an improvement of the ordinary spectral-slope method to both P- and S-waves, assuming that the differences between the theoretical and the experimental high frequency spectral-slope are only due to the attenuation effects. Consequently we could check the codanormalization method also comparing the S attenuation image with the P attenuation image. The images were obtained inverting the spectral data with a multiple resolution approach. Results have shown the general coincidence of low attenuation with high velocity zones. The joint interpretation of velocity and attenuation images allows us to interpret the low attenuation zone intruding toward the surface until a depth of 500m below the sea level as related to the residual part of solidified magma from the last eruption. In the depth range between −700 and −2300 images are consistent with the presence of multiple acquifer layers. No evidence of magma patches greater than the minimum cell dimension (300m) has been found. A shallow P wave attenuation anomaly (beneath the southern flank of the volcano) is consitent with the presence of gas saturated rocks. The zone characterized by the maximum seismic energy release cohincides with a high attenuation and low velocity volume, interpreted as a cracked medium.
    Description: Published
    Description: 17–32
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Attenuation tomography ; Mt. Vesuvius ; Coda normalization method ; Spectral slope ; Multi resolution inversion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
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  • 23
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    Late Matuyama climate forcing on sedimentation at the margin of the southern Alps (Italy) (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Pleistocene history of climate control on sedimentation in the Southern Alps-Po Plain system, northern Italy, was reconstructed using an integrated magnetostratigraphic, palynological, and petrographical approach on a 47-m-deep core. The core mainly consists of lacustrine sediments pertaining to the Bagaggera sequence, deposited at the foothills of the Southern Alps during the late Matuyama subchron (0.99-0.78 Ma). At that time, climate worsened globally and locally it caused the progradation of an alluvial fan unit onto the nearby Po Plain, triggering lake formation by damming of a tributary valley. These new data are used in conjunction with data from the literature to highlight and track the effects of climate forcing on sedimentation during the late Matuyama subchron in different orographic and geodynamic settings of the Southern Alps-Po Plain system as part of the greater Alpine area. We found that the episodes of alluvial fan and braidplam progradation observed in the southern foreland of the Alps during the late Matuyama global cooling seem broadly synchronous with the deposition of most of the so-called Gunz and Alterer Deckenschotter deposits in the northern forelands of the Alps as well as with the first major waxing of the Alpine valley glaciers, possibly around the Marine Isotope Stage 22 (~0.87 Ma).
    Description: Regione Lombardia, IREALP
    Description: Published
    Description: 832–846
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Paleomagnetism ; Climate Change ; Early Pleistocene ; Italy ; Stratigraphy ; Petrography ; Palynology ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
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  • 24
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    Human migration into Europe during the late Early Pleistocene climate transition (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A critical assessment of the available magnetostratigraphic and/or radiometric age constraints on key sites bearing hominin remains and/or lithic industries from southern Europe (Italy, France, Spain) leads us to propose that the main window of early hominin presence in southern Europe is broadly comprised between the Jaramillo subchron and the Brunhes–Matuyama boundary (i.e., subchron C1r.1r, 0.99–0.78 Ma). Within the dating uncertainties, this ~200 ky time window broadly coincides with the late Early Pleistocene global climate transition that contains marine isotope stage (MIS) 22 (~0.87Ma), the first prominent cold stage of the Pleistocene. We suggest that aridification in North Africa and Eastern Europe, particularly harsh during MIS22 times, triggered migration pulses of large herbivores, particularly elephants, from these regions into southern European refugia, and that hominins migrated with them. Finally, we speculate on common pathways of late Early Pleistocene dispersal of elephants and hominins from their home in savannah Africa to southern Europe, elephant and hominin buen retiro. In particular, we stress the importance of the Po Valley of northern Italy that became largely and permanently exposed only since MIS22, thus allowing possibly for the first time in the Pleistocene viable new migration routes for large mammals and hominins across northern Italy to southern France and Spain in the west.
    Description: Published
    Description: 79-93
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Pleistocene ; Magnetostratigraphy ; Hominins ; Migration ; Europe ; Galerian ; Jaramillo ; Brunhes-Matuyama ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
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  • 25
    facet.materialart.
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    Late Matuyama climate forcing on sedimentation at the margin of the southern Alps (Italy) (2009)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Pleistocene history of climate control on sedimentation in the Southern Alps-Po Plain system, northern Italy, was reconstructed using an integrated magnetostratigraphic, palynological, and petrographical approach on a 47-m-deep core. The core mainly consists of lacustrine sediments pertaining to the Bagaggera sequence, deposited at the foothills of the Southern Alps during the late Matuyama subchron (0.99–0.78 Ma). At that time, climate worsened globally and locally it caused the progradation of an alluvial fan unit onto the nearby Po Plain, triggering lake formation by damming of a tributary valley. These new data are used in conjunction with data from the literature to highlight and track the effects of climate forcing on sedimentation during the late Matuyama subchron in different orographic and geodynamic settings of the Southern Alps-Po Plain system as part of the greater Alpine area. We found that the episodes of alluvial fan and braidplain progradation observed in the southern foreland of the Alps during the late Matuyama global cooling seem broadly synchronous with the deposition of most of the so-called Günz and Älterer Deckenschotter deposits in the northern forelands of the Alps as well as with the first major waxing of the Alpine valley glaciers, possibly around the Marine Isotope Stage 22 (~0.87 Ma).
    Description: In press
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Pleistocene ; magnetostratigraphy ; pollen analysis ; sand petrography ; Alps ; Po Plain ; lacustrine sequence ; alluvial fan ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.05. Paleoclimate ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 26
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    P wave seismic velocity and Vp/Vs ratio beneath the Italian peninsula from local earthquake tomography (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-17
    Description: We investigate the P wave velocity structure and the Vp/Vs ratio beneath the Italian peninsula down to 100 and 60 km depth respectively by seismic travel time tomography. We invert data provided by the International Seismological Centre (ISC) (1997–2005), making use of some alternative strategies for the travel time approach in a well constrained and worldwide adopted code (SIMULPS). Resolution for the different layers is discussed and sensitivity analyses are performed through test inversions to explore the resolution characteristics of the model at different spatial scales. The resulting tomographic images provide a detailed sketch of the P wave anomalies, clearly showing, among the other features, the shape of the Ivrea body in the Western Alps, the upwelling of the oceanic crust in the Ligurian Sea and the slab under the Calabrian arc. They are less informative for the Vp/Vs ratio. Nevertheless, some features are very interesting and deserve further investigation like the anomalous decrease of the Vp/Vs ratio under the Ligurian Sea or the variations of the Vp/Vs ratio calculated in the first 10 km depth of the Apenninic region with respect to the lower values of the Alpine region at the same depth. The tomographic cross sections reveal a continuous superposition of two kinds of crusts (transitional over Adriatic) all along the peninsula but do not show any slab, intended as a clear, vertical downgoing high velocity material in either the northern or central Apennines.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-23
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Seismic tomography ; Lithospheric structure ; Vp/Vs ratio ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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  • 27
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    SKS splitting in Southern Italy: anisotropy variations in a fragmented subduction zone. (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper we present a collection of good quality shear wave splitting measurements in Southern Italy. In addition to a large amount of previous splitting measurements, we present new data from 15 teleseisms recorded from 2003 to 2006 at the 40 stations of the CAT/SCAN temporary network. These new measurements provide additional constraints on the anisotropic behaviour of the study region and better define the fast directions in the southern part of the Apulian Platform. For our analysis we have selected wellrecorded SKS phases and we have used the method of Silver and Chan to obtain the splitting parameters: the azimuth of the fast polarized shear wave (φ) and delay time (δt). Shear wave splitting results reveal the presence of a strong seismic anisotropy in the subduction system below the region. Three different geological and geodynamic regions are characterized by different anisotropic parameters. The Calabrian Arc domain has fast directions oriented NNE–SSW and the Southern Apennines domain has fast directions oriented NNW–SSE. This rotation of fast axes, following the arcuate shape of the slab, is marked by a lack of resolved measurements which occurs at the transition zone between those two domains. The third domain is identified in the Apulian Platform: here fast directions are oriented almost N–S in the northern part and NNE–SSW to ENE–WSW in the southern one. The large number of splitting parameters evaluated for events coming from different back-azimuth allows us to hypothesize the presence of a depth-dependent anisotropic structure which should be more complicated than a simple 2 layer model below the Southern Apennines and the Calabrian Arc domains and to constrain at 50 km depth the upper limit of the anisotropic layer, at least at the edge of Southern Apennines and Apulian Platform. We interpret the variability in fast directions as related to the fragmented subduction system in the mantle of this region. The trench-parallel φ observed in Calabrian Arc and in Southern Apennines has its main source in the asthenospheric flow below the slab likely due to the pressure induced by the retrograde motion of the slab itself. The pattern of φ in the Apulian Platform does not appear to be the direct result of the rollback motion of the slab, whose influence is limited to about 100 km from the slab. The anisotropy in the Apulian Platform may be related to an asthenospheric flow deflected by the complicated structure of the Adriatic microplate or may also be explained as frozen-in lithospheric anisotropy.
    Description: Published
    Description: 49-67
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Shear wave splitting ; Subduction ; Mantle flow ; Southern Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
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  • 28
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    Belt bending driven by lateral bending of subducting lithospheric slab: geophysical evidences from the northern Apennines (Italy) (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Many of the mountain belts displaying a curved shape are "oroclines", i.e. are produced after progressive bending of an originally straight fold and thrust belt. The bending process was previously explained as a consequence of several possible events taking place in the crustal orogenic wedge, such as occurrence of obstacles, non-coaxial deformation, and mouvements on wrench faults. Recent paleomagnetic results from the northern Apenninic Arc document that this belt is properly an orocline and results from Late Messinian-Early Pliocene bending of a Messinian straight belt-foredeep system. Tomographic images in turn show the presence of a high-velocity body, interpreted as subducted slab, in the upper mantle beneath the northern Apennines, between 35 and 670 km depth. Down to 100 km, this body displays an arcuate shape which closely mirrors the geological outlines, while it appears to be straight (and parallel to the Messinian pre-rotated belt) at depth. We explore here the possibility that the arcuate shape of the northern Apennines is a consequence, closely following in time, on much deeper processes than previously suggested, i.e. the lateral bending of the subducting Adriatic plate.
    Description: Published
    Description: 53-64
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: paleomagnetism ; seismic tomography ; Northern Apennines ; orocline ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 29
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    Reflection of seismic surface waves at the northern Apennines (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Seismic surface waves with periods of 15 to 20 s are reflected laterally at the northern Apennines. For earthquakes originated and recorded in the wider Alpine area, a few hundred kilometres north of the Apennines, we can directly observe late arrivals of reflected regional surface waves. These have a characteristic polarization of particle motion and often dominate the intermediate-period surface wave coda. Love waves are the most prominent coda arrivals, while reflected Rayleigh waves show smaller amplitudes, and become clear only after rotation of the recordings to the reflection incidence direction. We can track the development of the Love wave reflection along a temporary broad-band transect across the northern Apennines, indicating the location of the reflector near to the highest topography. From spectral element simulations of three-dimensional wave propagation, we attribute the reflection to a continuous, !270 km long offset in the crust-mantle boundary under the mountain belt with vertical throw of !20 km, thus supporting a deep crustal root under the outer side of the Apennines fold and thrust belt, and significant crustal thinning on the inner side. Amplitude reflection coefficients for near-normal incidence can be estimated as !7% for both Love and Rayleigh waves.
    Description: EC Marie-Curie Research Training Network SPICE (MRTN-CT-2003-504267)
    Description: Published
    Description: 149–158
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: seismogram coda ; surface waves ; multipathing ; 3d waveform modelling ; deep crustal structure ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 30
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    Multiple resolution seismic attenuation imaging at Mt. Vesuvius (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-05
    Description: A three-dimensional S wave attenuation tomography of Mt. Vesuvius has been ob- tained with multiple measurements of coda-normalized S-wave spectra of local small magnitude earthquakes. We used 6609 waveforms, relative to 826 volcano-tectonic earthquakes, located close to the crater axis in a depth range between 1 and 4 km (below the sea level), recorded at seven 3-component digital seismic stations. We adopted a two-point ray-tracing; rays were traced in an high resolution 3-D velocity model. The spatial resolution achieved in the attenuation tomography is comparable with that of the velocity tomography (we resolve 300 m side cubic cells). We statisti- cally tested that the results are almost independent from the radiation pattern. We also applied an improvement of the ordinary spectral-slope method to both P- and S-waves, assuming that the di¤erences between the theoretical and the experimental high frequency spectral-slope are only due to the attenuation e¤ects.We could check the coda-normalization method comparing the S attenuation image obtained with the two methods. The images were obtained with a multiple resolution approach. Results show the general coincidence of low attenuation with high velocity zones. The joint interpretation of velocity and attenuation images allows us to interpret the low attenuation zone intruding toward the surface until a depth of 500 meters below the sea level as related to the residual part of solidi ed magma from the last eruption. In the depth range between -700 and -2300 meters above sea level, the images are consistent with the presence of multiple acquifer layers. No evidence of magma patches greater than the minimum cell dimension (300m) has been found. A shallow P wave attenuation anomaly (beneath the southern ank of the volcano) is consitent with the presence of gas saturated rocks. The zone characterized by the maximum seismic energy release cohincides with a high attenuation and low velocity volume, interpreted as a cracked medium.
    Description: In press
    Description: on line first
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Attenuation tomography ; Mt. Vesuvius ; Coda normalization method ; Spectral slope ; Multi resolution inversion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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  • 31
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    Small scale shallow attenuation structure at Mt. Vesuvius, Italy. (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-05
    Description: We present a high resolution 3D model of S-wave attenuation (Q −1 S ) for the volcanic structure of Mt. Vesuvius. Data from 959 waveforms relative to 332 volcano-tectonic earthquakes located close to the crater axis in a depth range between 1 and 4 km (below the sea level) recorded at 6 three-component seismic stations were used for the inversion. We obtained the estimate of Q −1 S for each source–station pair using a single-station method based on the normalization of the S-wave spectrum for the coda spectrum at 12 s lapse time. This is a modification of the well known coda-normalization method to estimate the average Q −1 S for a given area. We adopt a parabolic ray-tracing in the high resolution 3D velocity model which was previously estimated using almost the same data set; then we solve a linear inversion scheme using the L-squared norm with positive constraints in 900 m-side cubic blocks, obtaining the estimate of Q −1 S for each block. Robusteness and stability of the results are tested changing in turn the input data set and the inversion technique. Resolution is tested with both checkerboard and spike tests. Results show that attenuation structure resembles the velocity structure, well reproducing the interface between the carbonates and the overlying volcanick rocks which form the volcano. Analysis is well resolved till to a depth of 4–5 km. Higher Q contrast is found for the block overlying the carbonate basement and close to the crater axis, almost cohincident with a positive P-wave velocity contrast located in the same volume and previously interpreted as the residual high density body related to the last eruptions of Mt. Vesuvius. We interpret this high-Q zone as the upper part of carbonate basement in which most of the high energy seismicity take place. The low-Q values found at shallow depth are interpreted as due to the high heterogeneity mainly caused by the mixing of lava layers and pyroclastic materials extruded during the last eruptions.
    Description: Published
    Description: 257-268
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Attenuation tomography ; Mt. Vesuvius ; Coda Normalization method ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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  • 32
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    Separation of Qi and Qs from passive data at Mt. Vesuvius: A reappraisal of the seismic attenuation estimates (2007)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Seismic attenuation in the area of Mt. Vesuvius is reappraised by studying more than 400 S-coda envelopes of small local VT earthquakes recorded at Mt. Vesuvius from 1996 to 2002 at the three-component stations of OVO and BKE. The purpose is to obtain a stable separate estimate of intrinsic and scattering quality factors for shear waves. We investigate in the present paper four frequency bands, centered respectively at fc = 3, 6, 12 and 18 Hz with a bandwidth of 0.6fc. Stacked coda envelopes are fit to the multiple scattering model according to the Zeng approximation in the hypothesis of constant velocity half space. Results show that the diffusion regime is a good approximation as the scattering attenuation (proportional toQ−1 S , the inverse scattering-quality factor) is much stronger than the intrinsic dissipation (proportional to Q−1 I ). Q−1 S decreases with frequency while intrinsic attenuation is much less frequency-dependent. We also fit the stacked coda envelopes at BKE to the diffusion equation solved with the boundary condition of a 2 km thick diffusive layer over a homogeneous half space. Results show that the diffusivity, D, estimated in the assumption of reflecting boundary condition is greater than that estimated in the assumption of uniform half space, whereas the diffusivity estimated with the absorbing boundary condition is close to the estimate done in the assumption of half space. OVO station shows results different from those obtained at BKE and at a group of five stations located on Mt. Vesuvius for the frequency bands centered at 12 and 18 Hz. In these two bands, scattering attenuation at OVO is comparable to the intrinsic dissipation, and is much smaller than that measured at the other stations. We interpret this anomaly as due to an effect of strong lateral heterogeneity which modifies the redistribution of the seismic energy into the coda at OVO. A comparison of the results obtained using passive data (the present data set) and the active data obtained in the same area during TOMOVES experiment by Wegler (2004) show that the diffusivity estimated with shot data during TOMOVES is smaller of a factor greater than 4. This discrepancy is interpreted as due to different earth volumes sampled by the coda waves in the two cases.
    Description: Published
    Description: 202-212
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Scattering ; Diffusion ; Seismic attenuation ; Mt. Vesuvius ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
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  • 33
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    The Italian CMT dataset from 1977 to present (2007)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The INGV-Harvard European-Mediterranean Regional Centroid Moment Tensor (RCMT) Catalog collects solutions routinely computed since 1997 for earthquakes with moderate magnitude (4.5 ≤ M ≤ 5.5) in the Mediterranean region. The database represents an extension to smaller magnitudes of the Harvard global CMT catalog, based on analysis of seismograms recorded at regional distance, and modeling of intermediate period surface waves. The catalog includes about 600 events, 200 of which in the Italian region. This study extends the catalog back in time, for the Italian region, as long as made possible by available digital data – i.e. since 1977 – with the same analysis and inversion method used for current seismicity. As a result, we present here 65 new moment tensors, for years between 1977 and 1997. These solutions represent 45% of the total number of events analyzed, the existing seismograms being often too scarce to allow a stable solution. The new dataset includes events in many seismic zones where moderate seismicity had previously been scarcely documented, e.g., the Po Plain, the Central to Southern Apennines and the Adriatic Sea. The complete dataset, including previously determined RCMTs and CMTs, represents the seismic deformation in the Italian area during the last 25 years.
    Description: Published
    Description: 286-303
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Moment tensors ; Seismic deformation ; Italian region ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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  • 34
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    Local tomography and focal mechanisms in the south-western Alps: Comparison if methods and tectonic implications (2007)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-21
    Description: We investigate how focal solutions and hypocenter locations may depend on the ray tracing algorithm and the strategy of velocity inversion. Using arrival times from a temporary seismologal network in south-western Alps, a local earthquake tomography has been performed by Paul et al. (2001), with the method developed by Thurber (1993). Another inversion of the same data set is performed here using a different tomography code relying on a shooting paraxial method and cubic interpolation of velocities. The resulting images display the same main features, although Thurber's code appears to be more robust in regions with scarce ray coverage and strong velocity contrasts. Concerning hypocenter locations in Piemont units, one major result is the concentration of hypocenters at the boundary between the mantle wedge of the Ivrea body and the European crust. Forty-six focal mechanisms are shown that we computed using both the take-off angles in the minimum 1-D model and the 3-D velocity structures resulting from the two inversions. The sets of focal solutions are very similar, proving the reliability and the coherency of the focal solutions. The widespread extension of the core of the western Alps is confirmed whereas a few compressive soloutions are found east of the Piemont units. These results constrain the sharp change of stress tensor and evidence a decoupling of strain beneath the east of Dora Maira massif up to beneath the north of Argentera massif. On a geodynamical point of view seismicity and focal mechanism distribution are compatible with the present day models published for the western Alps, where the major feature is the lithospheric thickening (Schmid and Kissling, 2000), implying a widespread extension in the core of western Alps (Sue et al., 1999). However the existence of compressive events dealing at depth with the boundary of the Ivrea body allows to postulate that this geological structure is still tectonically active. Even if field work has not shown this so far, the Insubric line appears to extend toward the south at depth, as a blind fault, and to play a key role in the dynamis of the south-western Alps.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-19
    Description: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Western Alps ; Local earthquake tomography ; Focal mechanisms ; Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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  • 35
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    The age of the Neapolitan Yellow Tu caldera-forming eruption (Campi Flegrei caldera-Italy) assessed by 40Ar/39Ar dating method (2005)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-17
    Description: The Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) is the product of the largest known trachytic phreatoplinian eruption. It covered an area larger than 1000 km2 with an estimated volume of about 40 km3 of erupted magma. During the course of the eruption a caldera collapsed within the previously formed Campanian Ignimbrite caldera. The resulting nested structure strongly influenced the following volcanic activity in the Campi Flegrei caldera. As previous dating of the NYT does not converge toward a unique result, a new set of 40Ar/39Ar age determinations has been carried out to better constrain the age of the eruption. Two variants of the 40Ar/39Ar dating method were applied to determine the age of the NYT eruption: (1) single-crystal total fusion (SCTF), on an individual phenocryst of feldspar, and (2) laser incremental heating (LIH), on bulk aliquots of feldspar phenocrysts. The results of the SCTF analyses show that the overall sample weighted mean age, derived from the conventional age calculation, is 15.6 ;0.8 ka. A weighted mean of the isochron age is 15.3 ;1.2 ka (2c), and has been assumed as the best indicator of age to be derived from the SCTF analyses. The LIH analyses results show that plateau ages vary from 15.4; 0.5 to 14.5; 0.5 ka. The overall weighted mean age of the isochron results is 14.9;0.4 ka (2c). This result has been assumed as the reference age for the NYT eruption, and agrees with the SCTF age. The new age obtained for the NYT deposits is of great relevance for the understanding of the evolution and the present state of the Campi Flegrei caldera and collocates the NYT in a crucial stratigraphical position to date the climatic oscillations that occurred between the Late Glacial and the Holocene.
    Description: Published
    Description: 157-170
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Neapolitan Yellow Tuff ; Campi Flegrei caldera ; 40Ar/39Ar dating method ; Geochronology ; Late Glacial ; Holocene ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
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    Type: article
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  • 36
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    Crustal seismic tomography in the Calabrian Arc region, south Italy (2005)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: 27,646 P- and 15,025 S-wave readings obtained from 2238 earthquakes and 84 artificial sources were used to perform tomographic inversion of P velocity and VP/ VS ratio in the crust of Calabrian Arc by Thurber´s inversion algorithm. For this investigation a seismic database with more than twelve-thousand events was built, including all local earthquake data recorded between 1978 and 2001 at all stations of the national and local networks in south Italy. Spread Function computations and checkerboard and restore tests proved higher accuracy of velocity estimates in the upper 40 km beneath Calabrian Arc compared to previous investigations in the same area. The obtained three-dimensional velocity model furnished remarkable improvement of hypocenter locations of the global earthquake dataset (RMS reduction of 38% respect to 1D locations) and greater accuracy in the definition of microplates and tectonic units in the study region. Velocity domains evidenced by our tomography correspond to tectonic units locally identified with geological methods by previous investigators and allow us to better detail their shape and geometry at depth. In particular, at a depth of about 20 km beneath Calabria we detected the deep contact between the overthrusting Tyrrhenian crust and the subducting Ionian slab, improving the accuracy of the current subduction model of the Calabrian Arc region.
    Description: Published
    Description: 297-314
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Seismic tomography ; Crustal structure ; Seismicity ; Italy and Tyrrhenian sea ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 37
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    Geo: Geography and Environment
    Wiley | Royal Geographical Society
    Online: 1(1).2014 –
    Details
    Publisher: Wiley , Royal Geographical Society
    Electronic ISSN: 2054-4049
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Keywords: Allgemeine Geographie ; Umweltforschung
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